CN103443999B - Capacitive sensor device, handheld radio transceiver and operational approach thereof - Google Patents
Capacitive sensor device, handheld radio transceiver and operational approach thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103443999B CN103443999B CN201280013890.9A CN201280013890A CN103443999B CN 103443999 B CN103443999 B CN 103443999B CN 201280013890 A CN201280013890 A CN 201280013890A CN 103443999 B CN103443999 B CN 103443999B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of for handheld radio transceiver, it is particularly useful for estimating the capacitive sensor device of the Specific Absorption Rate SAR of described handheld radio transceiver, wherein said sensor device can close with at least one the first electrode paste, and wherein during the operation of described handheld radio transceiver, described first electrode is sensor electrode and the antenna of described handheld radio transceiver of described capacitive sensor device simultaneously.Further it is provided that a kind of handheld radio transceiver with the capacitive sensor device according to the present invention.In addition, a kind of method launching power for adjusting handheld radio transceiver is provided, wherein detection object and the nearness of described handheld radio transceiver, and wherein depend on described detected nearness, increase or reduce the described transmitting power of described handheld radio transceiver.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of capacitive sensor device for handheld radio transceiver and one includes root
Handheld radio transceiver according to the capacitive sensor device of the present invention.The invention particularly relates to a kind of for hand-held without
Line electricity transceiver is to estimate the capacitive sensor dress of the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) of described handheld radio transceiver
Put.Additionally, the present invention about a kind of for adjust handheld radio transceiver launch power method, described hand-held without
Line electricity transceiver preferably includes the capacitive sensor device according to the present invention to make the absorption of electromagnetic field minimize, and especially exists
In biological tissue.
Background technology
Specific Absorption Rate SAR is the measurement of absorption to electromagnetic field the most in biological tissues.Additionally, radio frequency energy
Amount contribution ratios SAR be the high frequency transmission signal from radio system (such as, handheld radio transceiver) radiation and
It is to the important indicator of the coupling in human body.To the coupling in human body, high frequency transmission signal represents that use hand-held radio is received
Send out the risk factor of device (such as, mobile phone), this is because the absorption of energy of electromagnetic field under any circumstance causes tissue
Generating heat, this may result in the change of tissue, and described change can be the cause of cancer.
Therefore, it is necessary to keep the transmitting of handheld radio transceiver (especially in the case of it is positioned near human body)
Power is the lowest, in order to reduce the pollution level to health.Can use about the coupling in high frequency transmission signal to human body
Judgement correspondingly to adjust the transmitting power of handheld radio transceiver.
The Specific Absorption Rate SAR of two different factor appreciable impact handheld radio transceiver, it may be assumed that
Factor 1: the transmitting power (HF launches power) effectively radiated by handheld radio transceiver, and
Factor 2: antenna and the nearness of human body.
In order to determine as accurately as possible or estimate Specific Absorption Rate SAR, assess or detect two factors
It is favourable.I.e., advantageously, consider that when determining or evaluate Specific Absorption Rate SAR the HF effectively radiated launches merit
The nearness of rate and antenna and health.If it is considered that two factors, power couples the real power coupling in human body
The good approximation closed is possible.
But, if the one only considered in two factors, then for another factor, it has to be assumed that worst case so that
To the pollution level of health be maintained the lowest.But, this situation has transmitting power and must reduce and exceed essential value
Shortcoming, this has adverse effect for the emission characteristic of radio system or handheld radio transceiver.
From known in the art for the HF power that effectively radiated by the antenna of handheld radio transceiver of detection and
For detecting human body away from handheld radio transceiver or the solution of the distance of the antenna away from handheld radio transceiver.
A solution of the HF power radiated for detection is shown about Fig. 1.Fig. 2 show be used for detecting human body away from hand-held without
The solution of the distance of the antenna of line electricity transceiver.
Fig. 1 shows the solution from the known in the art HF transmitting power effectively radiated for detection by antenna
Method.Signal by the signal generator for producing HF carrier signal, so as to the armed transmitting information of offer produces herein
Raw and frequency mixer composition HF emitter produces and is modulated HF and launches signal, described in be modulated HF and launch signal and be guided to power
Amplifier PA.By described power amplifier PA, HF is launched signal and brings up to launching electrical level.Then pass through circulator and antenna
Amplifier signal is directed into antenna A by switch, and described amplifier signal is finally radiated at antenna A.
Circulator self is for normal operating not necessarily.Circulator provided herein so as to allow in normal operating right
At antenna, the signal of radiation carries out SAR evaluation.
By circulator, antenna A the ripple reflected is redirect to demodulator so that the ripple reflected is not present in power
On amplifier PA.Power amplifier PA is all the time through well adjusting and deliver its rated power so that can be assumed that rated power is normal
Amount.In this manner it is possible to the power of exclusively change based on the ripple reflected is made about by antenna A spoke effectively
The judgement of the power penetrated.Herein, demodulator realizes the function of commutator, this is because only need the measurement of power, without
Transmitting information self.Demodulator couples with SAR assessment unit, and can be by D/C voltage amplifier and A/D converter or simple
Comparator forms.The exact configuration of SAR assessment unit depends primarily on SAR and evaluates necessary levels of precision.
The method of the solution for detecting the HF transmitting power effectively radiated by antenna demonstrated in Figure 1 is especially
It is suitable for the system with constant envelope, such as GMSK-/GFSK system (GSM/DECT).By this side of above solution
Method, it may be advantageous to use SAR to estimate directly related with HF transmitting signal, effectively radiate this is because can accurately detect
Power, wherein launches signal and produces the coupling (that is, at antenna) of human body.
