CN1034529C - Ultrosonic wave distance-measuring method and device - Google Patents
Ultrosonic wave distance-measuring method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN1034529C CN1034529C CN93117109A CN93117109A CN1034529C CN 1034529 C CN1034529 C CN 1034529C CN 93117109 A CN93117109 A CN 93117109A CN 93117109 A CN93117109 A CN 93117109A CN 1034529 C CN1034529 C CN 1034529C
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Abstract
The present invention provides an ultrasonic wave distance measuring method and a device thereof. The present invention is characterized in that a transmitting wave is a pulse signal wave which is composed of a plurality of square envelope pulse waves and has time sequence characteristics; the pulse width of a repetition period of each square envelope pulse wave is preset, and signals having the time sequence characteristics are gated by a microcomputer only. The present invention does not have threshold levels, and a measurement distance can be increased by more than 5 times.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of system that utilizes hyperacoustic reflection measurement distance.
Supersonic sounding or pulsed radar range finding all are as modulated wave with square profiled pulses modulating wave, launch to measured target by transmitter, reflection wave is received by receiver, to measured target round trip required cycle length, determines the distance of target according to ultrasound wave self-emission device.Be accurately to measure distance, require the resolution of ultrasonic measurement to want high, promptly cycle length the measuring accuracy height; For realizing remote range finding, require detectivity strong; Also require the accuracy of measurement height simultaneously, thoroughly eliminate the influence of noise jamming, realize eliminating the false and retaining the true.
Be to improve the combination property of supersonic range finder, people have proposed many improvement projects, develop the distance measuring equipment of better performances, but the progress of not making a breakthrough property as yet so far, are always attending to one thing and lose sight of another aspect its performance index improving, and the result is still undesirable.
Jap.P. JP60-27875 provides a kind of dipulse radar range finding scheme, adopt two pulse producers, one of them produces the broad pulse modulating wave, and another produces the burst pulse modulating wave, with totalizer two kinds of pulses of width is synthesized wideer pulse then and is used for emission; A divider is set in receiving circuit, composite pulse is decomposed into broad pulse and the burst pulse of original repetition period again, and carry out detection respectively.This scheme to closely with distant object the measurement appropriate signal of contrasting handle resolution characteristic when having improved close-in measurement and the detectivity when having strengthened telemeasurement.The defective of this scheme is that measuring error is bigger, and in receiving loop, through the signal after the envelope detection, its waveform rising front slows down, so be difficult to determine the accurate moment of echo arrival; Threshold level with certain potentials value is set in comparator circuit for this reason, is used to eliminate the clutter influence, but, must cut the part of signal waveform rising front, cause measuring error thus because threshold level exists.If the potential value of threshold level is too small, then noise signal can be thought by mistake be echoed signal, and cause bigger measuring error.
Jap.P. JP62-235587 discloses a kind of design proposal of pulsed radar, is a kind of improvement to the JP60-27875 scheme, as shown in Figure 1, and (A among the figure
1) be transmitted waveform, (A
2) be echo waveform, (A
3) be the echo threshold level value synoptic diagram constantly that arrives.This scheme adopts electronegative potential threshold level m
1, in receiving trap, adopt two parallel detector circuits, as the envelope detection loop of major loop at electronegative potential m
1The time, can detect the moment that echo arrives as soon as possible, this envelope detection loop delay phenomenon that has no time; Output is just arranged when having only the signal of inspection as the synchronous detection loop of subsidiary loop, otherwise not output, this free delay phenomenon in synchronous detection loop.Two kinds of detection results are imported microcomputer respectively, and when two kinds of detections all had output, microcomputer assert that the moment that the envelope detection signal of major loop arrives is t
1, and the t constantly that clutter can not arrived
nMisdeem and be t
1This scheme has reduced threshold level, has improved the accuracy of range finding.But have threshold level to exist equally, and can not accurately measure the moment that echo arrives, measuring error is still bigger, and is can detected target range also quite limited.
