CN103442905A - Improvements in bicycle wheels - Google Patents

Improvements in bicycle wheels Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103442905A
CN103442905A CN2012800144628A CN201280014462A CN103442905A CN 103442905 A CN103442905 A CN 103442905A CN 2012800144628 A CN2012800144628 A CN 2012800144628A CN 201280014462 A CN201280014462 A CN 201280014462A CN 103442905 A CN103442905 A CN 103442905A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
wheel
spoke
support
wheel rim
edge
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Granted
Application number
CN2012800144628A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN103442905B (en
Inventor
迪米特里奥斯·卡特萨尼斯
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INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY Ltd
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Individual
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Priority to CN201610952464.1A priority Critical patent/CN107089097B/en
Publication of CN103442905A publication Critical patent/CN103442905A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B21/00—Rims
    • B60B21/02—Rims characterised by transverse section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B1/00—Spoked wheels; Spokes thereof
    • B60B1/003—Spoked wheels; Spokes thereof specially adapted for bicycles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B1/00—Spoked wheels; Spokes thereof
    • B60B1/02—Wheels with wire or other tension spokes
    • B60B1/0261—Wheels with wire or other tension spokes characterised by spoke form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B21/00—Rims
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B21/00—Rims
    • B60B21/06—Rims characterised by means for attaching spokes, i.e. spoke seats
    • B60B21/062—Rims characterised by means for attaching spokes, i.e. spoke seats for bicycles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B21/00—Rims
    • B60B21/06—Rims characterised by means for attaching spokes, i.e. spoke seats
    • B60B21/066—Rims characterised by means for attaching spokes, i.e. spoke seats the spoke mounting means being located on a flange oriented radially and formed on the radially inner side of the rim well
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B21/00—Rims
    • B60B21/10—Rims characterised by the form of tyre-seat or flange, e.g. corrugated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B5/00—Wheels, spokes, disc bodies, rims, hubs, wholly or predominantly made of non-metallic material
    • B60B5/02—Wheels, spokes, disc bodies, rims, hubs, wholly or predominantly made of non-metallic material made of synthetic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2900/00—Purpose of invention
    • B60B2900/10—Reduction of
    • B60B2900/111—Weight
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2900/00—Purpose of invention
    • B60B2900/10—Reduction of
    • B60B2900/121—Resisting forces
    • B60B2900/1216—Resisting forces due to air-drag
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2900/00—Purpose of invention
    • B60B2900/30—Increase in
    • B60B2900/311—Rigidity or stiffness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/10—Road Vehicles
    • B60Y2200/13—Bicycles; Tricycles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/10—Road Vehicles
    • B60Y2200/13—Bicycles; Tricycles
    • B60Y2200/134—Racing bikes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction 
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/88—Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)
  • Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)
  • Motorcycle And Bicycle Frame (AREA)

Abstract

A wheel (1) for use with a bicycle, the wheel (1) comprising a hub (4) about which the wheel (1) is mountable to a bicycle, a rim (2) about which a tyre (6) is mountable, and a plurality of spokes (3) that extend between the hub (4) and the rim (2), wherein the rim (2) and/or one or more of the spokes have a leading and/or trailing edge, at least part of which has an undulating configuration.

Description

Improvement in cycle wheel
Technical field
The present invention relates to the improvement in cycle wheel, and be particularly related to a kind of cycle wheel with improved Rim structure.
Background technology
Traditional bicycle quick wheel rim is formed by the straight extrudate manufacture of the material such as metal, the straight extrudate of these of material is cut, bends to annular shape and end is bonded, the welding or otherwise be attached to together.As selection, wheel rim can be formed by the composite material such as carbon fibre reiforced plastic.This wheel rim directly is made for annular shape also thus without carrying out above-mentioned bending step.In above-mentioned two kinds of layouts, wheel rim all has the constant degree of depth in all points around its circumference.Subsequently, spoke is connected to around a plurality of somes place of the inner radial surface of this wheel rim.As selection, bicycle rim and spoke are formed by composite material.
In use, traditional wheel rim may experience the aerodynamics problem.For example, traditional wheel rim design may cause on wheel existing a large amount of drag force (drag), thereby has reduced the speed of bicycle.In addition, the conventional direction with the institute edge of advancing with respect to bicycle becomes the moving of ambient air that the angle of inclination of non-zero are advanced may cause laterally making a concerted effort to wheel to be applied.If this power puts on the place ahead of being positioned at wheel hub or the position at rear, this power will be formed centrally moment in wheel, in the situation that front-wheel, this moment will cause wheel to depart from desired path and turn to.The cyclist must apply and turn to input to offset this moment.The point of action of this power on wheel is referred to as center of pressure.Especially, this center of pressure is defined as such point:, at this some place, the moment around vertical axis and horizontal shaft in the plane of wheel is zero (that is, zero deflection and zero rolls).Because side force is actually zero, so this point is inapplicable in zero deflection place.
Summary of the invention
Now designed a kind of new bicycle wheel, it has overcome or has roughly relaxed the some or all of defects in the above-mentioned of prior art and/or other defect.