Fig. 2 shows from the solution for detecting the object or person body near handheld radio transceiver known in the art
The certainly method of scheme.For detection object or human body to the distance of handheld radio transceiver or nearness, one provided herein
Capacitive sensor, it works according to so-called loading method.In the capacitive sensor operated according to loading method,
Electric alternating signal to sensor electrode feed-in generator G1.By means of receptor E1 (or RX path E1), apparatus for evaluating can
Detect and assess the capacity load of produced signal.Evaluator can be the assembly of SAR assessment unit.
For one, the distance of electrode spacing object or person body is the least, and detectable capacity load is the biggest.But, unfavorable
, the best relevant for obtain between aerial signal and the sensor result of capacitive sensor, electrode must connect
It is bordering on antenna.By the nearness of sensor electrode Yu antenna, the adjustment of antenna is reduced so that cause hand-held radio
Even worse transmitting/reception the character of transceiver.So that sensor electrode does not the most affect the transmitting of radio system/connect
Receive character, it is therefore necessary to be arranged in by sensor electrode away from a certain distance of antenna.But, in this way, it is impossible to protect all the time
Card aerial signal and the sensor result of capacitive sensor between relevant.But do not surpass in order to ensure to the pollution level of human body
Cross predetermined value, it is therefore necessary to reduce the transmitting power of handheld radio transceiver larger than institute essential value.
Summary of the invention
Subject invention
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide to allow to make in a simple and effective way and receive and dispatch about hand-held radio
The solution of the judgement of the Specific Absorption Rate SAR of device, it is avoided from shortcoming known in the art and especially allows
The transmitting power reduction of handheld radio transceiver must need not be exceeded essential value, ensure that described hand-held radio is received simultaneously
Send out the device pollution level to human body less than predetermined value.
Solution according to the present invention
According to the present invention, this target is by the capacitive character for handheld radio transceiver according to independent claims
Sensor device, include the handheld radio transceiver of the capacitive sensor device according to the present invention and for adjusting hands
The method launching power holding formula radio transceiver solves.In corresponding appended claims, the instruction present invention's is favourable real
Execute example and improvement.
Therefore described solution provides a kind of for handheld radio transceiver, is particularly useful for estimating described hand-held
The capacitive sensor device of the Specific Absorption Rate of radio transceiver, wherein said sensor device can be with at least one
Individual first electrode coupling, and wherein during the operation of described handheld radio transceiver, described first electrode is simultaneously for institute
State sensor electrode and the antenna of described handheld radio transceiver of capacitive sensor device.
In this way, by described capacitive sensor device, it may be advantageous to determine that day line-spacing is close to object (such as, people
Body) distance.
It is favourable that described first electrode has following characteristics:
-couple with the transceiver circuit of handheld radio transceiver by means of high pass filter, and
-couple with sensor device by means of low pass filter.
Described sensor device can additionally have the second electrode, can make described second electrode and described first electrode capacitance
Coupling, the one in wherein said two electrodes can operate as emission electrode, and another electrode is as receptor electrode
Operate, and wherein said emission electrode can be fed into electricity alternating signal.
Because in the case of multi-electrode system (there is the capacitive sensor device of some sensor electrodes) described two
One in individual sensor electrode also uses simultaneously as antenna, so can advantageously determine that day line-spacing is close to object (such as, people
Body) distance.
Described first electrode can operate as emission electrode, and can be by means of described low pass filter to described first electricity
Pole feed-in electricity alternating signal.
Described sensor device can comprise additionally in the 3rd electrode, and described 3rd electrode is disposed substantially to described first electrode
And between described second electrode, and can be fed into the electric alternation the most contrary with the electric alternating signal being fed into emission electrode
Signal.
Described low pass filter can include microstrip line.
The assessment circuit of sensor device can be designed to detect the nearness of the electrode of object and sensor device and/or
The distance of the object electrode away from sensor device.
Described handheld radio transceiver can have launches the detection structure of power for detection HF of radiation at antenna
Part, and detected HF launch power with detected be included in together with the nearness of the electrode of sensor device hand-held
In the evaluation of the Specific Absorption Rate of formula radio transceiver.
Additionally, the present invention provides a kind of handheld radio transceiver, it includes at least one electric capacity according to the present invention
Property sensor device, at least one antenna of wherein said handheld radio transceiver can pass with at least one capacitive character described
Sensor arrangement couples, and wherein during the operation of described handheld radio transceiver, at least one antenna described can be simultaneously
Operate as the sensor electrode of described capacitive sensor device and the HF antenna of described handheld radio transceiver.
Described handheld radio transceiver is at least one in following group: two-way radio, mobile phone, wireless
Phone, wlan device, minicomputer and flat board PC.
The antenna of described handheld radio transceiver can be formed by mimo antenna system.
Additionally, the present invention provides a kind of method launching power for adjusting handheld radio transceiver, wherein
-detection object and described handheld radio transceiver, preferably with the antenna of described handheld radio transceiver
Nearness and/or object away from described handheld radio transceiver, the preferably antenna away from described handheld radio transceiver
Distance, and provide testing result,
-to estimate that the Specific Absorption Rate of described handheld radio transceiver, described testing result are included in described
In the estimation of SAR, and
-depend on described estimation, increase or reduce the transmitting power of described handheld radio transceiver.
For detecting described nearness and/or described distance, capacitive sensor device can be used, wherein said hand-held without
The antenna of line electricity transceiver operates simultaneously as antenna and the sensor electrode of described capacitive sensor device, and wherein institute
State antenna to couple with described capacitive sensor device by means of low pass filter.
The HF of radiation at described antenna can be detected and launch power, and detected HF transmitting power can be included in institute
State in the estimation of SAR.
The electricity of described alternating signal can be wherein detected to the electric alternating signal of described antenna feed-in capacitive sensor device
Capacitive load, and wherein said capacity load is described nearness and/or the measurement of described distance.
