CN103457893B - A kind of industry wireless network frequency domain polling method based on OFDM technology - Google Patents

A kind of industry wireless network frequency domain polling method based on OFDM technology Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103457893B
CN103457893B CN201210171074.2A CN201210171074A CN103457893B CN 103457893 B CN103457893 B CN 103457893B CN 201210171074 A CN201210171074 A CN 201210171074A CN 103457893 B CN103457893 B CN 103457893B
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node
poll
subcarrier
data
frequency domain
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CN103457893A (en
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梁炜
于海斌
林俊如
张晓玲
曾鹏
杨中兴
李世明
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Shenyang Institute of Automation of CAS
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Shenyang Institute of Automation of CAS
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Priority to PCT/CN2013/070327 priority patent/WO2013177958A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
    • H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
    • H04B7/2615—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile using hybrid frequency-time division multiple access [FDMA-TDMA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
    • H04W74/04—Scheduled or contention-free access
    • H04W74/06—Scheduled or contention-free access using polling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

Abstract

The present invention relates to industry wireless network technology, specifically a kind of industry wireless network frequency domain polling method based on OFDM technology. The present invention includes following steps: poll initial configuration: AP newly adds the node of network to distribute poll group ID and subcarrier ID; OFDM frequency domain poll: AP sends polling request message, and node receives after polling request message, and AP utilizes OFDM subcarrier to respond at frequency domain; Tdma slot distributes and node data transmission: AP is according to the response condition of each polled node, for needing the node distribution T DMA time slot of transfer of data; Node is received after tdma slot allocation result, carries out transfer of data in corresponding time slot. The present invention proposes under the prerequisite that takes into full account industry wireless network application characteristic, can reduce procotol expense, improve bandwidth availability ratio and network effective throughput, and then promote real-time and the scale of network.

