CN103454580B - A kind of circuit-breaker switching on-off coil characteristics proving installation - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of circuit-breaker switching on-off coil characteristics proving installation, comprise: controller, coil resistance test cell and coil insulation and number of turn test cell, described controller is connecting signal source, coil resistance test cell and coil insulation and number of turn test cell respectively, coil resistance test cell and coil insulation and number of turn test cell by with treat that test coil is tested, and this test data is passed to controller, controller carries out fault diagnosis to circuit-breaker switching on-off coil in real time, thus realizes the Real-Time Monitoring to circuit-breaker switching on-off coil.The present invention, by assessing performance and the quality of coil to the characteristic test of coil, eliminates mass defect and potential faults, ensures the reliability and stability that product uses, and improves the security of Operation of Electric Systems.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses the test of a kind of circuit-breaker switching on-off coil characteristics and fault diagnosis technology, comprise the test of divide-shut brake coil steady-state characteristic, the test of divide-shut brake coil transient characterisitics, the characteristic test of divide-shut brake coil insulation, divide-shut brake coil heat stability testing and divide-shut brake coil expert diagnostic system.
Background technology
High-voltage switch gear is a kind of electric equipment of most critical in electric system, and especially primary cut-out quantity is many, and maintenance amount is large, costly.Its reliability directly affects the power grid security of electric system.Interrelated data shows, the over half of transformer station's maintenance cost is used on primary cut-out, and 60% is wherein light maintenance for isolating switch and regular maintenance.In addition according to statistics, the circuit breaker failure of 50% causes due to divide-shut brake coil fault.In maintenance relatively conservative at present, the quality evaluation of divide-shut brake coil lacks certain specific aim.Necessary tracing detection is carried out to the important parameter of circuit-breaker switching on-off coil, the running status that equipment is present not only can be provided, and the variation tendency of various important parameter can also be analyzed, judge whether the tendency that there is fault, thus the maintenance cycle of extension device, the utilization factor of raising equipment, reduces the expense of maintenance, improves safe reliability and the automaticity of Operation of Electric Systems.The research of this respect has become the hot issue that in world wide, power industry runs and manufacturing sector more and more pays close attention to.
In order to ensure equipment safety operation, carry out repair based on condition of component targetedly, just be necessary the test data recorded under the various states of circuit-breaker switching on-off coil, as test respectively under stable state, transient state coil resistance, coil turn, withstand voltage, electric current and heat stability testing etc., to judge the overall characteristic of circuit-breaker switching on-off coil.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of circuit-breaker switching on-off coil characteristics proving installation, comprise the test of divide-shut brake coil steady-state characteristic, the test of divide-shut brake coil transient characterisitics, the characteristic test of divide-shut brake coil insulation, divide-shut brake coil heat stability testing and divide-shut brake coil expert diagnostic system.By assessing performance and the quality of coil to the characteristic test of coil, eliminate mass defect and potential faults, ensure the reliability and stability that product uses, improve the security of Operation of Electric Systems.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of circuit-breaker switching on-off coil characteristics proving installation, comprising:
---controller, for carrying out fault diagnosis to the data of coil resistance test cell, coil insulation and number of turn test cell Real-Time Monitoring circuit-breaker switching on-off coil, realizes the Real-Time Monitoring to circuit-breaker switching on-off coil;
---coil resistance test cell, for receiving the resistance test signal that controller sends, and test cell gathers electric current, the voltage swing of circuit-breaker switching on-off coil, and these data are passed to controller, and controller calculates by the resistance value of test coil;
---coil insulation and number of turn test cell, for receiving the dielectric strength and coil turn test signal that controller sends, and test cell gathers the voltage swing of circuit-breaker switching on-off coil, and these data are passed to controller;
Described controller is connecting signal source, coil resistance test cell and coil insulation and number of turn test cell respectively, coil resistance test cell and coil insulation and number of turn test cell by with treat that test coil is tested, and this test data is passed to controller, controller carries out fault diagnosis to circuit-breaker switching on-off coil in real time, thus realizes the Real-Time Monitoring to circuit-breaker switching on-off coil.
