CN103432977B - Cascaded container and method for pre-polarizing magnetic resonance contrast agent - Google Patents
Cascaded container and method for pre-polarizing magnetic resonance contrast agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN103432977B CN103432977B CN201310384333.4A CN201310384333A CN103432977B CN 103432977 B CN103432977 B CN 103432977B CN 201310384333 A CN201310384333 A CN 201310384333A CN 103432977 B CN103432977 B CN 103432977B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cascaded container for pre-polarizing a magnetic resonance contrast agent. The cascaded container comprises a heat preserving box, a first container and a second container, wherein the first container and the second container are arranged in the heat preserving box; porous pipelines are respectively arranged outside the first container and the second container; a channel and an alkali metal filling pipeline are respectively arranged on the first container and the second container; platinum resistors are respectively arranged in the first container and the second container; a first light window and a second light window are arranged on the heat preserving box; three groups of Helmholtz coils are arranged outside the heat preserving box. The invention also discloses a method for pre-polarizing the magnetic resonance contrast agent through the cascaded container. Laser pre-polarization is realized by performing multiple kinds of pretreatment on the magnetic resonance contrast agent through the cascaded container. The cascaded container is compact and simple in structure, easy to replace and convenient to use; meanwhile, the power and the contour of a laser can be fully utilized, so that the laser pumping efficiency of pre-polarization of the magnetic resonance contrast agent is effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to atom and nuclei polarized field, more specifically relate to based on flowing working gas and the premixed of alkali metal atom steam, increase laser and alkali metal atom interacts and the pre-polarizing method of spin exohange collision transport zone, a kind of cascade container for pre-polarizing is provided, is specifically applicable to laser pre-polarizing magnetic resonance contrast agent.
Background technology
Use optical pumping spin-exchange technology pre-polarizing magnetic resonance contrast agent (such as
3he,
129xe) be a kind of very effective method, can improve detectivity ~ 100 of contrast preparation, 000 times, they may become the new tool of a kind of lung and the visual or clinical early stage medical diagnosis on disease of brain function.
In laser pre-polarizing, the foundation of lung and brain magnetic resonance contrast agent nuclear spin polarization degree depends on working environment and the condition of optical pumping spin-exchange.When using the type of flow, following problems can be run into:
1) working gas (such as: Xe+He+N2 mist) being in room temperature flows into optical pumping container, reduces the temperature of optical pumping container, thus causes alkali-metal temperature to decline, affect alkali metal atom working vapor density;
2) after the working gas travels being in high pressure (such as: 5atm) enters optical pumping container, can eddy current be produced, make the distribution of working gas in optical pumping container not be so even;
3) working gas flowed is not so easily rapidly and the Homogeneous phase mixing of alkali metal atom steam after entering optical pumping container;
4) working gas flowed, by after pre-polarizing, when flowing out optical pumping container, can take away the alkali metal atom of partial vapor state, makes alkali metal atom work intensity always be in a level lower than presetting saturated vapour pressure value.
5) if working gas is not anticipated, can with the impurity such as water, oxygen of trace, a potential danger polluted is had for alkali metal in optical pumping container, such as there is oxidative phenomena, usual oxide can be blocked the entrance of optical pumping container or outlet, cause reducing the efficiency of laser pre-polarizing magnetic resonance contrast agent or reducing the working life of optical pumping container, makes the container needing to be filled with new alkali metal continually or more to renew.
Therefore, how to eliminate above-mentioned problem? obtain more stable working environment and condition, for magnetic resonance imaging application, particularly human lung and brain imaging, there is a urgent demand, need to change the status quo.
Certain methods and technology obtain enforcement, such as:
A front end airflow pipe design that () steeps in optical pumping one loads little glass envelope [D.Driehuys, G.D.Cates, the E.Miron of alkali metal Rb, K.Sauer, K.Walter, and W.Happer, High-volume production of laser-polarized
129xe, Appl.Phys.Lett., 69,1668(1996)], alkali metal Rb atomic vapour has been carried out presaturation, and this design makes optical pumping steep features such as having the cycle of operation long, cheap, easy care, but, the working gas injected can not be heated rapidly, can affect the density of alkali metal Rb atom; And it is not still very abundant that working gas mixes with alkali metal Rb atomic vapour;
(b) a kind of follow-on design [Hsuan-Tsung James Wang, Ph.D.dissertation, University of Virginia, 2007.], it adds a small-bore capillary in the little glass envelope loading alkali metal Rb, Qi Kou direction is towards bubble wall, this design adds the working gas eddy current in bubble, compared with the method for the people such as Driehuys, working gas can be mixed with alkali metal Rb atomic vapour before entering optical pumping bubble, but, because the volume of little glass envelope is very little, working gas heating problems is not solved effectively.Further, because trace impurity in working gas makes the alkali metal Rb in little glass envelope oxidizable, cause optical pumping to steep air inlet and block, thus affect the optical pumping bubble life-span;
C () is based on the design of the people such as Driehuys, our placing glass fibrous face in the little glass envelope loading alkali metal Rb is cotton, alkali metal Rb atomic vapour presaturation and the partly efficiency that mixes with alkali metal Rb atomic vapour of improvement gas can be played, but, identical with the method for Wang, problems such as effectively can not solving that working gas preheats, alkali metal Rb in little glass envelope is oxidizable, cause occurring that optical pumping bubble air inlet is blocked;
People ［ G.Schrank, Z.Ma, A.Schoeck, and B.Saam., the Characterization of a low-pressure high-capacity such as (d) Schrank
129xe flow-through polarizer, Phys.Rev.A., 80, a kind of design is newly given in flowing working gas pre-polarizing device 063424(2009) ］, its feature: gas inlet tube is in magnetic field, its tail end is filled with alkali metal Rb and is positioned at heating furnace hot-air inlets place---and for the presaturation of alkali metal Rb atomic vapour, working gas and the alkali metal Rb steam of arrival have carried out premixed.But, the time that working gas mixes with alkali metal Rb steam is too short, does not reach uniform degree and just enters optical pumping bubble, and, similar with (a) and (b), (c) scheme, also exist alkali metal Rb oxidizable, cause blocking optical pumping bubble air inlet problem;
(e) a kind of screw type pre-polarizing device [I.C.Ruset, S.Ketel, and F.W.Hersman, Optical pumping system design for large production of hyperpolarized
129xe [J] .Phys.Rev.Lett., 96,053002(2006) .], it is formed by the glass tube coiling that 6000mm is long, diameter is 25mm, and device length is approximately 1000mm, and filling alkali metal Rb is for the first time 2.5g.Utilize the helix tube of length 6000mm to make the flowing high-pressure working gas of arrival furnace temp and be in the alkali metal Rb atomic vapour premixed of saturation state.This design goes for larger working gas flow velocity, thus can obtain large hyperpolarized gas output, can also eliminate the Runaways phenomenon of alkali metal Rb.But for specifically implementing, applying, the periodicmaintenance of the spiral pre-polarizing device feature of the long size of nearly 1000mm---cleaning helix tube inwall, loading alkali metal Rb etc. are extremely troublesome things.