Description

A kind of industry wireless network frequency domain polling method based on OFDM technology
Technical field
The present invention relates to industry wireless network technology, specifically a kind of industry nothing based on OFDM technologySpider lines frequency domain polling method.
Background technology
Radio network technique has started to be applied to factory automation field, and becomes gradually the focus of development.With respect to traditional wired bus technology, wireless technology has the advantage of easy installation, easy care, and canAvoid equipment because of the mobile cable causing easily aging, the easily problem such as unsuccessfully of electric power contact between slip ring. Therefore existIn the factory automation of speed car intercaste, wireless technology has application potential very much.
In radio communication, multiple terminal shared channel resources cause collision problem. In order to address this problem,IEEE802.11 agreement has proposed two kinds of methods, and one is distributed coordination function (DCF, DistributedCoordinationFunction) the band conflict under pattern is avoided carrier wave multiple access (CSMA/CA, CarrierSenseMultipleAccesswithCollisionAvoidance) mechanism, another kind be point coordination function (PCF,PointCoordinationFunction) polling mechanism under pattern.
CSMA/CA mechanism under DCF pattern adopts random conflict back off algorithm, cannot meet workshop levelIndustry wireless network is to time delay qualitative requirement really. In addition, workshop level industry wireless network often requires largerNetwork size, cause the situation of great deal of nodes competitive channel more serious. In above-mentioned situation, CSMA/CAMechanism is in the demand that is difficult to meet commercial Application aspect real-time and reliability.
Polling mechanism under PCF pattern ensures that each node only just can occupy channel in the situation that being allowed toSend data, therefore can conflict and avoid largely.
Figure 1 shows that the scheduling situation of each node access channel under PCF polling mechanism. Wherein, accessPoint (AP, AccessPoint) is as point coordinator, at uncontested dial-tone stage (CFP, Contention-FreePeriod) three nodes of poll successively in. AP is broadcast beacon beacon first, issues the relevant letter in CFP stageBreath; Other nodes are received after beacon, wait for the polling message that receives AP; Through too short interFrameGap (SIFS,ShortInterFrameSpace) after the time, AP sends polling message to node 1, and node 1 is received pollMessage also has data to need to send, and after the SIFS time, sends. Subsequently, AP sends poll to node 2Message, website 2 does not have data to need to send, and does not respond; AP is at PCF interFrameGap (PIFS, PCFInterFrameSpace)), do not receive the response of node 2, send polling message to node 3, website 3After receiving polling message, send the data in its buffer memory to AP.
The protocol overhead of existing polling method is large. Message in industry wireless network is often shorter, and AP is from nodeObtain a message and need the polling message sending to occupy massive band width, the expense that causes controlling message is larger;Particularly, in the time that node does not have data to send, poll is failed. Now, the resource utilization of polling mechanismAlthough high, itself has occupied massive band width polling message, not only can not improve the effective throughput of network,And in the time of frequent generation poll failure, the handling capacity that causes network is obviously declined. In addition, when network ruleWhen mould is larger, due to each node of needs poll, whole polling cycle is longer, is difficult to meet commercial ApplicationTo the requirement of real-time.
Except above-mentioned two kinds of methods, can solve the conflict that multiple wireless communication terminal shared channel resources causeProblem, also has following methods:
Time-division multiple access (TDMA) (TDMA, TimeDivisionMultipleAccess) mechanism is effectively avoided because of itThe characteristic of conflict, can ensure deterministic communication delay. TDMA mechanism except time synchronized expense,The expense of agreement self is less. But, in order to meet the reliability requirement of industry wireless network, TDMA machineSystem need to be distributed a large amount of re-transmission time slots for each node in time slot allocation process, and these retransmit time slotUtilization rate is often lower. Therefore, the resource utilization of the TDMA mechanism of static allocation is lower, for higherThe network of reliability and requirement of real-time, cannot hold more node in network, is difficult to meet commercial ApplicationExtensive demand.
OFDM (OFDM, OrthogonalFrequencyDivisionMultiplexing) belongs toMulti-carrier modulation technology, its principle is that by channel distribution be several orthogonal subchannels, by high-speed dataSignal converts parallel low speed sub data flow to, is modulated on every sub-channels and transmits. OFDM technologyBe widely used in radio communication, as IEEE802.11a/g, but existing wireless communication technology is only utilizedThe data efficient transfer function of OFDM technology physics layer, not yet utilize OFDM technology realize low expense,The MAC layer function of high bandwidth utilization.
Summary of the invention
For problems such as existing method expense are large, resource utilization is low, performance cannot ensure, the present invention carriesGo out a kind of industry wireless network frequency domain polling method based on OFDM technology, be intended to solve existing towards industryThe polling technique expense of wireless network is large, TDMA method bandwidth availability ratio is low, real-time and network size etc.Be difficult to the problem ensureing.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of based on OFDM technologyIndustry wireless network frequency domain polling method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Poll initial configuration: AP newly adds the node of network to distribute poll group ID and subcarrier ID;
