CN103436044A - Degradable plastic and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a degradable plastic. The degradable plastic comprises the following components by weight percent: 60-85% of resin and15-35% of degradable master batch. The degradable plastic can be degraded and lower the environmental pollution on one hand, on the other hand, has favorable physical properties and strong practicability, is relatively low in cost and has a broad market prospect.

Description

A kind of degradable plastics and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to Material Field, refer to especially a kind of degradable plastics, the invention still further relates to a kind of preparation method of degradable plastics.

Background technology

Common plastics belongs to the petrochemical complex by-product because of it, take 200～300 years after using and just can be decomposed, and the plastics use range is wide, and amount is large, has now caused serious white pollution, soil compaction.Plastics pollution has become a plurality of countries such as worldwide topic class, the U.S., Japan, Australia, Germany all to launch respectively policy to forbid or limit and use the plastics that can not degrade.Look for do not pollute that to replace again common plastics to use the product of function be current world subject simultaneously a kind of can the decomposition in a short time.Some products that can be recycled son as blue as bamboo, non-woven fabrics etc. all can only substitute in certain fields common plastics, the plastics of some degradables are also arranged in the market, the product of making of the whole plant material, although the product of this class can meet the requirement of degraded afterwards, but the price of this product is higher than 4 times of left and right of common plastics price, and physicals can not reach standard fully, so its range of application is relatively very narrow, only in aviation, medicine and other fields, uses.

Summary of the invention

The present invention proposes a kind of degradable plastics, has solved plastics in prior art and has been difficult to decompose, and causes the problem of environmental pollution, also has physicals preferably simultaneously, and cost is relatively cheap, the invention also discloses a kind of preparation method of degradable plastics.

Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of degradable plastics, each component that comprises following weight percent: resin 60-85%, degradable master batch 15-35%, wherein, described degradable master batch can be the optically and biologically degrading plastic master batch, can be also the biodegradable plastic master batch.

Further, described degradable master batch comprises each component of following weight percent: starch 50-70%, and polyethylene powder 15-35%, chemical assistant 5-25%, be starch master batch.

Further, described chemical assistant be selected from paraffin, MALEIC ANHYDRIDE, stearic acid, polyethylene wax, photosensitizers, dicumyl peroxide, polyethylene, sodium-chlor appoint several, according to the performance requirement to product, described chemical assistant is matched, also can, according to different needs, add other auxiliary agents.

Further, also comprise the look mother that weight percent is 2-5%, described look female is for to product, increasing color and luster.

A kind of preparation method of degradable plastics, comprise master batch production, master batch and resin, mix of look female make described degradable plastics.

Further, comprise the following steps:

(1) by described starch, described chemical assistant in proportion by stirrer mediate, modification;

(2) starch after modification, described resin are mixed in proportion to rear, plasticizing mixing by twin screw extruder, obtain master batch;

(3) master batch and resin and look mother are mixed after by the inflation film manufacturing machine blowfilm shaping.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is: described degradable plastics disclosed by the invention can be degraded on the one hand, reduces environmental pollution, has on the other hand good material performance, practical, and cost is relatively cheap, only, than high 10% left and right of common plastic cost, market outlook are wide.

Embodiment

For understanding better the present invention; below by following examples, the present invention is done to further concrete elaboration; but unintelligible is limitation of the invention; the nonessential improvement of some that do according to the foregoing invention content for those skilled in the art and adjustment, also be considered as dropping in protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1

According to ratio provided by the invention and aspect, proceed as follows:

Prepare each component: resin 68%, degradable master batch 30%, look mother 2%, be total to 250Kg, wherein, the ratio of component proportioning of master batch is: W-Gum 50%, paraffin 6%, MALEIC ANHYDRIDE 2%, stearic acid 0.2%, polyethylene wax 10.5%, dicumyl peroxide 0.1%, high-pressure polyethylene (high index) 10%, high-pressure polyethylene (low index) 21.2%.

(1) by starch, chemical assistant by mediating by stirrer, modification;

(2) starch after modification, polyethylene powder and auxiliary agent are mixed in proportion to rear, plasticizing mixing by twin screw extruder, obtain master batch;

(3) master batch and look mother and resin are mixed after by the inflation film manufacturing machine blowfilm shaping, obtain product 1.

