CN103440273A - Data cross-platform migration method and device - Google Patents

Data cross-platform migration method and device Download PDF

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CN103440273A
CN103440273A CN2013103382728A CN201310338272A CN103440273A CN 103440273 A CN103440273 A CN 103440273A CN 2013103382728 A CN2013103382728 A CN 2013103382728A CN 201310338272 A CN201310338272 A CN 201310338272A CN 103440273 A CN103440273 A CN 103440273A
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CN103440273B (en
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李睿
马世龙
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Beihang University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a data cross-platform migration method and a data cross-platform migration device, which are used for data migration between different database systems. The device comprises a source data information module, a target data information module, a conversion module, an SQL (Structured Query Language) Engine, a data packet encapsulation, transmission and analysis module and an SQL statement execution module. The information on a source data platform and the information on a target data platform are described through the source data information module and the target data information module, a table is acquired from the source database to generate a Table object, the Table object is subjected to format conversion by the conversion module according to an XML (Extensible Markup Language) file for describing the mapping relation of fields between the databases, the converted information is constructed into an SQL statement by the SQL Engine, the SQL statement is encapsulated and transmitted to the platform where the target database is positioned, and the SQL statement is executed on the target platform to finish data migration. The method and the device realize smooth and lossless migration of the data between different databases of a heterogeneous platform.

Description

The cross-platform moving method of a kind of data and device
Technical field
The invention belongs to the cross-platform migration of application software field, the cross-platform moving method of especially a kind of data and device.
Background technology
Data Migration refers to the data in database and all list structure thereof, table and storing process (major key, external key, index etc.) etc. is moved on another database server, and can move fully, another database server can be to operate on different machines, can be to operate on different operating system, can be also another data base management system (DBMS).The reason that Data Migration occurs has a variety of, or because the application system that it supports has moved on another platform, or because existing Database Systems need to be upgraded to higher version, also or because the platform at data place need to carry out the upgrading of a series of basic softwares such as hardware, operating system, etc. suchlike reason.Whole transition process can relate to many steps and factor.Data migration method has extraction/change/load, copy and manual script etc., yet these methods are faced with some problems, when the one side data volume is increasing, and the stop time allowed on the other hand when reducing, it is especially complicated that this work will become.
Bloor research institute lists following statistics in " global metadata migration in 2000 " report of in September, 2007 issue:
16% data migration portion project has obtained success
37% budget overruns
64% does not complete on time
To carry out Data Migration, not a duck soup as can be seen here.This is because the technology path of the technical tactic that Database Systems production firm takes and selection is different, for market competition etc. reason, the exploitation of disparate databases system be applied in the utilization of resources, table structure, library structure etc. everyway and have larger difference.The difficult point that may face in data migration process has:
(1) the character set difference that the disparate databases system is supported, the modal problem that migration occurs is Confused-code;
(2) the peculiar function of Database Systems self and technology are to be identified by other Database Systems;
(3) in different Database Systems, different to definition and the disposal route of field, event, operation etc., thus cause in the identification of partial content and resolve having conflict;
How complete, realize that Data Migration is the difficult problem that needs of pendulum personage in the field of business solve exactly.
Summary of the invention
For the problem that realizes that at present Data Migration faces, the present invention proposes the cross-platform moving method of a kind of data and device, under the prerequisite without any intermediate storage process, realize almost nondestructively Data Migration.
The cross-platform moving method of data provided by the invention, comprise the steps:
Step 1: be a SrcDatabase object by the information creating of source data platform;
Step 2: be a DesDatabase object by the information creating of target data platform;
Step 3: call the execute method, complete whole transition process;
The SrcDatabase object of setting up and DesDatabase object all comprise following information: IP address, database side slogan, user name, password and the database-name of type of database, database place main frame;
Described execute method, comprise the steps:
Step 3.1: obtain a tables of data by the SrcDatabase object from the source database end, extract Table object corresponding to data construct from tables of data; The information that the Table object comprises has: all index informations in the foreign key information comprised in the major key information comprised in the structural information of the schema name of table, table name, all fields of table, table, table and table;
Step 3.2: according to the mapping relations of field between source database and target database, the Table object is converted to the table of target database;
Step 3.3: the information after conversion is passed to SQL statement and build engine SQLEngine, the DesDatabase object according to having encapsulated the target data library information, build corresponding SQL statement;
Step 3.4: SQL statement is packaged into to packet, passes to the platform that target database is positioned at;
Step 3.5: carry out SQL statement on target platform, the data of source database are inserted in target database, complete Data Migration.
