CN103451508A - Method for preparing high-strength stainless steel - Google Patents
Method for preparing high-strength stainless steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN103451508A CN103451508A CN2013103678905A CN201310367890A CN103451508A CN 103451508 A CN103451508 A CN 103451508A CN 2013103678905 A CN2013103678905 A CN 2013103678905A CN 201310367890 A CN201310367890 A CN 201310367890A CN 103451508 A CN103451508 A CN 103451508A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing high-strength stainless steel. The method is characterized by comprising the steps: firstly respectively preparing a high-nitrogen alloy melt and a Fe-Cr-Mn melt, then blending the high-nitrogen alloy melt to the Fe-Cr-Mn melt in a manner of limited flow, controlling the temperature and evenly stirring to be delivered, and pouring. According to the method, the high-nitrogen alloy and Fe-Cr-Mn are stably fused together, the nitrogen escape can be obviously reduced, a high-nitrogen steel billet with fewer bubbles and high nitrogen content can be prepared, and the maximum nitrogen content can achieve more than or equal to 1.0wt% through detection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for preparing high-strength stainless steel, particularly the method for normal pressure smelting high nitrogen stainless steel, belong to field of iron and steel smelting.
Background technology
High nitrogen stainless steel (hereinafter referred to as high nitrogen steel) is attracted attention with excellent properties such as its joint nickel, anti-corrosion, high strength, high-ductilities, as anti-corrosion stainless novel steel grade of tough while of height, can obtain widespread use in broader more complicated field.
High nitrogen steel main chemical elements consists of iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), nitrogen (N) and a small amount of molybdenum (Mo), copper (Cu), silicon (Si), niobium (Nb), vanadium (V), titanium (Ti) etc., wherein answer >=0.6%wt of the content of nitrogen element.When high nitrogen smelting steel, the nitrogen difficulty adds and easily overflows from melt and form nitrogen, and therefore general the employing under high pressure smelted, and limited output.200810050792.8 patent application has proposed under the normal pressure high nitrogen ferrochrome is added the method for Fe-Mn melt smelting high-nitrogen steel, 201210458675.1 patent application has also proposed under the normal pressure nitrogenized manganese is added the method for Fe-Cr melt smelting high-nitrogen steel, makes to produce and become possibility under high nitrogen steel normal pressure.But add high nitrogen ferrochrome still to have a large amount of nitrogen to overflow to the Fe-Mn melt, need the fast pace operation, after the one-tenth ingot, nitrogen content is unstable, need the long period solution treatment to eliminate nitride and ferrite; And add the nitrogenized manganese process to have that a large amount of manganese is oxidized overflows a large amount of nitrogen to the Fe-Cr melt, also be difficult to obtain the high nitrogen steel that nitrogen content is higher.
Experimental study shows, to the Fe-Mn melt with to the Fe-Cr melt, add solid-state high nitrogen alloy process to occur that a large amount of major causes of overflowing of nitrogen are: nitrogen content higher containing nitrogenous ferrochrome at Fe-Mn(Fe-Cr) rapid melting causes a large amount of nitrogen to be released fast in solid-liquid interface in melt, but can not by melt, be absorbed in time, cause a large amount of nitrogen to be overflowed as nitrogen, make melt can not obtain desirable high nitrogen-containing, thereby can not get the high nitrogen steel of desirable nitrogen content, and undissolved high nitrogen ferrochrome also can not be overflowed in time because of a large amount of nitrogen bubble that the molten nitrogen scarce capacity of solid-liquid face produces when casting solidification before melt solidifying, be stranded in steel billet and form air blister defect.
