CN103467683A - Preparation method for thermosetting phenolic resin and thermosetting phenolic resin prepared with method - Google Patents
Preparation method for thermosetting phenolic resin and thermosetting phenolic resin prepared with method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103467683A CN103467683A CN2013103763397A CN201310376339A CN103467683A CN 103467683 A CN103467683 A CN 103467683A CN 2013103763397 A CN2013103763397 A CN 2013103763397A CN 201310376339 A CN201310376339 A CN 201310376339A CN 103467683 A CN103467683 A CN 103467683A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method for thermosetting phenolic resin. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) uniformly mixing phenol and acid catalysts with lignin for a reaction, and removing the acid catalyst; (2) adding a base catalyst and a boron compound into a reaction mixture obtained in the step (1) for reaction; (3) adding aldehyde into a reaction mixture obtained in the step (2) for polycondensation reaction. The invention further relates to the thermosetting phenolic resin prepared with the method. According to the preparation method provided by the invention, the lignin and the boron compound are co-modified, so that the defects of high possibility of settling, poor heat resistance and the like of the phenolic resin are overcome and the performance of the phenolic resin is further improved; the friction resistance, the cut resistance, the high-temperature ablation resistance, the damping resistance and the water resistance of the thermosetting phenolic resin are excellent and are remarkably improved in comparison with those of a conventional product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the resol field, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of thermoset phenolic resin and the thermoset phenolic resin of gained.
Background technology
Resin by phenolic compound and aldehyde compound polycondensation gained belongs to resol.Resol is synthetic conveniently, raw material is easy to get, and can meet many real requirements after resin solidification, therefore industrial, is used widely.But the weak points such as solidification value is higher, fragility is larger, poor electrical performance that resol also has, therefore, various modified phenolic resinss arise at the historic moment.
Wood Adhesives from Biomass is the important directions of international bio matter industry development, and the exhaustion of petrochemical industry resource, pollution have promoted the development of biomass macromolecular materials.Xylogen, as a kind of wide material sources, the huge natural organic high-molecular material of using value, has caused scientist's great interest very early.Its significant application value on industrial production, impel people to do a large amount of research to it, and obtained successful Application.
Xylogen has been applied to the resol industry with its distinctive resin structure, has substituted the use of part phenols, has reduced cost, has improved the fragility of resol.Yet this special construction also limits the further lifting of its usage quantity, the lignin molecule amount is excessive, be free state after adding thermosetting resin as raw material in system, so simple form of bio-carrier easily precipitates in the resin preservation period, make resin and derived product quality fluctuation occur, fraction defective improves greatly.And the resol intensity of lignin modification decreases before than modification, and water tolerance, high temperature resistant ablation, antidamping, rub resistance, anti-cutting power weaken to some extent.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
For the deficiencies in the prior art part, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of stay-in-grade thermoset phenolic resin.By the common modification of xylogen and boron compound, improved a series of defects of existing resol in the preparation method of described thermoset phenolic resin, made its performance obtain improving further.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of thermoset phenolic resin obtained according to preparation method of the present invention.
(2) technical scheme
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of thermoset phenolic resin, its preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) phenol, acid catalyst and xylogen are mixed, react 1～5h under 120～300 ℃, then remove acid catalyst, described xylogen quality is 5～50% of phenol quality;
(2) add alkaline catalysts and boron compound in step (1) gained reaction mixture, react 2～6h under 95～160 ℃, the mol ratio of described boron compound and described phenol is 1: 0.01～0.12;
(3) in step (2) gained reaction mixture, add aldehyde to carry out polycondensation.
Wherein, in described step (1), described xylogen quality optimization is 10～50% of phenol quality, more preferably 20～40%.
Wherein, in described step (2), the mol ratio of described boron compound and described phenol is preferably 1: 0.02～and 0.08.
Wherein, described phenol is preferably one or more in phenol, cresols, xylenol, nonylphenol, dihydroxyphenyl propane, Bisphenol F, Resorcinol, cardanol.