Obviously, these Method and Technology still come with some shortcomings part.In order to solve the problem, make magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing device have higher operating efficiency and performance further, be necessary to develop pointedly a kind ofly include presaturation, preheat, premixed, pre-polarizing function brand-new optical pumping container.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, a kind of cascade container for magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing is provided.For the various problems existed in flowing working method magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing scheme, propose a kind of cascade vessel process for magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing, that is: multiple container is connected in series.As an example, two containers are connected in series by typically cascade twin containers exactly, and it is specifically implemented is exactly the first container utilizing cascade container, independent heating, temperature control, and make the atomic vapour presaturation required for alkali metal generation optical pumping spin-exchange process; After working gas travels enters first container, due to heating and temperaturel control effect, also heated working gas by the arrival end of container gradually to the port of export, and mix with alkali metal atom steam, reach even premixed; When magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing is operated in cascade optical pumping spin-exchange mode, then uses laser to irradiate first container, thus obtain the one-level pre-polarizing of magnetic resonance contrast agent; Then, carry out laser in second container that they flow to cascade and irradiate again, thus make unpolarized magnetic resonance contrast agent (such as
3he or
129xe gas) the highly non-equilibrium polarization of nuclear spin acquisition, obtain secondary pre-polarizing.The present invention is pointed, practical, convenient and simple feature.
To achieve these goals, present invention employs following technical measures:
A kind of cascade container for magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing, comprise incubation chamber, also comprise and be arranged on the first container in incubation chamber and second container, connecting pipe two ends are communicated with second container with the first container respectively, first container outer wrapping is provided with the first void channels with incubation chamber ft connection, second container outer wrapping is provided with the second void channels with incubation chamber ft connection, first container is also provided with and is all filled with pipeline with the inlet duct of incubation chamber ft connection and the first alkali metal, second container is also provided with all with the outlet conduit of incubation chamber ft connection, access road is provided with the first vacuum valve, outlet conduit is provided with the 3rd vacuum valve, first alkali metal is filled with on pipeline and is provided with the second vacuum valve, second alkali metal is filled with on pipeline and is provided with the 4th vacuum valve, the first RTD is provided with in first container, the second RTD is provided with in second container, incubation chamber is also provided with the first optical window inciding the first container for laser beam, incubation chamber is also provided with the second optical window inciding second container for laser beam, incubation chamber outer setting has three groups of helmholtz coils.
Dividing plate is provided with between first container as above and second container.
First container as above and second container are cylindrical, access road is communicated with the first one end, the first container other end is communicated with second container one end by connecting pipe, first optical window is arranged on part incubation chamber corresponding to the first container other end, the second container other end is communicated with outlet conduit, and the second optical window is arranged on part incubation chamber corresponding to the second container other end.
For a cascade container for magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing, also comprise through dividing plate and the joint pin that is connected with the first container and second container respectively of two ends.
The present invention uses multiple container to be connected in series.Typically when using cascade twin containers, be that one end of first container connects entrance vacuum valve, and one end is connected with second container by a pipeline in addition by two container serial connections; Second one end is communicated with outside first container, and one end connects an outlet vacuum valve in addition.Two container upper end respectively have one with the pipeline of vacuum valve, are filled into by alkali metal in two containers in advance by them, then make the long closedown of the vacuum valve on pipeline.Cascade container is placed in heating, temperature controlling stove, and, two containers of cascade can be operated in different or identical humidity province, depend on the working condition of the heating temperature-control system of their correspondences between two containers by one piece of dividing plate separately.The present invention is simple, practical, easy periodicmaintenance or renewal.When cascade container of the present invention uses, inlet duct is connected in the control gas path pipe of magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing, the working gas of high-pressure flow is entered in the first container of cascade container by entrance vacuum valve, be gradually heated by the sonochemical activity and with pre-saturated alkali metal atom steam Homogeneous phase mixing.If magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing is operated in cascade optical pumping spin-exchange pattern, then magnetic resonance contrast agent is by laser one-level pre-polarizing, then flows out from the first container port of export, enters second container by connecting pipe.Then, laser carries out bigeminy pre-polarizing for unpolarized magnetic resonance contrast agent, that is: make more magnetic resonance contrast agent obtain highly non-equilibrium nuclear spin polarization degree.Finally, the magnetic resonance contrast agent of two-stage pre-polarizing is flowed out by outlet valve, is entered in the solid-state accumulation/memory of pre-polarizing device.Cascade container of the present invention is only stated for cascade twin containers, it can be cascade three container, four containers, five containers or more containers, its principle is similar to cascade twin containers, in cascade many containers syndeton, first container is identical with cascade twin containers with last container, middle container connects forward and backward container with pipe method, and two of import and export pipeline connectors lay respectively at leading flank and the trailing flank of container, and horizontal level is corresponding.
