CN103428967A - Lossless forward voltage matching network for LED driver - Google Patents

Lossless forward voltage matching network for LED driver Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103428967A
CN103428967A CN2013102948752A CN201310294875A CN103428967A CN 103428967 A CN103428967 A CN 103428967A CN 2013102948752 A CN2013102948752 A CN 2013102948752A CN 201310294875 A CN201310294875 A CN 201310294875A CN 103428967 A CN103428967 A CN 103428967A
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led
voltage
matching network
led array
forward voltage
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CN103428967B (en
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梁华兴
萧锦华
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Huizhou Light Engine Ltd
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Huizhou Light Engine Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/40—Details of LED load circuits
    • H05B45/44—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix
    • H05B45/48—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix having LEDs organised in strings and incorporating parallel shunting devices

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  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a lossless LED forward voltage matching network which is connected between an AC source and an LED array driver, wherein LED arrays are connected in series and are successively activated when an output voltage of the LED driver exceeds the forward voltage of each LED array. The matching network reduces the voltage from the AC source to a total forward voltage of the LED arrays connected in series, so that efficiency of equipment can be increased.

Description

Harmless forward voltage matching network for LED driver
Technical field
The present invention relates to drive the power supply of light-emitting diode (LED) array.Particularly, be starkly lower than the efficiency of series LED array of the voltage of AC power supplies in order to improve total forward voltage, harmless forward voltage matching network is provided between AC power supplies and LED driver array.Harmless forward voltage matching network has reduced AC power supplies and has been input to the total forward voltage of the voltage of LED driver with coupling series LED array, makes the efficiency of equipment higher.
Background technology
The power supply for the LED illumination of two kinds of main Types of existence-conventional line frequency power supply and Switching Power Supply on market.The structure of line frequency or linear power supply is relatively simple, but inefficiency.The efficiency of Switching Power Supply is higher, but design complexity and electromagnetic interference are high.
Fig. 1 shows the simple linear power supply of driving LED array.LED equipment 100 comprises the AC voltage source 102 with live wire and neutral terminal, and AC voltage source 102 produces sinusoidal AC source voltage.AC source voltage is applied on bridge rectifier 104, and this bridge rectifier 104 converts sinusoidal ac input voltage to the DC voltage with ripple.DC voltage is applied on LED array 106.Each LED array 106 has forward voltage, and when the voltage applied exceeds forward voltage, LED will start luminous.Linear current source 108 is regulated the electric current that flows through LED array 106.
Fig. 2 shows LED equipment 100 light output in time.Because AC voltage is rectified and is applied on LED array 106, when the voltage on being applied to LED array exceeds the forward voltage summation of the LED array be connected in series, light is opened and provided to LED array.From zero to peak level, and again fall back to zero due to the AC line voltage cycle ground of rectification, no matter when the line voltage levvl is reduced under the forward voltage of LED string, and the LED string is closed.In addition, at the zero cross point of AC voltage waveform, the LED electric current is discontinuous.As shown in Figure 2, LED array only provides illumination within about 60% time, and the turn-off time is approximately 40%.
For the simple designs of the linear model power supply that is kept for LED array, raise the efficiency simultaneously and reduce the light turn-off time, manufacturer has proposed following imagination: when the source undertension, when opening whole LED string, only for the part of LED string, power.Be the U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.61/373 that on August 12nd, 2010 submits to, 058, explained in more detail main contents and the operation of these equipment in the people's such as the people's such as Leung U.S. Patent Application Publication No.2012/0038615 and Leung U.S. Patent Application Publication No.2012/0038285, by reference these applications have been incorporated herein.These applications disclose various device and the method for controlling current source according to the quantity of the LED array activated.
The exemplary circuit of simplifying is shown in Figure 3, and Fig. 3 shows the diagram that produces the concept of variable forward voltage string in half line cycle.As shown in Figure 3, the LED string can be divided into n LED array D1-Dn, wherein, and n >=1.Each LED array can comprise one or more LED.It can be AC power supplies for AC voltage 302() by bridge rectifier or LED driver 304 rectifications, and be applied on LED array D1-Dn.LED array D1-Dn is powered by current source I1-In.Current source I1-In is controlled by comparator 306, and comparator 306 jumps in the output of LED driver 304.When AC voltage 302 is crossed the forward voltage of LED array D1, comparator 306 make current source I1 be activated and LED array d1 luminous.Along with voltage increase and exceed LED array each the accumulation forward voltage, each LED array and current source will one after the other be opened.