Further, described controller connects amplifier through DA signal source, and through signaling switch respectively connecting coil insulation and number of turn test cell and coil resistance test cell; Or directly by signaling switch connecting coil insulation and number of turn test cell and coil resistance test cell respectively.
Further, described coil resistance test cell comprises the AC-DC change-over circuit and two analog to digital conversion circuits that are connected with controller respectively; Described AC-DC change-over circuit is connected to current sensor, and current sensor is connected to by rapid discharge unit and is held by test coil a-b; Described two analog to digital conversion circuits are connected to amplifier, and wherein, an analog to digital conversion circuit is connected to current sensor through amplifier, and an analog to digital conversion circuit is connected to voltage sensor through amplifier, then are held by test coil a-b through voltage sensor connection.
Further, described coil resistance test cell adopts 4 collimation method tests, and coil resistance test cell is connected in parallel on by test coil a-b two ends.
Further, described rapid discharge element circuit comprises a diode D1, the triode Q be in series with diode D1, extremely goes up respectively and is connected to resistance for three of described triode Q.
Further, described coil insulation and number of turn test cell comprise the step-up transformer and two analog to digital conversion circuits that are connected with controller respectively; Described step-up transformer is connected to tested coil coupling clamp A-B through short-circuit protection circuit connection voltage sensor and holds; Described two analog to digital conversion circuits are connected to amplifier, wherein, an analog to digital conversion circuit connects voltage sensor through amplifier and holds to tested coil coupling clamp A-B, and another analog to digital conversion circuit connects voltage sensor to being held by test coil a-b through amplifier.
Further, described short-circuit protection circuit comprises an amplifier IC1, and amplifier IC1 input end is connected to resistance R2 and R4, a resistance R2 and R4 resistance R1 in parallel, be connected in series a resistance R5 at amplifier IC1 output terminal, between amplifier IC1 input end and output terminal, be parallel with resistance R3; Described resistance R5 output terminal is connected with a pair reverse the first zener diode D1 and the second zener diode D2, be connected with the base stage of the second triode Q2 with the first triode Q1 respectively at the output terminal of the second zener diode D2, the collector of the first triode Q1 and the second triode Q2 connects the positive and negative terminal of voltage respectively, and the emitter of the first triode Q1 and the second triode Q2 meets optocoupler IC2; The output terminal of optocoupler IC2 connects base stage and the emitter of the 3rd triode Q3, the grounded emitter of the 3rd triode Q3 respectively, and the collector of the 3rd triode Q3 connects power Vcc.
Further, ground connection on the emitter of described first triode Q1 and the second triode Q2 and after connecing a diode.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1) coil turn test adopts electromagnetic induction principle, with low frequency signal test, improves accuracy and the antijamming capability of test, eliminates the test error that coil inductance causes, ensure the accuracy of test.
2) characteristic test when divide-shut brake coil transient test comprises coil discharge and recharge, quick discharging circuit carrys out the energy stored in release coil, by before and after discharge and recharge to the test of coil fundamental characteristics, record and contrast, can the material used of coil, technique for coiling, turn-to-turn insulation be tested and be assessed.
3) divide-shut brake coil insulation characteristic test unit adopts electromagnetic induction, and apply voltage with coupling scheme to coil, can ensure enough test voltages, coil is almost no-load running state.When avoiding direct applying test voltage, along with the rising of voltage, electric current also increases thereupon, makes the serious overload of coil.Ensure that enough test voltages, be unlikely to again to cause damage to test product.Monitor the change of the elevated currents along with voltage in applying process, and be designed with short-circuit protection circuit, once current anomaly increases or punctures starting protection immediately, stop boosting and back to zero.
