CN103458424B - Based on the self-interference removing method that power detection and loop delay calculate - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种基于功率检测及环路延迟计算的自干扰消除方法，操作步骤如下：（1）测量自干扰环路的信道参数：发射一组训练序列信号，并使用公知的环路延迟算法测算该自干扰信号经过环路传输后所产生的时延，并在数字信号处理电路中计算出该自干扰信号接收与发射的功率变化；（2）消除通信过程中的自干扰：开始通信和发送数据时，根据步骤（1）自干扰环路信道的测量参数生成一组与发射的数据信号进行量化和延迟的相应对消信号，再利用该对消信号，在接收到自干扰信号到达数字信号处理电路时，使得对消信号与自干扰信号相减而在通信过程中消除自干扰信号。本发明特点是操作步骤非常简单，且算法简便，但是其数字自干扰的消除效果很好，值得推广应用。
A self-interference elimination method based on power detection and loop delay calculation, the operation steps are as follows: (1) Measure the channel parameters of the self-interference loop: transmit a set of training sequence signals, and use the known loop delay algorithm to measure the self-interference The time delay generated by the interference signal after loop transmission, and the power change of the received and transmitted self-interference signal is calculated in the digital signal processing circuit; (2) Eliminate self-interference in the communication process: when starting communication and sending data , according to the measurement parameters of the self-interference loop channel in step (1), generate a set of corresponding cancellation signals that are quantized and delayed with the transmitted data signal, and then use the cancellation signal to reach the digital signal processing circuit when the self-interference signal is received When , the cancellation signal is subtracted from the self-interference signal to eliminate the self-interference signal in the communication process. The invention is characterized in that the operation steps are very simple, and the algorithm is simple and convenient, but the elimination effect of the digital self-interference is very good, and it is worth popularizing and applying.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种通信系统的数字信号处理技术，确切的说，涉及一种基于功率检测及环路延迟计算的自干扰消除方法，属于无线通信技术的技术领域。The invention relates to a digital signal processing technology of a communication system, to be precise, to a self-interference elimination method based on power detection and loop delay calculation, and belongs to the technical field of wireless communication technology.
背景技术Background technique
目前的无线通信系统中，以双工方式区分有两种模式：频分双工（FDD）和时分双工（TDD），其中，同时同频全双工通信是近年来才开始研究的全新技术。它的发射和接收是使用同一频段，而且是同一时间进行收发操作，可以把资源非常紧缺的频谱利用率提高一倍，因此被广泛研究。In the current wireless communication system, there are two modes of duplexing: frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). Among them, full-duplex communication at the same frequency at the same time is a new technology that has only begun to be studied in recent years. . Its transmission and reception use the same frequency band, and the transmission and reception operations are performed at the same time, which can double the utilization rate of the spectrum where resources are very scarce, so it has been widely studied.
所谓同时同频要求该通信装置既是发射设备，也是接收设备，而且发射天线与接收天线距离比较近，所以本身发射的信号也会被自己的接收天线接收，成为“自干扰信号”，只有消除自干扰信号才能接收远处设备发来的信号。举例说明，以发射功率为0dBm来说，本方发射与接收天线间距20cm，距对方发射机10m远。本方接收到的自干扰信号是-20dBm，而接收到的对方信号是-50dBm。以解调信噪比要求为16dB为基准，则至少要将本方的自干扰信号从-20dBm降低至-66dBm；即要消除干扰46dB。若要实现更远距离的传输，就要更多地降低自干扰信号。The so-called simultaneous and same frequency requires that the communication device is both a transmitting device and a receiving device, and the distance between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is relatively close, so the signal transmitted by itself will also be received by its own receiving antenna and become a "self-interference signal". In order to receive the signal from the distant device, the interference signal can be received. For example, if the transmission power is 0dBm, the distance between the transmitting and receiving antennas of the local party is 20cm, and the distance between the transmitting and receiving antennas is 10m. The self-interference signal received by this party is -20dBm, while the received signal of the other party is -50dBm. Based on the demodulation signal-to-noise ratio requirement of 16dB, at least the self-interference signal of the local side must be reduced from -20dBm to -66dBm; that is, 46dB of interference must be eliminated. To achieve longer distance transmission, it is necessary to reduce the self-interference signal more.
目前，一些论文中介绍的同时同频全双工通信自干扰消除技术，若按干扰消除时的频率来划分的话，可分为射频自干扰消除和数字自干扰消除。At present, the simultaneous same-frequency full-duplex communication self-interference cancellation technology introduced in some papers can be divided into radio frequency self-interference cancellation and digital self-interference cancellation if divided according to the frequency of interference cancellation.
