CN103446739B - The estimating and measuring method of track and field 5000m sportsman specific physical quality and system - Google Patents
The estimating and measuring method of track and field 5000m sportsman specific physical quality and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103446739B CN103446739B CN201210173221.XA CN201210173221A CN103446739B CN 103446739 B CN103446739 B CN 103446739B CN 201210173221 A CN201210173221 A CN 201210173221A CN 103446739 B CN103446739 B CN 103446739B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to athletes ' body quality estimation technical field, particularly relate to a kind of estimating and measuring method and system of track and field 5000m sportsman specific physical quality.The present invention measures athletic body index respectively, then undertaken estimating athletic specific physical quality by this body index, its system used comprises the information gathering subsystem for gathering athletes ' body index, the information collected for the treatment of information gathering subsystem obtains the information analysis subsystem estimating result, described information gathering subsystem comprises height tester, type register for sit-ups, 50 meters of race testers, 100 meters of race testers, pulse test meter, it is connected with described information analysis subsystem respectively, information analysis subsystem estimates athletic specific physical quality after carrying out data analysis, this system architecture science, easy to use, can estimate athletic specific physical quality fast.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to athletes ' body quality estimation technical field, particularly relate to a kind of estimating and measuring method and system of track and field 5000m sportsman specific physical quality.
Background technology
Athletic fitness comprises strength, speed, endurance, the basic exercise ability such as pliable and tough, sensitive, these abilities are by decisions such as athletic morphosis, organism level, energy matter deposit and other metaboilic levels, and for the ability of sportsman in a certain sports events, can by having the technical physical exercise of close ties relevant with this special project, find out the technical physical exercise having close ties with this project, not only may be used for instructing sportsman to carry out special training, be also conducive to selecting athletes, the achievement of predicted motion person.
For track and field 5000m project, men's 5,000m long-distance running world record be 12 points 37 seconds 35, women's 5,000m long-distance running run world record be 14 points 24 seconds 53, complete this project not only consuming time, also consume very much athletic muscle power, therefore, how to utilize shorter sports events consuming time, the specific physical quality of estimation sportsman 5000m long-distance running, for the athletic ability of raising, selected athletes great positive effect.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of estimating and measuring method and system of track and field 5000m sportsman specific physical quality are provided, the method utilizes factorial analysis to find the index relevant to this project, by measuring this index, estimate athletic specific physical quality, this system architecture science, easy to use, can estimate athletic specific physical quality fast.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
An estimating and measuring method for track and field 5000m sportsman specific physical quality, measures athletic body index respectively, comprises height X
1, complete the time X of 50 meters of dash
8, complete the time X of the 100 meter dash
5, complete the pulse rate X after the 100 meter dash
6, 30 seconds sit-ups number of times X
13, according to the weight coefficient of each index, according to Y=0.501X
1-0.003X
8+ 0.254X
13+ 0.051X
5+ 0.196X
6, calculate the scoring of track and field 5000m sportsman specific physical quality.
Test the time X of 50 meters of dash
8before, sportsman should have a rest to recovering normal condition.
Test the time X of the 100 meter dash
5with complete the pulse rate X after the 100 meter dash
6before, sportsman should have a rest to recovering normal condition.
Test 30 seconds sit-ups number of times X
13before, sportsman should have a rest to recovering normal condition.
A kind of estimating system of track and field 5000m sportsman specific physical quality, the information comprise the information gathering subsystem for gathering athletes ' body index, collecting for the treatment of information gathering subsystem obtains the information analysis subsystem estimating result, described information gathering subsystem comprises height tester, type register for sit-ups, 50 meters of race testers, 100 meters of race testers, pulse test meters, and described height tester, type register for sit-ups, 50 meters of race testers, 100 meters of race testers, pulse test meters are connected with described information analysis subsystem respectively.
Described information analysis subsystem comprises chip, memory, data reception module, evaluation module, and described chip is electrically connected with described memory, data reception module, evaluation module respectively.
Described evaluation module is provided with display screen.
Described data reception module is provided with wireless receiver or data line interface.
Described height tester, type register for sit-ups, 50 meters of race testers, 100 meters of race testers, pulse test meter respectively with the wireless connections of described information analysis subsystem.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the method for track and field 5000m sportsman specific physical quality estimation of the present invention measures athletic body index respectively, then undertaken estimating athletic specific physical quality by this body index, its system used comprises the information gathering subsystem for gathering athletes ' body index, the information collected for the treatment of information gathering subsystem obtains the information analysis subsystem estimating result, described information gathering subsystem comprises height tester, type register for sit-ups, 50 meters of race testers, 100 meters of race testers, pulse test meter, described height tester, type register for sit-ups, 50 meters of race testers, 100 meters of race testers, pulse test meter is connected with described information analysis subsystem respectively, information analysis subsystem estimates athletic specific physical quality after carrying out data analysis, this system architecture science, easy to use, can estimate athletic specific physical quality fast.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further detailed explanation, is not practical range of the present invention is limited to this.