Preferably, the second electrode of capacitive sensor device and the antenna capacitance of described handheld radio transceiver are made
Property coupling, wherein said second electrode or described antenna operate as emission electrode, and wherein to described emission electrode feed-in
The electric alternating signal of described capacitive sensor device, wherein at another unit (antenna or electrode) place, detect described antenna with
Capacitive couplings between described second electrode, and wherein detected capacitive couplings is described nearness and/or described
The measurement of distance.
Microstrip line can be used as low pass filter.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The details of the present invention and characteristic and the specific embodiment of the present invention can be drawn from combining graphic following description.
All figures are shown:
Fig. 1 is the solution from the known in the art HF transmitting power effectively radiated by antenna for detection
Method；
Fig. 2 be from known in the art for detection especially near the object or person body of handheld radio transceiver
The method of solution；
Fig. 3 is according to an embodiment of the invention to have the hand-held of antenna, capacitive sensor device and transceiver
The schematic block diagram of formula radio transceiver；
Fig. 4 is the embodiment of the capacitive sensor device according to the present invention, and described capacitive sensor device can basis
Loading method and operate；
Fig. 5 is the embodiment of the capacitive sensor device according to the present invention, and described capacitive sensor device can basis
Launching technique and operate；
Fig. 6 is the embodiment of the capacitive sensor according to the present invention, and described capacitive sensor comprises additionally in compensation electricity
Pole；
Fig. 7 is the differential capacitive sensor according to the present invention, wherein by the dwi hastasana of handheld radio transceiver
Become sensor electrode；And
Fig. 8 is the possible electrode cloth at handheld radio transceiver for the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 to Fig. 7
The example put.
Detailed description of the invention
With the help of capacitive sensor or capacitive sensor device, object (such as, human body) can be detected to electric capacity
Property the distance of sensor electrode of sensor or the nearness of object (such as, human body) and the electrode of capacitive sensor.Depend on
In detected distance or detected nearness, can carry out by the high frequency of the aerial radiation of handheld radio transceiver
Launch the estimation of the power being coupled to people of signal so that be also possible to estimate Specific Absorption Rate SAR.Estimate based on this,
Transmitting power or the HF that can adjust described handheld radio transceiver launch power.Controlling by launching power, it is right to reduce
The exposure of human body or pollution level.
But, based on detected distance or detected nearness carry out to Specific Absorption Rate SAR
Most preferably may estimate only its for be included in during SAR estimates to the antenna being disposed adjacent to handheld radio transceiver
It is only possible in the case of the distance of the sensor electrode at place or nearness, and in SAR estimates, considers sky line-spacing object
Distance or the nearness of object and antenna.
According to the present invention, this is by the fact that reach: the electrode of capacitive sensor device passes for capacitive character simultaneously
The sensor electrode of sensor arrangement and the antenna of handheld radio transceiver." simultaneously " electrode is meant in this context at least
The antenna as handheld radio transceiver and the sensor electrode as capacitive sensor device during SAR estimates and
Operation.This means, at least during SAR estimates, to carry out distance by capacitive sensor device or proximity detection is possible
, simply with distance or proximity detection concurrently, at sensor electrode or antenna, radiate HF launch signal.Already in
It is favourable that antenna in handheld radio transceiver is used as the sensor electrode of capacitive sensor device.Another advantage exists
In the fact that can determine that the actual distance of the object (such as, the human body) antenna away from handheld radio transceiver, this has made
Possibly improve the transmitting power to handheld radio transceiver to control.Another advantage be the fact that need not be provided for
Nearness or the separated sensor electrode of distance detection.
Fig. 3 shows the hand-held radio transmitting-receiving with the capacitive sensor device according to the present invention according to the present invention
The embodiment of device.
Described handheld radio transceiver can have memorizer/processing means.Described storage device can include the hardest
Disk storage, non-transitory memory device (such as, flash memories) or temporary memory device (such as, DRAM).Institute
State processing means and may be provided with such as operating described handheld radio transceiver, and processor unit, example can be included
Such as microprocessor, or integrated circuit through adjusting accordingly further.Described processing means can be adapted described hand-held for performing
Software on formula radio transceiver.Described software can such as include the Internet browser application, ip voice application program
(VOIP), email application, operation system function, be used for controlling HF power amplifier and/or hand-held radio is received
Send out control function and the fellow thereof of other HF transceiver devices of device.
Described memorizer/processing means can be particularly suited for implementing communication protocol.Described communication protocol can such as include Yin Te
FidonetFido, mobile phone agreement, W-LAN agreement (such as, IEEE 802.11 agreement), or for short-distance wireless communication link
Agreement, such as Bluetooth protocol.
Additionally, described handheld radio transceiver can include I/O device.Described I/O device can such as include touch screen
Or other user interface.
Additionally, described handheld radio transceiver includes that transceiver circuit 30, described transceiver circuit 30 such as can wrap
Include for mobile phone, for the HF transceiver of W-LAN interface or blue tooth interface.
Transceiver 30 and antenna A (if or with dry aerial) couple, and described antenna can be used as launching antenna and can be used as receiving
Antenna.The HF transmitting signal that is modulated provided by transceiver 30 is directed into antenna A, and described signal radiates from antenna A.
Additionally, described handheld radio transceiver includes capacitive sensor device 40, described capacitive sensor fills
Put 40 also to couple with antenna A (if or with dry aerial).Sensor electrode is used for the antenna A of capacitive sensor device 40
Function, and use its set function being used for launching antenna and/or reception antenna for the antenna A of transceiver.This means antenna A
It is used simultaneously as the sensor electrode for capacitive sensor device 40 and the antenna for transceiver 30.
The each antenna type being suitable for handheld radio transceiver can be provided to antenna A.For example, can use flat
The antenna of face inverted-F antenna (PIFA) type.