Find, make the leading edge of wheel rim and/or one or more in trailing edge and/or spoke there is waveform construction the advantage on aerodynamics in use is provided.
Therefore, according to a first aspect of the invention, a kind of wheel for using together with bicycle is provided, this wheel comprises wheel hub, wheel rim and a plurality of spoke, and wheel can be mounted to bicycle around wheel hub, and tire can be installed around wheel rim, and these a plurality of spokes extend between wheel hub and wheel rim, wherein, one or more in wheel rim and/or spoke has leading edge and/or trailing edge, and at least a portion of leading edge and/or trailing edge has waveform construction.
In some embodiments, wheel rim has radially inward edge, and at least a portion of this radially inward edge has waveform construction.
Carried out computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and analyzed, this CFD analyzes the drag force that will be on having with the wheel of the wheel rim of waveform construction produces with the speed of 15m/s and has the drag force produced on the wheel of traditional non-waveform wheel rim and contrasted.The speed of selecting 15m/s is close to the contest speed obtained by high-caliber cyclist because of this speed.Result, under certain angle of inclination scope, shows in the situation that have the wheel of waveform wheel rim the drag force reduced.
This waveform construction can be level and smooth in form.For example, this waveform construction can there is no the interconnecting gangway of dihedral between the crest of this waveform construction and trough, or there is no the interconnecting gangway of dihedral fully.Waveform construction can arrange along the gamut at edge, makes this edge be or in wave shape or in wave shape off and on.The crest of waveform construction and trough can be every determining deviations or with the fitfull pitch arrangement.
Radially inward edge with waveform construction preferably has the radial distance changed between the crest of waveform construction and trough.This radially inward edge can be in wave shape continuously.In these are arranged, this radially inward edge can comprise a series of concave regions and convex region that alternately change, and these concave regions and convex region are closely adjacent to each other.In presently preferred embodiments, each crest of waveform construction all has the exterior contour of convex in the plane of wheel.Inner radial surface along wheel rim can exist at least three pairs of crests and trough, is more preferably 12 pairs and is preferably the most at least two ten four pairs.
This radially inward edge can have the corrugated part of regular arrangement, these corrugated parts have identical height, or as selecting, and between these corrugated parts height different at two or more, alternately change, wherein, highly be defined as the radial height with respect to the annular base of wheel rim.Poorly be preferably at least 5mm at the crest of corrugated part and the radial height between trough, more preferably for 10mm at least and be preferably the most at least 20mm.
One or more in spoke can also at least have waveform construction on leading edge and/or trailing edge.This waveform construction preferably has above about the described feature of the radially inward edge of wheel rim.
In other embodiments, one or more in spoke has leading edge and/or trailing edge, and at least a portion of leading edge and/or trailing edge has waveform construction.In addition or as a kind of replacement scheme, this can be the waveform construction be positioned on the radially inward edge of wheel rim.
In these embodiments, waveform construction can be level and smooth in form.For example, this waveform construction can there is no the interconnecting gangway of dihedral or there is no the interconnecting gangway of dihedral fully between the crest of this waveform construction and trough.This waveform construction can arrange along the gamut at edge, makes this edge or in wave shape or most preferably in wave shape continuously off and on.The crest of waveform construction and trough can be every determining deviations or with the fitfull pitch arrangement.
The corrugated part of one or more the had regular arrangement in spoke, these corrugated parts have identical height, or as selecting, and between these corrugated parts height different at two or more, alternately change, wherein, highly be defined as the radial height with respect to the annular base of wheel rim.At crest and the poor at least 5mm that is preferably of the radial height between trough of corrugated part, be more preferably 10mm at least, and be preferably the most at least 20mm.
Preferably, one or more spoke has leading edge and trailing edge, and at least a portion in leading edge and trailing edge has waveform construction.In a preferred embodiment, this one or more spoke has and roughly is avette or oval-shaped cross section.
Wheel rim preferably has the side surface joined in the radially inward edge place of wheel rim.Side surface preferably has level and smooth structure, and to be preferably the most be convex roughly in form.Especially, side surface can be from the base portion side of wheel rim to outwards crooked, and the radially inward edge place that is subsequently wheel rim join before side direction upcountry crooked.For at least a portion in the plane of wheel and preferably with regard to the degree of depth of most wheel rim, the gap of the lateral edges of wheel rim may be greater than the gap of the lateral edges of the tire that is attached to this wheel rim.
Radially inward edge with wheel rim of waveform construction is preferably opened at internal interval with the lateral edges of wheel rim, and can between the lateral edges of wheel rim, roughly medially align, and with the central plane of wheel, roughly aligns.In some embodiments, particularly, on trailing wheel, the radially inward edge of wheel rim can be biased, to offset the unequal tension force that spoke is subject to due to unequal " depressed deformation ".It is rounded to form level and smooth crest curve in the plane of the planar quadrature with wheel that this radially inward edge is preferably.Lateral edges preferably is configured so that the interior section of the circle of radial inner edge cause side surface limits.The outer cross section profile at the place of the radially inward edge in wheel rim of side surface preferably has at least radius of 5mm, and the most preferably has at least radius of 10mm.