Use a kind of cascade container for magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing of the present invention of many containers series-mounting, a () is when using prior art implementation method, the prime container except that container last can be utilized, complete the even premixed of the preheating of flowing working gas, the presaturation of alkali metal atom steam, working gas and alkali metal atom steam.Then, flow in last optical pumping container and carry out laser irradiation, and complete the pre-polarizing of magnetic resonance contrast agent nuclear spin; B () is when implementation method is cascade optical pumping, it demonstrates its feature had more highlightedly---and each container of cascade container works in the irradiation being subject to a laser instrument, and the interaction time being equal to laser and alkali metal atom adds, the height alkali metal atom of electronic polarization and magnetic resonance contrast agent nuclear spin exchange area increase.This is a kind of and diverse brand-new device and technology in existing scheme, greatly can improve the laser pre-polarizing efficiency of magnetic resonance contrast agent, and, the output of laser-polarization can be obtained by increasing flow.This especially for lung and the brain imaging of human body, is very important in the application of NMR/MRI research.
The present invention proposes the laser pre-polarizing that a kind of cascade container removes to realize magnetic resonance contrast agent.No matter when being embodied as separate unit laser instrument, single beam pumping or being similar to the scheme that prior art implements separate unit laser instrument, multiple beam pumping or use cascade laser pumping, because each container in cascade container of the present invention is operated in the practical laser pre-polarizing working environment of magnetic resonance contrast agent, the presaturation of alkali metal atom steam can be solved by prime container, the working gas of flowing preheats, the problem of working gas and the even premixed of alkali metal atom steam.During cascade laser pumping spin-exchange, every single container in cascade container can both meet the condition of laser pumping spin-exchange, the laser pre-polarizing device of magnetic resonance contrast agent is made to reduce volume, such as, if use cascade twin containers, can be only 1/2 of the screw type pre-polarizing device length of the people such as Ruset; If use cascade four container, be then its 1/4 length; Further, the corresponding longitudinal size reducing field coil.Cascade structure of container of the present invention is compact, simple, easily mobile, easy to use, can utilize power and the profile of laser fully simultaneously, thus, effectively improve the laser pumping efficiency of magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing.
The invention provides a kind of cascade container using many containers series-mounting, utilize its characteristic, the presaturation of alkali metal atom steam can be made, the working gas of flowing preheats, working gas and the even premixed of alkali metal atom steam, and the multi-stage laser pre-polarizing of magnetic resonance contrast agent., pre-blend approach saturated with pre existing is compared with technology, the present invention proposes more perfect solution, establishes " four is pre-" condition pointedly.Especially, cascade container of the present invention can implement multi-stage laser pre-polarizing, effectively increase the interaction distance between laser and alkali metal atom, and the spin-exchange region increased between alkali metal atom and contrast preparation atomic nucleus, correspondingly, the performance and the production efficiency that greatly improve magnetic resonance contrast agent laser pre-polarizing device is caused.
For a cascade vessel process for magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing, comprise the following steps:
Step 1, two same sizes of use serial connection, the first container of identical appearance and second container, close the first vacuum valve and the 3rd vacuum valve, open the second vacuum valve and the 4th vacuum valve, be filled with alkali metal respectively, then the second vacuum valve and the 4th vacuum valve closed completely;
Step 2, by the first void channels and the second void channels, first adds hot-air and the second heated air flow enters in incubation chamber, heat the first container and second container respectively, preheat and make the second alkali metal in the first alkali metal in the first container and second container produce the saturated vapour pressure that can meet laser pumping spin-exchange condition;
Step 3, the first vacuum valve opening cascade container and the 3rd vacuum valve, working gas flows into first container, is being gradually heated by the sonochemical activity in process, mixes with the first alkali metal atom steam simultaneously;
If step 4 uses conventional single laser pumping spin-exchange working method, working gas is preheated in first container, and has carried out even premixed with the first alkali metal atom steam, is then fed directly in second container by connecting pipe;
If step 5 uses cascade laser pumping spin-exchange method, the working gas of premixed in the first laser beam irradiation first container and the first alkali metal atom steam, after making the preliminary pre-polarizing of the magnetic resonance contrast agent in them, then flow into second container;
Step 6, use the second laser beam irradiation second container, pumping or cascade pumped alkali metal atom, make magnetic resonance contrast agent nuclear spin obtain highly non-equilibrium polarization;
Step 7, the magnetic resonance contrast agent flowing out cascade container from outlet valve and outlet conduit obtain two level laser pre-polarizing.
The temperature preheating the first container and second container in step 2 as above is 400 ~ 450K.
In step 2 as above, saturated vapour pressure is alkali metal atom steam pressure when being 400 ~ 450K corresponding to temperature.
Working gas in step 3 as above is Xe, He and N of 3 ~ 5.5atm pressure
2mist.
In step 2 as above, the first alkali metal and the second alkali-metal mass ratio are 1.5:1.
