CN103446834B - A kind of vacuum filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a vacuum filter and belongs to the technical field of filters. The upper part of the shell of the filter has a filter cavity, the lower part of the filter cavity is a filter cavity, a set of tubular filter bags are placed in the filter cavity, the filter cavity is equipped with a pulse injection device, the bottom of the filter cavity is a diversion cone, and the shell The straight section containing the diversion cone extends downwards. The straight section has a tangential air inlet and a dust collection cone. The bottom end of the dust collection cone is an ash outlet. There is a labyrinth device inside the diversion cone. It consists of a set of metal lower deflectors and a set of metal upper deflectors that radiate. The invention organically combines cyclone dust removal and filter dust removal, has compact structure, good purification effect, long service life and convenient operation.

Description

a vacuum filter

technical field

The invention relates to a filter, in particular to a vacuum filter, and belongs to the technical field of filters.

Background technique

Bag filter is a kind of equipment widely used in many fields such as environmental protection and purification. The traditional bag filter is mainly composed of filtration system, pulse injection system, compressed air system, ash discharge system and so on. When working, the bag-shaped filter element made of fiber braid is used to capture the solid particles in the dust-laden gas to achieve the effect of dust removal.

When the existing bag filter is used to process the high-temperature dust-containing gas discharged from blast furnaces such as steel mills, the filter bag is easily burned out by heat. The use of cooling first and then filtering will make the dust removal equipment bulky, and it is difficult to remove the large particles of dust that settle during the cooling stage.

The Chinese patent application with the application number 201220318437.6 discloses a vacuum filter, which includes a filter housing, an air inlet pipe centrally arranged on the top cover of the filter cylinder, and a filter filter centrally fixed under the top cover of the filter cylinder. The bag bracket, the bracket is the upper end, a cylindrical grill frame welded by steel bars; the filter bag is set and fixed on the filter bag bracket. A vacuum filter of the present invention is used for the airflow filtering device at the front end of the sponge titanium distillation vacuum unit, which can improve the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the vacuum unit, and prevent low-priced substances or magnesium powder and magnesium chloride powder in the airflow from entering the vacuum system. Contaminated pump oil. However, there are the following problems in the use of this type of filter: 1) Since there is no large particle capture structure, it is easy to spontaneously ignite and form sparks when filtering high-temperature gas containing metal particles, which will cause the filter components to burn out and fail; , so it is unavoidable that the unevenness of the dusty gas will cause some filter components to fail too quickly, resulting in a rapid pressure drop in the system, resulting in high maintenance frequency and increased production costs; Service life of filter elements.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to: aim at the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, to propose a vacuum filter that can not only filter high-temperature dust-containing gas, but also has a good dust removal effect, and has a compact structure and a long service life of the filter bag, so as to meet the requirements of blast furnace exhaust gas. Process demand.

In order to achieve the above object, the vacuum filter of the present invention includes a vertical cylindrical filter housing, the upper part of the housing has a filter chamber that is evacuated during operation and leads to the air outlet, and the lower part of the filter chamber is through the filter bag. The filter cavity separated by the bracket plate, a group of pockets are placed in the filter cavity to support the tubular filter bag supported by the filter bag bracket plate, and the filter cavity is equipped with a pulse injection device with nozzles facing each filter bag respectively. The bottom of the filter cavity is a tapered diversion cone, the improvement is that: the housing extends downwards to contain a straight section containing the diversion cone, and the straight section has a tangential air inlet and a tapered bottom. Dust collection cone, the bottom end of the dust collection cone is an ash outlet that can be opened and closed, the bottom end of the flow guide cone has a bottom opening extending into the dust collection cone, and there is a labyrinth device inside the flow guide cone. The labyrinth device is composed of a group of metal lower deflectors radially radiating from the central axis and a group of metal upper deflectors.

When working, the high-temperature dust-laden gas enters the dust-collecting cone from the tangential air inlet, forming a downward-swirling cyclone, so that the large particles of dust hit the wall of the dust-collecting cone under the action of centrifugal force and fall to the ash outlet. The negative pressure in the center of the cyclone makes the airflow enter the bottom opening of the diversion cone and pass through the labyrinth device. The device not only plays the role of uniform air flow, but also makes the gas dissipate heat and cool down, and then the clean gas that passes through the filter bag enters the filter chamber for output.

A further improvement of the present invention is that the angular positions of the lower deflector and the upper deflector are staggered, so that the air flow can be fully uniformed.

A further perfection of the present invention is that the bottom side of the dust collection cone is provided with an arch opening for inputting pulsed airflow. In this way, the ideal cleaning effect can be guaranteed.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1 .

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the filter bag in Fig. 1 .

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the maze in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A of FIG. 4 .

Fig. 7 is a B-B sectional view of Fig. 4 .

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure at the bottom of FIG. 1 .