OFDM frequency domain poll: AP sends polling request message, and node is received after polling request message, APUtilize OFDM subcarrier to respond at frequency domain;
Tdma slot distributes and node data transmits: AP is according to the response condition of each polled node, forNeed the node distribution T DMA time slot of transfer of data; Node is received after tdma slot allocation result, rightIn the time slot of answering, carry out transfer of data.
The implementation procedure of described poll initial configuration is: node adds after network, in the existing poll group of AP judgementWhether there is the subcarrier not being assigned with; If existed, select at random a subcarrier not being assigned with,And record and identify corresponding poll group ID and subcarrier ID; Otherwise, generate new poll group, new poll groupIn subcarrier be all initialized as the state of not being assigned with, the node that newly adds network is selected to appoint in new poll groupMeaning subcarrier, and record and identify corresponding poll group ID and subcarrier ID.
In described polling request message, carry polling request mark and poll group id information.
When described node receives polling request message, judge poll group ID in polling request message whether withPoll group ID under node is identical; If different, show that node is not within the scope of this poll, node is notDo any response; Otherwise node waits for after a SIFS time, utilize the subcarrier distributing send one orMultiple symbols.
Describedly utilize OFDM subcarrier to respond at frequency domain to be specially: AP is by detecting each subcarrierOn energy, judge that whether subcarrier is in active state, do not need to restore the primary signal on subcarrier,If subcarrier is in active state, the node that this subcarrier is corresponding has data to need to send, and AP records rightThe node of answering; Otherwise, showing that the node that this subcarrier is corresponding does not have data to need to send, AP does not do any placeReason.
Described tdma slot distributes and node data transmission specifically comprises following implementation procedure:
AP is the each node distribution T DMA time slot that has data to send of record, and time slot dividesJoin result;
The node that has data to send is received after time slot allocation result, extracts the time slot allocation information of self,And send data to AP in corresponding time slot.
All nodes that have data to send complete after transfer of data, and the confirmation message that AP replys needs entersAfter row polymerization, be broadcast to the node in network;
Have each node that data need to send to receive after the confirmation message of polymerization, extract corresponding to selfConfirmation message, judges whether AP correctly receives the data of self.
A kind of industry wireless network frequency domain polling method based on OFDM technology that the present invention proposes is fullyUnder the prerequisite of consideration industry wireless network application characteristic, propose, can reduce procotol expense, improve bandWide utilization rate and network effective throughput, and then real-time and the scale of lifting network. Be in particular in:
1. the method based on OFDM frequency domain poll that the inventive method proposes once can the multiple joints of parallel pollingPoint, has reduced the expense of poll, has improved the effective throughput of network;
2. the consequence devised tdma slot allocation algorithm of the inventive method based on frequency domain poll, has realized communication moneyThe distribution according to need in source (time slot), has improved bandwidth availability ratio, has ensured real-time and reliability, and being applicable to shouldFor large-scale industry wireless network.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of PCF polling mechanism in prior art;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of network node initial distribution in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is OFDM poll sequential schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that in the embodiment of the present invention, node carries out frequency domain response.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of industry wireless network frequency domain polling method based on OFDM technology that the present invention proposes, it is mainThought is: utilize OFDM subcarrier to realize the poll response of frequency domain, make the AP can be at one or manyThe multiple websites of poll in individual phy symbol (symbol) time; AP receives that node is after the response of frequency domain,The initial data that does not need each node of precise restoration to send on each subcarrier, only needs passing threshold/peakWhether value detection or other technologies means detect subcarrier active; If active, indicate data needsTransmission, otherwise represent not have data.
The inventive method comprises that poll initial configuration, OFDM frequency domain poll, tdma slot distribute and nodeTransfer of data, specifically comprises the following steps:
Step (1) poll initial configuration: AP newly adds the node of network to distribute corresponding poll group markSymbol (ID, Identifier) and subcarrier ID;
Step (2) OFDM frequency domain poll: AP sends polling request message, and node receives after polling message,AP utilizes OFDM subcarrier to respond at frequency domain;
Step (3) tdma slot distributes and node data transmission: AP is according to the sound of each polled nodeAnswer situation, for needing the node distribution T DMA time slot of transfer of data; Node receives that tdma slot distributes knotAfter fruit, in corresponding time slot, carry out transfer of data.
Described poll group ID is for identifying different poll group. Although OFDM frequency domain poll can be realized alsoRoad wheel is ask, but the number of nodes of parallel polling is subject to the quantitative limitation of OFDM sub-carrier number. Adopt poll group IDNode is divided into groups, and require node only respond under the polling message of poll group, to avoid not on the same group itBetween poll response produce collision, thereby expanded network size.