In order to realize the presaturation of alkali metal atom steam, the working gas of flowing preheats, working gas and the even premixed of alkali metal atom steam, and the cascade laser pre-polarizing of magnetic resonance contrast agent, present invention employs the cascade container of many containers series-mounting.For typically cascade twin containers, it comprises inlet duct, four vacuum valves, incubation chamber, two void channels, two alkali metal are filled with pipeline, two containers, two RTDs, be divided into two alkali metal, joint pin, two optical windows, outlet conduit, connecting pipe, dividing plates.In the above-mentioned parts that apparatus of the present invention comprise, except incubation chamber, other assembly is all arranged in incubation chamber.Inlet duct connects the first vacuum valve, the first container, connecting pipe, second container, the 3rd vacuum valve, outlet conduit successively; Second vacuum valve connects the first alkali metal successively and is filled with pipeline, the first container; Second alkali metal is filled with pipeline one end and connects the 4th vacuum valve, in addition one end connection second container; The first alkali metal be filled with and the second alkali metal lay respectively in the first container and second container; The two ends of joint pin connect the first and second containers respectively; The hot-air that adds of temperature control flows into incubation chamber respectively by two void channels; Incubation chamber ensure that by void channels enter add hot-air can allow first, second container setting temperature work, the first and second RTDs are respectively used to the temperature measuring first, second container; In addition, when cascade optical pumping spin-exchange mode works, the first and second laser beams irradiate first, second container respectively; First laser beam is relative with the second beam direction, is parallel to each other; The direction of externally-applied magnetic field is consistent with the second beam direction; The flow direction in container of working gas is always relative with the laser beam irradiated.
Described cascade container is connected in series by multiple container, when the work of magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing is single laser instrument, single beam, except last container is as except optical pumping spin-exchange region in cascade container, the container of prime all preheats for the presaturation of alkali metal atom steam, working gas, working gas and the even premixed of alkali metal atom steam.
Described cascade container, when magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing is operated in cascade optical pumping mode, each container is for laser pumping spin-exchange, and magnetic resonance contrast agent is by multi-stage laser pre-polarizing.
For typically cascade twin containers, the concrete technical scheme of apparatus of the present invention is as follows:
(A) mainly comprise inlet duct, four vacuum valves, incubation chamber, two void channels, two alkali metal be filled with pipeline, two containers, two RTDs, be divided into two alkali metal, joint pin, two optical windows, outlet conduit, connecting pipe, dividing plates.
(B), in the above-mentioned parts that apparatus of the present invention comprise, except incubation chamber, other assembly is all arranged in incubation chamber.
(C) inlet duct connects vacuum valve, container, connecting pipe, another container, vacuum valve, an outlet conduit successively;
(D) vacuum valve connects alkali metal successively and is filled with pipeline, container, has been filled with alkali metal in container;
(E) hot-air that adds of temperature control flows into incubation chamber by void channels, ensures container respectively in the temperature work of setting;
(F) two RTDs are respectively used to the temperature of measurement two containers;
(G), during cascade optical pumping work, two laser beams irradiate two containers respectively; The direction of two laser beams is relative, is parallel to each other;
(H) direction of externally-applied magnetic field is consistent with the transmission direction of a rear laser beam;
(I) flow direction of working gas in container is always relative with the laser beam irradiating it;
(J) when flowing out prime container, alkali metal atom steam is preheated by presaturation, working gas, working gas and alkali metal atom steam be by even premixed; When being operated in cascade optical pumping working method, magnetic resonance contrast agent is by one-level pre-polarizing;
(K) enter a rear container, due to the irradiation of another one laser beam, the magnetic resonance contrast agent not obtaining polarization obtains pre-polarizing, is then flowed out by vacuum valve, outlet conduit.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages:
(1) multiple container is connected in series by the present invention, and make them all be operated in optical pumping spin-exchange environment, in same space size, add laser and alkali metal atom interacts and the length in spin exohange collision polarization transfer region, correspondingly, the pre-polarizing probability of magnetic resonance contrast agent is substantially increased;
(2) presaturation alkali metal atom vapour pressure, more accurately controls, regulates the atomicity density of work;
(3) preheated working gas, decreased lower temperature working gas and flow into impact for alkali metal atom saturated vapour pressure after container;
(4) premixed working gas and alkali metal atom steam, decreases the eddy current effect impact of working gas travels, makes mixing more even, during work, adds the probability of collision spin-exchange;
(5) cascade container work of the present invention is when cascade optical pumping mode, it has uniqueness---magnetic resonance contrast agent one-level pre-polarizing in prime container can be made, rear class container carries out two level laser pre-polarizing, make the laser pre-polarizing of magnetic resonance contrast agent more fully, efficiency is higher.
Compared with existing Method and Technology, the present invention has that structure is simple, periodic maintenance is convenient, the feature of multi-stage laser pre-polarizing.Even if cascade container of the present invention is used in conventional optical pumping mode, prime container can carry out " three is pre-" work well; When being operated in cascade optical pumping mode, cascade container of the present invention then can reach target, the final laser pre-polarizing magnetic resonance contrast agent to heavens that " four is pre-" works.
A kind of cascade container for magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing provided by the invention, can meet the needs of NMR/MRI research, especially, for lung and the brain MRI of human body, have very important application prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of Fig. 1, apparatus of the present invention.Comprise two optical pumping containers, chief component is: inlet duct 1; First vacuum valve 2; Incubation chamber 3; First void channels 4; First alkali metal is filled with pipeline 5; Second vacuum valve 6; First container 7; First RTD 8; First alkali metal 9; Joint pin 10; Second optical window 11; Second container 12; 3rd vacuum valve 13; Outlet conduit 14; Second RTD 15; Second void channels 16; Second alkali metal 17; Second alkali metal is filled with pipeline 18; 4th vacuum valve 19; First optical window 20; Connecting pipe 21; Dividing plate 22.
Fig. 2, cascade container work of the present invention are at the enforcement schematic diagram of routine list laser pumping spin-exchange.Except identical with corresponding parts with the sequence number identified in Fig. 1, three groups of helmholtz coils H1+H1, H2+H2, H3+H3; The working gas W1 of flowing; First adds hot-air T1; Second laser beam L2; Pre-polarizing gas W2; Second adds hot-air T2; Magnetic field B.