The cross-platform moving apparatus of data provided by the invention comprises following ingredient: SDI module, target data information module, modular converter, SQLEngine, packet encapsulation, transmission and parsing module, and SQL statement execution module.
It is a SrcDatabase object by the information creating of source data platform that the SDI module is used for; It is a DesDatabase object by the information creating of target data platform that described target data information module is used for.Described SrcDatabase object and DesDatabase object all comprise following information: IP address, database side slogan, user name, password and the database-name of type of database, database place main frame.
Modular converter is for obtaining a tables of data according to the SrcDatabase object from source database, extract Table object corresponding to data construct from tables of data, again according to the DesDatabase object, utilize the mapping relations of field between source database and target database, the Table object is converted to the table that meets the target data library format.
SQLEngine, for according to the DesDatabase object, builds corresponding SQL statement.
Packet encapsulation, transmission and parsing module are for being packaged into packet by the SQL statement of structure, and transfer to the platform at target database place, and on the platform at target database place, packet is resolved, the SQL statement that parsing is obtained is given the SQL statement execution module.
The SQL statement execution module, for carrying out SQL statement, inserts the data of source database in target database.
The cross-platform moving method of data of the present invention and device, its advantage and good effect are:
(1) mapping relations between XML stored data base system field, take full advantage of the cross-platform characteristic of XML file, makes the cross-platform moving apparatus of data need not be subject to the restriction of operating system and software platform;
(2) storage of XML adopts hashmap, is easy to expansion;
(3) without any intermediate storage process, save the storage resources of system, reduced the difficulty of Data Migration;
(4) upwards shield the otherness between source database system and target database system, realized one-touch migration;
(5) adopt custom-designed transmission packet, simply be easy to resolve, irredundant information, further improve the efficiency of migration.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the cross-platform moving method of data of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the execute method used in the cross-platform moving method of data of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the exemplary plot that adopts HashMap to store the XML file of mapping relations between the descriptive data base field;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of packet that SQL statement is packaged into;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the cross-platform moving apparatus of data of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the information description figure of source database and target database in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the table of source database in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 shows the schematic diagram of equipment in target database in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 shows the structural representation of asset in source database in the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the index information shown shown in Fig. 9;
Figure 11 is the structural representation that migrates to table asset in target database MySQL;
Figure 12 shows the structural representation of users in source database in the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the structural representation that migrates to table users after target database MySQL;
Figure 14 shows the schematic diagram data of asset in source database in the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 15 is the schematic diagram data that migrates to table asset after target database MySQL;
Figure 16 shows the schematic diagram data of users in source database in the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 17 is the schematic diagram data that migrates to table users after target database MySQL.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
The cross-platform moving method of a kind of data provided by the invention and device, in order to the Data Migration that will be arranged in Database Systems on a certain platform to the Database Systems on another heterogeneous platform.The technology used in the present invention is mainly: by the information creating of source data platform, being a SrcDatabase object, is a DesDatabase object by the information creating of target data platform, then calls the execute method and completes whole transition process.The concrete execution flow process of execute method is, first by the SrcDatabase object obtained, from the source database end, obtain a Table object, it is passed to conversion (Transfer) module and carry out corresponding format conversion, again the information after conversion is passed to SQL (Structured Query Language, Structured Query Language (SQL)) sentence builder engine SQLEngine, DesDatabase object according to the information that has encapsulated target database, build corresponding SQL statement, and SQL statement is packaged into to packet, pass to the platform that target database is positioned at, carry out afterwards SQL statement on target platform, complete Data Migration.The process of whole Data Migration, moved according to the order of base table structure (whether comprise is empty, default value), index, major key, automatic increase, data message.After all tables of data have been moved, then carry out the migration of external key.The present invention, for solving the integrality of the cross-platform migration Data Migration of application software and the technical matters of accuracy, has realized level and smooth, the lossless migration of data between the heterogeneous platform disparate databases
As shown in Figure 1, be the cross-platform moving method of data provided by the invention, comprise following three steps:
Step 1: be a SrcDatabase object by the information creating of source data platform;
Step 2: be a DesDatabase object by the information creating of target data platform;
Step 3: call the execute method, complete whole transition process.
The information that the SrcDatabase object of setting up and DesDatabase object comprise has: the information such as the IP address of type of database, database place main frame, database side slogan, user name, password, database-name.
As shown in Figure 2, the implementation for the execute method, comprise the steps:
Step 3.1: obtain a tables of data by the SrcDatabase object from the source database end, extract Table object corresponding to data construct from tables of data.
The information that the Table object comprises has: all index informations in the foreign key information comprised in the major key information comprised in the structural information of the schema name of table, table name, all fields of table, table, table and table.