射频自干扰消除是在发射天线之前，耦合一部分发射信号，再使用一些器件对其相位和幅度进行调整，然后与接收天线信号进行叠加，在射频低噪声放大器前端消除自干扰信号。Radio frequency self-interference cancellation is to couple a part of the transmitted signal before the transmitting antenna, and then use some devices to adjust its phase and amplitude, and then superimpose it with the receiving antenna signal, and eliminate the self-interference signal at the front end of the radio frequency low noise amplifier.
数字自干扰消除是在模拟/数字采样后，在基带信号的数字域里再进行一次自干扰消除。然而，数字自干扰消除方法是有所不同的。目前一些论文中使用的是采用编码方法将本方发送的数据和对方发送的数据区分开来。一些论文中显示，其消除自干扰的效果只有4～6dB，说明还是会有很多的自干扰信号被接收机接收。The digital self-interference cancellation is to perform another self-interference cancellation in the digital domain of the baseband signal after the analog/digital sampling. However, the digital self-interference cancellation method is different. At present, some papers use encoding methods to distinguish the data sent by the party from the data sent by the other party. Some papers show that the effect of eliminating self-interference is only 4-6dB, indicating that there will still be a lot of self-interference signals received by the receiver.
另外还有一种使用信道估计的方法：使用信道估计理论，对接收到的自干扰信号进行信道估计，先估算出其经过空间传播后的情况，然后使用自适应滤波器在数字域进行消除。它在干扰消除的效果上可以达到20dB。但是，因其使用的信道估计和数字滤波器等理论或技术，使得硬件实现的复杂度加大。There is another method of using channel estimation: use channel estimation theory to perform channel estimation on the received self-interference signal, first estimate its situation after space propagation, and then use an adaptive filter to eliminate it in the digital domain. It can achieve 20dB in the effect of interference cancellation. However, because of the theories or technologies such as channel estimation and digital filters used, the complexity of hardware implementation is increased.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此，本发明的目的是提供一种基于功率检测及环路延迟计算的干扰消除方法，本发明是在通信的数字信号处理过程中消除自干扰信号，且能够实现26dB的数字干扰消除效果，与目前论文中介绍的使用信道估计的方法消除20dB的水平，还要提升6dB；而且，本发明方法的操作步骤非常简单，复杂度较低，易于推广应用。In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for eliminating interference based on power detection and loop delay calculation. The present invention eliminates self-interference signals in the digital signal processing process of communication, and can achieve a digital interference elimination effect of 26dB , compared with the channel estimation method introduced in the current paper to eliminate the level of 20dB, it needs to be improved by 6dB; moreover, the operation steps of the method of the present invention are very simple, the complexity is low, and it is easy to popularize and apply.
为了达到上述目的，本发明提供了一种基于功率检测及环路延迟计算的干扰消除方法，其特征在于：无线通信装置从其数字信号处理电路发射出去的数据信号，是经过其发射机电路和发射天线发送的；当该数据信号被本机的接收天线接收时，就成为自干扰信号；所述干扰消除方法就是消除该自干扰信号，包括下述两个操作步骤：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an interference elimination method based on power detection and loop delay calculation, which is characterized in that: the data signal transmitted by the wireless communication device from its digital signal processing circuit is passed through its transmitter circuit and When the data signal is received by the receiving antenna of the machine, it becomes a self-interference signal; the interference elimination method is to eliminate the self-interference signal, including the following two steps:
（1）测量自干扰环路的信道参数：发射一组训练序列信号，并使用公知的环路延迟算法测算该自干扰信号经过环路传输后所产生的时延，并在数字信号处理电路中计算出该自干扰信号接收与发射的功率变化；(1) Measure the channel parameters of the self-interference loop: transmit a set of training sequence signals, and use the known loop delay algorithm to measure the time delay generated by the self-interference signal after the loop transmission, and in the digital signal processing circuit Calculate the power change of the received and transmitted self-interfering signal;
（2）消除通信过程中的自干扰：开始通信和发送数据时，根据步骤（1）自干扰环路信道的测量参数生成一组与发射的数据信号进行量化和延迟的相应对消信号，再利用该对消信号，在接收到自干扰信号到达数字信号处理电路时，使得对消信号与自干扰信号相减而在通信过程中消除自干扰信号。(2) Eliminate self-interference in the communication process: when starting communication and sending data, according to the measurement parameters of the self-interference loop channel in step (1), generate a set of corresponding cancellation signals that are quantized and delayed with the transmitted data signal, and then Using the cancellation signal, when the self-interference signal is received and reaches the digital signal processing circuit, the cancellation signal is subtracted from the self-interference signal to eliminate the self-interference signal in the communication process.