Wherein, described xylogen is one or more in sulfonated lignin, alkali lignin, acidolysis xylogen, high-boiling alcohol lignin.Xylogen is the complicated phenol polymer formed by four kinds of alcohol monomers (to tonquinol, lubanol, 5～hydroxyl lubanol, sinapyl alcohol).Wherein, sulfonated lignin claim again sulfonated lignin, are the byproducts of sulphite process papermaking wood pulp, are linear polymer; Alkali lignin is the xylogen extracted from plant tissue with alkali; High-boiling alcohol lignin is the xylogen extracted from plant by the high pure method of boiling; The acidolysis xylogen refers to the xylogen that acid system extracts, i.e. sour insoluble xylogen, as with the acid such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid from plant extracting and xylogen.
Wherein, described acid catalyst quality is 1～5% of phenol quality; Described acid catalyst is preferably one or more in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, tosic acid, thionamic acid.
Wherein, the quality of described alkaline catalysts is 0.5～5% of phenol quality, and described alkaline catalysts is preferably one or more in sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, hydrated barta, sodium carbonate, ammoniacal liquor.
Wherein, described boron compound is one or more in borate, metaborate; Be preferably borax.
Wherein, the mol ratio of described phenol and described aldehyde is 1: 1.0～2.0, be preferably 1: 1.2～and 1.6; Described aldehyde is preferably one or more in formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, butyraldehyde, paraformaldehyde, trioxymethylene.
Wherein, the method that removes acid catalyst in step (1) is a kind of in following two kinds of methods: the lower boiling acid catalyst of (one) high temperature removal; (2) remove high boiling acid catalyst with one or more in hydrated barta, calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, aluminum oxide.
Wherein, in described step (2), after adding alkaline catalysts and boron compound, first under 95～105 ℃, react 1～3h, then under 140～160 ℃, react 1～3h.
Wherein, in described step (3), the temperature of polycondensation is 70～85 ℃, and the reaction times is 2～4h.
Preparation method's of the present invention principal reaction process following (take phenol as example):
The first step: phenol and a small amount of xylogen are reacted, and remove after acid catalyst the two kinds of monomers of phenol (structural formula A) that obtain phenol and be connected with xylogen.
Second step: add a small amount of boron compound in the mix monomer of the first step gained, obtain the boron compound shown in structural formula B, and a small amount of remaining phenol and the phenol that is connected with xylogen.In structural formula B, R
1, R
2, R
3can be hydrogen or xylogen substituted radical independently.
The 3rd step: the mixture that second step obtains is reacted with aldehyde, and polycondensation is carried out in ortho position and/or the contraposition of the hydroxyl of aldehyde and above-mentioned phenol and the ester group (being connected with boron) of boron compound shown in structural formula B, obtains the resol after modification.The present invention also provides the above technical scheme any one thermoset phenolic resin that described preparation method prepares.
(3) beneficial effect
In preparation method provided by the invention, by the common modification of xylogen and boron compound, improved the deficiency of existing resol aspect of performance.Introduce low-molecular weight lignin in resol structure provided by the invention, can effectively improve fragility and the stability of resol; Also introduce boron compound in resol structure provided by the invention, can effectively improve the rub resistance of resol, anti-cutting, high temperature resistance ablation, water repelling property etc.In addition, adopt the modified thermoset type resol yield that preparation method of the present invention obtains to improve 5～30%, simultaneously, the introducing of xylogen and boron compound also decrease the cost of resin.
Embodiment
Following examples are used for the present invention is described, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
In following examples, xylogen used is alkali lignin, and water ratio is about 95.8%, by Shengquan Group Co. Ltd., Jinan, is produced.
Embodiment 1
900g phenol is dropped in autoclave, under whipped state, add the hydrochloric acid soln that the 25g massfraction is 37%, add the 200g alkali lignin after mixing, be warming up to 180 ℃ of pressurize reaction 2h.
React complete, 120 ℃ of lower normal pressure isothermal reaction 2h remove hydrochloric acid; Drop into borax 150g, sodium hydroxide 15g, be heated to 100 ℃, reaction 1h, then be warming up to 150 ℃ of reaction 1.5h.