The table schema name schemaName, for private(privately owned) variable, data type is the String(character types).
Table name tableName, be the private variable, the String data type.
Showing the structural information columnList of all fields, is the private variable, with array ArrayList<Column > record each field.The structural information of field is as shown in table 1:
The structural information of table 1 field
Title Access rights Data type Describe
colName private String The title of field
dataType private int The value of Types in JDBC corresponding to the data type of field
typeName private String The title of data type in the field data storehouse
colSize private int Field size, corresponding precision during decimal, corresponding length during character
decimalDigits private int Field means decimal digits while being decimal, otherwise is 0
nullable private boolean Whether field allows for sky
colDef private String The default value of field
autoincrement private boolean Whether automatic increase of field
Int is integer, and boolean is Boolean type.JDBC(Java Data Base Connectivity, the java database connects) be a kind of for carrying out the Java API of SQL statement.
The major key information pk comprised in table, be the private variable, is primary key PrimaryKey.The major key attribute description is as shown in table 2, ArrayList<String > mean the other list structure that a parameter is character types.
Table 2 major key attribute information
Figure BDA00003624896300051
The foreign key information fk comprised in table, be the private variable, is the primary key PrimaryKey of other table.The attribute description of external key is as shown in table 3:
Table 3 external key attribute information
Title Access rights Data type Describe
pkTableSchema private String The schema name of the major key place table of foreign key reference
pkTableName private String The table name of the major key place table of foreign key reference claims
pkColNames private ArrayList<String> The major key of foreign key reference forms the title of row
pkName private String The major key title of foreign key reference
fkTableSchema private String The schema name of external key place table
fkTableName private String The table name of external key place table
fkColNames private String External key forms the title of row
fkName private String The title of external key
updataRule private short Operation when major key upgrades
deleteRule private short Operation when major key is deleted
Short means the data type of short.
All index information indexList in table is the private variable, with array ArrayList<Index > carry out recording indexes information.The description of index attributes is as shown in table 4.
Table 4 index attributes is described
Figure BDA00003624896300052
Step 3.2: the Table object of acquisition is carried out to corresponding format conversion; Concrete format conversion method is: according to the mapping relations of field between source database and target database, the Table object is converted to the table of target database.
Between source database and target database, the mapping relations of field are described with the XML file, and the XML file is stored in data structure Hashmap.
As shown in Figure 3, adopt HashMap to store the XML file of describing mapping relations, each XML file is only for describing the mapping relations of field between two certain database.HashMap has property value KEY and VALUE, and in the KEY value, storage is character string, carries out two databases of field mappings for sign, and for example the value of KEY is DB2TOOracle, and two databases that field mappings is carried out in expression are DB2 and Oracle.What the VALUE value was stored is the preservation position of XML file.
Wherein the field mapping table commonly used of frequently-used data storehouse system IBM DB2, Oracle, Sybase, SQL Server, Informix and IBM Content Manager is as follows:
Figure BDA00003624896300061
Figure BDA00003624896300071
The mapping relations of the field of every two kinds of databases are described with an XML file, when the Table object is changed, at first, from HashMap, find corresponding XML file according to the character string of identification database, then, according to the XML file, field in Table is converted to the corresponding field of target database, finally obtains the table of target database.When needs add the Related fields of new database to concern, with the corresponding relation of XML file description field, and add corresponding KEY and VALUE value in HashMap.
Step 3.3: the information after conversion is passed to SQLEngine, and the DesDatabase object according to the information that has encapsulated target database, build corresponding SQL statement; SQLEngine can generate corresponding SQL statement for specific database.The SQL statement generated is inserted target database for realizing by the data of source database, comprises insert statement, create statement, update statement etc.
Step 3.4: SQL statement is packaged into to packet, passes to the platform that target database is positioned at.
As shown in Figure 4, the structure of packet for encapsulation, the packet used is comprised of data packet head and data volume, omitted the packet tail, it is simpler that simplification like this not only allows the structure display of whole packet obtain, and simultaneously, the flow that transmission needs is less, the work of encapsulation/parsing is summary more, and coding is realized also simpler.
Data packet head is the description of whole packet, comprises the bag beginning flag of 4 bytes, the protocol version of 4 bytes, the bag size of 2 bytes, the CRC of 4 bytes (Cyclic Redundancy Check, cyclic redundancy check (CRC)) identifying code.The data volume part is for being transferred to the SQL statement of target database place platform.
Step 3.5: carry out SQL statement on target platform, the data of source database are inserted in target database, complete Data Migration.