Fig. 3. this gradation connection container work is at the enforcement schematic diagram of cascade laser pumping spin-exchange.Except identical with corresponding parts with the sequence number identified in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, add the first laser beam L1.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1,2,3, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
First for typically cascade twin containers, the material of each parts of apparatus of the present invention, shape and structure are described:
A) apparatus of the present invention (Fig. 1)---a kind of cascade container is primarily of inlet duct 1; First vacuum valve 2; Incubation chamber 3; First void channels 4; First alkali metal is filled with pipeline 5; Second vacuum valve 6; First container 7; First RTD 8; First alkali metal 9; Joint pin 10; First optical window 11; Second container 12; 3rd vacuum valve 13; Outlet conduit 14; Second RTD 15; Second void channels 16; Second alkali metal 17; Second alkali metal is filled with pipeline 18; 4th vacuum valve 19; Second optical window 20; Connecting pipe 21; Dividing plate 22 forms.Being described in detail as follows of its each parts:
B) inlet duct 1, high-boron-silicon glass material (note: parts of the present invention described below all employ identical glass material).Guiding high-pressure working gas (such as, Xe+He+N2 mist) enters the present invention---a kind of cascade container for magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing;
First vacuum valve 2, its effect is On/Off inlet duct, controls working gas and whether flows into apparatus of the present invention;
D) incubation chamber 3, PEEK or black polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material make, and ensure that the hot-air flowed into does not scatter and disappear, and decrease light reflection; In addition as an installing rack, other parts of the present invention are all installed in incubation chamber 3;
E) the first void channels 4, copper pipe makes, and is uniformly distributed little venthole above; Its effect imports hot-air, homogeneous heating first container 7;
F) the first alkali metal is filled with pipeline 5, glass material, is mainly used in being filled with the first alkali metal 9 to the first container 7;
G) the second vacuum valve 6, is filled with the On/Off of pipeline 5 pipeline for the first alkali metal.Except opening when being filled with the first alkali metal 9 except giving the first container 7, being in length At All Other Times and closing state;
H) the first container 7, is one of main body of the present invention, and be generally cylindrical, cuboid, the glass container of spherical or rustless steel container, withstand voltage is 8atm.Main Function comprise slow down working gas eddy current, make the atomic vapour presaturation of the first alkali metal 9, working gas/alkali metal atom steam premixed, when implementing cascade optical pumping, preliminary one-level pre-polarizing magnetic resonance contrast agent;
First RTD 8 is PT100, for measuring the operating temperature of the first container 7 in real time;
J) the first alkali metal 9, in optical pumping spin-exchange process, the medium of photon momentum transfer polarization magnetic resonance contrast agent nuclear spin.During work, atomic vapour presaturation;
K) joint pin 10, solid glass material, for connecting, fixing the first container 7 and second container 12, with connecting pipe 21 acting in conjunction, forms a cascade integral container;
L) the second optical window 11, quartz glass makes, and the second laser beam L2 enters to inject the passage of apparatus of the present invention, and diameter is greater than the size of the first laser beam L2;
M) second container 12 is the same with the physical system that conventional optical pumping uses.When working here, the second alkali metal 17 atomic vapour keeps certain number density, and the second laser beam L2 irradiates, make magnetic resonance contrast agent nuclear spin reach NMR/MRI application required by pre-polarizing;
N) the 3rd vacuum valve 13, for On/Off outlet conduit 14, opens during work usually;
O) outlet conduit 14, when cascade container work of the present invention and the 3rd vacuum valve 13 is opened time, the laser pre-polarizing magnetic resonance contrast agent gas of generation flows out;
P) connecting pipe 21, its Main Function is connection first container 3 and second container 5, during apparatus of the present invention work, allows the working gas of premixed/atomic vapour flowing enter second container 5 from the first container 3;
Q) the second RTD 15, identical with the first RTD 8, be PT100, for measuring the second alkali metal 17 atomicity density of second container 12 li work in real time;
R) the second alkali metal is filled with pipeline 18, and to be filled with pipeline 5 material the same with function with the first alkali metal, is filled with the first alkali metal 17 for giving second container 12;
S) the 4th vacuum valve 19, identical with the effect of the second vacuum valve, and it is filled with the On/Off of pipeline 18 for the second alkali metal.Unlatching is always closed after being filled with the second alkali metal 17 to second container 12;
T) the first optical window 20, identical with the first optical window 11, be supplied to the first laser beam L1 incidence channel;
U) dividing plate 13, made by PEEK or black polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material, it has two effects, one is separate temperature province, make the first container 7 and second container 12 be operated in identical or different temperatures region respectively, two is make the first laser beam L1 of cascade optical pumping, the second laser beam L2 and their scattered light thereof not produce interference mutually;
V), shown in Fig. 2, three groups of helmholtz coils H1+H1, H2+H2, H3+H3, produce uniform externally-applied magnetic field B---and be provided in optical pumping alkali metal atom magnetic vector axle, magnetic field intensity is generally 10-4 ~ 10-2Tesla magnitude;
W) working gas W1, is made up of magnetic resonance contrast agent gas+pressure broadening gas+fluorescent quenching gas and vapor permeation, is provided in the contrast preparation that apparatus of the present invention go to produce laser pre-polarizing together with alkali metal;
X) first laser beam L1(Fig. 3), from laser instrument and by polarizer/beam expander optical treatment, it is circularly polarized; Second laser beam L2, it is from an other laser instrument and polarizer/beam expander.Due to incident with the first laser beam subtend, slightly difference in output wavelength; In addition, when implementing different atomic energy level laser excitation scheme, its polarization direction can not identical with the first laser beam L1;
Y) the magnetic resonance contrast agent W2 of pre-polarizing, by embodiment of the present invention 1(Fig. 2) and mode 2(Fig. 3) the laser pre-polarizing product that obtains.