CFD analyzes to have the radially inward edge structure of this circle, is having and do not have according to carrying out on the wheel of corrugated part of the present invention, and this CFD analyzes and made comparisons in the position of the center of pressure under different angle of inclination.This analysis showed that, at angle of inclination, is under 0 °, 5 °, 10 °, 15 ° and 20 °, center of pressure in the situation that have with the wheel of the wheel rim of waveform construction with compare more close wheel hub in the situation that there is the wheel of the wheel rim of traditional non-waveform.Thus, there is wheel with the wheel rim of waveform construction and be not subject to the power that causes front-wheel deflection equally large with the wheel with traditional wheel rim.This means that the cyclist inputs to offset the effect of this power without applying same large turning to.
Radially inward edge at wheel rim comprises a series of concave regions and convex region that alternately change, and these concave regions and convex region are in situation about being closely adjacent to each other, and waveform construction can be level and smooth in form.Yet, have been found that, advantage on aerodynamics also provides by such layout, in this layout, wheel rim has annular base, a plurality of extension and dihedral summit, at least one end sections of these extensions has the width at least reduced gradually in the plane of wheel, and spoke can be installed on this place, dihedral summit.Especially, in these are arranged, the radially inward edge of wheel rim can comprise on the plane of wheel a series of concave regions, and these concave regions are closely adjacent to each other and separate by the dihedral summit.
But also find, this of extension is configured in when at least some in extension are served as the support for the spoke of wheel provides advantage.Especially, find, for the support of each spoke, can reduce the stress that some place that wheel rim installs in spoke is subject to.Therefore, at least some in extension preferably limit the support for the spoke of wheel.
According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of wheel for using together with bicycle is provided, this wheel comprises wheel hub, wheel rim and a plurality of spoke, wheel can be mounted to bicycle around this wheel hub, these a plurality of spokes extend between wheel hub and wheel rim, wherein, the support for each spoke that wheel rim has annular base and stretches out from this base portion, at least one end sections of each support has the width at least reduced gradually in the plane of wheel, and this width is decreased to gradually spoke residing summit is installed.
For the support of each spoke, will usually from base portion, radially inwardly stretch out, or in the situation that spoke for example with the pattern intersected be connected to wheel hub each side approximate radial stretch out.
According to the wheel of this aspect of the present invention, be favourable, this is mainly because the support for each spoke has reduced the stress that some place that wheel rim installs in spoke is subject to.This means, can with the material of smaller amounts or more the material of lightweight manufacture the wheel that there is same intensity with conventional wheel, thereby reduced the weight of wheel and also reduced possibly manufacturing cost.As selection, can manufacture and there is identical weight with conventional wheel but have for this weight and the wheel of the intensity of Yan Genggao.
With respect to being mounted to surface with constant radial position, being the spoke of uniform radial surface, the stress that preferably is shaped to be reduced in the material of wheel rim for the support of each spoke is concentrated.Each support preferably has height, and this highly is the distance that support stretches out with respect to base portion, this highly for support in the width at its base portion place at least 10%, more preferably at least 20%, reach and be preferably at least 25% the most.Each support preferably stretches out at least 5m with respect to base portion, more preferably stretches out at least 10mm and the most preferably stretches out at least 20mm.
The width of support in the plane of wheel at least can constant speed reduce in the zone on summit.Therefore the profile of support in the plane of wheel is can be at least roughly triangular in shape or trapezoidal in the zone on summit.As selection, the width of support reduces with the speed increased in the plane of wheel.Especially, support each side on Zhong Keyu summit, the plane of wheel has the profile of convex, roughly is the profile of domeshape.Yet, in presently preferred embodiments, the width of support reduces with the speed reduced in the plane of wheel.Especially, the profile that support each side on Zhong Ke summit, the plane of wheel all has spill.
Support for each spoke also can have the width reduced gradually on other plane of aiming at the longitudinal axis of spoke.Therefore the shape that is used for the support of each spoke can have and roughly be cylindrical-conical structure.With respect to other plane of aliging with the longitudinal axis of spoke, support will usually have larger width in the plane of wheel, and can be therefore at the longitudinal axis with spoke, in vertical plane, have in substantially oblong-shaped in shape cross section.
The profile of support is at least preferably level and smooth in the plane of wheel.Support can at least have the width reduced continuously between the summit of installing at base portion and spoke in the plane of wheel.Especially, the inner radial surface of support preferably all becomes to be greater than the angle of 90 degree in all positions between the summit of installing with spoke at base portion with the longitudinal axis of spoke.
Each support can have in its base portion place and the gap width about equally between the spoke at wheel rim place, makes support be configured to be closely adjacent to each other.As selection, each support can have the width in the gap between the spoke that is less than the wheel rim place in its base portion place, makes between the support of the base portion of wheel rim or the adjacent spoke of other forming portion on the inner radial surface at wheel rim.