The process of whole Data Migration, moved according to the order of base table structure (whether comprise is empty, default value), index, major key, automatic increase, data message.After all tables of data have been moved, then carry out the migration of external key.
As shown in Figure 5, be the structural representation of the cross-platform moving apparatus of data provided by the invention.The cross-platform moving apparatus of data comprises as lower module: SDI module 1, target data information module 2, modular converter 3, SQLEngine4, packet encapsulation, transmission and parsing module 5 and SQL statement execution module 6.
SDI module 1, also referred to as the SrcDatabase module, be created as the SrcDatabase object for the relevant information by the source data platform.
Target data information module 2, also become the DesDatabase module, for the relevant information by the target data platform, is created as the DesDatabase object.
The information that SrcDatabase object and DesDatabase object comprise has: the information such as IP address, database side slogan, user name, password and database-name of type of database, database place main frame.
Modular converter 3, also become the Transfer module, for according to the SrcDatabase object, from source database, obtaining a tables of data, extract Table object corresponding to data construct from tables of data, again according to the DesDatabase object, utilize the mapping relations of field between source database and target database, the Table object is converted to the table that meets the target data library format.
SQLEngine4 is an engine, for according to the DesDatabase object, generates corresponding SQL statement.
Packet encapsulation, transmission and parsing module 5 are packaged into packet for the SQL statement by structure, and transfer to the platform at target database system place, and on the platform at target database place, packet is resolved, the SQL statement finally parsing obtained is given SQL statement execution module 6.
SQL statement execution module 6, for the execution of SQL statement, inserts the data of source database in target database.
The effect of the cross-platform moving method of data of the present invention and device is described below by running example.
As shown in Figure 6, for Data Migration, the interface schematic diagram is set.Running example be take data from being positioned at the SQL server2008(source database on Windows operating system) migrate to the MySQL(target database be positioned on (SuSE) Linux OS) be example, the migration arranged arranges interface, for the information in source database and destination data storehouse is set, as shown below.After clicking " starting migration " button, start source database is carried out the migration of data, index, table and list structure.
Next, verify correctness and the integrality of Data Migration.
Several tables in original SQL server2008 database equipment database, each table all has the attributes such as major key, field automatic increase, data in form, index information.
(1) table: the table that is illustrated in figure 7 source database.By Data Migration, to MySQL, the table of database equipment as shown in Figure 8.
(2) list structure:
The list structure of asset in source database, as shown in Figure 9.Shown in Figure 10 of index information institute in the asset table, index is assetname.
Migrate to the list structure of asset table in MySQL, as shown in figure 11.In Figure 11 in the key attribute of assetname MUL be the index information of this table.
The list structure of users in source database, as shown in figure 12.
After migrating to MySQL, the list structure of users table as shown in figure 13.
(3) data in the table:
In source database, in the asset form, data as shown in figure 14.
Migrate in MySQL in the asset table data as shown in figure 15.
In source database, the data of Users form as shown in figure 16.
Migrate to after MySQL in the Users table data as shown in figure 17.
Result shows:
(1) adopt technical scheme of the present invention, can automatically carry out corresponding field conversion according to the database table field, thereby avoided the different and conflict that may cause of factor data bank field;
(2), by the content in same table in contrast source database and target database, verified that well the cross-platform moving method of data of the present invention and device possess integrality and accuracy in data migration process;
(3) the cross-platform moving method of data of the present invention and device can be automatically, the quantity of the table in identification database effectively, and move accordingly respectively;
(4) the cross-platform moving method of data of the present invention and device can, at net environment, without the intermediate storage process, be realized the level and smooth lossless migration of data between the heterogeneous platform disparate databases.

Claims (7)

1. the cross-platform moving method of data, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step 1: be a SrcDatabase object by the information creating of source data platform;
Step 2: be a DesDatabase object by the information creating of target data platform;
Step 3: call the execute method, complete whole transition process;
The SrcDatabase object of setting up and DesDatabase object all comprise following information: IP address, database side slogan, user name, password and the database-name of type of database, database place main frame;
Described execute method, comprise the steps:
Step 3.1: obtain a tables of data by the SrcDatabase object from the source database end, extract Table object corresponding to data construct from tables of data; The information that the Table object comprises has: all index informations in the foreign key information comprised in the major key information comprised in the structural information of the schema name of table, table name, all fields of table, table, table and table;
Step 3.2: according to the mapping relations of field between source database and target database, the Table object is converted to the table of target database;
Step 3.3: the information after conversion is passed to SQL statement and build engine SQLEngine, the DesDatabase object according to having encapsulated the target data library information, build corresponding SQL statement;
Step 3.4: SQL statement is packaged into to packet, passes to the platform that target database is positioned at;
Step 3.5: carry out SQL statement on target platform, the data of source database are inserted in target database, complete Data Migration.