Described subcarrier ID returns to the subcarrier of poll response for identification nodes. Joint in same poll groupPoint uses different subcarrier ID, can avoid organizing interior poll response and produce collision.
Described polling request message carries polling request mark and poll group id information.
Described step (1) poll initial configuration, specifically comprises following implementation procedure:
(1.1) node adds after network, in the existing poll group of AP judgement, whether has the subcarrier not being assigned with;If existed, select at random a subcarrier not being assigned with, and record and identify corresponding poll group IDWith subcarrier ID; Otherwise, carry out (1.2);
(1.2) if there is not the subcarrier not being assigned with in existing poll group, generate new poll group,And give corresponding poll group ID, the subcarrier in new poll group is all initialized as the state of not being assigned with; Newly addThe node that enters network is selected anyon carrier wave from newly-generated poll group, and records and identify corresponding pollGroup ID and subcarrier ID.
Described step (2) OFDM frequency domain poll, specifically comprises following implementation procedure:
(2.1) AP sends polling request message, wherein, carries polling request mark and poll in polling messageGroup id information;
(2.2), when node receives polling request message, judge poll group ID in polling request message whetherIdentical with the poll group ID under node; If different, show that node is not within the scope of this poll, jointPoint does not do any response, otherwise carries out (2.3);
(2.3) node was waited for after the SIFS time, utilized the subcarrier distributing to send one or more symbols（symbol）；
(2.4) AP, by detecting the energy on each subcarrier, judges that whether subcarrier is in active state,Do not need to restore the primary signal on subcarrier; If subcarrier is in active state, this subcarrier pairThe node of answering has data to need to send, and AP records corresponding node; Otherwise, show the joint that this subcarrier is correspondingPoint does not have data to need to send, and AP is left intact.
Described step (3) tdma slot distributes and node data transmission, specifically comprises following implementation procedure:
(3.1) AP is each node distribution T DMA time slot of record in (2.4), and time slot distributesResult;
(3.2) node is received after time slot allocation result, extracts the time slot allocation information of self, and in correspondenceTime slot in to AP send data.
(3.3) all nodes complete after transfer of data, AP by needs reply confirmation (ACK,ACKnowledgement) message carries out being broadcast to the node in network after polymerization.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail. Reality in the inventive methodExecute example and be intended to explain the present invention, do not limit practical application of the present invention.
Be illustrated in figure 2 the initial distribution figure of a network, random in the plane domain of 100m × 100mBe distributed with 20 nodes, be numbered respectively Ni(i ∈ [1,20]); AP is designated as N0, be positioned at (50,50) and locate.Node in network can with AP direct communication, be a stelliform connection topology configuration in logic. Node utilizes52 subcarriers of OFDM physical layer communicate, and wherein, 48 subcarriers can be used for poll. 48The ID that individual subcarrier is corresponding is designated as 1 ~ 48.
In the poll initial configuration stage, AP is that each node distributes poll group ID and subcarrier ID. Suppose jointPoint adds network, node N successively according to its numbering1While adding network, there is not poll group in network. AP is rawBecome poll group 0x01, by 48 sub-carrier identification in 0x01 poll group for not being assigned with, and by subcarrier1 distributes to node N1, node N1The result (poll group ID, subcarrier ID) of poll initial configuration is(0x01,0x01). Now, the subcarrier not being assigned with in 0x01 poll group is 2 ~ 48. Node N2AddWhen network, existing poll group 0x01 in network, and subcarrier 2 ~ 48 is not assigned with, AP chooser carrier wave 2Distribute to node N2, node N2The result (poll group ID, subcarrier ID) of poll initial configuration is(0x01,0x02). By that analogy, in view of the number of nodes in the present embodiment is less than the quantity of subcarrier, jointPoint NiThe result (poll group ID, subcarrier ID) of (i ∈ [1,20]) poll initial configuration is (0x01, i).
Illustrate that below in conjunction with Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 OFDM frequency domain poll and tdma slot in the present embodiment divideJoin with node data and transmit.
In the OFDM frequency domain poll stage, suppose node Ni(i ∈ [1,20]) all belongs to poll group 0x01, jointPoint N4、N8、N13、N14And N19There are data to send and all need to reply ACK. The present embodiment carry out withLower process:
AP broadcast polling request message, and poll group ID in polling request message is 0x01;
Node receives after polling request message, and relatively whether self poll group ID equals 0x01. In the present embodimentNode Ni(i ∈ [1,20]) all belongs to poll group 0x01; But due to node NiNode N only in (i ∈ [1,20])4、N8、N13、N14And N19There are data to need to send, therefore, node N4、N8、N13、N14And N19ReceivingAfter the SIFS time after polling request message, utilizing self subcarrier to send 1 symbol (symbol) data entersRow response;
AP detects node N4、N8、N13、N14And N19Subcarrier active, AP known node N4、N8、N13、N14And N19There are data to need to send;
Time slot 1,2,3,4 and 5 is distributed to respectively node N by AP4、N8、N13、N14And N19, and wideBroadcast the result of time slot allocation;
Node N4、N8、N13、N14And N19Resolve after the time slot allocation message of AP broadcast, it is right to extract respectivelyThe time slot of answering is 1,2,3,4 and 5;
Node N4、N8、N13、N14And N19Interior to AP transmission data at time slot 1,2,3,4 and 5 respectively;
AP is by node N4、N8、N13、N14And N19All ACK polymerizations after broadcast;
Node N4、N8、N13、N14And N19Receive after the ACK of polymerization, extract the ACK corresponding to self,Judge whether AP correctly receives the data of self;
This time polling procedure finishes.