For capacitive sensor device other embodiments (as about Fig. 5 to described by 7), it is possible to provide other electrode
EL.And, when providing other sensor electrode, at least one sensor electrode of capacitive sensor device 40 is by hand-held
The antenna of formula radio transceiver is formed so that in the case of about Fig. 5 to the embodiment described by 7, it is possible to detection object
The nearness of actual distance away from antenna or object and antenna.Additionally, about the reality of Fig. 5 to the capacitive sensor described by 7
Execute example and have the advantage that the number of sensor electrode is reduced, this is because at least one sensor electrode is by hand-held
The antenna of formula radio transceiver is formed.
Additionally, described handheld radio transceiver can include Fig. 3 does not shows for controlling radiation at antenna A
HF launches the device launching power of signal.This controls device can testing result based on capacitive sensor device and/or base
Launch power in the HF effectively radiated by antenna and carry out SAR estimation, and the result estimated based on described SAR correspondingly adjusts
The transmitting power of antenna.
If additionally, described handheld radio transceiver can have dry aerial, the most each antenna can be used as launch and/or
Reception antenna.If described dry aerial can such as operate as mimo system (multiple-input and multiple-output).
According to the present invention, each antenna of handheld radio transceiver can be used as being assigned to the capacitive character of respective antenna and passes
The sensor electrode of sensor arrangement.Or, each antenna of handheld radio transceiver can be used as selected capacitive character and passes
The sensor electrode of sensor arrangement.In the latter cases, antenna can such as in time division multiplexing method with capacitive sensor
Device device couples.According to the present invention, in this way, the object (such as, the human body) distance away from each individual antenna can be detected so that
For each antenna, the SAR that can carry out self estimates.And, if in the case of dry aerial, in corresponding SAR estimates, it is possible to
Consider that the HF effectively radiated by respective antenna launches power.According to the present invention, can be by antenna targeted for the minimum SAR value of estimation
Activate as the transmitting antenna of handheld radio transceiver.
Hereinafter, according to the present invention 4 principles of capacitive sensor device are described about Fig. 4 to 7.All figure exhibitions
Show: Fig. 4 is the capacitive sensor device according to loading principle according to the present invention, Fig. 5 be according to the present invention according to transmitting
The capacitive sensor device of principle, Fig. 6 is the capacitive character with the 3rd electrode (so-called compensating electrode) according to the present invention
Sensor device, and Fig. 7 is the differential capacitive sensor according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 show according to the present invention for detecting object and the nearness of the electrode of sensor device and/or for examining
Survey the capacitive sensor device for handheld radio transceiver of the distance of the object electrode away from sensor device.Antenna
It is substantial that A is used simultaneously as the sensor electrode EL1 of capacitive sensor device.In the diagram shown according to loading method
In the capacitive sensor of operation, measure the capacitive character exchanging point in the electric network that sensor electrode EL1 or antenna A is connected to
Load.The capacity load of the described exchange point in electrode EL1 or the capacity of antenna A and described electric network therefore is with object
The nearness of (such as, human body) and change.Therefore, the capacity load of described exchange point is the health nearness to electrode EL1
Or the measurement of the distance of health distance electrode EL1.
In the diagram shown according to the root in the embodiment of the capacitive sensor of the present invention and shown in Fig. 5 to 7
According in the capacitive sensor of the present invention, on the one hand, described capacitive sensor device is necessarily connected to serve as sensor electrode
The antenna A of EL1, and on the other hand, transceiver circuit (HF transceiver) is necessarily connected to described antenna.Therefore, hereinafter retouch
Antenna A to the HF transceiver stated and the coupling to capacitive sensor device be also applied for about Fig. 5 to 7 describe according to this
Bright capacitive sensor device.
HF transceiver circuit is connected to antenna A by coupling C.Coupling C serves as pure HF path (high pass filter) herein.?
After coupling C, HF path is divided into transmission path and RX path, and described transmission path and RX path are by means of duplexer
S1 and be connected with antenna or high pass filter.Duplexer S1 can be configured and for example, frequency multiplex device.
By means of coupling L or TL, capacitive sensor device is connected to antenna A or sensor electrode EL1.Coupling L or TL
Serve as LF path (low pass filter) herein.Such as can implement described coupling under the auxiliary of coil L or microstrip line TL.Preferably
Ground, described microstrip line is very thin, and it does not has the disadvantage in that for the sensor function of capacitive sensor device.Very thin microstrip line presents
High radiation resistance.This type of line with high radiation resistance and the capacitive sensor device following described microstrip line are for HF circuit
Or HF transceiver only has little impact, this is because HF circuit or HF transceiver are to be specifically designed for Low emissivity resistance
(about 50 Ω).
Compared with coil, microwave line has printing advantage onboard.Acquisition and the assembling of coil can be avoided in this way
Cost.But, for microstrip line, the minimum length determined is be necessary, in order to obtains or ensures that capacitive sensor is from HF
The good decoupling of circuit.
Ultimately depend on the specific requirement about radio system or handheld radio transceiver to select capacitive character to pass
Sensor arrangement is to antenna A or the variant of the coupling of electrode EL1.
High pass filter between antenna and HF transceiver guarantees that the low-frequency alternating signal of capacitive sensor device will not
Negatively affect HF transceiver, and the low pass filter between antenna A and capacitive sensor device guarantees the height of HF transceiver
Frequently signal can not adversely affect capacitive sensor device.
According to the embodiments of the invention shown in Fig. 4, by signal generator G1, produce electricity alternating signal (deep waveform
Or rectangle), it is feed antenna A or sensor electrode EL1 by low pass filter.Antenna A or sensor electrode EL1 by
In spare capacity CSKWith body-coupled, described human body is by means of spare capacity CKEIt is connected to ground potential around.Sensor mass
Also by way of spare capacity CMEIt is connected to ground connection.