本发明方法的特点是：与其他干扰消除方法进行比较可以发现，本发明方法的操作步骤非常简单，且算法简便，但是其数字自干扰的消除效果很好，能够实现26dB的数字干扰消除效果，与目前论文中介绍的使用信道估计的方法消除20dB的水平，还要提升6dB。因此值得推广应用。The characteristics of the method of the present invention are: compared with other interference elimination methods, it can be found that the operation steps of the method of the present invention are very simple, and the algorithm is simple and convenient, but the elimination effect of its digital self-interference is very good, and the digital interference elimination effect of 26dB can be realized. Compared with the method of using channel estimation introduced in the current paper to eliminate the level of 20dB, it needs to be improved by 6dB. Therefore, it is worth promoting and applying.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明基于功率检测及环路延迟计算的干扰消除方法操作流程方框图。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the operation flow of the interference elimination method based on power detection and loop delay calculation of the present invention.
图2是本发明方法操作步骤1的训练序列收发信号示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of sending and receiving signals of a training sequence in operation step 1 of the method of the present invention.
图3是图2的操作步骤流程方框图。FIG. 3 is a flow block diagram of the operation steps in FIG. 2 .
图4是本发明方法操作步骤2的通信过程收发信号示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of sending and receiving signals in the communication process of operation step 2 of the method of the present invention.
图5是图4的操作步骤流程方框图。FIG. 5 is a flow block diagram of the operation steps in FIG. 4 .
图6为同时同频全双工通信示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of simultaneous and same-frequency full-duplex communication.
图7为通信方A收发信号示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of communicating party A sending and receiving signals.
具体实施方式detailed description
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的详细描述。In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
参见图1，介绍本发明基于功率检测及环路延迟计算的干扰消除方法：Referring to Fig. 1, the interference elimination method based on power detection and loop delay calculation of the present invention is introduced:
众所周知，无线通信装置从其数字信号处理电路发射出去的数据信号，是经过其发射机电路和发射天线发送的；当该数据信号被本机的接收天线接收时，就成为自干扰信号。本发明的干扰消除方法就是消除该自干扰信号，该方法包括下述两个操作步骤：As we all know, the data signal transmitted by the wireless communication device from its digital signal processing circuit is sent through its transmitter circuit and transmitting antenna; when the data signal is received by the receiving antenna of the device, it becomes a self-interference signal. The interference elimination method of the present invention is exactly to eliminate this self-interference signal, and this method comprises following two operation steps:
步骤1，测量自干扰环路的信道参数：发射一组训练序列信号，并使用公知的环路延迟算法测算该自干扰信号经过环路传输后所产生的时延，并在数字信号处理电路中计算出该自干扰信号接收与发射的功率变化。Step 1, measure the channel parameters of the self-interference loop: transmit a set of training sequence signals, and use the known loop delay algorithm to measure and calculate the time delay generated by the self-interference signal after the loop transmission, and in the digital signal processing circuit The power variation of the received and transmitted self-interfering signal is calculated.
参见图2和图3，介绍该步骤1的下列操作内容：Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3, the following operations in step 1 are introduced:
（11）在t0时刻、以功率P1从其数字信号处理电路发射一组训练序列信号，该训练序列信号经由发射机电路从发射天线发送出去。(11) At time t0, transmit a set of training sequence signals from its digital signal processing circuit with power P1, and the training sequence signals are sent out from the transmitting antenna via the transmitter circuit.
（12）接收天线接收到该训练序列信号，再经过接收机的模拟前端电路对其进行数字采样，并于t1时刻返回到数字信号处理电路；此时，计算得到该训练序列信号的功率为P2。(12) The receiving antenna receives the training sequence signal, and then digitally samples it through the analog front-end circuit of the receiver, and returns to the digital signal processing circuit at time t1; at this time, the calculated power of the training sequence signal is P2 .