Wheel rim can comprise the auxiliary forming portion between support, and these auxiliary forming portions are suitable for providing the advantage on the aerodynamics as hereinafter described in more detail.These forming portions can comprise the extension had with the similar form of support.Yet the most preferably, these forming portions have the profile of convex in the plane of wheel, and preferably be roughly domeshape, for example, have in substantially oblong-shaped in shape cross section in vertical plane at the longitudinal axis with spoke.
The summit of each support preferably has end surface, spoke or be connected to this end surface or form with this end surface.In the situation that spoke is the independent parts of separating with wheel rim, the summit of support preferably is fixed to the end of spoke.As selection, it is the part of same parts that spoke can form with wheel rim, and therefore is integrally formed therewith.
In presently preferred embodiments, there is roughly level and smooth interconnecting gangway between the adjacently situated surfaces of the surface of support and spoke, for example, make and basically do not have the shoulder shape section be formed between support and spoke.This is the most preferably by for example forming wheel rim and spoke is realized with composite material by molded.Yet, in some embodiments, can have little shoulder shape section.This shoulder shape section preferably stretches out less than 15mm and is preferably about the most 10mm or less or about 8mm or less from spoke.In these embodiments, at spoke and shoulder, the end surface limited by support between shape section preferably has 50% area of the sectional area of the base portion that is less than this support, is less than 50% the area with the interface of the annular base of wheel rim.The area of end surface more preferably be less than support base portion 30%, and the most preferably be less than this support base portion 20%.
In the situation that spoke shape becomes the independent parts that are fixed to wheel rim, spoke preferably is attached to by applicable fastener the support be associated.This fastener can be suitable for making spoke in when assembling in extended state.Traditional fastener extends through the aperture in the wall of wheel rim, makes the radial outside that the head of expansion is arranged to the wall of wheel rim, and makes the radially inner side that is connected with spoke that threaded connector is arranged to the wall of wheel rim.In the situation that use this type of fastener, the summit of support can comprise aperture, and as mentioned above, fastener is arranged in this aperture.In these are arranged, it is also preferred that, between the adjacently situated surfaces of the surface of support and spoke, existence level and smooth interconnecting gangway roughly, for example make and basically do not have the shoulder shape section be formed between support and spoke.
Comprise such spoke for the alternative arrangement that spoke is fixed to wheel rim: its extend through wheel rim wall aperture and because this spoke makes the head of expansion be positioned on the radial outside of wall of wheel rim, be retained.Another replacement scheme is, spoke can be by gluing the wheel rim that is bonded to.
Each support preferably has and aligns with the central axial line of support or the approximate single spoke alignd.Especially, this spoke can extend from the central authorities of the end surface of support.In a kind of alternative arrangement, two spokes of each support part supports, these spokes preferably are connected to the opposite side of wheel hub.This support is at least preferably symmetrical in the plane of wheel, most preferably about the longitudinal axis symmetry of spoke.As selection, this support can be non-symmetrical about the plane of wheel, and biases to especially a side.This can be useful have the application of comparing unequal tension force with opposite side on vehicle wheel spoke need to the side at wheel in, or in the situation that to provide other benefit by this layout can be useful.
Therefore the annular base of wheel rim preferably has constant radial height, and has shown the smallest radial height of the wheel rim that support and any other forming portion stretch out from it.The radial height of annular base can be greater than the radial height with respect to this base portion of support.
Wheel hub can have traditional form, and it is suitable for rotatably being mounted to the vehicle frame of bicycle.Usually, wheel hub will be limited to the extension of each side of wheel, and these extensions rotatably are mounted to vehicle frame.For example, wheel hub can comprise the cylindrical extension to each side of wheel, and it rotatably is contained in the opening of the correspondence in vehicle frame.Spoke can be connected to wheel hub by applicable anchor fitting, or forms with wheel hub.In general, wheel hub is defined for the point of connection that is connected to spoke, and it can adopt the form for the connecting element position opening in the inner of spoke.In some embodiments, wheel hub comprises having the roughly central member of cylindrical form.This central member can be provided with protruding flange, and spoke is connected to these protruding flanges.
Wheel rim can limit the radially-outer surface that is suitable for retaining tire.This radially-outer surface limits circumferential grooves usually, and this circumferential grooves is suitable for receiving having and roughly takes the shape of the letter U or the tire of the section shape of V-arrangement.This circumferential grooves can be by the ring-shaped bearing flange limit, and these ring-shaped bearing flanges stretch out from each lateral edges of radially-outer surface.Wheel rim can be formed by metal, or is formed by molded composite material.
Spoke is preferably elongated in form, and to be arranged to provide the kind for wheel being mounted to the bicycle on it between wheel hub and wheel rim be suitable being connected.Spoke can be formed by metal, plastics or composite material, and can have the form of bar, blade or aerodynamic force member.
Wheel will have three or more spokes usually, be for example 12,16 or more.When 12 or more spoke are set, spoke is preferably the independent parts that Yu Yiduan is mounted to the wheel hub of wheel and is mounted to support in the other end.Usually, spoke is by metal, composite material or other suitable material is individually formed or molded forming, and subsequently by bonding, welding or riveted joint or by using other method or being assembled on wheel rim and wheel hub to form single structure with the combination of stating method.For example, yet, particularly in the situation that be intended to bicycle use in time trial, wheel can have the spoke that is no more than 12, three, four, five or six spokes.In these are arranged, spoke preferably for example forms by the molded of composite material with wheel hub and the wheel rim of wheel.