In cascade container of the present invention, except incubation chamber 3, other assembly is all arranged in incubation chamber 3.Inlet duct connects the first vacuum valve 2, first container 7, connecting pipe 21, second container 12, the 3rd vacuum valve 13, outlet conduit 14 successively; Second vacuum valve 6 connects the first alkali metal successively and is filled with pipeline 5, first container 7; Second alkali metal is filled with pipeline 18 one end and connects the 4th vacuum valve 19, in addition one end connection second container 12; The first alkali metal 9 be filled with and the second alkali metal 17 lay respectively in the first container 7 and second container 12; The two ends of joint pin 10 connect the first container 7 and second container 12 respectively; First of temperature control adds hot-air T1 and second and adds hot-air T2 and flow into incubation chamber 3 respectively by the first void channels 4, second void channels 16; Incubation chamber 3 ensure that entered by two void channels add hot-air the first container 7 and second container 12 can be allowed in the temperature work of setting, the first RTD 8 and the second RTD 15 are respectively used to the temperature of measurement first container 7, second container 12.
In addition, when implementing cascade optical pumping spin-exchange mode and working (Fig. 3), the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2 irradiates the first container 7 and second container 12 respectively; First laser beam L1 is relative with the second laser beam L2 direction, is parallel to each other; The direction of externally-applied magnetic field B is consistent with the second laser beam L2 direction; The flow direction in cascade container of working gas W1 is always relative with the laser beam irradiated.
The workflow of apparatus of the present invention is: first inlet duct 1 is connected successively the first vacuum valve 2, first container 7, connecting pipe 21, second container 12, the 3rd vacuum valve 13, outlet conduit 14; Again the second vacuum valve 6 is connected successively the first alkali metal and be filled with pipeline 5, first container 7, and the second alkali metal is filled with pipeline 18 one end connection the 4th vacuum valve 19, in addition one end connection second container 12, the two ends of joint pin 10 connect the first container 7 and second container 12 respectively, and on two containers, stick the first RTD 8 and the second RTD 15 respectively; The first alkali metal 9 be filled with in the glove box of vacuum or nitrogen protection environment and the second alkali metal 17 lay respectively in the first container 7 and second container 12; Close first, second, third, fourth vacuum valve 2,6,13,19; Wherein, the second vacuum valve 6 and the 4th vacuum valve 19 keep long closed condition; Incubation chamber 3 uses as an assembling frame, except incubation chamber 3, and all mounted thereto of other assembly.First, after the first optical window 11, second optical window 20, dividing plate 22, first void channels 4, second void channels 16 being loaded successively, then installation has been filled with alkali-metal cascade container and assembly thereof, forms complete cascade container of the present invention.
Then, by the present invention---cascade container is linked in magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing, the conbined usage of incubation chamber 3, demarcation strip 22, first void channels 4, second void channels 16, first RTD 8, second RTD 15 provides the stable operating temperature of the first container 7, second container 12, makes the first alkali metal 9 and the second alkali metal 17 produce the saturation pressure force value of atomic vapour to setting.The hot-air T1 that adds of temperature control enters the first void channels 4, and flows into incubation chamber 3 by the aperture on it, makes the first alkali metal 9 of 7 li, the first container reach atomic vapour " presaturation ".After working gas W1 enters the first container 3 by inlet duct 1 and the first vacuum valve 2, " preheated " gradually, and mixed with the first alkali metal 9 atomic vapour, evenly arrived gradually " premixed ".The hot-air T2 that adds of temperature control flows into incubation chamber 3 by the aperture on the second void channels 16, makes the second alkali metal 17 of second container 12 li form saturated atomic vapour.As shown in Figure 2, when magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing is operated in traditional optical pumping spin-exchange mode, working gas W1 and the first alkali metal 9 atomic vapour directly flow through connecting pipe 21 and enter second container 12, and the flow direction of working gas W1 in container is always relative with the laser beam irradiated.Laser beam L2 angle of shift momentum is to the electronics of Rb atom, and angle of shift momentum is in magnetic resonance contrast agent nuclear spin more afterwards, and the pre-polarizing contrast preparation W2 of generation flows out the present invention by the 3rd vacuum valve 13, outlet conduit 14---cascade container.As shown in Figure 3, when magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing is operated in cascade optical pumping spin-exchange mode, the working gas of " premixed " in the first container 7 and alkali metal atom steam are first irradiated by the first laser beam L1, make the preliminary pre-polarizing of magnetic resonance contrast agent, then, arrive second container 12 li, irradiated by the second laser beam L2 again, the result of cascade laser light pumping is: make the magnetic resonance contrast agent not obtaining polarization in the first container 7 have an opportunity again to participate in spin exohange collision and polarized, therefore, the probability of magnetic resonance contrast agent nuclear spin polarization is higher, and can be larger by the generation improving the acquisition of working gas flow, finally, by the 3rd vacuum valve 13, outlet conduit 14 flows out, be labeled as W2, enter in the solid-state accumulation/memory of magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1,2,3, to a kind of cascade vessel process for magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing of the present invention using many containers tandem, elaborate for typically cascade twin containers, the steps include:
Step 1, two same sizes of use serial connection, the first container 7 of identical appearance and second container 12, close the first vacuum valve 2 and the 3rd vacuum valve 13, open the second vacuum valve 6 and the 4th vacuum valve 19, be filled with the alkali metal of 1.5:1 quantity respectively, the second vacuum valve 6 and the 4th vacuum valve 19 have been closed completely.Then, be installed in magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing device.
Step 2, by the first void channels 4 and the second void channels 16, first adds hot-air T1 and second adds hot-air T2 inflow incubation chamber 3 li, heat the first container 7 and second container 12 respectively, preheat and make the first alkali metal 9 in two containers and the second alkali metal 17 produce the saturated vapour pressure that can meet laser pumping spin-exchange condition.
