CN103467495A - Method for preparing cefixime compound - Google Patents
Method for preparing cefixime compound Download PDFInfo
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- CN103467495A CN103467495A CN2013104537393A CN201310453739A CN103467495A CN 103467495 A CN103467495 A CN 103467495A CN 2013104537393 A CN2013104537393 A CN 2013104537393A CN 201310453739 A CN201310453739 A CN 201310453739A CN 103467495 A CN103467495 A CN 103467495A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing a cefixime compound. According to the method for preparing the cefixime compound, 7-AVCA is used as a raw material, cefixime methyl ester is obtained through action of the 7-AVCA and MICA active ester by means of an acylation reaction on 7-amno of the 7-AVCA, the cefixime methyl ester is not separated, inorganic base hydrolysis and a refining reaction are directly conducted on the cefixime methy ester, and therefore cefixime is obtained. The method for preparing the cefixime compound has the advantages that original expensive reagents such as tetrahydrofuran difficult to recycle are replaced by an organic solvent, the organic solvent and water are immiscible, the reaction solvent is easy to recycle and reuse, the pollution to the environment is reduced, and the production cost is reduced; acylation and hydrolysis are integrated, operation is simplified, the production period is shortened, the yield and the purity are improved, and large-scale industrial production is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medicine synthesis technique, particularly a kind of preparation method of cefixime compound.
Background technology
Cefixime Micronized is third generation oral cephalosporin, develop first listing by Japanese Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, and ratified by U.S. FDA in 1987, in 80 multinational families, obtain clinical application widely at present, be mainly used in respiratory tract infection due to sensitive organism, urinary tract infections, meningitis, Respiratory infections, biliary tract infection, pyelonephritis etc.The cefixime compound has a broad antifungal spectrum, have good anti-microbial activity to most enterobacteriaceae lactobacteriaceaes such as micrococcus scarlatinae, streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus agalactiae, gonococcus, hemophilus influenza, mora catarrh bacterium and intestinal bacteria, pneumobacilluses.Production technique commonly used is to carry out acylation reaction with 7-amino-3-vinyl-Cephalosporanic acid (7-AVCA) and cefixime side chain active ester to obtain intermediate Cefixime Micronized methyl esters, and further hydrolysis, crystallization obtain the Cefixime Micronized product.
Cefixime Micronized, chemistry (6R, 7R)-7[(Z by name)-2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-(carboxymethoxyl imines) acetamido]-8-oxo-3-ethene-5-thia-1-azabicyclo (4,2,0) oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid trihydrate, molecular formula: C
16h
15n
5o
7s
23H
2o, molecular weight: 507.50, structural formula is:
The preparation method of current bibliographical information Cefixime Micronized, step is as follows:
1) Cefixime Micronized methyl esters preparation
(Z)-2-(thiazolamine-4-yl)-2-methoxycarbonyl methoxyimino acetic acid (MICA) or (Z)-2-(thiazolamine-4-yl)-2-tree butoxy carbonyl methoxyimino acetic acid (BPTA) of take is raw material, prepare its corresponding MEAM, described active ester and 7-amino-3-vinyl-Cephalosporanic acid (7-AVCA) carries out synthetic Cefixime Micronized methyl esters (MFCEF) aqueous solution of acylation reaction in tetrahydrofuran (THF), then by ethyl acetate, extract, water layer goes out MFCEF with acid crystal, centrifugal, the washing filter cake, dry, make Cefixime Micronized methyl esters (MFCEF) crystal,
2) preparation of Cefixime Micronized
Cefixime Micronized methyl esters (MFCEF) crystal is dissolved in to acetone and NaHCO
3in solution, below 0 ℃, with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, be hydrolyzed and obtaining the Cefixime Micronized crude product, being adjusted to pH with acid is 5.0, and adding after activated carbon decolorizing is 2.5 crystallizations being adjusted to pH, and filtration drying, make Cefixime Micronized.