In order to reduce weight, wheel rim is generally hollow, and it has inner radial wall and the radial outer wall that connects sidewall and is limited to chamber therebetween.In some embodiments, this wheel rim can comprise the core of enhancing, and for example polymeric foam, the timber such as light wood, maybe can comprise another inner core that strengthens.Wheel preferably includes the tire of the radially-outer surface that is mounted to wheel rim.This tire is normally inflatable, and can after venting, from wheel rim, be removed.The present invention is applicable to use together with the various dissimilar bicycle that comprises race bicycle and leisure bicycle.
According to another aspect of the invention, provide a kind of bicycle with at least one wheel as above.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Only as explanation, embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail now with reference to accompanying drawing, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the lateral plan according to the first embodiment of wheel of the present invention;
The front view of the wheel that Fig. 2 is Fig. 1;
The block diagram of the wheel that Fig. 3 is Fig. 1 and 2;
Fig. 4 is by the section drawing of the wheel rim of the wheel of Fig. 1 to 3;
Fig. 5 is the lateral plan according to the second embodiment of wheel of the present invention;
The front view of the wheel that Fig. 6 is Fig. 5;
The block diagram of the wheel that Fig. 7 is Fig. 5 and 6;
Fig. 8 is the block diagram according to the 3rd embodiment of wheel of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the lateral plan according to the 4th embodiment of wheel of the present invention;
The front view of the wheel that Figure 10 is Fig. 9;
The block diagram of the wheel that Figure 11 is Fig. 9 and 10;
Figure 12 shows two conventional wheels and two lateral plans according to wheel of the present invention of analyzing through CFD;
Figure 13 shows the outer cross section profile of wheel rim of each wheel of Figure 12;
The CFD that Figure 14 shows for the wheel of Figure 12 and 13 analyzes data;
Figure 15 shows the CFD relevant with the drag force in angle of inclination scope certain Figure 14 and analyzes data;
The relevant CFD in position that Figure 16 shows the center of pressure with in angle of inclination scope certain Figure 14 analyzes data.
The specific embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, cycle wheel is represented as 1 usually.Wheel 1 has annular wheel rim 2, elongated spoke 3 and central hub 4.
The form of wheel rim 2 rounded ring-shaped articles.Wheel rim 2 defines inner radial surface 5 and radially-outer surface and side surface 7,8.Inside face 5 defines the internal circumference of wheel rim 2, and it inwardly faces central hub 4.Outside face defines the exterior periphery of wheel rim 2, and it is outwards carried on the back towards wheel hub 4.
The side surface the 7, the 8th of wheel rim 2, about wheel 1 residing plane symmetry, referring to Fig. 4.Especially, side surface 7,8 is curved in the plane with wheel 1 residing planar quadrature, and is generally in form convex.Their some places on the inside face of wheel rim 2 join, and particularly in the radially inward edge place of wheel rim, join.Side surface is from the base portion side of wheel rim to outwards crooked, and the radially inward edge place that is subsequently wheel rim join before side direction upcountry crooked.Side surface has level and smooth structure.
Roughly V-shaped cannelure is arranged in the exterior periphery of wheel rim 2, at this, roughly in V-shaped cannelure, accommodates tire 6.
Wheel hub 4 comprises elongated cylinder 13.Two flanges 14 are arranged on cylinder 13, and each flange is near an end of cylinder 13.Each spoke 3 is connected to of flange 14 in what be arranged in flange 14 towards outer lip-deep connection location place.These connection locations are spaced apart every a determining deviation ground around this flange 14.The section of being connected to form is arranged at these positions of the section that is connected to form that is suitable for being connected to the correspondence be arranged on spoke 3.Spoke 3 is elongated Metallic rod.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 to 3, always co-exist in 12 spokes.In alternative arrangement, six of being connected in flange 14 in spoke, and six be connected to another flange 14.
As mentioned above, flange 14 is arranged to the end near cylinder 13, but is not positioned at the end of cylinder 13.The end sections 15 that this means cylinder 13 stretches out and is suitable for wheel 1 rotatably is mounted to the vehicle frame of bicycle from wheel 1.
The inside face 5 of wheel rim 2 defines a plurality of protrusions.These protrusions comprise supporting protrusion 9, and supporting protrusion 9 is arranged in the zone be connected of each spoke and inside face 5.Each supporting protrusion 9 all is connected to spoke 3.Protrusion also comprises auxiliary protrusion 10, and auxiliary protrusion 10 is arranged between the supporting protrusion.Supporting protrusion 9 and auxiliary protrusion 10 all have the structure that substantially is dome shape.Supporting protrusion 9 and auxiliary protrusion 10 coordinate to provide the inside face in wave shape regularly of wheel rim 102.When observing wheel 1 from the side, as shown in fig. 1, can be observed, supporting protrusion 9 is slightly protruding with respect to auxiliary protrusion 10.