If health is close to antenna, then the total capacity of the spare capacity being connected in series increases, and this results in device signal
Capacity load increase.This load can detect in the receiver path E1 of capacitive sensor device, and is fed into
SAR subsequently assesses unit, and described SAR assessment unit can carry out SAR estimation based on detected capacity load.Because institute
The capacity load detected is substantially corresponding to the distance of the human body antenna A away from handheld radio transceiver, so can enter
Row SAR estimates, wherein comprises the human body actual distance away from antenna A.
Also can be to SAR apparatus for evaluating feed-in about the information of the power effectively radiated by antenna.Can such as pass through basis
The detection means of Fig. 1 obtains this information.Therefore, for carrying out SAR estimation, it is contemplated that the human body actual distance away from antenna A and by sky
Both the transmitting power that line A radiates effectively.In this way, particularly accurate SAR estimates is possible so that can be even better
Adjust the transmitting power of (especially increase) handheld radio transceiver, and to the pollution level of human body not over predetermined
Value.
Fig. 5 shows the capacitive sensor device for handheld radio transceiver according to the present invention, and it is according to institute
Meaning launching technique and work.Capacitive sensor device according to launching technique operation is measured emission electrode EL1 and receives electricity
Transmitting between the EL2 of pole.The antenna A of handheld radio transceiver uses the function of emission electrode or receives the function of electrode.
In embodiment shown in Figure 5, antenna A functions simultaneously as the emission electrode EL1 of capacitive sensor device.Further it is provided that it is another
One electrode special EL2, it uses the function receiving electrode.Antenna A be used as emission electrode also be used as receive electrode finally take
Certainly in about handheld radio transceiver or the specific requirement of the antenna A about handheld radio transceiver.
As explained about Fig. 4, signal generator G1 couples with antenna A or emission electrode EL1 by means of low pass filter.
On the other hand, SAR apparatus for evaluating couples with receiving electrode EL2.
If antenna A is used as to receive electrode, then SAR apparatus for evaluating will couple with antenna A by means of low pass filter, example
As shown in Figure 4.Signal generator G1 can then be directly connected to the electrode EL2 as emission electrode operation.
And, in embodiments of the invention shown in Figure 5, (HF receives and dispatches the transceiver of handheld radio transceiver
Device) it is connected to antenna A by means of high pass filter.Described high pass filter and described low pass filter use to be retouched about Fig. 4
The function stated.
By signal generator G1, produce electricity alternating signal, and be fed into emission electrode EL1 or antenna A.Described electricity
Alternating signal is via the direct-coupling path C between electrode EL1 and receptor electrode EL2SEOr via by human body CSK、CKEFormed
Coupling path and from emission electrode EL1 be transmitted into reception electrode EL2.It is transmitted into the electric alternating signal receiving electrode EL2 through feedback
Enter to the receptor E1 being assigned to receive electrode EL2, and emitted to downstream SAR apparatus for evaluating.
At health close in the case of electrode EL1, EL2 of capacitive sensor device, health (CSK、CKEElectrode on)
Between capacitive couplings increase, and CSEOn ground connection coupling reduce.Tap in receiving the signal of telecommunication at electrode EL2 in assessment
Time, it is relevant which coupling path between electrode EL1 and electrode EL2 is preponderated.That is, to tapping in receiving at electrode EL2
The result of signal evaluation of the signal of telecommunication to depend primarily on be coupling path CSEOr coupling path CSK、CKEPreponderate.
Which one in two coupling paths is preponderated and is substantially dependent on the geometry of electrode and electrode relative to that
This configuration.If electrode presents large electrode surface and electrode spacing distance each other is big, then at human body proximity electrode EL1, EL2
In the case of, detect that the signal tapped in the signal of telecommunication received at electrode EL2 rises.If electrode present small electrode surface and
Electrode spacing distance each other is little, then, in the case of human body proximity electrode EL1, EL2, detect and tap in receiving at electrode EL2
The reduction of the signal of telecommunication.
Preferably, selection has the electrode EL2 on large electrode surface and is arranged in away from antenna A or the big distance of electrode EL1
Place, this is because in this way, can reduce the electrode EL2 impact on antenna.In the case of reducing nearness, i.e. have
In the solution of antenna or the little surface electrode of electrode EL1 layout, electrode EL2 can cause the imbalance of antenna.Also having
In the case of having big surface electrode EL2 or there is the suitably distance of big skin antenna A, reduction nearness can be used.The most hand-held
Formula radio transceiver use any one in described solution ultimately depend on about handheld radio transceiver
Specific requirement.It is used for arranging electrode EL2 if there is relatively small space, then implement according to the solution party reducing nearness
Case is also favourable.
Fig. 6 shows another enforcement of the capacitive sensor device for handheld radio transceiver according to the present invention
Example.In addition to the electrode EL2 shown in Fig. 5, also provide for the 3rd electrode EL3 herein.Preferably, electrode EL3 is arranged in transmitting electricity
Between pole EL1 or antenna A and reception electrode EL2.In the case of embodiment shown in figure 6, antenna A is used as emission electrode
EL1, and electrode EL2 is as receiving electrode.But, depend on that the specific requirement about radio system, antenna A also act as and connect
Receive electrode, and electrode EL2 is used as emission electrode.
As shown about Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, antenna A and capacitive sensor device to be coupling in this respect the most right
Should, i.e. by means of low pass filter.The transceiver (HF transceiver) of antenna and handheld radio transceiver is filtered by means of high pass
The coupling of ripple device is the most corresponding, as shown about Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.Low pass filter and high pass filter the most also realize
The function described about Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.