This illustrates from conceptive in Fig. 4.In Fig. 4, the voltage of the rectification in the output of bridge rectifier 304 is illustrated as voltage curve 402.Be positioned at LED array D1-Dn under voltage curve 402 and the diagram of linear current source I1-In and be illustrated in special time, the element in state of activation under particular voltage levels.Therefore, when voltage curve 402 equals the voltage levvl definite by comparator 306 and exceeds the forward voltage of LED array D1, LED array D1 is activated, as shown in 404.Along with voltage raises and exceeds the summation of the forward voltage of LED array D1 and D2, comparator 306 makes current source I2 be activated, and LED array D1 and D2 are activated, as shown in 406.Continue this process, until reach maximum voltage, as shown in the core in figure, wherein LED array D1-Dn and current source In are activated, as shown in 408.Along with the lower voltage applied, LED array one after the other is deactivated.Should be noted that, when n=1, LED is only single string, and driver is reduced to single linear current source as shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 5 shows the optical output waveform of LED driving method, and wherein, LED array is divided into 5 arrays, and (that is, n=5), the forward voltage ratio of array is 5:4:3:2:1.As from finding out waveform, utilize this configuration, the turn-off time is lowered to 10%.
Yet the forward voltage of whole LED string must approach the peak magnitude of voltage of input voltage source, to realize good efficiency.This needs forward voltage to be greater than 93% of peak input voltage, to realize 90% efficiency.For example, the power supply that is 311V for the crest voltage of 220V AC, in order to realize 90% efficiency, need the forward voltage LED string of 290V.If use the LED string that forward voltage is lower, efficiency will obviously descend.For example, only can realize 60% efficiency by the 150V forward voltage LED string of 220V AC power supplies power supply.This limitation of LED forward voltage has limited the selection of LED.
Therefore, based on these considerations and other considerations, the present invention has been proposed.
Summary of the invention
In view of the foregoing, require further improvement prior art.
First embodiment of the invention, AC power supplies provides the AC electric current for LED forward voltage matching network, and this LED forward voltage matching network has reduced voltage levvl before in being fed into LED driver.LED driver becomes the AC current conversion from 0 rectified signal to peak change.Rectified signal is applied on the series of LED array subsequently.Along with output voltage exceeds the forward voltage of each LED array, each LED array is opened, and provides electric current by associated current source for LED array.In one embodiment, LED forward voltage matching network is reduced to voltage levvl the voltage levvl that equals or be slightly larger than the forward voltage level of this series LED array.
As illustrative embodiments, LED forward voltage matching network can be taked the form of the combination of the inductance be connected in series, the electric capacity be connected in series or the electric capacity be connected in series and inductance.In another embodiment of the present invention, the phase shift that LED forward voltage matching network compensation is caused by the element of the voltage that reduces AC power supplies.
In the exemplary embodiment, the LED array luminaire comprises: be arranged in a plurality of LED array on tandem paths, each LED array has forward voltage; LED driver, it is connected on a plurality of LED array and is the plurality of LED array output rectified voltage; One or more current sources, be connected between LED array and provide electric current for each LED array separately while being configured to the forward voltage of the LED array separately in the output voltage of LED driver exceeds tandem paths; And be connected to the LED forward voltage matching network on LED driver, for reducing the voltage provided by voltage source, reduce thus difference between the summation of whole forward voltages of a plurality of LED array in LED driver output and tandem paths.
In another illustrative embodiments, LED forward voltage matching network has reduced the voltage that is offered LED driver by voltage source, thus the summation of the forward voltage of a plurality of LED array in tandem paths be at least LED driver peak input voltage 93%.
In another illustrative embodiments, LED forward voltage matching network comprises at least one electric capacity be connected in series with at least one inductance between the input and output of LED forward voltage matching network.
In another illustrative embodiments, LED forward voltage matching network comprises at least one extra electric capacity that the inductance extra with at least one is connected in series between the input of LED forward matching network, the phase shift of the electric current consumed with compensation.
In another illustrative embodiments, LED forward voltage matching network is included at least one electric capacity be connected in series between the input and output of LED forward matching network.
In another illustrative embodiments, LED forward voltage matching network comprises at least one inductance between the input that is connected to LED forward matching network, the phase shift of the electric current consumed with compensation.
In another illustrative embodiments, LED forward voltage matching network is included at least one inductance be connected in series between the input and output of LED forward matching network.