From above-mentioned preparation method: this technique has been used tetrahydrofuran (THF), the expensive and difficult recovery of solvent, and Cefixime Micronized methyl esters (MFCEF) through crystallization, centrifugal after mother liquor can take away partial material, affect yield; Can generate the by product 2-mercaptobenzothiazole during synthetic Cefixime Micronized methyl esters (MFCEF), this by product has solvability preferably in tetrahydrofuran (THF), during extraction, can be partially soluble in water, has a certain impact to the yield of latter products and the quality of finished product; This technological reaction condition harshness in addition, long reaction time, be unfavorable for that continuity, extensive technique words produce.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for above-mentioned existing problems, a kind of preparation method of cefixime compound is provided, this preparation method's technique is simple, easy to implement and the reaction times is short, and productive rate is high, the Cefixime Micronized crystal mass stable and action solvent is easy to reclaim, and is conducive to extensive, suitability for industrialized production.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
A kind of preparation method of cefixime compound; the 7-AVCA (7-AVCA) of take is raw material; obtain the Cefixime Micronized methyl esters by acylation reaction and (Z)-2-(thiazolamine-4-yl)-2-methoxycarbonyl methoxyimino acetic acid (MICA) active ester effect on its 7-bit amino; the Cefixime Micronized methyl esters is without separation; directly with mineral alkali hydrolysis, refining reaction, obtain Cefixime Micronized, step is as follows:
1) 7-AVCA (7-AVCA) is mixed with (Z)-2-(thiazolamine-4-yl)-2-methoxycarbonyl methoxyimino acetic acid (MICA) active ester, then add in the mixed solvent of organic solvent a and pure water, with the organic bases adjust pH, be 7.0-9.5, carry out acylation reaction in-10 ℃ to 40 ℃ under stirring, reaction times is 3-7 hour, makes the Cefixime Micronized methyl ester solution;
2) above-mentioned Cefixime Micronized methyl ester solution is extracted with pure water, add gac, vat powder and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) (EDTA) in water and stir and decoloured, bleaching time is 0.15-1 hour, filters and obtains the Cefixime Micronized methyl esters aqueous solution;
3) add organic solvent b in the above-mentioned Cefixime Micronized methyl esters aqueous solution and add fast the inorganic alkali solution reaction that is hydrolyzed at-10 ℃ to 30 ℃ temperature, hydrolysis time 5-30 minute, add again the hydrochloric acid soln crystallization that concentration is 1-10mol/L, regulate pH to 4-6, add gac and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) decolouring, after filtration, filtrate is adjusted to pH2.0-3.5 growing the grain 2-4h with hydrochloric acid, after filtration, washing, drying, can makes cefixime compound.
7-AVCA in described step 1) (7-AVCA) is 1:1.5-3 with the weight ratio of (Z)-2-(thiazolamine-4-yl)-2-methoxycarbonyl methoxyimino acetic acid (MICA) active ester.
The mixture that in described step 1), organic solvent a is one or more arbitrary proportions in methylene dichloride, chloroform, tetracol phenixin, ethyl acetate, toluene and dimethylbenzene; The mixture that organic bases is one or more arbitrary proportions in triethylamine, Trimethylamine 99, quadrol, pentanoic, hexahydroaniline and piperidines, in mixed solvent, the volume ratio of organic solvent a and pure water is 1-30:30:1.
Described step 2) in gac, vat powder and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) (EDTA) add the 0.1-10wt% that total amount is 7-AVCA (7-AVCA) charging capacity, wherein the mass ratio of gac, vat powder and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) is 2-10:1:1.
The mixture that in described step 3), organic solvent b is one or more arbitrary proportions in acetone, methyl alcohol, ethanol, Virahol, the mass ratio of organic solvent b and 7-AVCA (7-AVCA) is 1:0.5-1.
The mixture that in described step 3), mineral alkali is one or more arbitrary proportions in sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, inorganic alkali solution concentration is 5-30wt%, and the mol ratio of mineral alkali and 7-AVCA (7-AVCA) is 0.25-2:1.
In described step 3) gac, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) add the 0.1-10wt% that total amount is 7-AVCA (7-AVCA) charging capacity, wherein the mass ratio of gac and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) is 2-10:1.
This preparation method's synthetic route is as follows:
Advantage of the present invention is: the immiscible organic solvent of employing of the present invention and water substitutes the expensive reagent of the difficult recovery such as original tetrahydrofuran (THF), solved the recovery problem of mercaptobenzothiazole, and the easy recovery of reaction solvent, reduced the pollution to environment, reduced production cost; Add pure water in the acylation reaction process, the Cefixime Micronized methyl esters that is conducive to generate is distributed in water, promotes the reaction positive dirction to carry out, thereby has improved product yield; The present invention unites two into one acidylate and hydrolysis; without isolating the Cefixime Micronized methyl esters; simplify operation, shortened the production cycle; yield and purity (molar yield 85-92%) have been improved simultaneously; solve the problems such as in existing preparation technology, the solvent difficulty reclaims, yield is low, quality is unstable, be conducive to extensive, suitability for industrialized production.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The one dimension hydrogen nuclear magnetic spectrum of the cefixime compound that Fig. 1 is embodiment 1 preparation.