It is arranged in emission electrode EL1 and the electrode EL3 received between electrode EL2 to be fed into electricity alternating signal, described electricity
Alternating signal can be substantially anti-phase with the electric alternating signal being fed into emission electrode EL1.It is fed into the electric alternation of the 3rd electrode EL3
Signal also can be provided by signal generator G1.By providing the 3rd electrode EL3, emission electrode EL1 and receiving between electrode EL2
The coupling of capacitive character ground connection can be reduced or eliminated.
And, in figure 6 shown in according in the embodiment of the capacitive sensor device of the present invention, antenna A can be used as
Emission electrode and reception electrode.In embodiment as shown in Figure 5, in embodiment shown in figure 6, antenna A
Still receive electrode as emission electrode and be also dependent on the specific requirement about handheld radio transceiver.
Receive electrode and the 3rd electrode EL3 can together with strong ground connection with reference in the case of survey for the absorption of proximity detection
Amount.In the case, using antenna A is favourable as emission electrode, this is because reception electrode and the 3rd electrode EL3 should arrange
Must near each other, and because electrode EL2, EL3 should arrange far as possible from antenna A, in order to avoid or minimize electrode EL2,
The EL3 functional impact of HF on antenna.
Although the distance between electrode EL1 and electrode EL2 is relatively big, but the electricity between emission electrode EL1 and reception electrode EL2
Capacitive ground connection coupling CSEThe restriction of dynamic range at receptor may be caused.Can be reduced or eliminated by the 3rd electrode EL3 and connect
This of dynamic range at receipts device limits, and the 3rd electrode EL3 and emission electrode operate and on the contrary via CCEWith reception electrode EL2
Coupling.Inverted by signal, receive the composite signal at electrode EL2 and be reduced, and the dynamic range of therefore receptor is able to
Widen.
Capacitive sensor device shown in Fig. 4 to 7 also can combine, in Fig. 1 with the device for HF power detection
Shown in.In this way, even more accurate judgement can be made about the power being efficiently couple to health, and radio system or
Handheld radio transceiver can operate closer to specifying SAR to limit.This means that launching power is not required to unnecessarily
Reduce to guarantee the predetermined limit value less than the pollution level to human body.With only measurement HF merit as illustrated in fig. 1 or fig. 2
Rate detection or only measure different from the system of the nearness of health, at health close in the case of handheld radio transceiver,
Still can obtain relative broad range.
Fig. 7 shows another embodiment of the capacitive sensor for handheld radio transceiver according to the present invention,
Described capacitive sensor is configured and essentially as differential capacitive proximity sensor.Described capacitive differential nearness
Sensor substantially comprises two sensor electrode EL1, EL2, signal generator, electrical load device and for separating the signal of telecommunication
Differential-mode portion and the circuit of common mode part.In embodiment shown in the figure 7, sensor electrode EL1 or sensor electrode EL2 can
Formed by the antenna A of handheld radio transceiver.
Sensor electrode includes first sensor electrode EL1 and the second sensor electrode EL2, in sensor systems,
One sensor electrode EL1 and the second sensor electrode EL2 operates and comparably simultaneously for launching and receiving electrode.In this place exhibition
In the embodiment shown, electrode EL1 is the antenna of handheld radio transceiver simultaneously.Signal generator is by means of electrical load device
LE and two sensor electrode EL1 and EL2 couplings.Described signal generator provides difference alternating voltage, described difference alternation electricity
Pressure is fed into sensor electrode EL1 and EL2 by means of electrical load device LE.Described signal generator can include two asymmetric products
Raw device G1 and G2, its signal each producing identical signal, the signal of generator G1 and generator G2 has the phase contrast of 180 °.
By means of electric loading LE, the signal of the first generator G1 is fed into first sensor electrode EL1, the generator G2 of phase shift 180 °
Signal be fed into the second sensor electrode EL2 by means of load device LE.
Electric loading LE is together with capacity load (it is to be formed by the object of proximity transducer electrode EL1, EL2) to be measured
Low-pass first order filter can be formed.Such as can realize electric loading LE by means of resistor.But, also by upstream differential amplification
The load of device realizes electric loading.Load can be the part of difference amplifier.
Additionally, low pass filter can be arranged between electric loading LE and electrode A/EL1 and EL2, as in Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 every time
Shown in.
Such as can realize the differential-mode portion for separating the signal of telecommunication and common mode part by means of fully-differential amplifier A1
Circuit.The difference that conductive body between can selecting by sensor electrode EL1 and EL2 with the help of fully-differential amplifier A1 is affected
Mould signal, and it is fed into differential mode apparatus for evaluating (differential received and apparatus for evaluating).At can be either individually or as bigger signal
The part of reason unit (such as, microcontroller) implements differential mode apparatus for evaluating.Can be to differential mode apparatus for evaluating feed-in amplifier A1's
Differential output signal.Or, also can only one in two signal conductors of feed-in for processing further for differential mode apparatus for evaluating.
In another alternative, the differential output signal of fully-differential amplifier A1 can be transformed into ground signalling, described ground signalling quilt
It is fed into differential mode apparatus for evaluating.
As shown in Figure 7, EL1 and EL2 is switched concurrently by the load LE of fully-differential amplifier A1 with electrode.Take into account by people
The capacitor network introduced, this causes single order low pass together.Preferably, the size of electric loading LE is set in the following manner: make
In the case of people proximity transducer electrode EL1, EL2, state " nobody is in alternating electric field " and " maximum nearness " it
Between, cause the maximum change of the amount of the transfer function of low pass filter.In the case of people's proximity transducer electrode, level is all the time
Reducing, this is because filter time constant rises, and the effective cut off frequency of wave filter declines.