Embodiment one.
The present embodiment draws the factor of influence relevant with track and field 5000m project by factor analysis, then finds out the representative index of this factor of influence, thus utilizes this to represent the locomitivity of index characterization sportsman in track and field 5000m project.
First, according to track and field 5000m feature and association area expertise, determine that 14 indexs are measured: X
1: height (cm), X
2: body weight (kg), X
3: height and weight ratio, X
4: pulse (secondary/min), X when not moving
5: 100 meters of time (s), X
6: pulse (secondary/min), X after 100 meters of motions
7: run-up is touch ten mean values (m), X
8: 50 meters of time (s), X
9: 6m*16 traveling time (s), X
10: 20 seconds deep-knee-bend number of times (secondary), X
11: halt three grades twice mean value (m), the X of leapfroging
12: jumping from standing position both hands of halting are touch five mean values (m), X
13: sit-ups (secondary) in 30 seconds, X
14: push-up (secondary) in 30 seconds.The sportsman choosing some tests, and test result is as table 1.
Front 17 the sportsman's indices test datas of table 1 5000m long-distance running.
Utilize SPSS software to the data analysis of upper table, draw through KMO inspection, Bartlett sphericity test, KMO=0.505, Sig.=0.000<0.01, explanation can do further factorial analysis.After factorial analysis, the population variance (as shown in table 2) explained can be obtained.
The population variance that table 2 is explained.
Visible, the body mass index relevant with track and field 5000m long-distance running project has 5, can estimate by the ability of these 5 indexs to sportsman's track and field 5000m long-distance running project.Further, setting extracting method is that main composition extracts, and draws the component matrix (as shown in table 3) of corresponding 5 body mass index of 14 test indexs.
Table 3 composition matrix.
The component matrix of his-and-hers watches 3 carries out rotation and obtains being rotated into sub matrix (as shown in table 4).
Table 4 rotates composition matrix.
Can draw according to table 4, the test index of reacting 5 body mass index is respectively:
1, the first main gene: X
1: height (cm), X
2: body weight (kg), X
3: height and weight ratio, X
7: run-up is touch ten mean values (m), X
9: 6m*16 moves (s), X
12: jumping from standing position both hands of halting are touch five mean values (m).
First main gene reflects pliability quality, and the contribution rate of the pliability factor is 31.689%.
Flexibility quality refers to the expansion service of human synovial locomitivity and the soft tissue such as muscle, ligament in different directions.Flexibility quality is one of improving the basic qualities of athlete, and it refers to expansion service and elasticity, the i.e. size of joint motion amplitude and scope of the soft tissue such as muscle, tendon, ligament of trans-articular.Systematically improve or keep flexibility quality, having important function for increasing technical movements amplitude, raising sports achievement and pre-preventing sport damage, is requisite part in track and field sports training process.The flexibility quality of athlete is divided into general flexibility quality and special flexibility quality.General flexibility quality refers to the flexibility quality required for training such as being adapted to general health, technology, tactics.Because each project of track and field sports or each action all have requirement in various degree, so usually the mobility in main for human body joint is considered as general flexibility quality to human body major joint position scope of activities.Special flexibility quality refers to the special flexibility quality needed for specialized movement.It is grasped and improves one of indispensable essential condition of specialized movement technology.In peacetime training process, sportsman generally moves back by drawing, leg pressing, height are lifted leg etc. and promoted ligament pliability.
2, the second main gene: X
8: 50 meters (s), X
10: 20 seconds deep-knee-bend number of times (secondary).
Second main gene reflects speed quality, and the contribution rate of velocity factor is 14.518%.
The reflection of speed quality be the rapid movement ability of human body or health a part.Mainly comprise rapid stimulation respond, the fast ability of execution and the ability quickly through certain segment distance to external world.From available data, in later world-class track and field events in 2005 (within 2005, also existed in the past but trend is very unobvious), sportsman from go to intermediate run and all remain on a higher running velocity, and with accelerating suddenly the tactics application of the intermediate runs such as speed change, the distance of final spurt is also in continuous prolongation in addition, and this just requires that sportsman must have certain high speed ability to run---speed quality.Compared with world-class outstanding middle-distance runner, middle-distance race team of Beijing athletic speed quality is relatively poor, therefore thinks and improves an importance of its sports achievement, is exactly conscientiously to improve speed quality.Equally, China man middle-distance race project demand reaches world-class levels, and also need set about from raising speed quality, and be paid attention in selection, the proportion built up speed in the training process shared by training.Meanwhile, because athlete's achievement just depends on the speed of speed, and improving constantly along with athletes ' body quality, so speed quality is more and more higher to athletic requirement.