Step 3, the first vacuum valve 2 opening cascade container and the 3rd vacuum valve 13, working gas W1 flows into first container 7, is being gradually heated by the sonochemical activity in process, mixes with the first alkali metal 9 atomic vapour simultaneously.
If step 4 uses conventional single laser pumping spin-exchange working method (Fig. 2), so relative to second container 12, working gas W1 is preheated in first container 7, and has carried out even premixed with the first alkali metal 9 atomic vapour.Then, by connecting pipe 21, they are fed directly in second container 12.
If step 5 uses cascade laser pumping spin-exchange method (Fig. 3), then the first laser beam L1 irradiates working gas W1 and first alkali metal 6 atomic vapour of first container 7 li of premixeds, after making the preliminary pre-polarizing of the magnetic resonance contrast agent in them, then flow into second container 12.
Step 6, use the second laser beam L2 to irradiate second container 12, pumping or cascade pumped alkali metal atom, make magnetic resonance contrast agent nuclear spin obtain highly non-equilibrium polarization.
Step 7, final, the magnetic resonance contrast agent W2 flowing out cascade container from outlet valve and outlet conduit obtains two level laser pre-polarizing, and the degree of its nuclear spin polarization is higher.
According to the invention described above method, and to use alkali metal Rb, a kind of cascade container for magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing provided by the present invention is described in further detail:
To use typically cascade twin containers, in implementation process, use alkali metal Rb in the laser pre-polarizing device of magnetic resonance contrast agent, working gas W1 is the Xe(2% of 3 ~ 5.5atm)+He(88%)+N
2(10%) mist, three groups of helmholtz coils H1+H1, H2+H2, H3+H3, produce uniform externally-applied magnetic field B---and be provided in optical pumping alkali metal Rb atom magnetic vector axle, magnetic field intensity is 0.0025Tesla magnitude.In cascade container of the present invention, except incubation chamber 3, other assembly is all arranged in incubation chamber 3.Inlet duct 1 connects the first vacuum valve 2, first container 7, connecting pipe 21, second container 12, the 3rd vacuum valve 13, outlet conduit 14 successively; Again the second vacuum valve 6 is connected successively the first alkali metal and be filled with pipeline 5, first container 7, and the second alkali metal is filled with pipeline 18 one end connection the 4th vacuum valve 19, in addition one end connection second container 12, the two ends of joint pin 10 connect the first container 7 and second container 12 respectively, the profile of two containers, measure-alike, be the long 200mm of diameter 50X, and the first RTD 8 and the second RTD 15 is housed respectively on two containers; In the glove box of nitrogen protection environment, the alkali metal Rb of 700mg and 300mg is filled in the first container 7 and second container 12 respectively; Close first, second, third, fourth vacuum valve 2,6,13,19; Wherein, the second vacuum valve 6 and the 4th vacuum valve 19 keep long closed condition; Incubation chamber 3 uses as an assembling frame, except incubation chamber 3, and all mounted thereto of other assembly.Successively the first optical window 11, second optical window 20 is loaded, dividing plate 22 is positioned at the centre position of the first container 7 and second container 12, they are separated, one of its effect is that guarantee two containers are in identical or different operating temperature province (typically being 400 ~ 450K) respectively, another one effect is when using cascade optical pumping working method, first laser beam L1, the second laser beam L2 irradiate the Rb atomic vapour in the first container 7, second container 12 respectively, separate laser beam and their scattered light thereof, make them mutually not produce interference; First void channels 4 and the second void channels 16 are arranged on incubation chamber 3 base plate, ensure that the first container 7 and second container 12 are operated in the temperature of setting, and the first RTD 8, second RTD 15 is respectively used to the temperature of measurement first container 7, second container 12.First laser beam L1 is relative with the second laser beam L2 direction, is parallel to each other; Externally-applied magnetic field B is consistent with the second laser beam L2 direction.
The hot-air T1 that adds of temperature control enters the first void channels 14, and flows into incubation chamber 3 li by the aperture on it, makes the alkali metal Rb of 7 li, the first container be operated in typically 430K, reaches atomic vapour " presaturation ".When pressure is the Xe(2% of 3 ~ 5.5atm)+He(88%)+N
2(10%), after mist W1 enters the first container 7 by inlet duct 1 and the first vacuum valve 2, heated gradually, be called " preheating ", and mixed with alkali metal Rb atomic vapour, gradually evenly, reached " premixed ".The hot-air T2 that adds of temperature control flows into incubation chamber 3 by the aperture on the second void channels 16, makes the alkali metal Rb of second container 12 li be operated in typically 425K.When magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing is operated in traditional optical pumping spin-exchange mode (Fig. 2), Xe(2%)+He(88%)+N
2(10%) mist and alkali metal Rb atomic vapour directly flow through connecting pipe 21 and enter second container 12, Xe(2%)+He(88%)+N
2(10%) flow direction of mist in container is always relative with the laser beam irradiated.Be operated in the 150W second laser beam L2 of Rb atom D1 line wavelength, angle of shift momentum is to the electronics of Rb atom, and the Rb atom transfer angular momentum of high degree of polarization arrives afterwards
129in Xe nuclear spin, the pre-polarizing of generation
129xe flows out the present invention by the 3rd vacuum valve 13, outlet conduit 14---cascade container.When magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing is operated in cascade optical pumping spin-exchange mode (Fig. 3), the Xe(2% of " premixed " in the first container 7)+He(88%)+N
2(10%) gas and Rb atomic vapour are first irradiated by 150W first laser beam L1, make
129the preliminary pre-polarizing of Xe, then, flow into second container 12 li, then irradiated by the second laser beam L2, the result of cascade laser light pumping is: make not obtain polarization in the first container 7
129xe has an opportunity again to participate in spin exohange collision and polarized, therefore magnetic resonance contrast agent
129xe higher, the equivalent output of probability that polarizes is larger, finally, is flowed out by the 3rd vacuum valve 13, outlet conduit 14, enters in the solid-state accumulation/memory of magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing device.