Capacitive proximity sensors be mainly characterized by the differential signal so as to excitation filter, and put at fully differential
The downstream differential mode assessment provided with the help of big device A1 and differential mode apparatus for evaluating.Generally, having three conductors, (two signals are led
Body and ground connection) system in, as in the capacitive proximity sensors that is described herein as, it is understood that there may be two kinds of signals, each
Signal presents performance properties.The two signal includes so-called difference mode signal and so-called common-mode signal.
The feature of difference mode signal is the same-amplitude on two signal conductors, and wherein phase place accurately differs 180 °.Therefore
Except for the phase shift, described signal is identical.At another signal conductor of opposing every time during steering signal voltage, at two letters
Producing so-called virtual ground between number, it has some character common with true ground connection.Therefore, for alternating signal, empty
Intending ground connection and be in same potential with ground connection, this means to occur without betwixt electric current.
The feature of common-mode signal is the same-amplitude on two signal conductors, and wherein phase place is identical.Due to common mode
Part is included in the same potential on two signal conductors, all the time therefore independent of the circuit part of the quality between signal conductor
Common mode current is not had to pass.
Signal in pair of conductors can division in two parts mentioned above (differential-mode portion and common mode part) all the time.
Difference mode signal is for being substantial according to the capacitive proximity sensors of the present invention, and described difference mode signal is by signal generator
G1 and G2 produces and provides, and through being fed into electrode EL1 and EL2, is then assessed.Because parasitic signal is mostly as common mode
Disturbing and be coupled in sensing system or sensor electrode EL1 and EL2, therefore it is deleted in differential mode is assessed, and not
Infringement processes further.Therefore capacitive proximity sensors according to the present invention has extremely strong anti-interference.
If in the case of there is the radio system of dry aerial, in the case of antenna is the most suitably arranged, also
The second electrode EL2 can be formed so that finally for the difference proximity sensor shown in Fig. 7, it is not required that volume by antenna
External electrode.
Also it is being that German patent application case DE 10 2,011 002 447 applied for by the applicant describes differential electrical
The other embodiments of capacitive proximity sensor, is wherein formed sensor electrode by the antenna of handheld radio transceiver every time
In one.
Fig. 8 shows three handheld radio transceiver, wherein on left side, shows have the electric capacity according to loading method
Property sensor device handheld radio transceiver, in centre, show have according to launching technique capacitive sensor dress
The handheld radio transceiver put, and on right side, displaying has the capacitive sensor device of extra 3rd electrode
Handheld radio transceiver.
For the capacitive sensor worked according to loading method, it is not necessary to additional electrode, this is because pass through hand-held
The antenna A of radio transceiver forms the electrode EL1 needed for this purpose and only.As shown above, herein detection antenna A with
Actual distance between human body, its most probable is corresponding to the value of the coupling in HF transmitting power to human body.
For receiving and dispatching at the hand-held radio with the capacitive sensor according to launching technique work shown in centre
Device, additionally needs electrode EL2, described electrode EL2 by relative to the electrode EL1 in handheld radio transceiver or antenna A cloth
Put in correct position.Electrode EL2 in handheld radio transceiver or in configuration should be selected in the following manner: make
When proper antenna A is capped, electrode EL2 is likely to be capped (such as, by shell shell).Further, it is necessary to select in the following manner
Distance between selecting antennas A or electrode EL1 with electrode EL2: making the capacitive character ground connection between antenna with electrode couple EL2 will not
Excessive, the coupling excessive imbalance that may result in antenna of EL2 of capacitive character ground connection.
For eliminating the capacitive character ground connection coupling between antenna A or electrode EL1 and the second electrode EL2, it is possible to provide the extra 3rd
Electrode EL3, described 3rd electrode EL3 will be arranged between electrode EL1 and electrode EL2, as in the right part of Fig. 8.As above
Literary composition is explained, electrode EL3 will be fed into the electric alternation letter anti-phase with the electric alternating signal by feed electrode EL1 (emission electrode)
Number.
The antenna of handheld radio transceiver is used simultaneously as the sensor electrode of capacitive sensor device and has some
Benefit:
-number of sensor electrode necessary to capacitive sensor device can be reduced.For example, for according to loading
The capacitive sensor device of method work, it is not necessary to self or additional sensors electrode, this is because hand-held radio is received
The antenna sending out device serves as sensor electrode.According in the capacitive sensor device of launching technique, it is only necessary to other biography
Sensor electrode, this is because formed the one in two sensor electrodes by antenna.And, at three electrodes as shown in Figure 6
In system, it is only necessary to two additional electrode, this is because the antenna of handheld radio transceiver also serves as sensor electricity herein
Pole.This cost causing reducing capacitive sensor device.Additionally, there is less constraint in equipment designs, this is because often
Secondary must provide for the electrode that must be connected and position is decreased one.Especially receive at very-close-coupled hand-held radio
Send out in device (such as, mobile phone), for arranging that the space of electrode suffers restraints so that especially receive and dispatch at little hand-held radio
In the case of device, operate advantageous particularly in the case of electrodeless.
If-(such as, there is mobile phone antenna and gps antenna in the handheld radio transceiver with dry aerial
Smart mobile phone) in, in the case of antenna is arranged the most suitably, in launching technique the most shown, also
The second electrode EL2 can be exempted, this is because such as an electrode can be formed by mobile phone antenna, and such as by GPS days
Line forms another electrode.
-additionally, in multiaerial system (such as, mimo system), some or all the be used simultaneously as sensings in antenna
Device electrode so that for launching technique, it is not necessary to additional sensors electrode.
-because antenna is launched is intended to carry out the HF radiation estimated and simultaneously for the portion of sensor path of capacitive sensor
Point, so the judgement of capacitive sensor radiates strong correlation with HF.