Detailed ways

Embodiment one

The vacuum filter of this embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, comprises a vertical cylindrical filter housing 1 with a circular section, the top of the housing 1 has a vacuum flange port 1-14 connected with the vacuum generating device, and the upper part has a Vacuumize and lead to the filter chamber 1-1 of the air outlet 1-4 during work. The lower part of the filter cavity 1-1 is a filter cavity 1-3 separated by a filter bag support plate 1-2, and a group of tubular filter bags 2 supported by the filter bag support plate are arranged in the filter cavity 1-3. The filter cavity 1-1 is equipped with a pulse injection device 3 whose nozzles are respectively directed to each filter bag. The bottom of the filter chamber 1-3 is a tapered diversion cone 1-5. The casing 1 extends downwards to a straight section 1-6 containing the diversion cone 1-5. The straight section 1-6 has a tangential air inlet 1-8 and a dust collection cone 1-7 tapered at the bottom. The bottom end of the dust collecting cone 1-7 is a dust collecting cylinder 1-11 with a dust outlet 1-9 which can be opened and closed. The bottom end of the diversion cone 1-5 has a bottom opening 1-10 extending into the dust collection cone 1-7.

There is a labyrinth device in the diversion cone 1-5, and the labyrinth device is shown in Figures 5 to 7, and is radially radiated by a vertical central axis 5-1 and is uniformly distributed with twelve metal lower deflector plates 5-3 and Twelve metal upper deflectors 5-2 constitute. There is an axial interval 5-4 between the lower deflector 5-3 and the upper deflector 5-2, and their angular positions are staggered. When the high-temperature air enters, the metal lower deflector 5-3 and the metal upper deflector 5-2 can make the air flow fully uniform, and at the same time have a good heat dissipation and cooling effect.

In addition, the bottom side of the dust collecting cone 1-7 is provided with an arch breaking opening 1-12 for inputting pulsed airflow. In this way, pulsed air can be input when necessary, so that the dust on the pipe wall can be fully deposited. As shown in Figure 8, the ash outlet 1-9 is equipped with an ash cover 9-1 hinged on the lower end side of the dust collection tube 1-11, and the outer end of the lever arm extended by the ash cover 9-1 is connected with the hinge. The piston rod end of the ash-discharging cylinder 9-2 at the lower end of the dust-collecting cone 1-7 is hinged, so when the dust reaches the material level meter 1-13, the control opens the ash-discharging cover 9-1 to remove dust in time. In order to ensure reliable sealing when the ash outlet cover 9-1 is closed, a locking hook that locks the dust outlet cover 9-1 when closed is also hinged on the side of the dust collection cylinder 1-11 away from the hinge of the ash outlet cover 9-1 9-3, the outer end of the compression rod extended by the locking hook 9-3 is hinged with the piston rod end of the locking cylinder 9-3 hinged on the dust collection tube 1-11, so it can be connected to the dust cover 9-3. 1 After closing, press the ash cover to make it reliably sealed.

When working, the filter of this embodiment organically combines the cyclone dust removal and filter dust removal, so the structure is compact and the purification effect is good, and the experiment proves that it also has the following advantages:

1) Operation in a vacuum state can prevent the high-temperature active metal from producing an open flame by controlling the oxygen content, and prevent the filter bag from being burned out due to heat.

2) The airflow is evenly distributed and copper metal with good thermal conductivity is used for heat dissipation, so the service life of the filter bag can be significantly extended.

3) The diversion cone can collect large particles of dust during the process of changing the airflow direction, reducing the burden on the filter bag.

4) The arch breaking device adopts air vibration instead of mechanical vibration, and the cleaning effect is more obvious.

5) The cleaning device has good sealing effect and is easy to operate.

Claims (6)

1. A vacuum filter, comprising a vertical cylindrical filter housing, the upper part of the housing has a filter chamber that is evacuated during work and leads to the air outlet, and the lower part of the filter chamber is separated by a filter bag support plate. An open filter cavity, in which a group of pockets are placed to support tubular filter bags supported by the filter bag bracket plate, the filter clean cavity is equipped with a pulse injection device with nozzles facing each filter bag respectively, the filter The bottom of the cavity is a tapered diversion cone, which is characterized in that: the housing extends downward to contain a straight section containing the diversion cone, and the straight section has a tangential air inlet and a tapered dust collection cone at the bottom, so The bottom end of the dust collection cone is an ash outlet that can be opened and closed. The bottom end of the flow guide cone has a bottom opening that extends into the dust collection cone. There is a labyrinth device inside the flow guide cone. A set of metal lower deflectors and a set of metal upper deflectors radially radiate from the axis. 2. The vacuum filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the angular positions of the lower deflector and the upper deflector are staggered. 3. The vacuum filter according to claim 2, characterized in that: there is an axial interval between the lower deflector and the upper deflector. 4. The vacuum filter according to claim 3, characterized in that: one side of the bottom of the dust collection cone is provided with a broken arch for inputting pulsed airflow. 5. The vacuum filter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the ash outlet is equipped with an ash cover hinged on one side of the lower end of the dust collection tube, and the ash cover extends The outer end of the lever arm is hinged with the piston rod end of the ash-discharging cylinder hinged at the lower end of the dust collecting cone. 6. The vacuum filter according to claim 5, characterized in that: the side of the dust collecting cylinder away from the hinge of the dust outlet cover is also hinged with a locking hook that clamps the dust outlet cover when it is closed, and the The outer end of the compression rod extended from the locking hook is hinged with the piston rod end of the locking cylinder hinged on the dust collection tube.