（13）使用公知的环路延迟估计算法，计算该训练序列信号从数字信号处理电路发送到接收的环路传输时延Δt=t1-t0，并得到其功率比 (13) Using the known loop delay estimation algorithm, calculate the loop transmission delay Δt=t1-t0 of the training sequence signal from the digital signal processing circuit to the receiver, and obtain its power ratio
步骤2，消除通信过程中的自干扰：开始通信和发送数据时，根据步骤（1）自干扰环路信道的测量参数生成一组与发射的数据信号进行量化和延迟的相应对消信号，再利用该对消信号，在接收到自干扰信号到达数字信号处理电路时，使得对消信号与自干扰信号相减而在通信过程中消除自干扰信号。Step 2, Eliminate self-interference in the communication process: When starting communication and sending data, according to the measurement parameters of the self-interference loop channel in step (1), generate a set of corresponding cancellation signals that are quantized and delayed with the transmitted data signal, and then Using the cancellation signal, when the self-interference signal is received and reaches the digital signal processing circuit, the cancellation signal is subtracted from the self-interference signal to eliminate the self-interference signal in the communication process.
参见图4和图5，介绍该步骤2的下列操作内容：Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5, the following operations of this step 2 are introduced:
（21）无线通信装置从其数字信号处理电路和经由发射电路和发射天线发送出去的数据信号m，经由空间传输被本机的接收天线接收时，成为自干扰信号。由于其又经过射频接收电路和模数转换电路才进入数字信号处理电路，故此时其幅值会发生变化，并且产生传输时延。设置此时进入数字信号处理电路的自干扰信号为m1。(21) When the data signal m sent by the wireless communication device from its digital signal processing circuit and via the transmitting circuit and transmitting antenna is received by the receiving antenna of the device through space transmission, it becomes a self-interference signal. Because it enters the digital signal processing circuit after passing through the radio frequency receiving circuit and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit, its amplitude will change at this time, and transmission delay will occur. Set the self-interference signal entering the digital signal processing circuit at this time as m1.
（22）在发射数据信号m时，同时在数字信号处理电路中产生其对消信号m2，该对消信号m2的功率为数据信号m的倍，即 (22) When the data signal m is transmitted, its cancellation signal m2 is generated in the digital signal processing circuit at the same time, and the power of the cancellation signal m2 is equal to that of the data signal m times, that is
（23）在数字信号处理电路中，执行两个数据信号m1与m2相减的操作，即m1-m2；因为对消信号m2是采用训练序列测算得到的功率比与数据信号m相乘之积，也就是对消信号m2和数据信号m1是基本相同的；且让该对消信号m2的产生延时Δt时间，以便使得对消信号m2与自干扰信号m1的时序对齐，这样，m1-m2的操作结果约为0，即m1-m2≈0，也就是消除自干扰信号。(23) In the digital signal processing circuit, the operation of subtracting two data signals m1 and m2 is performed, that is, m1-m2; because the cancellation signal m2 is the power ratio calculated by using the training sequence The product multiplied by the data signal m, that is, the cancellation signal m2 and the data signal m1 are basically the same; and the generation of the cancellation signal m2 is delayed by Δt time, so that the cancellation signal m2 and the self-interference signal m1 The timing is aligned, so that the operation result of m1-m2 is about 0, that is, m1-m2≈0, that is, the self-interference signal is eliminated.
参见图6和图7，介绍本发明的一实施例中采用的一同时同频全双工通信系统。该通信系统具有通信方A和通信方B，且分别设有发射机与接收机，本发明的数字干扰消除方法分别是由通信方A的接收机A和通信方B的接收机B执行的，每个发射机都包含发射天线、射频发射电路和数模转换电路，接收机则包含接收天线、射频接收电路、模数转换电路；发射机和接收机共用一套数字信号处理电路。且在通信过程中，通信双方的频段为同一频段，同时发送与接收信号。Referring to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, a simultaneous and same-frequency full-duplex communication system adopted in an embodiment of the present invention is introduced. The communication system has a communication party A and a communication party B, and is respectively provided with a transmitter and a receiver, and the digital interference elimination method of the present invention is respectively performed by the receiver A of the communication party A and the receiver B of the communication party B, Each transmitter includes a transmitting antenna, a radio frequency transmitting circuit, and a digital-to-analog conversion circuit, and the receiver includes a receiving antenna, a radio frequency receiving circuit, and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit; the transmitter and receiver share a set of digital signal processing circuits. And in the communication process, the frequency bands of the two communicating parties are the same frequency band, and the signals are sent and received at the same time.