In another illustrative embodiments, LED forward voltage matching network is included at least one electric capacity connected between the input of LED forward matching network, the phase shift of the electric current consumed with compensation.
In another illustrative embodiments, a kind of for the LED array luminaire provides the method for electric energy, comprising: reduce the voltage that is input to the AC power supplies in LED driver; Voltage in the reduction of LED driver rectification AC power supplies; Rectified voltage is applied on a plurality of LED array that are arranged in tandem paths, and each LED array has forward voltage; During the forward voltage of the LED array separately in the output voltage of LED driver exceeds tandem paths, activate and be connected to the one or more current sources between each LED array; And the summation of wherein, to the voltage of the reduction of the AC power supplies of LED driver, being a bit larger tham the forward voltage of a plurality of LED array.
In another illustrative embodiments, LED forward voltage matching network has reduced the voltage that is offered LED driver by voltage source, thus the summation of whole forward voltage of a plurality of LED array in tandem paths be at least LED driver peak input voltage 93%.
In another illustrative embodiments, at least one electric capacity be connected in series with at least one inductance between one of one of LED forward voltage matching network input by LED forward matching network and output reduces voltage.
In another illustrative embodiments, LED forward voltage matching network is by least one the extra capacitance compensation phase shift be connected in series with at least one extra inductance between the input of LED forward matching network.
In another illustrative embodiments, a kind of LED array luminaire comprises: be arranged in a plurality of LED array on tandem paths, each LED array has forward voltage; LED driver, it is connected on a plurality of LED array and provides output voltage for the plurality of LED array; During for the forward voltage of the LED array separately that exceeds tandem paths at the output voltage of LED driver, activate the device of each LED array; And for reducing offered the device of the voltage of LED driver by voltage source.
In another illustrative embodiments, the LED array luminaire also comprises the device for compensating phase shift, wherein for reducing the device that is offered the voltage of LED driver by voltage source, has caused this phase shift.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is the purpose for showing only, and may not draw in proportion.Yet, can understand better by reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention itself with reference to hereafter, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 shows the simple linear power supply of driving LED array;
Fig. 2 shows the equipment light output in time in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 shows the diagram that produces the concept of variable forward voltage string in half line cycle;
The commutating voltage of Fig. 4 from the conceptive output that shows bridge rectifier, it is applied on LED array, and wherein, the LED array be activated during at special time, at specific voltage is shown under curve;
Fig. 5 shows the optical output waveform of the LED driving method in Fig. 4, and wherein, LED array is divided into 5 arrays;
Fig. 6 shows a kind of execution mode that matching network of the present invention is connected to LED driver;
Fig. 7 shows a kind of execution mode of the harmless LED forward voltage matching network of showing with general type;
Fig. 8 a-8d shows other execution modes of harmless LED forward voltage matching network; And
Fig. 9 shows input, output voltage and the current waveform of matching network.
Embodiment
Various execution modes hereinafter will be described with reference to the drawings, and accompanying drawing forms the part of specification and shows specific implementations in the mode of showing.Yet the present invention can implement in many different forms, and should not be interpreted as being limited in the embodiment that this paper lists.And, these execution modes are provided, so that disclosure text is thoroughly with complete, and will all sidedly scope of the present invention be conveyed to those skilled in the art.As described below, can be easily in conjunction with various execution modes of the present invention, and do not depart from the scope of the present invention and spirit.
Embodiments of the present invention have hereinafter been described briefly, so that the basic comprehension to some aspects of the present invention to be provided.Its purpose is neither determine crucial or important element, neither describe or otherwise dwindle scope of the present invention.Its purpose is only that the form of simplifying presents some concepts.
The general location of harmless LED forward voltage matching network is shown in Figure 6.Matching network 602 is connected between AC voltage source 604 and LED driver or bridge rectifier 606.Matching network 602 is using AC source voltage as inputting and being the AC voltage that LED driver 606 output amplitudes reduce.LED driver 606 provides rectified signal for the LED array 608 be connected in series, and wherein, along with the output voltage of LED driver 606 exceeds the forward voltage separately of LED array, LED array 608 one after the other is activated.The output voltage of comparator 610 based on LED driver 606 activates each current source 612, thinks that LED array provides drive current.Although this paper provides the general execution mode of the method that in succession activates LED array, any means provided in the people's such as this paper and Leung U.S. Patent Application Publication No.2012/0038615 may be used to activate LED array configuration the power supply for it that is connected to LED driver 606.