The one dimension carbon nuclear magnetic spectrum of the cefixime compound that Fig. 2 is embodiment 1 preparation.
The mass-spectrogram of the cefixime compound that Fig. 3 is embodiment 1 preparation.
concrete enforcement
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, but embodiment does not limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of preparation method of cefixime compound, step is as follows:
1) in middle 1000mL four-hole bottle, add methylene dichloride 300mL, ethanol 45mL, pure water 15mL, stirring is cooled to 0-2 ℃, add 7-AVCA 50g, MICA active ester 100g, slowly dripping triethylamine 25g under 5 ℃ approximately needs, with 0.5 hour, to dropwise and be warming up to 5-10 ℃, react with this understanding 5 hours, pH is controlled at 7.5-8.0, and stopped reaction during with 7-AVCA in HPLC detection reaction liquid<0.5wt%, make the Cefixime Micronized methyl ester solution.
2) add purified water 150mL in above-mentioned Cefixime Micronized methyl ester solution, stir 10 minutes, the standing water that separates, organic phase extracts twice with the 150mL pure water again, merges water, add 1g vat powder, 1g ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and 5g gac, under room temperature, decolouring is 30 minutes, filters 15mL pure water washing for filter cake, merging filtrate and washing lotion, obtain the Cefixime Micronized methyl esters aqueous solution.
3) add 25mL acetone in the above-mentioned Cefixime Micronized methyl esters aqueous solution and be cooled to below 0 ℃, the disposable sodium hydroxide solution 45g that adds 30wt%, rapid stirring below 0 ℃ 5 minutes, stopped reaction during with Cefixime Micronized methyl esters in HPLC detection reaction liquid<0.5 wt %; The disposable 6mol/L hydrochloric acid 25mL that adds, adjust pH is 5.0-5.5; Add 5g gac and 1g ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) to stir 30 minutes, filter, then use 50mL pure water washing leaching cake, merging filtrate and washing lotion, be warming up to 33-35 ℃, with 3mol/L hydrochloric acid, is adjusted to pH3.0, and the solution crystallize out stirs and is cooled to 5 ℃, growing the grain 2 hours; Centrifuging, by 100mL50wt% aqueous acetone solution washed twice, in 40-42 ℃ of vacuum-drying to moisture 10-12wt%, obtain the off-white color crystal and be cefixime compound, product 102g, yield 90.2%.
The constitutional features of this Cefixime Micronized:
1h NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d
6):
δ(9.568 d, 1H, J=8Hz, A), 7.255 (s, 2H, B), 6.916 (q, 1H, J1=11.2Hz, J2=17.2Hz, C), 6.816 (s, 1H, D), 5.788 (q, 1H, J1=4.8Hz, J2=8.4Hz, E), 5.595 (d, 1H, J=17.6Hz, F), 5.323 (d, 1H, J=11.6Hz, G), 5.209 (d, 1H, J=4.8Hz, J), 4.602 (s, 2H, K), (3.837 d, 1H, J=17.6Hz, L), (3.578 d, 1H, J=17.6Hz, M).
Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are respectively hydrogen nuclear magnetic spectrogram, carbon nuclear magnetic spectrogram and the mass spectrum of Cefixime Micronized prepared by this example, and equal surface in figure: the cefixime compound made is fully corresponding with Cefixime Micronized standard substance spectrogram, can confirm the structure of target compound.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of preparation method's step of cefixime compound is as follows:
1) in the 1000mL four-hole bottle, add trichloromethane 350mL, methyl alcohol 60mL, pure water 25mL, stirring is cooled to 0-5 ℃, add 7-AVCA 50g, MICA active ester 120g, at 5 ℃, slowly drip triethylamine 28g approximately 1 hour, dropwise and be warming up to 8-12 ℃, react with this understanding 5.5 hours, pH is controlled at 7.5-8.0, with 7-AVCA<0.5% stopped reaction in HPLC detection reaction liquid, makes the Cefixime Micronized methyl ester solution.
2) add purified water 200mL in above-mentioned Cefixime Micronized methyl ester solution, stir 10 minutes, the standing water that separates.Organic phase extracts twice with the 100mL pure water again, merges water, adds 0.5g vat powder and 0.5g ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), 2.5g gac room temperature decolouring 30 minutes, filter, 10mL pure water washing for filter cake, merging filtrate and washing lotion, obtain the Cefixime Micronized methyl esters aqueous solution.