Above-mentioned two kinds of schemes, its threshold level value is shown in Fig. 1 (A
3), the former threshold level value is m
2, corresponding echo arrives and gets t constantly
2, latter's threshold level value is m
1, corresponding echo arrives and gets t constantly
1, the latter is better than the former.The t constantly because echo arrives
1Or t
2All in starting point place value away from the echoed signal forward position, cause existing supersonic range finder comprehensive technical performance index to be difficult to improve, its basic reason is to lack the preferred plan of thorough elimination noise jamming, and promptly reaching the echo arrival is at the ideal state that approaches starting point place, envelope waveform forward position value constantly.
A task of the present invention is to provide a kind of brand-new ultrasonic ranging method, its transmitted wave comprises a plurality of square profiled pulses ripples and constitutes the pulse signal wave with temporal aspect, and each square its repetition period of profiled pulses ripple and pulse width are given earlier and being set, deposit the information in the random memory ram of microcomputer in, microcomputer only extracts the information Recognition with this temporal aspect, thereby thoroughly remove the influence of environment clutter, exempt to establish threshold level, making echo arrival value constantly be positioned at approximation signal waveform forward position starting point becomes a reality, under the condition of equal emissive power, make the resolution characteristic of supersonic sounding, detectivity, integrated performance indexs such as accuracy obtain to improve to greatest extent.
Another task of the present invention provides a kind of supersonic range finder of implementing said method, and this device makes full use of micro-computer function, is beneficial to distance measuring equipment and simplifies circuit, improves performance, reduces production costs.
Ultrasonic ranging method of the present invention, employing has the transmitted wave of temporal aspect, this temporal aspect is applied in the whole receiving loop, microcomputer only can identification extraction to the information that possesses this temporal aspect, otherwise do not extract without exception, promptly the false signal that the environment clutter is produced is removed without exception, makes clutter not produce any influence to the range finding result.
Ultrasonic ranging method of the present invention comprises the generation carrier wave, and modulated wave amplifies, emission; Receive echoed signal, through amplification, detection, shaping, timing, distance display, it is characterized in that producing modulated wave is to produce to constitute the pulse signal wave with temporal aspect by a plurality of square profiled pulses ripples, and each square its repetition period of profiled pulses ripple, pulse width is given first setting all respectively; After the echo shaping, deposit in the random memory ram of microcomputer, microcomputer is according to the information among this RAM of this temporal aspect gating.
A kind of supersonic range finder of implementing said method, as shown in Figure 2, comprise microcomputer 1, carrier generator 2, pulsed modulation wave producer 3, modulator 4, amplifier 5, transmitter F, receiver F ', bandpass amplifier 6, wave detector 7, reshaper 8, timer 10, range display 11, wherein by microcomputer 1, carrier generator 2, pulsed modulation wave producer 3, modulator 4, amplifier 5, transmitter F constitutes emitter, by receiver F ', bandpass amplifier 6, wave detector 7, reshaper 8, microcomputer 1 constitutes receiving trap, it is characterized in that carrier generator 2, the input end of pulsed modulation wave producer 3 and with carrier wave, the input end that pulse modulated wave synthesizes the modulator 4 of the modulated wave with temporal aspect connects microcomputer 1 respectively, 2 input ends in addition of modulator 4 are connected with the output terminal of carrier generator 2 with pulsed modulation wave producer 3 respectively, and the modulated wave of its output send transmitter F emission after amplifier 5 amplifies; The output of receiver F ' is connected with random memory ram 9 in the microcomputer 1 by bandpass amplifier 6, wave detector 7, reshaper 8 successively.
The present invention is of many uses, is specially adapted to ultrasound wave Detection of weak, sonar, ultrasound wave warning warning system, automobile-used ultrasound wave collision avoidance system, sounds the depth of the water, water level, material position, underwater topography etc.