本发明已经进行了多次仿真实施试验，下面简要说明本发明数字干扰消除方法实施例的通信过程如下：The present invention has carried out multiple simulation implementation tests, and the communication process of the embodiment of the digital interference elimination method of the present invention is briefly described below:
首先，由通信方A进行自干扰环路信道的参数测量，测得其功率比和环路延迟。也就是先在t0时刻采用功率为p1从数字信号处理电路发射一组训练序列信号，该序列信号经过发射机电路后，从发射天线发出。该训练序列信号被本方的接收天线接收后，经过接收机模拟前端电路时进行数字采样，最终在t1时刻回到数字信号处理电路，此时要计算得到训练序列信号的功率值p2。再使用公知的环路延迟估计算法，计算该训练序列信号从数字信号处理电路发出到接收的环路时延Δt=t1-t0，并且得到两者的功率比 First, the communication party A conducts parameter measurement of the self-interference loop channel, and measures its power ratio and loop delay. That is, at time t0, a set of training sequence signals is transmitted from the digital signal processing circuit with the power of p1, and the sequence signal is sent from the transmitting antenna after passing through the transmitter circuit. After the training sequence signal is received by the receiving antenna of the local side, digital sampling is carried out when passing through the analog front-end circuit of the receiver, and finally returns to the digital signal processing circuit at time t1. At this time, the power value p2 of the training sequence signal must be calculated. Then use the known loop delay estimation algorithm to calculate the loop delay Δt=t1-t0 of the training sequence signal from the digital signal processing circuit to the reception, and obtain the power ratio of the two
然后，由通信方B进行自干扰环路信道的参数测量，即重复通信方A的上述步骤。至此，双方已测量好信道参数，可以开始传送数据。通信方A向通信方B发送数据，且同时通信方B也向通信方A发送数据，发送数据的频段也为同一个频段。在接收对方信号的同时，通信方A和通信方B的两个接收机都进行自干扰消除。其操作步骤为：Then, the communication party B performs parameter measurement of the self-interference loop channel, that is, repeats the above steps of the communication party A. So far, the two parties have measured the channel parameters and can start to transmit data. Communication party A sends data to communication party B, and at the same time communication party B also sends data to communication party A, and the frequency band for sending data is also the same frequency band. While receiving the other party's signal, both receivers of communication party A and communication party B perform self-interference cancellation. Its operation steps are:
假设通信方A发射的数据为m，通信方B发射的数据为n。由于两组数据m和n分别经过了空气介质、天线及接收电路，所以设置数据n在到达通信方A的数字信号处理电路时，变为n1。同时还设通信方A接收到的自干扰信号为m1，通信方A接收到的进入数字信号处理电路时的信号为m1+n1的混合信号。Assume that the data transmitted by communication party A is m, and the data transmitted by communication party B is n. Since the two sets of data m and n pass through the air medium, antenna and receiving circuit respectively, the setting data n becomes n1 when it reaches the digital signal processing circuit of the communicating party A. At the same time, it is also assumed that the self-interference signal received by communication party A is m1, and the signal received by communication party A when it enters the digital signal processing circuit is a mixed signal of m1+n1.
通信方A在数字信号处理电路中产生一组对消信号m2，该m2信号的功率值为数据m的倍，即 The communication party A generates a set of cancellation signals m2 in the digital signal processing circuit, and the power value of the m2 signal is equal to that of the data m times, that is
在数字信号处理电路中，执行两个数据信号m1与m2相减的操作，即m1-m2。由于对消信号m2是经过训练序列信号测试得到的功率比与数据信号m相乘之积，也就是该消信号m2和数据信号m1是相似或基本相同的；并且已经延时Δt时间，使得对消信号m2与自干扰信号m1的时序已对齐，所以m1-m2相减的结果为0，即m1-m2≈0，所以合路信号就消除了自干扰信号，成为m1+n1-m2≈n1，也就是得到通信方B的信息n1。In the digital signal processing circuit, the operation of subtracting two data signals m1 and m2 is performed, that is, m1-m2. Since the cancellation signal m2 is the power ratio obtained by the training sequence signal test The product multiplied by the data signal m, that is, the cancellation signal m2 and the data signal m1 are similar or basically the same; and have been delayed for Δt time, so that the timing of the cancellation signal m2 and the self-interference signal m1 are aligned, so m1 The result of the subtraction of -m2 is 0, that is, m1-m2≈0, so the combined signal eliminates the self-interference signal and becomes m1+n1-m2≈n1, that is, the information n1 of the communicating party B is obtained.
同理，通信方B也是经过上述自干扰消除后，得到通信方A的数据信息m1。从而实现了同时同频全双工通信。Similarly, the communication party B also obtains the data information m1 of the communication party A after the above self-interference cancellation. Thus, full-duplex communication at the same frequency and at the same time is realized.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明保护的范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the present invention. within the scope of protection.
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