3, the 3rd main gene: X
4: pulse (secondary/min), X when not moving
13: sit-ups (secondary) in 30 seconds, X
14: push-up (secondary) in 30 seconds.
3rd main gene reflects strength quality, and the contribution rate of the strength factor is 13.798%.
Strength quality refers to that human nerve muscle systems operationally overcomes or ability to resistive drag force, and being that sportsman's specific technique is grasped and the basis in evening and guarantee, is the indispensable specific physical quality of sportsman.The development level of fitness plays important or even conclusive effect in competition activity structure, and strength quality is as the basic quality of human motion, and it directly affects the grasp of sportsman and sports enthusiast's technology.Therefore, strengthening the research to strength quality training effect, playing a part very important for improving athletic competitive ability and sports achievement and sports enthusiast's train on undoubtedly.
4, the 4th main gene: X
6: 100 meters (s), X
11: twice mean value (m) that leapfrog of halting three grades.
4th main gene reflects springing quality, and the contribution rate of the spring factor is 13.455%.
Springing quality is whole body strength, speed of running, reaction speed, body harmony, flexibility comprehensive embodiment.Springing quality is more and more important to athlete, and it is directly connected to the length in the time interval between the size of paces in long-distance runner's running process and each paces, and paces are larger, pace time period is shorter, and speed is faster, and achievement is better.
5, the 5th main gene: X
6: complete the pulse after the 100 meter dash (secondary/min).
5th main gene reflects endurance, and the contribution rate of the endurance factor is 10.096%.
Endurance refers to that organism in a long time, keeps the ability of certain strength load or quality of movement.Endurance mainly reflects that athlete plays the ability of time length, in man's track and field 5000m, general motion person's required time is probably about 20 minutes, during this period of time sportsman will advance when surmounting the general organism ability limit, this process is also very large to sportsman's physical demands, palpitating speed simultaneously, cardiac pressure increases.So this process requires higher to beat intensity, the embodiment of this also endurance just.
Carry out correlation analysis according to all test indexs, use formula
carry out calculating each specific physical quality and represent index, wherein,
for coefficient correlation between index in class, n is index number in class,
maximum as the representative index between in class.Thus draw the representative index (as shown in table 5) of 5 kinds of factors of influence.
The weight coefficient of the representative index of each special quality factor is determined according to the ratio of the characteristic value sum of each index place special quality factor after postrotational characteristic value and each factor rotation.Calculate, the weight coefficient that each main gene represents index is as shown in table 5:
The each main gene of table 5 represents index and each index weights coefficient.
Therefore, the estimating formula that can obtain track and field 5000m sportsman specific physical quality is:
Y=0.501X
1-0.003X
8+0.254X
13+0.051X
5+0.196X
6
According to this conclusion, the estimating and measuring method of the track and field 5000m sportsman specific physical quality of the present embodiment,
Measure athletic body index respectively, comprise height X
1, complete the time X of 50 meters of dash
8, complete the time X of the 100 meter dash
5, complete the pulse rate X after the 100 meter dash
6, 30 seconds sit-ups number of times X
13, according to above-mentioned estimating formula, calculate the scoring of track and field 5000m sportsman specific physical quality, further, scoring can be converted into hundred-mark system, and it is divided into outstanding, good, medium, pass, differ from five ranks, thus be convenient to get information about athletic ability.
As far as possible accurate in order to ensure the data of testing, should the time X of 50 meters of dash tested
8before, tested the time X of the 100 meter dash
5with complete the pulse rate X after the 100 meter dash
6before, test 30 seconds sit-ups number of times X
13before, sportsman all should have a rest to recovering normal condition.
embodiment two.
The present embodiment provides track and field 5000m sportsman the estimating system of specific physical quality, the information that it comprises information gathering subsystem for gathering athletes ' body index, collect for the treatment of information gathering subsystem obtains estimating the information analysis subsystem of result, information gathering subsystem comprises height tester, type register for sit-ups, 50 meters of race testers, 100 meters of race testers, pulse test meters, and height tester, type register for sit-ups, 50 meters of race testers, 100 meters of race testers, pulse test meters are connected with information analysis subsystem respectively.This system is gathered athletic body index by information gathering subsystem, is processed after collection by information analysis subsystem, then exports estimation result.This system architecture science, easy to use, can estimate athletic specific physical quality fast.Directly can measure in conjunction with athletic ground for using the instrument such as ruler, stopwatch for the height tester of the present embodiment, type register for sit-ups, 50 meters of race testers, 100 meters of race testers, pulse test meters, also can be special tester.