A kind of cascade container for magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing of the present invention, in the foregoing description, alkali metal for Rb and contrast preparation for Xe, in specific implementation process, the present invention relates to other alkali metal-K, Na, Cs and magnetic resonance contrast agent-
131xe,
83kr, only needs to change the laser instrument of use different wave length and different alkali metal atom density.Use the present invention that many containers are connected in series---more than cascade container describe for typically cascade twin containers, enforcement comprises cascade three container, four containers, five containers or more containers, how to choose and depends on NMR/MRI application, especially for the demand for magnetic resonance contrast agent nuclear spin polarization degree and magnetic resonance contrast agent output in human lung and brain imaging.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to the explanation for example of the present invention's spirit.Those skilled in the art can make various amendment or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute to described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the scope that appended claims defines.
Claims (9)
1. the cascade container for magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing, comprise incubation chamber (3), it is characterized in that, also comprise and be arranged on the first container (7) in incubation chamber (3) and second container (12), connecting pipe (21) two ends are communicated with second container (12) with the first container (7) respectively, first container (7) outer wrapping is provided with the first void channels (4) with incubation chamber (3) ft connection, second container (12) outer wrapping is provided with the second void channels (16) with incubation chamber (3) ft connection, first container (7) is also provided with and is all filled with pipeline (5) with the inlet duct (1) of incubation chamber (3) ft connection and the first alkali metal, second container (12) is also provided with all with the outlet conduit (14) of incubation chamber (3) ft connection, inlet duct (1) is provided with the first vacuum valve (2), outlet conduit (14) is provided with the 3rd vacuum valve (13), first alkali metal is filled with on pipeline (5) and is provided with the second vacuum valve (6), second alkali metal is filled with on pipeline (18) and is provided with the 4th vacuum valve (19), the first RTD (8) is provided with in first container (7), the second RTD (15) is provided with in second container (12), incubation chamber (3) is also provided with the first optical window (20) inciding the first container (7) for laser beam, incubation chamber (3) is also provided with the second optical window (11) inciding second container (12) for laser beam, incubation chamber (3) outer setting has three groups of helmholtz coils.
2. a kind of cascade container for magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is provided with dividing plate (22) between described the first container (7) and second container (12).
3. a kind of cascade container for magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described the first container (7) and second container (12) are cylindrical, inlet duct (1) is communicated with the first container (7) one end, first container (7) other end is communicated with second container (12) one end by connecting pipe (21), first optical window (20) is arranged on the upper part corresponding to the first container (7) other end of incubation chamber (3), second container (12) other end is communicated with outlet conduit (14), second optical window (11) is arranged on the upper part corresponding to second container (12) other end of incubation chamber (3).
4. a kind of cascade container for magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, also comprise through dividing plate (22) and the joint pin (10) that is connected with the first container (7) and second container (12) respectively of two ends.
5. utilize cascade container described in claim 4 to carry out, for a method for magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing, it is characterized in that, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, two same sizes of use serial connection, first container (7) of identical appearance and second container (12), close the first vacuum valve (2) and the 3rd vacuum valve (13), open the second vacuum valve (6) and the 4th vacuum valve (19), be filled with alkali metal respectively, the second vacuum valve (6) and the 4th vacuum valve (19) have been closed completely;
Step 2, by the first void channels (4) and the second void channels (16), first adds hot-air (T1) and second adds hot-air (T2) to flow into incubation chamber (3) inner, heat the first container (7) and second container (12) respectively, preheat and make the first alkali metal (9) in the first container (7) and the second alkali metal (17) in second container (12) produce the saturated vapour pressure that can meet laser pumping spin-exchange condition;
Step 3, the first vacuum valve (2) opening cascade container and the 3rd vacuum valve (13), working gas (W1) flows into the first container (7), be gradually heated by the sonochemical activity in process, mixing with the first alkali metal (9) atomic vapour simultaneously;
If step 4 uses conventional single laser pumping spin-exchange working method, working gas (W1) is inner preheated at the first container (7), and carry out even premixed with the first alkali metal (9) atomic vapour, be then fed directly in second container (12) by connecting pipe (21);
If step 5 uses cascade laser pumping spin-exchange method, first laser beam (L1) irradiates the working gas (W1) of the first container (7) inner premixed and the first alkali metal (9) atomic vapour, after making the preliminary pre-polarizing of the magnetic resonance contrast agent in them, then flow into second container (12);
Step 6, use the second laser beam (L2) to irradiate second container (12), pumping or cascade pumped alkali metal atom, make magnetic resonance contrast agent nuclear spin obtain highly non-equilibrium polarization;
Step 7, the magnetic resonance contrast agent (W2) flowing out cascade container from outlet valve and outlet conduit obtain two level laser pre-polarizing.
6. a kind of method for magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the temperature preheating the first container (7) and second container (12) in described step 2 is 400 ~ 450K.
7. a kind of method for magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing according to claim 5, is characterized in that: in described step 2, saturated vapour pressure is alkali metal atom steam pressure when being 400 ~ 450K corresponding to temperature.
8. a kind of method for magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the working gas (W1) in described step 3 is Xe, He and N of 3 ~ 5.5atm pressure
2mist.
9. a kind of method for magnetic resonance contrast agent pre-polarizing according to claim 5, is characterized in that: in described step 2, the mass ratio of the first alkali metal (9) and the second alkali metal (17) is 1.5:1.
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Effective date of registration: 20180514 Address after: 430000 318 Friendship Avenue, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei. Patentee after: Wuhan Zhongke polarization Medical Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 430071 Hongshan West District, Wuchang, Wuhan, Hubei Province, No. 30 Patentee before: Wuhan Inst. of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences |
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