CN103467048B - Artificial fish reef concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Artificial fish reef concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103467048B CN103467048B CN201310422908.7A CN201310422908A CN103467048B CN 103467048 B CN103467048 B CN 103467048B CN 201310422908 A CN201310422908 A CN 201310422908A CN 103467048 B CN103467048 B CN 103467048B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Artificial fish reef concrete and preparation method thereof, with cement, mixing water, fine aggregate, stone and admixture for preparation of raw material forms, wherein cement: mixing water: thin orthopaedics: the quality proportioning of stone is 1:(0.3 ~ 0.5): (1 ~ 1.8): (2.4 ~ 3.4), Artificial fish reef concrete is built form removal after 12 ~ 24 hours; Artificial fish reef concrete after form removal is carried out seawater maintenance 7 ~ 28 days.This Artificial fish reef concrete and preparation method thereof feature is to take quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement as gelling material, the Ca (OH) produced after this gelling material aquation
2few.This Artificial fish reef concrete adopts seawater maintenance, excellent performance, in natural marine site, its top layer is oozed out Pore Solution pH value and is close with seawater at short notice, be conducive to attachment and the breeding of the marine life such as marine alga, microorganism, there is excellent workability, high strength and increased durability simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the crossing domain of material of construction and oceanographic engineering, relate to a kind of Artificial fish reef concrete and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
21 century is " century of ocean ", and every country will rise to unprecedented strategic height "Oceanic" strategy development, and marine economy development will stand in a new historical starting point.While the development of quickening marine economy, the constraint of Offshore Ecology environment and resources also will face a difficult problem further.The system developing a kind of recovery to ocean environment and improvement has become requisite trend.Our times various countries have competitively carried out with the restoration of the ecosystem oceanographic engineering development project of sea ranch name.
In the several method of sea ranch, artificial marine habitat is three-dimensional use water body, and its effect is best, and it can improve fish and catch labor output.Artificial marine habitat marine ecology repair mechanisms are ingested to the restraining effect of red tide triggering factor by artificial marine habitat to the adsorption of algae, the filter food effect of fish shelter settled organism, Artificial Reef Area of Zhongshan City large number of biological, and reefs hinders the functions such as the organic release in seabed, reduce water body eutrophication degree, play the effectiveness purifying water and reduce red tide and occur.Build artificial marine habitat to the reparation of ecotope and improvement, protection and attracting, protection sandy beach, the development of leisure eco-tourism has great significance.
Due to the characteristic of concrete material itself, allow it have a series of advantage, can prepare the Artificial Fish reefs of different shapes specification, complex structure, good looking appearance, in the development of nearly decades, the use of concrete artificial reef is in rising trend.Within 2010,500 artificial marine habitat reefs have been thrown in Guangdong Zhu Zhou, horizontal state, and in launch process, eastern fisherman's declaration reef district difficult to understand is exactly " bank of fisherman ".
Artificial fish reef concrete will run into following problem in development from now on: the ordinary Portland cement pH value that (1) REINFORCED CONCRETE ARTIFICIAL fish shelter adopts is high, unfavorable algae attachment and growth, and its carbon emission amount is high.(2) in order to reduce transportation cost, artificial marine habitat should be built by the sea, but seashore fresh water and river sand resource scarcity.(3) salt corrosion and biological corrosion in ocean, causes concrete expansion deterioration and reinforcement corrosion, makes REINFORCED CONCRETE ARTIFICIAL fish shelter service life reduction.
The patent No. 200810241021 discloses low alkalinity gel material and the preparation method of the concrete artificial reef adopting flyash, blast-furnace slag, coal gangue, dihydrate gypsum, desulfurated plaster, ferric sulfate etc. to make for raw material in addition.The artificial marine habitat pH value that the method is made and seawater close, also can reach higher intensity.But stability under ocean environment of this kind of gelling material and weather resistance how unknown.