4) divide-shut brake coil heat stability testing unit applies certain electric current to coil and keeps the time of setting, then tests the fundamental characteristics of coil, then compare with the result of cold conditions test.
5) comprehensively realize digitizing, graphical monitoring and management, the running status of current divide-shut brake coil can be shown clearly.
It is comprehensive that circuit-breaker switching on-off coil tester for overall characteristic of the present invention detects data, and transmission is stable, achieves the characteristic integration test of divide-shut brake coil; Instrument Design is small and exquisite portable, and wiring is simple, is applicable to various on-the-spot test needs; By assessing performance and the quality of coil to the characteristic test of coil, eliminate mass defect and potential faults, ensure the reliability and stability that product uses, improve the security of Operation of Electric Systems.The blank succeeded in developing filling up existing isolating switch detection technique of this tester, can carry out running state analysis more comprehensively to the operation conditions of isolating switch, also for the maintenance schedule of rational isolating switch provides the technical basis of science.
Circuit-breaker switching on-off coil tester for overall characteristic of the present invention is applicable to electric system and each factories and miness, enterprise, generating plant, transformer station, be applied to the detection of 6KV ~ 35KV all kinds isolating switch, for ensureing the safe operation of electric system electrical network, electric, the mechanical circuit exception of early detection isolating switch, provide reliable data reference, overhaul of line breaker early warning signal is provided, thus improves the operation and management level to isolating switch.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is test philosophy block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is coil resistance test cell wiring diagram;
Fig. 3 is electromagnetic induction test coil schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is short-circuit protection circuit figure;
Fig. 5 is rapid discharge element circuit schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, circuit-breaker switching on-off coil characteristics proving installation of the present invention, is provided with coil resistance test cell, coil insulation and number of turn test cell, is controlled by controller.
Wherein, controller is used for carrying out fault diagnosis to the data of coil resistance test cell, coil insulation and number of turn test cell Real-Time Monitoring circuit-breaker switching on-off coil, realizes the Real-Time Monitoring to circuit-breaker switching on-off coil; The resistance test signal that coil resistance test cell sends for receiving controller, and control module gathers the resistance sizes of circuit-breaker switching on-off coil, and these data are passed to controller; Coil insulation and number of turn test cell are for the dielectric strength that receives controller and send and coil turn test signal, and control module gathers the resistance sizes of circuit-breaker switching on-off coil, and these data are passed to controller; Controller is connecting signal source, coil resistance test cell and coil insulation and number of turn test cell respectively, coil resistance test cell and coil insulation and number of turn test cell by with treat that test coil is tested, and this test data is passed to controller, controller carries out fault diagnosis to circuit-breaker switching on-off coil in real time, thus realizes the Real-Time Monitoring to circuit-breaker switching on-off coil.
By reference to the accompanying drawings shown in 1, when being selected coil resistance test by keyboard, controller starts the signal that DA signal source produces 150HZ, and after amplifier, signaling switch connects AC-DC change-over circuit, converts the signal into direct current signal, is applied to by test coil a-b.According to 4 line test resistance method test coil resistance, the current amplitude of output is through rapid discharge unit by current sensor measurement, and measured value is input to controller by analog to digital converter 3 after amplifier amplifies; Measured by voltage sensor by the voltage difference at test coil a-b two ends, controller is input to by analog to digital converter 2 after amplifier amplifies, controller just can calculate by the resistance value of test coil a-b according to the amplitude of the size of the current amplitude outputted on coil and coil both end voltage difference, and is shown on screen.
Controller can connect amplifier through DA signal source, and through signaling switch respectively connecting coil insulation and number of turn test cell and coil resistance test cell; Or directly by signaling switch connecting coil insulation and number of turn test cell and coil resistance test cell respectively.