Adopting liquid being blended into is one of method reduced high nitrogen steel melt nitrogen effusion, 200810300678.6 patent application proposes the molten steel of melting is joined to the high nitrogen steel of preparation in nitrogen-containing alloy liquid, can make the high nitrogen-containing of high nitrogen steel reach 0.95wt%, but the Retaining Ring Steel of N >=0.47% and the nitrogen content embodiment at 0.15～0.4wt% nitrogenous steel only is provided.In general the nitrogen content of high nitrogen steel (in 0.6～1.2wt% scope) is higher, its performance is just more superior, to significantly improve its property indices and improve the application level in power generation equipment as the nitrogen content along with Retaining Ring Steel improves, the nitrogen content that therefore as far as possible improves high nitrogen steel is necessary.And experiment shows, the low-carbon (LC) molten steel is blended in nitrogen-containing alloy liquid simply and still can causes a large amount of nitrogen to overflow and be difficult to obtain the high nitrogen steel that nitrogen content is higher.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for preparing high-strength stainless steel, it is for adopting the high nitrogen alloy melt to prepare the high nitrogen steel of higher nitrogen content, it is the method for the standby high nitrogen steel of a kind of normal pressure liquid exchange, can make the high nitrogen alloy that joins basic molten steel comparatively fast be absorbed, significantly reducing nitrogen overflows, obtain the higher and stable high nitrogen steel melt of nitrogen content, thereby can obtain the high nitrogen steel billet that bubble is few, nitrogen content is high.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of method for preparing high-strength stainless steel, it is characterized in that: after preparing respectively high nitrogen alloy melt and Fe-Cr-Mn melt, high nitrogen alloy melt current limliting is blended into to the Fe-Cr-Mn melt, temperature control and stir after the cast of coming out of the stove, wherein concrete steps are as follows:
1) prepare the high nitrogen alloy melt, its high nitrogen alloy consists of the mixture of high nitrogen ferrochrome and nitrided ferro-chromium and nitrogenized manganese, and blending ratio is that the control nitrogen content is 2～10wt% arbitrarily; After rapid melting is melt in smelting furnace by high nitrogen alloy, melt is remained on to the lesser temps that can maintain melt state, temperature is controlled in 1450 ℃～1600 ℃ scopes;
2) prepare the Fe-Cr-Mn melt, select or technically pure iron that the refining carbon content is lower, to after its fusing, add manganese metal and extra low carbon ferrochromium, make Mn content account for 5～40wt% of melt, Cr content accounts for 0～20wt% of melt, keep melt carbon content≤0.08wt%, keep melt temperature in 1500 ℃～1700 ℃ scopes;
3) prepare high nitrogen steel melt: the high nitrogen alloy melt is rapidly heated to 1550 ℃～1700 ℃, slowly be blended into the Fe-Cr-Mn melt with single channel or multistream, every single channel flow≤300kg/min, stirring melt mixes it, the mixing process temperature is controlled in 1450 ℃～1600 ℃ scopes, and the mix and blend time is 0～15min;
4) cast of coming out of the stove after after mix and blend, high nitrogen steel melt temperature being adjusted to 1550 ℃～1650 ℃ fast.
The de-S of above-mentioned smelting process, de-P, de-O and slag making, deslagging method are conventional steel-making working method.
Described fusing and holding furnace are medium-frequency induction furnace or LF stove (ladle refining furnace).
Described stirring melt mode can be by the inductance alr mode produced in the medium-frequency induction furnace operational process.
The material of described high nitrogen alloy is high nitrogen ferrochrome, and its nitrogen content is 5～12wt%.
The material of described high nitrogen alloy is nitrided ferro-chromium, and its nitrogen content is 3～5wt%.
The mixture that the material of described high nitrogen alloy is high nitrogen ferrochrome and nitrided ferro-chromium and nitrogenized manganese, its nitrogenized manganese proportion≤50wt%.
Described the high nitrogen alloy melt slowly being blended into to the high nitrogen alloy melt with multistream, is slowly to be blended into the Fe-Cr-Mn melt, every single channel flow after adopting split into>=2 a fluid streams of splitter
≤300kg/min.
Described splitter is the refractory material member that can be the multistream low discharge by the large flow shunt of single channel by fluid that prior art is made.
Described every single channel flow≤200kg/min of Fe-Cr-Mn melt that the high nitrogen alloy melt slowly is blended into single channel or multistream.
The mixing process temperature of the high nitrogen steel melt of described preparation is controlled in 1450 ℃～1530 ℃ scopes.
The mix and blend time of the high nitrogen steel melt of described preparation is 0～5min.
