Lithium ion battery composite cathode material and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lithium ion battery composite cathode material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery is a kind of high-energy battery that fast development is nearly ten years got up, and no matter from technical indicators such as life-span, specific energy and voltages, or, from environment, it has become an important directions of China's New Energy Industry.Positive electrode Li (Ni
xco
ymn
1-x-y) O
2have that specific capacity is high, Heat stability is good and the advantage such as price is lower, be considered to a kind of positive electrode material of the most potential substituting cobalt acid lithium.But this material is unsatisfactory in large multiplying power and high temperature cyclic performance, may be because of electrode material and electrolyte generation interfacial reaction and layer structure unsteadiness etc., and then affects its chemical property.
Coating is to improve or improve Li (Ni
xco
ymn
1-x-y) O
2one of effective ways of chemical property.Se-Hee Lee philosophy Al
2o
3, ZrO
2, Al (OH)
3, CeO
2and SnPO
4deng coating Li (Ni
xco
ymn
1-x-y) O
2, its thermal stability and capacity etc. are had greatly improved.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of lithium ion battery composite cathode material.
The another one technical problem that the present invention will solve is to provide a kind of preparation method of lithium ion battery composite cathode material.
For lithium ion battery composite cathode material, the technical solution used in the present invention is: composite positive pole is by mesoporous silicon oxide and Li (Ni
xco
ymn
1-x-y) O
2form, and the meso-porous titanium dioxide silicon layer is coated on Li (Ni
xco
ymn
1-x-y) O
2surface.
As preferably, composite positive pole is micron order.
For the preparation method of lithium ion battery composite cathode material, the technical solution used in the present invention is: comprise the following steps:
(1) by Li (Ni
xco
ymn
1-x-y) O
2in solvent, disperse;
(2) softex kw is disperseed in solvent;
(3) mixed solution that slurry step (1) obtained and step (2) obtain is by Li (Ni
xco
ymn
1-x-y) O
2with the softex kw mol ratio be that 1~5:1 mixes, and add aqueous slkali, disperse;
(4) adding mol ratio in the mixed liquor of step (3) gained is that the tetraethoxysilane of 0.5~5 times of softex kw is reacted, and washing is dry, obtains mesoporous silicon oxide and coats ternary anode material for lithium-ion batteries, i.e. Li (Ni
xco
ymn
1-x-y) O
2/ mesoporous silicon oxide.
As preferably, the Li (Ni described in step (1)
xco
ymn
1-x-y) O
2for spherical or near-spherical powder granule, x in formula<1, y<1, x+y<1;
Described Li (Ni
xco
ymn
1-x-y) O
2particle diameter is 3~15 μ m;
Be separated into ultrasonic dispersion or magnetic agitation described in step (1) are disperseed;
Preferably, the jitter time described in step (1) is 0.5 h~5 h;
Preferably, the solvent described in step (2) is deionized water and/or ethanol, particularly preferably deionized water.
As preferably, described in step (2), be separated into ultrasonic dispersion;
Preferably, the jitter time described in step (2) is 0.25~3 h;
Preferably, the solvent described in step (2) is deionized water and/or ethanol, particularly preferably deionized water.
As preferably, step (1) is identical with the solvent species described in step (2).
As preferably, the Li (Ni described in step (3)
xco
ymn
1-x-y) O
2with the mol ratio of softex kw be 1~5:1.
As preferably, the combination that the alkali described in step (3) is a kind of in ammoniacal liquor, NaOH, potassium hydroxide or at least two kinds, and to regulate pH be 8~13;
Be separated into ultrasonic dispersion described in step (3); Preferably, the jitter time described in step (3) is 0.25~1 h.