Further, information analysis subsystem comprises chip, memory, data reception module, evaluation module, chip is electrically connected with memory, data reception module, evaluation module respectively, and with software in chip, chip controls data reception module, evaluation module.
Further, for the ease of exporting estimation result, evaluation module is provided with display screen, and estimation result exports over the display, also can pass through loudspeaker or printer output.
Data reception module is provided with wireless receiver or data line interface, in order to easy to use, the height tester of the present embodiment, type register for sit-ups, 50 meters of race testers, 100 meters of race testers, pulse test meter respectively with the wireless connections of information analysis subsystem.The data that information gathering subsystem collects directly wirelessly are sent to information analysis subsystem and process.
Finally should be noted that; above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention; but not limiting the scope of the invention; although done to explain to the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment; those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that; can modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not depart from essence and the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. an estimating and measuring method for track and field 5000m sportsman specific physical quality, is characterized in that: measure athletic body index respectively, comprise height X
1, complete the time X of 50 meters of dash
8, complete the time X of the 100 meter dash
5, complete the pulse rate X after the 100 meter dash
6, 30 seconds sit-ups number of times X
13, according to the weight coefficient of each index, according to Y=0.501X
1-0.003X
8+ 0.254X
13+ 0.051X
5+ 0.196X
6, calculate the scoring of track and field 5000m sportsman specific physical quality.
2. the estimating and measuring method of track and field 5000m sportsman specific physical quality according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the time X having tested 50 meters of dash
8before, sportsman should have a rest to recovering normal condition.
3. the estimating and measuring method of track and field 5000m sportsman specific physical quality according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the time X having tested the 100 meter dash
5with complete the pulse rate X after the 100 meter dash
6before, sportsman should have a rest to recovering normal condition.
4. the estimating and measuring method of track and field 5000m sportsman specific physical quality according to claim 3, is characterized in that: test 30 seconds sit-ups number of times X
13before, sportsman should have a rest to recovering normal condition.
5. the estimating system of the estimating and measuring method of the track and field 5000m sportsman specific physical quality of an application rights requirement described in 1 ~ 4 any one, it is characterized in that: comprise the information gathering subsystem for gathering athletes ' body index, the information collected for the treatment of information gathering subsystem obtains the information analysis subsystem estimating result, described information gathering subsystem comprises height tester, type register for sit-ups, 50 meters of race testers, 100 meters of race testers, pulse test meter, described height tester, type register for sit-ups, 50 meters of race testers, 100 meters of race testers, pulse test meter is connected with described information analysis subsystem respectively.
6. the estimating system of the estimating and measuring method of application track and field 5000m sportsman specific physical quality according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described information analysis subsystem comprises chip, memory, data reception module, evaluation module, and described chip is electrically connected with described memory, data reception module, evaluation module respectively.
7. the estimating system of the estimating and measuring method of application track and field 5000m sportsman specific physical quality according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described evaluation module is provided with display screen.
8. the estimating system of the estimating and measuring method of application track and field 5000m sportsman specific physical quality according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described data reception module is provided with wireless receiver or data line interface.
9. the estimating system of the estimating and measuring method of application track and field 5000m sportsman specific physical quality according to claim 8, is characterized in that: described height tester, type register for sit-ups, 50 meters of race testers, 100 meters of race testers, pulse test meter respectively with the wireless connections of described information analysis subsystem.
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| CN108079554B (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-07-30 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of exercise test type body mass index evaluation method and system |
| CN110083648B (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2023-06-02 | 河北省体育科学研究所 | Winter project athlete scientific material selection and auxiliary analysis system |
| CN110164555A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-08-23 | 南京慧跑网络科技有限公司 | The state decision-making system and method defined the level in conjunction with cardiorespiratory Endurance level and locomitivity |
| CN113181620A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-30 | 上海松鼠课堂人工智能科技有限公司 | Sports evaluation method and system based on virtual reality |
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| CN101367012A (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2009-02-18 | 阿迪达斯国际经营管理有限公司 | Sports electronic training system and use thereof |
| CN101474474A (en) * | 2008-10-08 | 2009-07-08 | 孙学川 | Intelligence test system for running events |
| CN102210926A (en) * | 2010-04-08 | 2011-10-12 | 上海体育学院 | Long jump training system based on force measurement platform and digitalization track |
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| CN101367012A (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2009-02-18 | 阿迪达斯国际经营管理有限公司 | Sports electronic training system and use thereof |
| CN101474474A (en) * | 2008-10-08 | 2009-07-08 | 孙学川 | Intelligence test system for running events |
| CN102210926A (en) * | 2010-04-08 | 2011-10-12 | 上海体育学院 | Long jump training system based on force measurement platform and digitalization track |
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