The second embodiment according to wheel of the present invention has been shown in Fig. 5 to 7, and it is represented as 201 usually.Fig. 5 shows the cycle wheel 201 with wheel rim 202 and wheel hub 204.Wheel rim 202 has inner radial surface 205 and radially-outer surface 206 and side surface 207,208.The same with the situation of the first embodiment, inside face 205 limits the inner periphery of wheel rim 202, and it faces central hub 204.Outside face 206 limits the excircle of wheel rims, it towards outer, carry on the back towards wheel hub 204.
The same with the situation of the first embodiment, side surface 207,208 is symmetrical about the residing plane of wheel 201.Side surface 207,208 is curved in the plane with wheel 201 residing planar quadrature, makes the ring edge place of side surface 207,208 on the inside face 205 that is positioned at wheel rim 202 join.
In the example of Fig. 5 to 7, there are four wide spokes 216.These spokes are connected to wheel hub 204 by the inside face of wheel rim 202 205.Spoke 216 is connected to inside face 205 along the length of inside face 205 in the position of equal spacings.
The recess 210 of equal spacings is limited in the part between the point of connection of inside face 205 and spoke 206 of inside face 205.These recesses 210 define a series of waveform section, make when when wheel is observed in side as shown in Figure 5, observe the continuous profile of protrusion 211 and recess 210.The height of protrusion alternately changes between two slightly different values along the length of inside face, as can be seen in fig. 5.As above about the first embodiment, discuss like that, this of wheel rim 202 inside face in wave shape regularly has been found to provide the advantage on aerodynamics.
Be included as oblate circular discoid part at the wheel hub 204 shown in Fig. 5 to 7, the location ratio is large at its circumference place in the central for the thickness of this discoid pieces.Wheel hub 204 has crooked side surface, and these crooked side surfaces join in the ring edge place at the circumference place in discoid pieces, thereby gives the cross section of this discoid pieces cigar shape.Wheel hub 204 also defines from the outwardly directed center shaft 218 of the side surface of wheel hub 204.This axle 218 is suitable for rotatably being mounted to the vehicle frame of bicycle, for example, by realizing in the opening that is accommodated in the correspondence in vehicle frame.
Spoke 216 is connected to wheel hub 204 in the some place of the circumference equal spacings around discoid pieces.
The 4th embodiment according to wheel of the present invention has been shown in Fig. 8, and it is typically expressed as 301.The difference of the embodiment shown in the 4th embodiment and Fig. 5 to 7 is that corrugated part 319 also is limited on spoke 316.Especially, corrugated part 319 is limited on the Zhong Chang edge, the plane in wheel 301 of spoke 316.The waved surface of spoke 316 has been found to confirm to provide the advantage on aerodynamics equally.
Another embodiment according to wheel of the present invention has been shown in Fig. 9, and it is typically expressed as 101.
The inside face of wheel rim 102 limits recess 110 along the length of the inside face of wheel rim 102 every a determining deviation.The existence of recess 110 means that inside face 105 defines a plurality of supporting protrusions 111, and each supporting protrusion 111 has the dihedral summit.The profile of the supporting protrusion 111 of present embodiment is more precipitous than the profile of the protrusion 9,10 shown in Fig. 3.
This supporting protrusion 111 is arranged on each side of each recess 110.Therefore supporting protrusion 111 is also opened every certain intervals along the length of the inside face 105 of wheel rim 102.When from this side, observing wheel 101, as shown in Figure 9, each recess 110 is symmetrical about the line of drawing through wheel hub 104 and two adjacent supporting protrusions 111 are divided into two.
In this embodiment, dark than in the first embodiment of the recess in wheel rim 102 110.In addition, supporting protrusion 111 is not crooked but have the dihedral summit smoothly.In addition, each protrusion be positioned on the inner periphery of wheel rim all is connected to spoke 103.
In this embodiment, supporting protrusion 111 provides following advantage: reduced the stress be subject in the some place that spoke 103 is installed in wheel rim 102.
Each spoke 103 is by one in flange 14 summit of be connected in supporting protrusion 111.The section of being connected to form is arranged at the place, summit of each supporting protrusion 111.This section of being connected to form is suitable for being connected to the section that is connected to form of the correspondence be arranged on spoke 3.In the example shown in Fig. 9 to 11, each protrusion 111 all is connected to relative flange 114, to be connected to its contiguous supporting protrusion 111.
In use, vehicle frame and cyclist's weight is transmitted by each the wheel hub 104 in cycle wheel 101.This by effect of stress on wheel 101, and especially, by effect of stress near zone spoke 103 is connected to the point at inside face 105 places of wheel rim 102 of wheel rim 102.Due to the structure required for protection of this wheel, the stress that the stress amplitude ratio be subject in those zones is subject in the corresponding region of the wheel 101 that does not have this structure is little.
Supporting protrusion 111 for each spoke 103 has reduced the stress be subject in the some place that spoke 103 is installed at wheel rim 102.This means can with the material of smaller amounts or more the material manufacture of lightweight there is the wheel of the intensity identical with conventional wheel, thereby reduced the weight of wheel and also reduced possibly manufacturing cost.As selection, but wheel can be manufactured to have the weight identical with conventional wheel has higher intensity.