Divide-shut brake coil insulation characteristic test unit adopts electromagnetic induction, and apply voltage with coupling scheme to coil, can ensure enough test voltages, coil is almost no-load running state.When avoiding direct applying test voltage, along with the rising of voltage, electric current also increases thereupon, makes the serious overload of coil.Ensure that enough test voltages, be unlikely to again to damage test product.Test can be used the same method by the number of turn of test coil.
By reference to the accompanying drawings shown in 1, when being selected coil insulation test by keyboard, controller starts the signal that DA signal source produces 150HZ, after amplifier, signaling switch connects step-up transformer, signal can boost and play buffer action by transformer further, and signal is received on coupling clamp A-B end after short-circuit protection unit, voltage sensor; At this moment will be obtained voltage in the mode of electromagnetic induction by test coil.The voltage outputted on coupling clamp A-B end is input on controller through overvoltage sensor, signal amplifier, analog to digital converter 1, sense and be input on controller by the voltage swing on test coil a-b end through overvoltage sensor, signal amplifier, analog to digital converter 2, the voltage on clamp and passed through screen display by the voltage on test coil.
When being selected coil turn test by keyboard; controller start DA signal source and produce 30HZ (in order to can accurately test; select signal frequency depart from power frequency) frequency signal; after amplifier; signaling switch connects step-up transformer; signal can boost and play buffer action by transformer further; signal is received on coupling clamp A-B end after short-circuit protection unit, voltage sensor; coupling pincers be stuck in by test coil, at this moment will be obtained voltage in the mode of electromagnetic induction by test coil.The voltage outputted on coupling clamp A-B end is input on controller through overvoltage sensor, signal amplifier, analog to digital converter 1, sense and be input on controller by the voltage swing on test coil a-b end through overvoltage sensor, signal amplifier, analog to digital converter 2, controller just can calculate by the number of turn of test coil a-b according to the known number of turn in the signal no-load voltage ratio measured and coupling pincers A-B, passes through screen display.
As shown in Figure 2, coil resistance test cell adopts 4 collimation method tests, is connected in parallel on by test coil two ends by test coil a-b end.A-R
x-B is current path, when the electric current flowing through path is constant current I, then at resistance R
xon voltage drop be exactly V=I*R
x.Test loop electric current and resistance drop exactly, just can obtain measured resistance value R
x.
Resistance test adopts 4 collimation method tests, eliminates the test error that coil inductance causes, ensures the accuracy of test.Coil turn test adopts electromagnetic induction principle, with low frequency signal test, improves accuracy and the antijamming capability of test.
As shown in Figure 3, be electromagnetic induction test coil insulation characterisitic and coil turn schematic diagram.A-A is drive coil, is designed to opening and closing type, and can snap in easily by test coil, a-b is by test coil.
When carrying out coil insulation test, controller starts DA signal source and produces 150HZ frequency signal, this signal is through amplifier rear drive step-up transformer, signal voltage is raised further, this signal outputs to the upper A-B end of coupling pincers, coupling pincers are stuck in by test coil, and just can apply voltage to being held by test coil a-b in the mode of this electromagnetism perception, a step-up high voltage of going forward side by side is to setting value.The magnitude of voltage that in test process, the upper A-B of monitoring coupling pincers holds and held by test coil a-b.Stop boosting when coil insulation is bad or have short circuit phenomenon, and exit test.
Insulation characterisitic test cell adopts electromagnetic induction, and apply voltage with coupling scheme to coil, can ensure enough test voltages, coil is almost no-load running state.When avoiding direct applying test voltage, along with the rising of voltage, electric current also increases thereupon, makes the serious overload of coil.Apply voltage with coupling scheme to coil, ensure that enough test voltages, be unlikely to again to cause damage to test product.Monitor the change of the elevated currents along with voltage in applying process, and be designed with short-circuit protection circuit, once current anomaly increases or punctures starting protection immediately, stop boosting and back to zero.
As shown in Figure 4, be short-circuit protection circuit figure.