It take metallurgical slag as the artificial reef preparation of main raw material that the patent No. 200910076730 discloses a kind of, the method is to river sand sieve classification, sand particle diameter being less than 5mm prepares concrete with slag, slag, cement clinker by than row mix grinding, and after High Temperature Curing, obtain high-strength concrete artificial marine habitat.The artificial marine habitat pH value that the method is obtained and seawater close.But the method needs to adopt High Temperature Curing in preparation process, little actual in engineering construction, how also unknown its weather resistance is in addition.
This patent adopts quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement, rust inhibitor, extra large sand, seawater and stone etc. to be raw material, adopts seawater maintenance, makes the Artificial fish reef concrete with marine ecology with consistency.Adopt extra large sand, seawater as the starting material of Artificial fish reef concrete, adopt seawater maintenance, raw material sources is convenient, saves economical.Aluminosulfate cement production energy consumption is lower than silicate cement in addition, its CO
2quantity discharged is the half of silicate cement quantity discharged substantially, and its impermeability is more than 2 times of silicate cement, and alkalescence is low, and 28d oozes out value close to seawater at sea water immersion lower surface pH.This patent adopts its gelling material as Artificial fish reef concrete to have good weather resistance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to prepare artificial marine habitat with quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement, extra large sand, stone, seawater, admixture for raw material.Do not need to adopt ordinary Portland cement, reduce carbon emission amount; Adopt extra large sand, seawater to gather materials on the spot in addition, reduce costs, save the energy; The Artificial fish reef concrete prepared by the method can allow the pH value on concrete fish shelter surface reach the pH value of seawater at short notice, is conducive to hydrobiological attachment and growth, promotes marine ecology reparation.
The present invention adopts technical scheme to be: a kind of Artificial fish reef concrete, with cement, mixing water, fine aggregate, stone and admixture for preparation of raw material forms, wherein cement: mixing water: thin orthopaedics: the quality proportioning of stone is 1:(0.3 ~ 0.5): (1 ~ 1.8): (2.4 ~ 3.4).
Further, described cement is 42.5 quick hardening sulphoaluminate cements; Described fine aggregate is extra large sand; Described mixing water is seawater.
Further, described admixture comprises retardant, water reducer and trolamine.
Further, the content of described retardant is 0.2 ~ 0.4% of cement content; The content of described water reducer is 1 ~ 2% of cement content; The content of described trolamine is 1 ~ 2% of cement content.
Simultaneously, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of Artificial fish reef concrete, this Artificial fish reef concrete with cement, mixing water, fine aggregate, stone and admixture for preparation of raw material forms, wherein cement: mixing water: thin orthopaedics: the quality proportioning of stone is 1:(0.3 ~ 0.5): (1 ~ 1.8): (2.4 ~ 3.4); Artificial fish reef concrete is built form removal after 12 ~ 24 hours; Artificial fish reef concrete after form removal is carried out seawater maintenance 7 ~ 28 days.
Further, described cement is 42.5 quick hardening sulphoaluminate cements; Described fine aggregate is extra large sand; Described mixing water is seawater.
Further, described admixture comprises retardant, water reducer and trolamine.
Further, the content of described retardant is 0.2 ~ 0.4% of cement content; The content of described water reducer is 1 ~ 2% of cement content; The content of described trolamine is 1 ~ 2% of cement content.
Further, the described Artificial fish reef concrete time of building is 24 hours.
Further, the maintenance of described Artificial fish reef concrete seawater is 28 days.
Advantage of the present invention is as follows:
(1) adopt quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement to be gelling material, carbon emission amount reduces half than ordinary Portland cement, and cost is also low than ordinary Portland cement, it has early epistasis energy, when 3d, aquation reaches 80%, and hole is comparatively fine and close, is conducive to seawater maintenance; PH value is low, can improve the living environment of fish shelter periphery aquatic organism.
(2) use extra large sand and seawater to be conducive to gathering materials on the spot as raw-material mixture, save great amount of cost.
(3), after concrete test block form removal, adopt sea water immersion maintenance to replace fresh water maintenance, technique is simple, saves material cost and transportation cost, environmental protection.