Figure 12 shows two conventional wheels analyzing through CFD and according to the lateral plan of two wheels of the present invention.Wheel (a) and (d) there is traditional, non-wavy wheel rim.Wheel (c) has and the structure roughly the same at the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 to 4 of the present invention.Wheel (b) has and the structure roughly the same at the embodiment shown in Fig. 9 to 11 of the present invention.Figure 13 illustrates the outer cross section profile of each wheel rim.Wheel (a) and (c) have a kind of like this profile: with respect to wheel (b) with (c), the major part along its radial extension has larger thickness for it, and has more rounded radially inward edge.Yet each in wheel (a) to (d) all has the spoke of equal number and identical wheel hub structure.In addition, all spokes that exist in wheel (a) to (d) all have identical cross section.This guarantees that between wheel, any result difference in the CFD analysis result causes by different Rim structures, but not is caused by different spokes or wheel hub structure.
The speed of take is carried out computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis as 15m/s and angle of inclination as 0 °, 5 °, 10 °, 15 ° and 20 ° on these wheels.Air lift force, drag force and side force for each wheel, moment, and the data of center of pressure have been shown under each angle of inclination in Figure 14.
Figure 15 shows the CFD relevant with the drag force in angle of inclination scope tested Figure 14 and analyzes.Wheel (a) and (c) have identical cross sectional shape, unique difference is the waveform construction of the radially inward edge of wheel (c).The CFD data show under tested all angle of inclination, have waveform construction wheel, be that wheel (c) has than the little drag force of the wheel with traditional non-waveform construction (a).
Equally, wheel (b) and (d) there is identical cross sectional shape, unique difference is the waveform construction of the radially inward edge of wheel (b).The CFD data show at least under the angle of inclination of 0-10 °, have waveform construction wheel, be that wheel (b) has than the little drag force of the wheel with traditional non-waveform construction (d).The CFD data also show that minimum drag force is realized by wheel (c), and this wheel (c) has the waveform construction combined with more rounded radially inward edge.
The relevant CFD in position that Figure 16 shows the center of pressure with in angle of inclination scope certain Figure 14 analyzes data.Usually, center of pressure from wheel hub more close to, by the cyclist, the suffered power that causes front-wheel deflection is just less.This means that the cyclist does not need to apply same large turning to and inputs to offset the effect of this power.The CFD data show to have more rounded radially inward edge wheel, be wheel (a) and (c) have in the angle of inclination scope of test all the time and the center of pressure at a distance of small distance, the place ahead of wheel hub.For those wheels, the CFD data show under tested all angle of inclination, have waveform construction wheel, be wheel (c) in tested angle of inclination scope, have than the wheel with traditional non-waveform construction and wheel hub at a distance of nearer center of pressure.

Claims (33)

1. the wheel for using together with bicycle, described wheel comprises wheel hub, wheel rim and a plurality of spoke, described wheel can be mounted to bicycle around described wheel hub, tire can be installed around described wheel rim, and described a plurality of spoke extends between described wheel hub and described wheel rim, wherein, one or more in described wheel rim and/or described spoke has leading edge and/or trailing edge, and at least a portion of described leading edge and/or described trailing edge has waveform construction.
2. wheel according to claim 1, wherein, described waveform construction is level and smooth in form.
3. wheel according to claim 2, wherein, described waveform construction there is no the interconnecting gangway of dihedral between the crest of described waveform construction and trough.
4. according to the described wheel of any one in claims 1 to 3, wherein, described waveform construction is along the gamut setting at described edge, makes described edge or in wave shape or in wave shape continuously off and on.
5. according to the described wheel of any one in claim 1 to 4, wherein, described wheel rim has the radially inward edge with waveform construction.
6. wheel according to claim 5, wherein, described radially inward edge is in wave shape continuously.
7. wheel according to claim 6, wherein, described radially inward edge comprises a series of concave regions and convex region that alternately change, described concave regions and described convex region are closely adjacent to each other.
8. according to the described wheel of any one in claim 5 to 7, wherein, along the described radially inward edge of described wheel rim, be provided with at least three pairs of crests and trough.
9. according to the described wheel of any one in claim 5 to 8, wherein, described radially inward edge has the corrugated part of regular arrangement, and described corrugated part has identical height, perhaps as selecting, between the described corrugated part height different at two or more, alternately change.
10. wheel according to claim 9, wherein, the described crest of described corrugated part and the radial height between described trough are poor is 5mm at least.
11., according to the described wheel of any one in claim 5 to 10, wherein, one or more in described spoke at least also has waveform construction on described leading edge and/or described trailing edge.
12., according to the described wheel of any one in claim 5 to 11, wherein, the side surface construction of described wheel rim becomes to make the interior section of the circle of the described side surface of described radial inner edge cause to limit.
13. wheel according to claim 12, wherein, the outer cross section profile of the described side surface at the described radially inward edge place of described wheel rim has at least radius of 5mm.