With prior art relatively, the present invention has the following advantages:
1. adopt the transmitted wave with temporal aspect, microcomputer is only handled the information gating with this temporal aspect simultaneously, and the false signal that the environment clutter is produced gating is not without exception thoroughly eliminated the clutter influence, has improved the accuracy of measuring effectively;
2. have in the transmitted wave of temporal aspect, contain width profiled pulses ripple simultaneously, unit is taken into account remote range finding and the requirement of closely finding range well;
3. owing to adopt transmitted wave, add and cancelled threshold level, realized that in other words threshold level approaches zero point, be applied to have very high measurement resolution characteristic when closely finding range with temporal aspect; When being applied to find range at a distance, under equal emissive power condition, measuring distance can improve more than 5 times, as excited frequency is 20～40KHz/S, when transmitter and receiver united two into one, finding range was greater than 150 meters in atmosphere, and the finding range of prior art this moment is less than 30 meters;
4. application present technique can be carried out fruitful detection to hyperacoustic feeble signal, also can be used for developing simultaneously a series of new product;
5. can directly use microcomputer and produce carrier wave, pulse modulated wave, synthetic modulated involving and carry out input, give full play to the effect of microcomputer, be beneficial to and simplify circuit and improve performance, can reduce cost 50% simultaneously.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a receipts of the prior art/oscillogram.
Fig. 2 is a supersonic sounding device block schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a receipts/oscillogram of supersonic sounding of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram of supersonic sounding device of the present invention.
Embodiment:
A kind of structure supersonic range finder as shown in Figure 2, wherein microcomputer 1 comprises 80C31,27C32,74HC373, Unit 8253, modulator 4 adopts SN74H78, amplifier 5 adopts the IRF450VMOS pipe, transmitter F, two combine into one for receiver F ', adopt 30KC/S piezoelectric ceramic ultrasound transducer, bandpass amplifier 6 is MC14573, reshaper 8 is CD4081, carrier generator 2, pulsed modulation wave producer 3, modulator 4 is by microcomputer 1 control, the pin of carrier generator 2 input termination unit 8253, the pin of pulsed modulation wave producer 3 input termination 80C31 3., 5. the pin of modulator 4 meets 80C31 pin , miscellaneous part connects in the usual way, and excited frequency is 30KHz/S, and modulated wave is by 4 square profiled pulses ripple A, B, B ', C constitutes the pulse signal wave with temporal aspect, waveform morphology is seen Fig. 3, sets repetition period T
1=8ms, T
2=4ms, T
3=11ms, pulse width is respectively 1ms, 0.2ms, 0.2ms, 0.4ms.
B among Fig. 3
1Be transmitted wave waveform with temporal aspect, B
2Be echo waveform, B
3Be waveform after the detection, B
4Be waveform after the shaping, B
5Be the waveform of microcomputer identification and extraction, the A among the figure, B, B ', C are modulated waveform and corresponding signal waveform thereof, and N is the clutter waveform, S
A, S
B, S
B', S
CBe corresponding echoed signal waveform, T
1, T
2, T
3Be the repetition period of the profiled pulses in the transmitted wave, T '
1, T '
2, T '
3Be each envelope modulation ripple repetition period of echo, t
o, t
rBeing respectively the initial moment of transmitted wave and echo arrives constantly.
Fig. 4 is the working routine service chart of microcomputer 1.Microcomputer sends control signal to modulator 4 after finishing initialization; Emission temporal aspect pulse ultrasonic wave (P
1), the timer 10 (P that picks up counting simultaneously
2), receiving circuit receives echoed signal (P
3), this process is performed until and finishes the one-shot measurement period T, this period T is given earlier and being set, and turns back to (P then
1), (P
2), otherwise be back to (P
3).Signal and noise enter into detector circuit 7 and judge (P in the received signal process
4), if detection has output, then output signal is stored in (P among the RAM9
6), feature is removed noise the gating (P that promptly finishes signal with signal extraction chronologically then
7), the signal that extracts is delivered to display 11 range of a signal (P through Microcomputer Calculation with the result
8).If signal gating is output not, then will be through whether reaching the judgement of finishing the one-shot measurement period T.
Use this and install when in atmosphere, making 5 meters distance rangings, resolution 0.08%, error≤± 1cm; When doing remote the range finding, 150 meters of target ranges, accuracy 0.2%, maximum measuring distance is 200 meters.