Short-circuit protection circuit comprises an amplifier IC1, and amplifier IC1 input end is connected to resistance R2 and R4, a resistance R2 and R4 resistance R1 in parallel, input end electric current I
0after resistance R1 and R2 shunts, input to amplifier IC1, be connected in series a resistance R5 at amplifier IC1 output terminal, between amplifier IC1 input end and output terminal, be parallel with resistance R3; Resistance R5 output terminal is serially connected with the first zener diode D1 and the second voltage stabilizing diode D2 that oppositely connect for a pair, the output terminal of the second zener diode D2 is connected with the base stage of the second triode Q2 with the first triode Q1 respectively, the collector of the first triode Q1 and the second triode Q2 connects the positive and negative terminal of voltage respectively by resistance R6 and R8, the emitter of the first triode Q1 and the second triode Q2 meets optocoupler IC2, and the emitter of the second triode Q2 is serially connected with a resistance R7; The output terminal of optocoupler IC2 connects base stage and the emitter of the 3rd triode Q3, the grounded emitter of the 3rd triode Q3 respectively, and the collector of the 3rd triode Q3 connects power Vcc.Resistance R9 and R10 is connected in parallel between the base stage and collector of the 3rd triode Q3.
R1 is output current sample resistance, and when circuit normally works, the output voltage of IC1 is not enough to make D1, or D2 punctures conducting, Q1 and Q2 all not conductings, and IC2 does not work, and Q3 conducting output low level, EX driving circuit normally works.If when circuit has over-current phenomenon avoidance to occur, assuming that occur in positive half cycle, what IC exported is negative voltage, D1 is punctured, D2 conducting, Q2 conducting, and electric current, through to D3, R7, Q2, R8, makes optocoupler IC2 conducting, EX output overcurrent signal, and Q3 cut-off exports high level.If negative half period overcurrent occurs, IC1 exports as positive voltage, D2 is punctured, D1 conducting, Q1 conducting, and electric current is through R6, Q1, R7 and D4, and make optocoupler IC2 energising work, Q3 cut-off exports high level.When Q3 cut-off exports high level, EX output overcurrent signal.This design has the protection circuit breaking circuit work of monitoring alternating current short circuit, the protection of finishing equipment.Raise because PN junction voltage stabilizing value raises with temperature, and PN junction forward conduction value raises with temperature and reduces, therefore D1, D2 differential concatenation has good temperature compensation function, makes circuit thermal stability fairly good.
As shown in Figure 5, be rapid discharge element circuit figure, rapid discharge element circuit comprises a diode D1, extremely goes up respectively be in series triode Q, triode Q three of diode D1 and is connected to resistance R1, R2 and R3.
At the end of measurement, because Transformer Winding has large inductance, electric current can not reduce to zero immediately, very large electromotive force will be produced like this, therefore this design adopts automatic discharging loop, in this discharge loop, R3 is discharge resistance, and R1, R2 are the divider resistance driving triode Q work, the not conducting of discharge loop forward, direction conducting.After coil charges completes, a period of time sparking voltage just having started to discharge is higher, triode Q is in conducting state, discharge loop releases energy primarily of discharge resistance R3, along with the reduction of sparking voltage, triode Q enters cut-off state, and it is equivalent to high-impedance state to release last energy fast.