-especially, compared with from the sensor device known in the art according to Fig. 2, pass according to the capacitive character of the present invention
Sensor has the advantage that and need not produce to the nearness of antenna above-mentioned relevant by sensor surface.In this way, may be used
The nearness preventing the increase of sensor surface and antenna negatively affects the scattering nature of antenna.May not preferably adjust
And the handheld radio transceiver that its whole power can not be sent in transmitting situation and reception condition not have it the sensitiveest
Degree.
The most combine handheld radio transceiver and describe the capacitive sensor device according to the present invention.Hand-held without
Line electricity transceiver can for example, mobile phone, wireless phone, smart mobile phone, portable small computer, flat board PC, WLAN fill
Put, or its fellow.
Claims (14)
1. a capacitive sensor device, it is for the handheld radio transceiver being connected with antenna element, and is used for estimating
Count the Specific Absorption Rate of described handheld radio transceiver, wherein said sensor device and described antenna element coupling
Close, and wherein during the operation of described handheld radio transceiver, described antenna element is described capacitive sensor simultaneously
The sensor electrode of device device and the antenna of described handheld radio transceiver, wherein said sensor device additionally includes
Two electrodes, can make described second electrode and described antenna element capacitive couplings, wherein said antenna element and described second electricity
One in extremely can operate as emission electrode, and respective another one operates as receptor electrode, and wherein said
Emission electrode can be fed into electricity alternating signal.
Capacitive sensor device the most according to claim 1, wherein said antenna element
Coupled by the transceiver circuit of high pass filter with described handheld radio transceiver, and
Coupled with described sensor device by low pass filter.
Capacitive sensor device the most according to claim 1, wherein said antenna element operates as emission electrode,
And wherein said antenna element receives electricity alternating signal by low pass filter.
Capacitive sensor device the most according to claim 1, wherein said sensor device farther includes the 3rd electricity
Pole, described 3rd electrode is disposed substantially between described antenna element and described second electrode, and be fed into be fed into
The described electricity the most contrary electric alternating signal of alternating signal of described emission electrode.
Capacitive sensor device the most according to claim 2, wherein said low pass filter includes microstrip line.
Capacitive sensor device the most according to claim 1, the assessment circuit of wherein said sensor device is configured
With detection object and the nearness of the described electrode of described sensor device and/or the object described electricity away from described sensor device
The distance of pole.
Capacitive sensor device the most according to claim 6, wherein said handheld radio transceiver include for
Detection HF of radiation at described antenna launches the detection means of power, and wherein detected HF launches power with detected
Described object be included in together with the nearness of the described electrode of described sensor device described hand-held radio received and dispatched
In the described estimation of the described Specific Absorption Rate of device.
8. a handheld radio transceiver, it includes according to the capacitive character described in any claim in aforementioned claim
Sensor device, the described antenna element of wherein said handheld radio transceiver and described capacitive sensor device coupling
Close, and wherein during the operation of described handheld radio transceiver, described antenna element can be simultaneously as described capacitive character
The sensor electrode of sensor device and the HF antenna of described handheld radio transceiver and operate.
Handheld radio transceiver the most according to claim 8, it is at least one in following group: double-direction radio
Electricity, mobile phone, wireless phone, wlan device, minicomputer and flat board PC.
10. for the method operating handheld radio transceiver according to claim 8, including
Use the antenna element of described handheld radio transceiver as capacitive sensor to determine capacitance,
The Specific Absorption Rate of described handheld radio transceiver is estimated from described capacitance, and
According to estimation, increase or reduce the described transmitting power of described handheld radio transceiver,
Wherein make the second electrode of described capacitive sensor device and the described antenna electric of described handheld radio transceiver
Capacitive coupling, and wherein said second electrode or described antenna element operate as emission electrode and another one is as receiving electricity
Pole, and wherein to the electric alternating signal of capacitive sensor device described in described emission electrode feed-in, wherein at described antenna element
Described capacitive couplings between part and described second electrode depends on the nearness of object and is detected as described capacitance,
And the capacitive couplings detected by wherein is the measurement of the distance away from described antenna element to described nearness and/or object.
11. methods according to claim 10, wherein in order to detect described capacitance, alternating signal passes through low pass filter
Or transmission line is fed into described antenna element.
12. methods according to claim 10, wherein detect and are launched power by the described HF of described aerial radiation, and by institute
The HF detected launches power and is included in the described estimation of described Specific Absorption Rate.
13. methods according to claim 11, wherein detect the capacity load of described alternating signal as capacitance, institute
Stating capacity load is the measurement of the distance away from described antenna element to described nearness and/or described object.
14. methods according to claim 11, wherein microstrip line is used as low pass filter.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1020110046224 | 2011-02-23 | ||
| DE102011004622A DE102011004622B4 (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2011-02-23 | Capacitive sensor device and radio device with capacitive sensor device and method for setting a transmission power of a radio device |
| PCT/EP2012/052865 WO2012113754A1 (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2012-02-20 | Capacitive sensor device and radio transceiver with a capacitive device and a method for adjusting a transmission power of a handheld radio transceiver |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103443999A CN103443999A (en) | 2013-12-11 |
| CN103443999B true CN103443999B (en) | 2016-11-30 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0564164A1 (en) * | 1992-04-01 | 1993-10-06 | AT&T Corp. | Capacitive proximity sensors |
| CN1507674A (en) * | 2001-03-07 | 2004-06-23 | 西门子公司 | Ridio communications device comprising an SAR value-reducing correction element |
| CN101958455A (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2011-01-26 | 苹果公司 | Electronic equipment with capacitive proximity sensor |
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0564164A1 (en) * | 1992-04-01 | 1993-10-06 | AT&T Corp. | Capacitive proximity sensors |
| CN1507674A (en) * | 2001-03-07 | 2004-06-23 | 西门子公司 | Ridio communications device comprising an SAR value-reducing correction element |
| CN101958455A (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2011-01-26 | 苹果公司 | Electronic equipment with capacitive proximity sensor |
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