Positively effect of the present invention is to be conducive to high nitrogen alloy and Fe-Cr-Mn steadily fuses, significantly reducing nitrogen overflows, can obtain the higher and more stable high nitrogen steel melt of nitrogen content, thereby obtain the high nitrogen steel billet that bubble is few, nitrogen content is high, detect nitrogen content the highest can >=1.0wt%; Test-results of the present invention shows, for guaranteeing that the high nitrogen alloy melt is blended into basic molten steel and prepares high nitrogen steel melt Nitrogen During effusion minimizing, need to take following measure:
1) chemical composition of basic molten steel designed to preparation, be blended into the high nitrogen steel of front interpolation required guarantor's nitrogen element M n, Cr, Mo etc. and reduce carbon content (element that repels nitrogen), form Fe-Mn-Cr melt or Fe-Mn-Cr-Mo melt, thereby improve the rapid absorption ability of melt to nitrogen;
2) before being blended into
also canadd high nitrogen steel required guarantor's nitrogen element M n, Cr etc. to the high nitrogen alloy melt, reduce the percentage composition of nitrogen in its melt;
3) adopt multistream, every a fluid stream low discharge is blended into the method for high nitrogen alloy melt,
fully guaranteethe contact area that the melt of two kinds of heterogeneities mixes; Also can adopt the single channel low discharge to be blended into the method for high nitrogen alloy melt, but need to extend the time that is blended into;
4) reduce is blended into process and is blended into the temperature of rear uniform stirring and tries one's best the minimizing process time used.
Embodiment
Test is technically pure iron (C≤0.05wt%), high nitrogen ferrochrome (N=8wt% with material, Cr=60wt%), nitrided ferro-chromium (N=3wt%, Cr=60wt%), nitrogenized manganese (nitrogenization manganese metal N=7wt%, Mn=90wt%), electrolytic metal Mn (Mn >=98wt%), extra low carbon ferrochromium (C≤0.06wt%, Cr=60wt%); Test adopts a 5T medium-frequency induction furnace and a 2T medium-frequency induction furnace with smelting furnace, melts respectively basic molten steel and high nitrogen alloy; Testing main design mix is: C≤0.05wt%, and Cr=18～20wt%, Mn=15～18wt%, N=0.7～1.1wt%, other element≤3wt% such as Mo, Si, S, P, surplus is Fe; The about 5000kg of each test high nitrogen steel weight of preparation.
Embodiment 1
Prepare high nitrogen steel with nitrided ferro-chromium for mainly adding the nitrogen alloy:
It is 5030kg that material is prepared gross weight, wherein:
Preparation Fe-Cr-Mn melt material consists of: electrolytic metal Mn 950kg, extra low carbon ferrochromium 10kg, technically pure iron 2400kg;
Preparing the high nitrogen alloy melt material consists of: high nitrogen ferrochrome 10kg, nitrided ferro-chromium 1650kg, nitrogenized manganese 10kg.
1) prepare the Fe-Cr-Mn melt with the 5T medium-frequency induction furnace: first to adding after whole technically pure irons and extra low carbon ferrochromium the heating that heats up in stove, add whole electrolytic metal Mns after partial melting, continue heating until all fusings, keep between 1550 ℃～1580 ℃ of its melt temperatures.
2) prepare the high nitrogen alloy melt with the 2T medium-frequency induction furnace: all add in stove the heating that heats up until all fusings high nitrogen ferrochrome, nitrided ferro-chromium and nitrogenized manganese, keep between 1580 ℃～1600 ℃ of its melt temperatures.
3) after being risen to 1670 ℃, the high nitrogen alloy melt temperature pours the insulation casting ladle into, the single channel that the flow of take again is 300kg/min is blended into the Fe-Cr-Mn melt, the process that is blended into is adjusted to 0 power by the 5T medium-frequency induction furnace and waves gently the insulation casting ladle and changes the position in high nitrogen alloy melt inflow Fe-Cr-Mn melt, about 6min of the process that is blended into time used.
4) after being blended into, measuring melt temperature is 1540 ℃, adjusts medium-frequency induction furnace power, and keeping melt temperature is 1520 ℃～1550 ℃, after utilizing the intermediate frequency electromagnetic effect to be stirred 2min, melt temperature is risen to after 1650 ℃ and deoxidation are slagged tap to the cast that sampled and come out of the stove simultaneously.
Detection obtains high nitrogen steel 4958kg, detects its main chemical compositions and is: C=0.045wt%, and Cr=19.9wt%, Mn=17.8wt%, N=0.83wt%, Fe=58.5wt%, remaining is other element.