14., according to the described wheel of arbitrary aforementioned claim, wherein, one or more in described spoke has leading edge and/or trailing edge, at least a portion of described leading edge and/or described trailing edge has waveform construction.
15. according to the described wheel of any one in claim 14, wherein, one or more in described spoke has the corrugated part of regular arrangement, between the described corrugated part height different at two or more, alternately change, wherein, described height is defined as the radial height with respect to the annular base of described wheel rim.
16. wheel according to claim 15, wherein, the described crest of described corrugated part and the radial height between described trough be poor is preferably at least 5mm, more preferably for 10mm at least and be preferably the most at least 20mm.
17., according to the described wheel of arbitrary aforementioned claim, wherein, one or more in described spoke not only has leading edge but also have trailing edge, at least a portion in described leading edge and described trailing edge has waveform construction.
18., according to claim 14 to the described wheel of any one in 17, wherein, described one or more spoke has and roughly is avette or oval-shaped cross section.
19. the wheel for using together with bicycle, described wheel comprises wheel hub, wheel rim and a plurality of spoke, described wheel can be mounted to bicycle around described wheel hub, described a plurality of spoke extends between described wheel hub and described wheel rim, wherein, the support for each described spoke that described wheel rim has annular base and stretches out from described base portion, at least one end of each described support has the width at least reduced gradually in the plane of described wheel, and described width is decreased to gradually described spoke residing summit is installed.
20. wheel according to claim 19, wherein, each described support has height, and described height is the distance that described support stretches out with respect to described base portion, and described height is described support at least 10% of the width at the described base portion place of described support.
21., according to claim 19 or the described wheel of claim 20, wherein, each described support stretches out at least 5mm with respect to described base portion.
22. according to claim 19 to the described wheel of any one in 21, wherein, the width of described support in the plane of described wheel at least reduces with constant speed in the zone on described summit, and it is at least roughly triangular in shape or trapezoidal making the profile of described support in the plane of described wheel in the zone on described summit.
23. according to claim 19 to the described wheel of any one in 21, wherein, the width of described support in the plane of described wheel reduces with the speed reduced, and makes described support all have the profile of spill in each side on described summit in the plane of described wheel.
24. according to claim 19 to the described wheel of any one in 23, wherein, there is on other plane of aliging with the longitudinal axis of described spoke the width reduced gradually for the described support of each described spoke, make shape for the described support of each described spoke have and roughly be cylindrical-conical structure.
25. wheel according to claim 24, wherein, described support has in substantially oblong-shaped in shape cross section in the plane vertical at the longitudinal axis with described spoke.
26., according to claim 19 to the described wheel of any one in 25, wherein, the profile of described support is at least level and smooth in the plane of described wheel.
27., according to claim 19 to the described wheel of any one in 26, wherein, described support at least has at described base portion and described spoke the width reduced continuously between residing summit is installed in the plane of described wheel.
28., according to claim 19 to the described wheel of any one in 27, wherein, between the adjacently situated surfaces of the surface of described support and described spoke, have roughly level and smooth interconnecting gangway.
29. wherein, basically there is not shoulder shape section in wheel according to claim 28 between described support and described spoke.
30., according to claim 19 to the described wheel of any one in 29, wherein, each described support has the single spoke alignd with the central axial line of described support.
31., according to claim 19 to the described wheel of any one in 30, wherein, described support is at least about the longitudinal axis symmetry of described spoke in the plane of described wheel.
32., according to claim 19 to the described wheel of any one in 31, wherein, one or more in described wheel rim and/or described spoke has leading edge and/or trailing edge, at least a portion of described leading edge and/or described trailing edge has waveform construction.
33. a bicycle, described bicycle has at least one as the described wheel of arbitrary aforementioned claim.
CN201280014462.8A 2011-01-27 2012-01-26 Improvement in cycle wheel Active CN103442905B (en)

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GBGB1101417.2A GB201101417D0 (en) 2011-01-27 2011-01-27 Improvements in bicycle wheels
GB1112995.4A GB2485630C (en) 2011-01-27 2011-07-28 Improvements in bicycle wheels
GB1112995.4 2011-07-28
US201161530087P 2011-09-01 2011-09-01
US61/530,087 2011-09-01
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ES2925533T3 (en) 2022-10-18
GB2485630A (en) 2012-05-23
US10611188B2 (en) 2020-04-07
WO2012101444A3 (en) 2012-12-20
US9610800B2 (en) 2017-04-04
US20130113269A1 (en) 2013-05-09
CN107089097B (en) 2021-03-05
GB2485630C (en) 2018-05-02
WO2012101444A2 (en) 2012-08-02
GB2489334A (en) 2012-09-26
GB2489334B (en) 2017-10-04
EP2619017B1 (en) 2022-06-29
US20170197462A1 (en) 2017-07-13
GB201101417D0 (en) 2011-03-16
GB201206392D0 (en) 2012-05-23
EP2619017A2 (en) 2013-07-31
GB2485630B (en) 2012-10-03
CN107089097A (en) 2017-08-25

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Address after: British Nottinghamshire

Patentee after: Intellectual Property Ltd

Address before: British Nottingham

Patentee before: Katsanis Dimitrios