After completion of the reaction, be cooled to 75 ℃, drip the formaldehyde solution 1000g that massfraction is 37% at this temperature, after dropwising, isothermal reaction 2.5h.Be evacuated to-0.098MPa, dehydration, to required solid content, makes the thermoset phenolic resin product of modification.
The modified phenolic resin fat indicators: it is 730mPas that rotational viscosimeter records 25 ℃ of lower viscosity, it is 547 that gel chromatography records molecular weight (Mw), it is 12.89% that vapor phase process records free phenol, it is 0.77% that hydroxyamine hydrochloride records content of free aldehyde, 800 ℃ of carbon residue rates are that 46.37%, 135 ℃ of solid content is 75.46%.
Embodiment 2
600g phenol is dropped in autoclave, under whipped state, add the 9g tosic acid, add the 150g alkali lignin after mixing, be warming up to 200 ℃ of pressurize reaction 2.5h.
React complete, add in hydrated barta 4.48g and tosic acid; Drop into borax 110g, sodium hydroxide 12g, be heated to 100 ℃, reaction 1h, then be warming up to 150 ℃ of reaction 1.5h.
After completion of the reaction, be cooled to 75 ℃, drip the formaldehyde 600g that massfraction is 37% at this temperature; After dropwising, isothermal reaction 2.5h.Be evacuated to-0.098MPa, dehydration, to required solid content, makes the thermoset phenolic resin product of modification.
The modified phenolic resin fat indicators: it is 770mPas that rotational viscosimeter records 25 ℃ of lower viscosity, it is 566 that gel chromatography records molecular weight (Mw), it is 11.54% that vapor phase process records free phenol, it is 0.52% that hydroxyamine hydrochloride records content of free aldehyde, 800 ℃ of carbon residue rates are that 45.71%, 135 ℃ of solid content is 74.29%.
Embodiment 3
1500g phenol is dropped in autoclave, under whipped state, add the strong phosphoric acid that the 17.65g massfraction is 85%, add the 300g alkali lignin after mixing, be warming up to 160 ℃ of pressurize reaction 3h.
React complete, add hydrated barta 72.3g neutralising phosphoric acid; Drop into borax 380g, hydrated barta 55g, be heated to 100 ℃, reaction 1h, then be warming up to 150 ℃ of reaction 2h.
After completion of the reaction, be cooled to 75 ℃, drip the formaldehyde 1800g that massfraction is 37% at this temperature; After dropwising, isothermal reaction 2h.Be evacuated to-0.098MPa, dehydration, to required solid content, makes the thermoset phenolic resin product of modification.
The modified phenolic resin fat indicators: it is 760mPas that rotational viscosimeter records 25 ℃ of lower viscosity, it is 605 that gel chromatography records molecular weight (Mw), it is 11.72% that vapor phase process records free phenol, it is 0.94% that hydroxyamine hydrochloride records content of free aldehyde, 800 ℃ of carbon residue rates are that 45.26%, 135 ℃ of solid content is 72.96%.
Embodiment 4
800g phenol is dropped in autoclave, under whipped state, add the vitriol oil that the 8.16g massfraction is 98%, add the 320g xylogen after mixing, be warming up to 160 ℃ of pressurize reaction 2h.
React complete, add hydrated barta 14g neutralisation of sulphuric acid; Drop into borax 80g, sodium hydroxide 16g, be heated to 100 ℃, reaction 1h, be warming up to 150 ℃ of reaction 2.5h.
After completion of the reaction, be cooled to 75 ℃, drip the formaldehyde 830g that massfraction is 37% at this temperature; After dropwising, isothermal reaction 2.5h.Be evacuated to-0.098MPa, dehydration, to required solid content, makes the thermoset phenolic resin product of modification.
The modified phenolic resin fat indicators: it is 710mPas that rotational viscosimeter records 25 ℃ of lower viscosity, it is 578 that gel chromatography records molecular weight (Mw), it is 10.94% that vapor phase process records free phenol, it is 0.46% that hydroxyamine hydrochloride records content of free aldehyde, 800 ℃ of carbon residue rates are that 46.03%, 135 ℃ of solid content is 71.63%.