As preferably, the mol ratio of the softex kw described in step (4) and tetraethoxysilane is 1:0.5~5;
The described tetraethoxysilane method that adds of step (4) adds for minute 3~5 steps, every step interval 0.5~2 h;
The described reaction time of step (4) is 5~48 h;
The described reaction temperature of step (4) is 30~80 ℃;
The mixing that the described cleaning solvent of step (4) is a kind of in water, ethanol, acetone, methyl alcohol, oxolane, benzene, toluene or at least two kinds, particularly preferably methyl alcohol;
The described baking temperature of step (4) is 80~120 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Mesoporous silicon oxide evenly is coated on ternary anode material for lithium-ion batteries surface, utilize energy density and the cycle performance of ternary material, utilize the outstanding stability of mesoporous silicon oxide and outstanding electro-chemical activity simultaneously, thereby changed stability and the high temperature circulation of ternary material.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
(1) by 0.02 mol Li (Ni
xco
ymn
1-x-y) O
2disperse 0.5 h in 10 ml deionized water for ultrasonic;
(2) 0.004 mol softex kw (CTAB) is disperseed to 0.5 h in 10 ml deionized water for ultrasonic;
(3) slurry step (1) obtained mixes with the mixed solution that step (2) obtains, and adds ammoniacal liquor, and regulating pH is 10;
(4) add the tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) of 0.012 mol in the mixed liquor of step (3) gained, minute three steps add, and every 0.5 h, add 0.004 mol TEOS, temperature is 30 ℃, after reacting 5 h, uses methanol wash three times, 80 ℃ of dryings, obtain mesoporous silicon oxide (mSiO
2) coating ternary anode material for lithium-ion batteries, i.e. Li (Ni
xco
ymn
1-x-y) O
2/ mSiO
2.
Embodiment 2:
(1) by 0.02 mol Li (Ni
xco
ymn
1-x-y) O
2disperse 3 h in 10 ml deionized water for ultrasonic;
(2) 0.005 mol CTAB is disperseed to 1 h in 10 ml deionized water for ultrasonic;
(3) slurry step (1) obtained mixes with the mixed solution that step (2) obtains, and adds ammoniacal liquor, and regulating pH is 13;
(4) add the TEOS of 0.012 mol in the mixed liquor of step (3) gained, divide three steps to add, add 0.004 mol TEOS every 0.5 h, temperature is 50 ℃, after reacting 24 h, use methanol wash three times, 100 ℃ of dryings, obtain mesoporous silicon oxide and coat ternary anode material for lithium-ion batteries, i.e. Li (Ni
xco
ymn
1-x-y) O
2/ mSiO
2.
Embodiment 3:
(1) by 0.02 mol Li (Ni
xco
ymn
1-x-y) O
2disperse 5 h in 10 ml deionized water for ultrasonic;
(2) 0.01 mol CTAB is disperseed to 2 h in 10 ml deionized water for ultrasonic;
(3) slurry step (1) obtained mixes with the mixed solution that step (2) obtains, and adds ammoniacal liquor, and regulating pH is 10;
(4) add the TEOS of 0.012 mol in the mixed liquor of step (3) gained, divide three steps to add, add 0.004 mol TEOS every 0.5 h, temperature is 80 ℃, after reacting 48 h, use methanol wash three times, 120 ℃ of dryings, obtain mesoporous silicon oxide and coat ternary anode material for lithium-ion batteries, i.e. Li (Ni
xco
ymn
1-x-y) O
2/ mSiO
2.
Embodiment 4:
(1) by 0.02 mol Li (Ni
xco
ymn
1-x-y) O
2disperse 0.5 h in 10 ml deionized water for ultrasonic;
(2) 0.004 mol CTAB is disperseed to 0.5 h in 10 ml deionized water for ultrasonic;
(3) slurry step (1) obtained mixes with the mixed solution that step (2) obtains, and adds ammoniacal liquor, and regulating pH is 8;
(4) add the TEOS of 0.012 mol in the mixed liquor of step (3) gained, divide five steps to add, add 0.0024 mol TEOS every 0.5 h, temperature is 30 ℃, after reacting 5 h, use methanol wash three times, 80 ℃ of dryings, obtain mesoporous silicon oxide and coat ternary anode material for lithium-ion batteries, i.e. Li (Ni
xco
ymn
1-x-y) O
2/ mSiO
2.
Embodiment 5: the present embodiment as different from Example 1: TEOS is 0.004 mol in step (4).
Embodiment 6: the present embodiment as different from Example 1: TEOS is 0.016 mol in step (4).
Embodiment 7: the present embodiment as different from Example 1: TEOS is 0.02 mol in step (4).
Above-described embodiment of the present invention, do not form limiting the scope of the present invention.Any modification of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in claim protection range of the present invention.