Wherein, the concrete operation steps of the modified technique of starch is as follows:

1) get the raw materials ready: get necessary requirement ready raw material, by MALEIC ANHYDRIDE, dicumyl peroxide balance weighing apparatus standard wherein, raw material is put on to internal number;

2) will fill a prescription in half of paraffin on electric baking stove, melt, temperature should be less than 100 ℃, then dicumyl peroxide is joined in the paraffin of fusing standby;

3) will fill a prescription in paraffin half, the polyethylene of polyethylene wax, stearic acid and high fusion index throws in mixed stirring in machine, stirs 5-8min, temperature is controlled as 150-160 ℃;

4) throw in subsequently MALEIC ANHYDRIDE, stir 2-5min, 150 ℃ of temperature;

5) drop into subsequently the surplus stock except the polyethylene of W-Gum and low melt index, note minute three inputs, drop into 1/3rd at every turn, the timed interval is 3min for the first time, for the second time 5min, 4min for the third time;

6) throw in subsequently the polyethylene into low melt index, stir 5min, temperature 150-160 ℃;

7) add W-Gum, stir 3-10min, after starch drops into, having a large amount of water vapour emerges from the mixed machine funnel that feeds intake that stirs, with between extend, water vapour can be fewer and feweri, notes observing, only have to water vapour and do not had, start to form large bulk or large bulk with the material stirred in opportunity, when on electrical control cubicles, the host electric current strengthens rapidly because load increases, can open the bin gate blowing, the masterbatch of emitting should be agglomerating, high resilience;

8) masterbatch is placed on operator's console, limit is cooling, and limit is cut into small pieces;

9) will cut cooling masterbatch and smash with pulverizer, the containers for future use of packing into;

Finally go out finished product 1 by the starch masterbatch after modification and other mixed raw materials are standby.

Embodiment 2

According to ratio provided by the invention and aspect, proceed as follows:

Prepare each component: resin 62%, degradable master batch 35%, look mother 3%, be total to 250Kg, wherein, the ratio of component proportioning of master batch is: W-Gum 60.25%, paraffin 6%, MALEIC ANHYDRIDE 2%, stearic acid 0.15%, polyethylene wax 7.5%, dicumyl peroxide 0.1%, high-pressure polyethylene (high index) 7.5%, high-pressure polyethylene (low index) 16.5%.

Then adopt and be similar to the same working method of embodiment 1, obtain finished product 2, embodiment 2 is all consistent with the operation thinking with the integrated operation flow process of embodiment 1.

Embodiment 3

According to ratio provided by the invention and aspect, proceed as follows:

Prepare each component: resin 70%, degradable master batch 28%, look mother 2%, be total to 250Kg, wherein, the ratio of component proportioning of master batch is: W-Gum 70%, paraffin 4%, MALEIC ANHYDRIDE 2.1%, stearic acid 0.1%, polyethylene wax 6%, dicumyl peroxide 0.1%, high-pressure polyethylene (high index) 5.5%, high-pressure polyethylene (low index) 12%, sodium-chlor 0.2%.

Then adopt and be similar to the same working method of embodiment 1, obtain finished product 3, embodiment 3 is all consistent with the operation thinking with the integrated operation flow process of embodiment 1.

Three finished products that obtain according to above 3 embodiment, the contriver carries out the test of degradation property and physicals to finished product 1, finished product 2 and the finished product 3 obtained, and testing method and test result are as follows:

One, degradation property: measuring plastics aerobic biological degradation rate under the controlled composting condition by the ASTMD5338-92 method is that 30 days accumulative total of the every gram sample of 21.3%-23.4%(produces the CO2620 milligram, and in sample, carbon content is 74%)

Two, physicals: check according to GB/T4456-1996

From above experimental test data, can find out, degradable plastics of the present invention can be degraded on the one hand, reduces and pollutes, and on the other hand, physicals is all up to standard good, and use range is wide, and generalization is strong.

The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a degradable plastics, is characterized in that, comprises each component of following weight percent:

Resin 60-85%, degradable master batch 15-35%.

2. degradable plastics described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described degradable master batch comprises each component of following weight percent: starch 50-70%, polyethylene powder 15-35%, chemical assistant 5-25%.

3. degradable plastics described in claim 2 is characterized in that: described chemical assistant be selected from paraffin, MALEIC ANHYDRIDE, stearic acid, polyethylene wax, photosensitizers, dicumyl peroxide, polyethylene, sodium-chlor, appoint several.

4. degradable plastics described in claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise the look mother that weight percent is 2-5%.

5. the preparation method of a degradable plastics, is characterized in that: comprise master batch production; Master batch mixes and makes described degradable plastics with resin, look mother.

6. the preparation method of degradable plastics described in claim 5, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:

(1) by described starch, described chemical assistant in proportion by stirrer mediate, modification;

(2) starch after modification, described resin are mixed in proportion to rear, plasticizing mixing by twin screw extruder, obtain master batch;

(3) master batch and common plastics and look mother are mixed after by the inflation film manufacturing machine blowfilm shaping.