Claims (7)
1. a circuit-breaker switching on-off coil characteristics proving installation, is characterized in that, comprising:
---controller, for carrying out fault diagnosis to the data of coil resistance test cell, coil insulation and number of turn test cell Real-Time Monitoring circuit-breaker switching on-off coil, realizes the Real-Time Monitoring to circuit-breaker switching on-off coil;
---coil resistance test cell, for receiving the resistance test signal that controller sends, and test cell gathers electric current, the voltage swing of circuit-breaker switching on-off coil, and these data are passed to controller, and controller calculates by the resistance value of test coil;
---coil insulation and number of turn test cell, for receiving the dielectric strength and coil turn test signal that controller sends, and test cell gathers the voltage swing of circuit-breaker switching on-off coil, and these data are passed to controller;
Described coil insulation and number of turn test cell comprise the step-up transformer and two analog to digital conversion circuits that are connected with controller respectively; Described step-up transformer is connected to tested coil coupling clamp A-B through short-circuit protection circuit connection voltage sensor and holds; Described two analog to digital conversion circuits are connected to amplifier, wherein, an analog to digital conversion circuit connects voltage sensor through amplifier and holds to tested coil coupling clamp A-B, and another analog to digital conversion circuit connects voltage sensor to being held by test coil a-b through amplifier;
Coil turn test is tested with low frequency signal;
The characteristic test of divide-shut brake coil insulation adopts electromagnetic induction, and apply voltage with coupling scheme to coil, ensure enough test voltages, coil is no-load running state; Monitor the change of the elevated currents along with voltage in applying process, and be designed with short-circuit protection circuit, once current anomaly increases or punctures starting protection immediately, stop boosting and back to zero;
Described controller is connecting signal source, coil resistance test cell and coil insulation and number of turn test cell respectively, coil resistance test cell and coil insulation and number of turn test cell by with treat that test coil is tested, and this test data is passed to controller, controller carries out fault diagnosis to circuit-breaker switching on-off coil in real time, thus realizes the Real-Time Monitoring to circuit-breaker switching on-off coil.
2. circuit-breaker switching on-off coil characteristics proving installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described controller connects amplifier through DA signal source, and through signaling switch respectively connecting coil insulation and number of turn test cell and coil resistance test cell; Or directly by signaling switch connecting coil insulation and number of turn test cell and coil resistance test cell respectively.
3. circuit-breaker switching on-off coil characteristics proving installation according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described coil resistance test cell comprises the AC-DC change-over circuit and two analog to digital conversion circuits that are connected with controller respectively; Described AC-DC change-over circuit is connected to current sensor, and current sensor is connected to by rapid discharge unit and is held by test coil a-b; Described two analog to digital conversion circuits are connected to amplifier, and wherein, an analog to digital conversion circuit is connected to current sensor through amplifier, and an analog to digital conversion circuit is connected to voltage sensor through amplifier, then are held by test coil a-b through voltage sensor connection.
4. circuit-breaker switching on-off coil characteristics proving installation according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described coil resistance test cell adopts 4 collimation method tests, and coil resistance test cell is connected in parallel on by test coil a-b two ends.
5. circuit-breaker switching on-off coil characteristics proving installation according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described rapid discharge element circuit comprises a diode D1, the triode Q be in series with diode D1, extremely goes up respectively and is connected to resistance for three of described triode Q.
6. circuit-breaker switching on-off coil characteristics proving installation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described short-circuit protection circuit comprises an amplifier IC1, amplifier IC1 input end is connected to resistance R2 and R4, a resistance R2 and R4 resistance R1 in parallel, be connected in series a resistance R5 at amplifier IC1 output terminal, between amplifier IC1 input end and output terminal, be parallel with resistance R3; Described resistance R5 output terminal is connected with a pair reverse the first zener diode D1 and the second voltage stabilizing diode D2, the output terminal of the second zener diode D2 is connected with the base stage of the second triode Q2 with the first triode Q1 respectively, the collector of the first triode Q1 and the second triode Q2 connects the positive and negative terminal of voltage respectively, and the emitter of the first triode Q1 and the second triode Q2 meets optocoupler IC2; The output terminal of optocoupler IC2 connects base stage and the emitter of the 3rd triode Q3, the grounded emitter of the 3rd triode Q3 respectively, and the collector of the 3rd triode Q3 connects power Vcc.
7. circuit-breaker switching on-off coil characteristics proving installation according to claim 6, is characterized in that: ground connection on the emitter of described first triode Q1 and the second triode Q2 and after connecing a diode.
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