Embodiment 2
Prepare high nitrogen steel with high nitrogen ferrochrome for mainly adding the nitrogen alloy:
It is 5050kg that material is prepared gross weight, wherein:
Preparation Fe-Cr-Mn melt material consists of: electrolytic metal Mn 950kg, extra low carbon ferrochromium 60kg, technically pure iron 2420kg;
Preparing the high nitrogen alloy melt material consists of: high nitrogen ferrochrome 1600kg, nitrided ferro-chromium 10kg, nitrogenized manganese 10kg.
1) prepare the Fe-Cr-Mn melt process with the 5T medium-frequency induction furnace identical with embodiment 1.
2) prepare the high nitrogen alloy melt with the 2T medium-frequency induction furnace: all add in stove the heating that heats up until all fusings high nitrogen ferrochrome, nitrided ferro-chromium and nitrogenized manganese, keep between 1580 ℃～1600 ℃ of its melt temperatures, because the CrN in high nitrogen ferrochrome is unstable, during melting and heat preservation, can decompose with the effusion of splashing of a large amount of nitrogen, therefore need to extend soaking time, until splash, obviously reduce (only remaining stable Cr
2n and a small amount of CrN), then it is blended into to the Fe-Cr-Mn melt.
3) after being risen to 1650 ℃, the high nitrogen alloy melt temperature pours the insulation casting ladle into, with 1 minute 4 a fluid stream splitter, the high nitrogen alloy melt is divided into to 4 bundle shuntings again and is blended into the Fe-Cr-Mn melt, every single channel flow control is about 150kg/min, the 5T medium-frequency induction furnace is adjusted to 0 power to the process that is blended into and jog pendulum insulation casting ladle changes the position in high nitrogen alloy melt inflow Fe-Cr-Mn melt, about 3min of the process that is blended into time used.
4) after being blended into, measuring melt temperature is 1550 ℃, adjusts medium-frequency induction furnace power, and keeping melt temperature is 1520 ℃～1550 ℃, after utilizing the intermediate frequency electromagnetic effect to be stirred 2min, melt temperature is risen to after 1620 ℃ and deoxidation are slagged tap to the cast that sampled and come out of the stove simultaneously.
Detection obtains high nitrogen steel 4963kg, detects its main chemical compositions and is: C=0.049wt%, and Cr=19.4wt%, Mn=17.2wt%, N=1.05wt%, Fe=59.4wt%, remaining is other element.
Embodiment 3
Prepare high nitrogen steel with nitrided ferro-chromium and nitrogenized manganese for mainly adding the nitrogen alloy:
It is 5050kg that material is prepared gross weight, wherein:
Preparation Fe-Cr-Mn melt material consists of: electrolytic metal Mn 200kg, extra low carbon ferrochromium 780kg, technically pure iron 2400kg;
Preparing the high nitrogen alloy melt material consists of: nitrided ferro-chromium 900kg, nitrogenized manganese 770kg.
Prepare the Fe-Cr-Mn melt process, prepare the high nitrogen alloy melt process, the high nitrogen alloy melt is blended into to the Fe-Cr-Mn melt process and has been blended into to sampling identical with embodiment 1 with the cast of coming out of the stove.
Detection obtains high nitrogen steel 4954kg, detects its main chemical compositions and is: C=0.046wt%, and Cr=19.0wt%, Mn=16.2wt%, N=0.81wt%, Fe=61.0wt%, remaining is other element.
Embodiment 4
Prepare high nitrogen steel with high nitrogen ferrochrome and nitrogenized manganese for mainly adding the nitrogen alloy:
It is 5050kg that material is prepared gross weight, wherein:
Preparation Fe-Cr-Mn melt material consists of: electrolytic metal Mn 200kg, extra low carbon ferrochromium 780kg, technically pure iron 2400kg;
Preparing the high nitrogen alloy melt material consists of: high nitrogen ferrochrome 900kg, nitrogenized manganese 770kg.
Prepare the Fe-Cr-Mn melt process, prepare the high nitrogen alloy melt process, the high nitrogen alloy melt is blended into to the Fe-Cr-Mn melt process and has been blended into to sampling identical with embodiment 2 with the cast of coming out of the stove.
Detection obtains high nitrogen steel 4945kg, detects its main chemical compositions and is: C=0.05wt%, and Cr=19.1wt%, Mn=16.5wt%, N=0.91wt%, Fe=60.5wt%, remaining is other element.