2. the cross-platform moving method of data according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the Table object described in step 3.1, and the structural information of wherein showing all fields comprises following information:
Title Access rights Data type Describe colName private String The title of field dataType private int The value of Types in JDBC corresponding to the data type of field typeName private String The title of data type in the field data storehouse colSize private int Field size, corresponding precision during decimal, corresponding length during character decimalDigits private int Field means decimal digits while being decimal, otherwise is 0 nullable private boolean Whether field allows for sky colDef private String The default value of field autoincrement private boolean Whether automatic increase of field
Private means private variable, and String is character types, and int is integer, and boolean is Boolean type; JDBC means that the Java database connects;
The major key information comprised in table is the private variable, is primary key PrimaryKey; The major key attribute comprises following information:
Figure FDA00003624896200021
ArrayList<String > mean the other list structure that a parameter is character types;
The foreign key information comprised in table is the private variable, and the attribute of external key comprises following information:
Title Access rights Data type Describe pkTableSchema private String The schema name of the major key place table of foreign key reference pkTableName private String The table name of the major key place table of foreign key reference claims pkColNames private ArrayList<String> The major key of foreign key reference forms the title of row pkName private String The major key title of foreign key reference fkTableSchema private String The schema name of external key place table fkTableName private String The table name of external key place table fkColNames private String External key forms the title of row fkName private String The title of external key updataRule private short Operation when major key upgrades deleteRule private short Operation when major key is deleted
Short means the data type of short;
In table, all index informations are the private variable, with array ArrayList<Index > carry out recording indexes information, index attributes comprises following information:
Figure FDA00003624896200022
ASC is that ascending order is arranged, and DESC is descending sort.
3. the cross-platform moving method of data according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the mapping relations of field between source database described in step 3.2 and target database, adopt the XML file to describe, the XML file is stored in data structure Hashmap, and HashMap has two property value: KEY and VALUE; The character string of KEY storage, for two databases of identification field mapping; What VALUE stored is the preservation position of XML file.
4. according to the cross-platform moving method of the described data of claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that the packet that SQL statement is packaged into described in step 3.4 is comprised of data packet head and data volume; Data packet head comprises the bag beginning flag of 4 bytes, the protocol version of 4 bytes, the bag size of 2 bytes, and the cyclic redundancy identifying code of 4 bytes; Data volume is for being transferred to the SQL statement of target database place platform.
5. the cross-platform moving apparatus of data, is characterized in that, comprises as lower module: SDI module, target data information module, modular converter, SQLEngine, packet encapsulation, transmission and parsing module, and SQL statement execution module;
It is a SrcDatabase object by the information creating of source data platform that described SDI module is used for; It is a DesDatabase object by the information creating of target data platform that described target data information module is used for; Described SrcDatabase object and DesDatabase object all comprise following information: IP address, database side slogan, user name, password and the database-name of type of database, database place main frame;
Described modular converter is for obtaining a tables of data according to the SrcDatabase object from source database, extract Table object corresponding to data construct from tables of data, again according to the DesDatabase object, utilize the mapping relations of field between source database and target database, the Table object is converted to the table that meets the target data library format;
Described SQLEngine, for according to the DesDatabase object, builds corresponding SQL statement;
Described packet encapsulation, transmission and parsing module are for being packaged into packet by the SQL statement of structure, and transfer to the platform at target database place, and on the platform at target database place, packet is resolved, the SQL statement that parsing is obtained is given the SQL statement execution module;
Described SQL statement execution module, for carrying out SQL statement, inserts the data of source database in target database.
6. the cross-platform moving apparatus of data according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the mapping relations of field between the source database that described modular converter utilizes and target database, adopt the XML file to describe, the XML file is stored in data structure Hashmap, and HashMap has two property value: KEY and VALUE; The character string of KEY storage, for two databases of identification field mapping; What VALUE stored is the preservation position of XML file.
7. according to the cross-platform moving apparatus of the described data of claim 5 or 6, it is characterized in that the packet that described packet encapsulation, transmission and parsing module are packaged into SQL statement is comprised of data packet head and data volume; Data packet head comprises the bag beginning flag of 4 bytes, the protocol version of 4 bytes, the bag size of 2 bytes, and the cyclic redundancy identifying code of 4 bytes; Data volume is for being transferred to the SQL statement of target database place platform.
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