Claims (2)
1. a ultrasonic ranging method comprises the generation carrier wave, and modulated wave amplifies, emission; Receive echoed signal, through amplification, detection, shaping, timing, distance display, it is characterized in that: described generation modulated wave is to produce to constitute the pulse signal wave with temporal aspect by a plurality of square profiled pulses ripples, and each square its repetition period of profiled pulses ripple, pulse width are given first setting all respectively; Deposit in after the echo shaping in the random memory ram of microcomputer, microcomputer is according to the information among this RAM of this temporal aspect gating.
2. supersonic range finder that is used to implement the described method of claim 1, comprise microcomputer (1), carrier generator (2), pulsed modulation wave producer (3), modulator (4), amplifier (5), transmitter (F), receiver (F '), bandpass amplifier (6), wave detector (7), reshaper (8), timer (10) and range display (11) wherein constitute emitter by microcomputer (1), carrier generator (2), pulsed modulation wave producer (3), modulator (4), amplifier (5), transmitter (F); Constitute receiving trap by receiver (F '), bandpass amplifier (6), wave detector (7), reshaper (8), microcomputer 1, it is characterized in that: the input end of carrier generator (2), pulsed modulation wave producer (3) and the input end that carrier wave, pulse modulated wave synthesize the modulator (4) of the modulated wave with temporal aspect connect microcomputer (1) respectively, 2 input ends in addition of modulator (4) are connected with the output terminal of carrier generator (2) with pulsed modulation wave producer (3) respectively, and its output signal is sent transmitter (F) emission after amplifier (5) amplifies; The output of receiver (F ') is connected with random memory ram (9) in the microcomputer (1) by bandpass amplifier (6), wave detector (7), reshaper (8) successively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93117109A CN1034529C (en) | 1993-09-03 | 1993-09-03 | Ultrosonic wave distance-measuring method and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93117109A CN1034529C (en) | 1993-09-03 | 1993-09-03 | Ultrosonic wave distance-measuring method and device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1099870A CN1099870A (en) | 1995-03-08 |
| CN1034529C true CN1034529C (en) | 1997-04-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93117109A Expired - Fee Related CN1034529C (en) | 1993-09-03 | 1993-09-03 | Ultrosonic wave distance-measuring method and device |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1034529C (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101008674B (en) * | 2006-01-24 | 2010-05-12 | 河海大学常州校区 | Device for testing axial displacement of hydroelectric generating set and working method therefor |
| CN102590815A (en) * | 2011-01-05 | 2012-07-18 | 苏州巴米特信息科技有限公司 | Ultrasonic wave-based mobile ranging method |
| CN103922228B (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2015-12-09 | 张臣 | Crane job collision avoidance system |
| CN105352859B (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2018-01-23 | 北京飞潮环境工程技术有限公司 | A kind of method for detecting the online multi-parameter character structure of fluid |
| CN104777473A (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2015-07-15 | 柳州市华航电器有限公司 | Detection method for ultrasonic sensor |
| CN106443645A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-02-22 | 重庆兆洲科技发展有限公司 | Ultrasonic ranging system, and echo value taking method and apparatus |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57179678A (en) * | 1981-04-30 | 1982-11-05 | Nippon Kikai Kogyo Kk | Ultrasonic method and device for detecting distance |
| JPS5973784A (en) * | 1982-10-20 | 1984-04-26 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Ultrasonic distance detecting apparatus |
| JPS62235587A (en) * | 1986-02-24 | 1987-10-15 | Nec Home Electronics Ltd | Pulse radar |
-
1993
- 1993-09-03 CN CN93117109A patent/CN1034529C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57179678A (en) * | 1981-04-30 | 1982-11-05 | Nippon Kikai Kogyo Kk | Ultrasonic method and device for detecting distance |
| JPS5973784A (en) * | 1982-10-20 | 1984-04-26 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Ultrasonic distance detecting apparatus |
| JPS62235587A (en) * | 1986-02-24 | 1987-10-15 | Nec Home Electronics Ltd | Pulse radar |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1099870A (en) | 1995-03-08 |
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