(4) add trolamine rust inhibitor, adopt quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement, the corrosion of reinforcing bar can be delayed, improve the work-ing life of artificial marine habitat.
Embodiment
For making the object of invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below will be described in further detail the present invention by specific embodiment.
A kind of Artificial fish reef concrete, its with cement, mixing water, fine aggregate, stone and admixture for preparation of raw material forms, wherein cement: mixing water: thin orthopaedics: the quality proportioning of stone is 1:(0.3 ~ 0.5): (1 ~ 1.8): (2.4 ~ 3.4); Its preparation method is as follows: first by cement, fine aggregate, the dry mixing in stirrer of the molecular mixture of stone, then stirs in the mixture pouring dry mixing after admixture is dissolved in mixing water into; Artificial fish reef concrete after stirring is built; Form removal after the Artificial fish reef concrete time of building reaches 12 ~ 24 hours, and carry out seawater maintenance 7 ~ 28 days.
At the present embodiment, described Artificial fish reef concrete is built time priority and is selected 24 hours, and described Artificial fish reef concrete is built seawater maintenance and preferentially selected 28 days.
At the present embodiment, described cement is 42.5 quick hardening sulphoaluminate cements; Described fine aggregate is extra large sand; Described mixing water is seawater.
At the present embodiment, described admixture comprises retardant, water reducer and trolamine, and the content of described retardant is 0.2 ~ 0.4% of cement content; The content of described water reducer is 1 ~ 2% of cement content; The content of described trolamine is 1 ~ 2% of cement content.
In the present embodiment, ordinary Portland cement concrete group is as a comparison introduced.According to the requirement of artificial marine habitat ultimate compression strength, according to JGJ55-2011 " design of common concrete proportioning code " and practical experience, design concrete mix, in table 1.In table 1, the implication of numbering is: B represents normal curing, and H represents seawater maintenance; S represents employing quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement, and P represents employing ordinary Portland cement; 1 represents C30 concrete, and 2 represent C50 concrete.Admixture (retardant, water reducer, trolamine) volume is the mass percent of cement.
According to the proportioning of table 1 by the dry mixing lmin in stirrer of cement, fine aggregate, stone, admixture is first dissolved in mixing water and then pours in mixture (cement+fine aggregate+stone) and stir 3min.Carry out the slump and Slump Time losing of Large test according to GB/T50080-2002 " Standard for test methods of properties of ordinary concrete mixture standard " regulation afterwards, test result is in table 2.
As can be seen from Table 2, the slump of HS group Artificial fish reef concrete and Slump Time losing of Large all meet construction process requirement (slump-loss of 2h is no more than 20%), and adopt the BP group of identical proportioning to occur bleeding segregation phenomenon.
Concrete mix is poured into die trial, the demoulding after shaping 24h, respectively normal curing and seawater maintenance is carried out to test block.According to GB/T50081-2002 " standard for test methods of mechanical properties of ordinary concrete ", measure each assembly composition and division in a proportion at the ultimate compression strength of 3d, 7d, 28d and 28d tensile splitting strength; Adopt the displacement flux of ASTMC1202 to Artificial fish reef concrete 28d to measure, test result is in table 3 simultaneously.
As can be seen from Table 3, use the present invention can prepare the Artificial fish reef concrete that strength grade meets the demands.Compared with common Artificial fish reef concrete, Artificial fish reef concrete intensity prepared by the present invention is high, chloride ion permeability is low, impermeability is high, good endurance.
Adopt the original position Determination by Stripping pH value of the ASTMC311 concrete effective alkali improved, respectively the prefabricated mould being pre-charged with simulated seawater is put in the test block of normal curing and seawater maintenance 28d, make test specimen be fully immersed in seawater, the inside seawater adopts artificial seawater.For keeping the stable of ionic concn, every 24h changes once, all pours soak solution into clean test tube, then measure the pH value of leach liquor in test tube with pH meter when regulation detects the length of time.Record changes the changing conditions of test block pH of leaching solution in time.The Artificial fish reef concrete transudate pH value obtained is in table 4.