Claims (5)

1. the industry wireless network frequency domain polling method based on OFDM technology, is characterized in that, comprises followingStep:
Poll initial configuration: AP newly adds the node of network to distribute poll group ID and subcarrier ID;
OFDM frequency domain poll: AP sends polling request message, and node is received after polling request message, APUtilize OFDM subcarrier to respond at frequency domain;
Tdma slot distributes and node data transmits: AP is according to the response condition of each polled node, forNeed the node distribution T DMA time slot of transfer of data; Node is received after tdma slot allocation result, rightIn the time slot of answering, carry out transfer of data;
Describedly utilize OFDM subcarrier to respond at frequency domain to be specially: AP is by detecting each subcarrierOn energy, judge that whether subcarrier is in active state, do not need to restore the primary signal on subcarrier,If subcarrier is in active state, the node that this subcarrier is corresponding has data to need to send, and AP records rightThe node of answering; Otherwise, showing that the node that this subcarrier is corresponding does not have data to need to send, AP does not do any placeReason.
2. a kind of industry wireless network frequency domain polling method based on OFDM technology according to claim 1, itsBe characterised in that, the implementation procedure of described poll initial configuration is: node adds after network, the existing wheel of AP judgementIn inquiry group, whether there is the subcarrier not being assigned with; If exist, select at random a son not being assigned withCarrier wave, and record and identify corresponding poll group ID and subcarrier ID; Otherwise, generate new poll group, newSubcarrier in poll group is all initialized as the state of not being assigned with, and newly adds the node of network in new poll groupSelect anyon carrier wave, and record and identify corresponding poll group ID and subcarrier ID.
3. a kind of industry wireless network frequency domain polling method based on OFDM technology according to claim 1,It is characterized in that, in described polling request message, carry polling request mark and poll group id information.
4. a kind of industry wireless network frequency domain polling method based on OFDM technology according to claim 1,It is characterized in that, when described node receives polling request message, judge the poll group in polling request messageID whether with node under poll group ID identical; If different, show that node is not within the scope of this poll,Node does not do any response; Otherwise node was waited for after the SIFS time, utilized the subcarrier distributing to sendOne or more symbols.
5. a kind of industry wireless network frequency domain polling method based on OFDM technology according to claim 1,It is characterized in that, described tdma slot distributes and node data transmission specifically comprises following implementation procedure:
AP is the each node distribution T DMA time slot that has data to send of record, and time slot dividesJoin result;
The node that has data to send is received after time slot allocation result, extracts the time slot allocation information of self,And send data to AP in corresponding time slot;
All nodes that have data to send complete after transfer of data, and the confirmation message that AP replys needs entersAfter row polymerization, be broadcast to the node in network;
Have each node that data need to send to receive after the confirmation message of polymerization, extract corresponding to selfConfirmation message, judges whether AP correctly receives the data of self.
CN201210171074.2A 2012-05-29 2012-05-29 A kind of industry wireless network frequency domain polling method based on OFDM technology Active CN103457893B (en)

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PCT/CN2013/070327 WO2013177958A1 (en) 2012-05-29 2013-01-10 Ofdm technology-based frequency domain polling method for wireless sensor network

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CN106209551A (en) * 2016-06-29 2016-12-07 四川九洲电器集团有限责任公司 A kind of data transmission method being combined with TDMA based on poll and device
CN107548163B (en) * 2017-08-07 2020-12-11 重庆邮电大学 Reliable terahertz wireless personal area network access method with high time slot utilization rate
CN111385744B (en) * 2018-12-27 2022-01-11 青岛民航凯亚系统集成有限公司 Dynamic channel access method based on polling
CN110034942B (en) * 2019-04-17 2021-08-20 北京电子工程总体研究所 Networking communication control method and system based on half-duplex radio station
CN115175123B (en) * 2022-09-08 2022-11-18 中赣通信(集团)有限公司 Variable monitoring network based on service and operation method thereof

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