3) add 50mL methyl alcohol in the above-mentioned Cefixime Micronized methyl esters aqueous solution and be cooled to below 0 ℃, the disposable sodium hydroxide solution 60g that adds 25 wt %, rapid stirring below 0 ℃ 10 minutes, stopped reaction during with Cefixime Micronized methyl esters in HPLC detection reaction liquid<0.5 wt %.The disposable 6mol/L hydrochloric acid 30mL that adds, adjust pH is 4.5-5.0.Add 2.5g gac and 0.5g ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA).Stir 30 minutes, filter, then use 50mL pure water washing leaching cake, merging filtrate and washing lotion, be warming up to 33-35 ℃, with 3mol/L hydrochloric acid, is adjusted to pH2.5, and the solution crystallize out stirs and is cooled to 5 ℃, growing the grain 3 hours.Centrifuging, by 50mL50% methanol aqueous solution washed twice, in 50-52 ℃ of vacuum-drying, to moisture 10-12 wt %, obtain the off-white color crystal and be cefixime compound, product 98.2g, yield 87.6%.
The hydrogen nuclear magnetic spectrogram of Cefixime Micronized prepared by this embodiment, carbon nuclear magnetic spectrogram and mass spectrum and embodiment 1 are basically identical.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of preparation method of cefixime compound, step is as follows:
1) in the 1000mL four-hole bottle, add ethyl acetate 300mL, methyl alcohol 50mL, pure water 30mL, stirring is cooled to 5-8 ℃, add 7-AVCA 50g, MICA active ester 125g, at 5 ℃, slowly drip hexahydroaniline 25g approximately 0.5 hour, dropwise and be warming up to 10-15 ℃, react with this understanding 6 hours, pH is controlled at 8.0-8.5, with 7-AVCA<0.5% stopped reaction in HPLC detection reaction liquid, makes the Cefixime Micronized methyl ester solution.
2) reaction adds purified water 150mL after finishing, and stirs the standing water that separates 10 minutes.Organic phase extracts twice with the 150mL pure water again, merges water, adds 1.5g vat powder and 1.5g ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), 5g gac room temperature decolouring 30 minutes, filter, 10mL pure water washing for filter cake, merging filtrate and washing lotion, obtain the Cefixime Micronized methyl esters aqueous solution.
3) add 30mL ethanol in the above-mentioned Cefixime Micronized methyl esters aqueous solution and be cooled to below-10 ℃, the disposable potassium hydroxide solution 50g that adds 30 wt %, rapid stirring below-10 ℃ 5 minutes, stopped reaction during with Cefixime Micronized methyl esters in HPLC detection reaction liquid<0.5 wt %.The disposable 6mol/L hydrochloric acid 25mL that adds, adjust pH is 5.5-6.0.Add 5g gac and 1.5g ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) to stir 30 minutes, filter, then use 50mL pure water washing leaching cake, merging filtrate and washing lotion, be warming up to 33-35 ℃, with 3mol/L hydrochloric acid, is adjusted to pH3.0, and the solution crystallize out stirs and is cooled to 10 ℃, growing the grain 2 hours.Centrifuging, with 50mL50% aqueous ethanolic solution washing twice, in 45-50 ℃ of vacuum-drying, to moisture 10-12 wt %, obtain the off-white color crystal and be cefixime compound, product 99.7g, yield 88.9%.
The hydrogen nuclear magnetic spectrogram of Cefixime Micronized prepared by this embodiment, carbon nuclear magnetic spectrogram and mass spectrum and embodiment 1 are basically identical.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of preparation method of cefixime compound, step is as follows:
1) in the 1000mL four-hole bottle, add methylene dichloride 300mL, acetone 20mL, pure water 20mL, be cooled to-5-0 ℃ of stirring, add 7-AVCA 50g, MICA active ester 100g, at 0 ℃, slowly drip Trimethylamine 99 20g approximately 0.5 hour, dropwise and be warming up to 0-5 ℃, react with this understanding 7 hours, pH is controlled at 7.5-8.0, with 7-AVCA<0.5% stopped reaction in HPLC detection reaction liquid, makes the Cefixime Micronized methyl ester solution.
2) reaction adds purified water 200mL after finishing, and stirs the standing water that separates 10 minutes.Organic phase extracts twice with the 100mL pure water again, merges water, adds 0.5g vat powder and 0.5g ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), 5g gac room temperature decolouring 30 minutes, filter, 15mL pure water washing for filter cake, merging filtrate and washing lotion, obtain the Cefixime Micronized methyl esters aqueous solution.