As can be seen from Table 4, for C30 concrete, the pH value 9.88 of the Artificial fish reef concrete of seawater maintenance 28d, is far smaller than 12.23 of BP group, and when 53d, pH value is constant in 8.3, substantially no longer declines, equal with the pH value of seawater, much smaller than 9.85 of BP group.For C50 concrete, the pH value 9.95 of the Artificial fish reef concrete of seawater maintenance 28d, is far smaller than 12.55 of BP group.When 53d, pH value is constant in about 8.33, substantially no longer declines, equal with the pH value of seawater, much smaller than 9.86 of BP group.Illustrate that Artificial fish reef concrete of the present invention at short notice, can be reduced to the pH value the same with seawater, thus be conducive to shellfish, shrimp, fish and algal grown.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, all equalizations done according to the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a preparation method for Artificial fish reef concrete, is characterized in that: cement, mixing water, fine aggregate, stone and admixture are mixed, and builds form removal after 12 ~ 24 hours, then carries out seawater maintenance 7 ~ 28 days;
Wherein cement: mixing water: thin orthopaedics: the quality proportioning of stone is 1:(0.3 ~ 0.5): (1 ~ 1.8): (2.4 ~ 3.4);
Described cement is 42.5 quick hardening sulphoaluminate cements, and described fine aggregate is extra large sand, and described mixing water is seawater;
Described admixture comprises retardant, water reducer and trolamine;
The content of described retardant is 0.2 ~ 0.4% of cement content, and the content of described water reducer is 1 ~ 2% of cement content, and the content of described trolamine is 1 ~ 2% of cement content.
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| CN104072029B (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2015-09-09 | 山东大学（威海） | A kind of take mudflat sludge as high-efficiency artificial algal reef of raw material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104396802A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2015-03-11 | 扬州大学 | Manufacturing method for constructing novel artificial fish reef by using low-carbon environment-friendly material |
| CN104529286A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-04-22 | 广东石油化工学院 | Novel concrete artificial fish reef and preparation method thereof |
| CN104938384A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-09-30 | 广东工业大学 | Bionic concrete artificial fish reef and preparation method thereof |
| CN105541236B (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2018-01-26 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 | A kind of seawater marine sand concrete |
| CN107698214A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-02-16 | 中国人民解放军后勤工程学院 | Possesses the non-golden underwater artificial marine habitat of muscle material of seawater sea sand of self-repair function |
| CN108249854B (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2020-07-07 | 同济大学 | Seawater-stirred fiber-reinforced cement-based ultra-high-ductility concrete and preparation thereof |
| CN107986650B (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2021-06-11 | 嘉华特种水泥股份有限公司 | Concrete cementing material |
| CN108503296A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-09-07 | 山东大学 | A kind of artificial algal reef and preparation method thereof for repairing Muddy Bottoms seabed |
| CN109469002B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2024-04-09 | 中国京冶工程技术有限公司 | Assembled artificial fish reef and preparation process thereof |
| CN110405918A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-11-05 | 中交上海航道局有限公司 | A kind of precasting process of concrete artificial reef body |
| CN110526669B (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2022-01-04 | 大连理工大学 | Durable ecological artificial fish reef based on magnesium phosphate cement concrete and manufacturing method thereof |
| WO2021109982A1 (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2021-06-10 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Concrete for inducing sessile organisms and promoting growth, oyster substrate and preparation method |
| CN115448654B (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2023-07-28 | 福州大学 | Plant-growing concrete for mangrove plant planting |
| CN115849838B (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-11-28 | 广州理工学院 | Low-alkali concrete and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1247172A (en) * | 1999-09-24 | 2000-03-15 | 清华大学 | Building material made up of powdered coal ash, sea sand and seawater |
| CN102875107A (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2013-01-16 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preparing ultralow cement artificial fishing reef concrete by waste concrete |
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| CN1247172A (en) * | 1999-09-24 | 2000-03-15 | 清华大学 | Building material made up of powdered coal ash, sea sand and seawater |
| CN102875107A (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2013-01-16 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preparing ultralow cement artificial fishing reef concrete by waste concrete |
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