The thermoset phenolic resin made by embodiment 1～4 is done 405 * 3.2 * 32mm section with thermoplastic resin PF-2801, with the 32mm six-edged steel, does 10 cutter cutting experiments, obtains cutting efficiency, cutting is more as shown in table 1 than parameter.
The thermoset phenolic resin made by embodiment 1～4 is done 180 * 6 * 22mm section with thermoplastic resin PF-2801, does the 5min grinding experiment, obtains grinding efficiency, the grinding ratio parameter is as shown in table 1.
The performance test results of the modified resin that table 1 embodiment 1～4 makes
By above-mentioned experimental result, can be found out, the modified phenolic resins carbon residue rate that the present invention makes is higher, and intensity is high, and cutting efficiency is higher, and cutting is than large.The resin better mechanical property that the present invention makes, and owing to having added a large amount of low price xylogen, the resin cost advantage is obvious.
Although, above used general explanation, embodiment and test, the present invention is described in detail, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, and this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method of a thermoset phenolic resin, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) phenol, acid catalyst and xylogen are mixed, react 1～5h under 120～300 ℃, then remove acid catalyst, described xylogen quality is 5～50% of phenol quality;
(2) add alkaline catalysts and boron compound in step (1) gained reaction mixture, react 2～6h under 95～160 ℃, the mol ratio of described boron compound and described phenol is 1: 0.01～0.12;
(3) in step (2) gained reaction mixture, add aldehyde to carry out polycondensation.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described phenol is one or more in phenol, cresols, xylenol, nonylphenol, dihydroxyphenyl propane, Bisphenol F, Resorcinol, cardanol.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described xylogen is one or more in sulfonated lignin, alkali lignin, acidolysis xylogen, high-boiling alcohol lignin.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described acid catalyst quality is 1～5% of phenol quality; Described acid catalyst is preferably one or more in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, tosic acid, thionamic acid.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the quality of described alkaline catalysts is 0.5～5% of phenol quality, and described alkaline catalysts is preferably one or more in sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, hydrated barta, sodium carbonate, ammoniacal liquor.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described boron compound is one or more in borate, metaborate; Be preferably borax.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the mol ratio of described phenol and described aldehyde is 1: 1.0～2.0, be preferably 1: 1.2～and 1.6; Described aldehyde is preferably one or more in formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, butyraldehyde, paraformaldehyde, trioxymethylene.
8. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (2), after adding alkaline catalysts and boron compound, first under 95～105 ℃, reacts 1～3h, then under 140～160 ℃, reacts 1～3h.
9. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (3), the temperature of polycondensation is 70～85 ℃, and the reaction times is 2～4h.
10. the thermoset phenolic resin that the described preparation method of claim 1～9 any one prepares.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN105348459A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-02-24 | 彤程化学（中国）有限公司 | Rosin-modified resorcinol formaldehyde resin and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106903262A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-06-30 | 太尔化工（南京）有限公司 | Casting cold-box process rapid curing core sand bonds phenolic resin and prepares and application detection |
| CN106977210A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-07-25 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | A kind of highly thermally conductive microwave attenuation ceramic material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107428946A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2017-12-01 | 斯道拉恩索公司 | Activated wooden promotor composition, for its manufacture method with and application thereof |
| CN110918868A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-03-27 | 四川东树新材料有限公司 | Ester-cured phenolic resin for large-scale casting and molding and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107428946A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2017-12-01 | 斯道拉恩索公司 | Activated wooden promotor composition, for its manufacture method with and application thereof |
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| CN106977210A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-07-25 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | A kind of highly thermally conductive microwave attenuation ceramic material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110918868A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-03-27 | 四川东树新材料有限公司 | Ester-cured phenolic resin for large-scale casting and molding and preparation method thereof |
| CN110918868B (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-11-06 | 四川东树新材料有限公司 | Ester-cured phenolic resin for large-scale casting and molding and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20131225 |