3) add 25mL acetone in the above-mentioned Cefixime Micronized methyl esters aqueous solution and be cooled to below 0 ℃, the disposable sodium hydrogen carbonate solution 90g that adds 15 wt %, rapid stirring below 0 ℃ 20 minutes, stopped reaction during with Cefixime Micronized methyl esters in HPLC detection reaction liquid<0.5 wt %.The disposable 6mol/L hydrochloric acid 40mL that adds, adjust pH is 5.0-5.5.Add 5g gac and 0.5g ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) to stir 30 minutes, filter, then use 50mL pure water washing leaching cake, merging filtrate and washing lotion, be warming up to 33-35 ℃, with 3mol/L hydrochloric acid, is adjusted to pH2.3, and the solution crystallize out stirs and is cooled to 0 ℃, growing the grain 2 hours.Centrifuging, by 50mL50% aqueous acetone solution washed twice, in 40-42 ℃ of vacuum-drying, to moisture 10-12 wt%, obtain the off-white color crystal and be cefixime compound, product 96.9g, yield 86.4%.
The hydrogen nuclear magnetic spectrogram of Cefixime Micronized prepared by this embodiment, carbon nuclear magnetic spectrogram and mass spectrum and embodiment 1 are basically identical.
Claims (7)
1. the preparation method of a cefixime compound; it is characterized in that: the 7-AVCA (7-AVCA) of take is raw material; obtain the Cefixime Micronized methyl esters by acylation reaction and (Z)-2-(thiazolamine-4-yl)-2-methoxycarbonyl methoxyimino acetic acid (MICA) active ester effect on its 7-bit amino; the Cefixime Micronized methyl esters is without separation; directly with mineral alkali hydrolysis, refining reaction, obtain Cefixime Micronized, step is as follows:
1) 7-AVCA (7-AVCA) is mixed with (Z)-2-(thiazolamine-4-yl)-2-methoxycarbonyl methoxyimino acetic acid (MICA) active ester, then add in the mixed solvent of organic solvent a that volume ratio is 1-30:30:1 and pure water, with the organic bases adjust pH, be 7.0-9.5, carry out acylation reaction in-10 ℃ to 40 ℃ under stirring, reaction times is 3-7 hour, makes the Cefixime Micronized methyl ester solution;
2) above-mentioned Cefixime Micronized methyl ester solution is extracted with pure water, add gac, vat powder and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) (EDTA) in water and stir and decoloured, bleaching time is 0.15-1 hour, filters and obtains the Cefixime Micronized methyl esters aqueous solution;
3) add organic solvent b in the above-mentioned Cefixime Micronized methyl esters aqueous solution and add fast the inorganic alkali solution reaction that is hydrolyzed at-10 ℃ to 30 ℃ temperature, hydrolysis time 5-30 minute, add again the hydrochloric acid soln crystallization that concentration is 1-10mol/L, regulate pH to 4-6, add gac and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) decolouring, after filtration, filtrate is adjusted to pH2.0-3.5 growing the grain 2-4h with hydrochloric acid, after filtration, washing, drying, can makes cefixime compound.
2. the preparation method of cefixime compound according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: 7-AVCA in described step 1) (7-AVCA) is 1:1.5-3 with the weight ratio of (Z)-2-(thiazolamine-4-yl)-2-methoxycarbonyl methoxyimino acetic acid (MICA) active ester.
3. the preparation method of cefixime compound according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mixture that in described step 1), organic solvent a is one or more arbitrary proportions in methylene dichloride, chloroform, tetracol phenixin, ethyl acetate, toluene and dimethylbenzene; The mixture that organic bases is one or more arbitrary proportions in triethylamine, Trimethylamine 99, quadrol, pentanoic, hexahydroaniline and piperidines, in mixed solvent, the volume ratio of organic solvent a and pure water is 1-30:30:1.
4. the preparation method of cefixime compound according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step 2) gac, vat powder and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) (EDTA) add the 0.1-10wt% that total amount is 7-AVCA (7-AVCA) charging capacity, wherein the mass ratio of gac, vat powder and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) is 2-10:1:1.
5. the preparation method of cefixime compound according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the mixture that in described step 3), organic solvent b is one or more arbitrary proportions in acetone, methyl alcohol, ethanol, Virahol, the mass ratio of organic solvent b and 7-AVCA (7-AVCA) is 1:0.5-1.
6. the mixture that mineral alkali is one or more arbitrary proportions in sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, inorganic alkali solution concentration is 5-30wt%, and the mol ratio of mineral alkali and 7-AVCA (7-AVCA) is 0.25-2:1.
7. the preparation method of cefixime compound according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 3) gac, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) add the 0.1-10wt% that total amount is 7-AVCA (7-AVCA) charging capacity, wherein the mass ratio of gac and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) is 2-10:1.
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