From above-described embodiment, can find out, the high nitrogen steel capital prepared by the method for the invention has obtained higher nitrogen content, and has guaranteed that Cr, Mn content are in the scope of design.
Claims (6)
1. an a kind of method for preparing high nitrogen steel of method for preparing high-strength stainless steel, it is characterized in that: after preparing respectively high nitrogen alloy melt and Fe-Cr-Mn melt, high nitrogen alloy melt current limliting is blended into to the Fe-Cr-Mn melt, temperature control and stir after the cast of coming out of the stove, wherein concrete steps are as follows:
1) prepare the high nitrogen alloy melt, its high nitrogen alloy consists of the mixture of high nitrogen ferrochrome and nitrided ferro-chromium and nitrogenized manganese, and blending ratio is that the control nitrogen content is 2～10wt% arbitrarily; After rapid melting is melt in smelting furnace by high nitrogen alloy, melt is remained on to the lesser temps that can maintain melt state, temperature is controlled in 1450 ℃～1600 ℃ scopes;
2) prepare the Fe-Cr-Mn melt, select or technically pure iron that the refining carbon content is lower, to after its fusing, add manganese metal and extra low carbon ferrochromium, make Mn content account for 5～40wt% of melt, Cr content accounts for 0～20wt% of melt, keep melt carbon content≤0.08wt%, keep melt temperature in 1500 ℃～1700 ℃ scopes;
3) prepare high nitrogen steel melt: the high nitrogen alloy melt is rapidly heated to 1550 ℃～1700 ℃, slowly be blended into the Fe-Cr-Mn melt with single channel or multistream, the single channel flow is not more than 300kg/min, stirring melt mixes it, the mixing process temperature is controlled in 1450 ℃～1600 ℃ scopes, and the mix and blend time is 0～15min;
4) the mix and blend cast of coming out of the stove after after completing, high nitrogen steel melt being adjusted to 1550 ℃～1650 ℃ fast.
2. according to a kind of method for preparing high nitrogen steel shown in claim 1, it is characterized in that in described high nitrogen alloy, the nitrogenized manganese proportion is≤50wt%.
3. according to a kind of method for preparing high nitrogen steel shown in claim 1, it is characterized in that described high nitrogen alloy melt take every single channel flow that single channel or multistream slowly be blended into the Fe-Cr-Mn melt as≤200kg/min.
4. according to a kind of method for preparing high nitrogen steel shown in claim 1, it is characterized in that the mixing process temperature of the high nitrogen steel melt of described preparation is controlled in 1450 ℃～1530 ℃ scopes.
5. according to a kind of method for preparing high nitrogen steel shown in claim 1, the mix and blend time that it is characterized in that the high nitrogen steel melt of described preparation is 0～5min.
6. according to a kind of method for preparing high nitrogen steel shown in claim 1, it is characterized in that described the high nitrogen alloy melt slowly being blended into to the high nitrogen alloy melt with multistream, be slowly to be blended into the Fe-Cr-Mn melt after adopting split into >=2 a fluid streams of splitter, every single channel flow is not more than 300kg/min.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115401216A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-11-29 | 华北理工大学 | Method for preparing high-nitrogen stainless steel by selective laser melting of alloy over-mixed powder |
| CN115446331A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-12-09 | 华北理工大学 | Method for preparing high-nitrogen stainless steel by selective laser melting of pure metal over-mixed powder |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101250662A (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2008-08-27 | 二重集团（德阳）重型装备股份有限公司 | Method for smelting high-nitrogen steel |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101250662A (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2008-08-27 | 二重集团（德阳）重型装备股份有限公司 | Method for smelting high-nitrogen steel |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115401216A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-11-29 | 华北理工大学 | Method for preparing high-nitrogen stainless steel by selective laser melting of alloy over-mixed powder |
| CN115446331A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-12-09 | 华北理工大学 | Method for preparing high-nitrogen stainless steel by selective laser melting of pure metal over-mixed powder |
| CN115401216B (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2024-03-05 | 华北理工大学 | Method for preparing high-nitrogen stainless steel by alloy powder passing through selective laser melting |
| CN115446331B (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2024-03-05 | 华北理工大学 | Method for preparing high-nitrogen stainless steel by laser melting of pure metal powder through selected area |
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