Fig. 7 shows a kind of execution mode of harmless LED forward voltage matching network.Capacitor C s and the inductance L s of series connection are provided in this embodiment, between the input and output of matching network.Ratio between output voltage (wherein output voltage depends on the summation of the forward voltage of LED array) based on input voltage and needs is selected the value of electric capacity and inductance, thereby reduce, is supplied to the output voltage on LED driver.The impedance of supposing LED driver is approximately (resistive) of resistance, and total series impedance (being meaned by Xs) of Cs and Ls is pure reactance.Input voltage Vi on frequency F is applied on network, to produce output voltage V o, thus the driving LED driver.LED driver causes that average current is Id, and this is also by the electric current of Cs and Ls.Current relationship between Vi and Vo can be written as following formula:
Vi 2=Id 2Xs 2+Vo 2 (1)
Wherein
Xs=1/(2πF Cs)-2πF Ls (2)
Suppose the 20mA(Id that total forward voltage is 150V) LED string by 220Vac(Vi)/50Hz(F) Power supply, expectation be to make input voltage be reduced to 120Vac(Vo by harmless LED forward voltage matching network), thereby realize good efficiency.In this case, Xs may be calculated 9220ohm.By the practical value of for Cs, specifying 0.33uF, Ls can be calculated as 1335mH.Be supplied to the output voltage on LED driver by reduction, for LED array 608 provides lower voltage, when suitable selection voltage, this has overcome the low efficiency problem when utilizing linear LED driver to drive low forward voltage LED.604 electric currents that flow out from the AC source that are added to of Cs and Ls have been introduced phase shift (leading or hysteresis).Therefore, in another embodiment, provide inductance L p and capacitor C p to compensate this phase shift.
Fig. 8 a-8d shows other execution modes of matching network.Matching network 602 can reduce to its minimum form, the capacitor C s that this minimum form is used the single inductance L s be connected in series or is connected in series.
The instantiation of the efficiency gain of the matching network shown in Fig. 8 d is illustrated by the figure of Fig. 9.Fig. 9 shows the configuration that adopts Fig. 6 from AC source 604() input voltage 902, the matching current network that adopts Fig. 8 d from output voltage 904 and the matching network 602(of matching network 602) current waveform 906.The value of Cs is 0.33uF.In this example, input voltage is 220Vac, and output voltage is 145Vac.In this instantiation, the LED forward voltage is 150V.Output voltage (than 220Vac, more approaching LED forward voltage (150V)) is linear LED driver power supply, thereby works under the greater efficiency running status.Can increase to 80% from 59% by the efficiency of the 150V forward voltage LED string of 220Vac source power supply, wherein, by matching network of the present invention by lower voltage to 145Vac.Consider the half line cycle in 220Vac source, peak voltage is 311V.When phase angle is between 29 ° (0.51rad) and 151 ° (2.64rad) (wherein, line voltage is higher than 150V), will flow through the LED electric current.Suppose the LED current constant and meaned by I, by the electric power of LED driver consumption being:
1 π ∫ 0.51 2.64 I · 311 sin θdθ = 173 I ,
And the electric power consumed by LED is:
1 π ∫ 0.51 2.64 150 Idθ = 102 I .
Efficiency during the 220Vac input is 102/173=59%.
For Er Yan， peak, 145Vac source voltage, be 205V.When phase angle is between 47 ° (0.82rad) and 133 ° (2.32rad) (wherein, line voltage is higher than 150V), will flow through the LED electric current.Electric power by LED driver consumption is:
1 π ∫ 0.32 2.32 I · 205 sin θdθ = 89 I ,
And the electric power consumed by LED is:
1 π ∫ 0.82 2.32 150 Idθ = 71.6 I .
Efficiency during the 145Vac input is 71.6/89=80%.
Although those skilled in the art can provide other improvement and variation, being intended that of the present inventor will all comprise within the scope of the invention all reasonable and suitable changes and improvements in this area contribution scope at it.

Claims (14)

1. a LED array luminaire comprises:
Be arranged in a plurality of LED array on tandem paths, each LED array has forward voltage;
LED driver, being connected on described a plurality of LED array is also described a plurality of LED array output rectified voltages;
One or more current sources, be connected between LED array and while being configured to the forward voltage of the LED array separately in the output voltage of LED driver exceeds tandem paths, for each LED array separately provides electric current; And
LED forward voltage matching network, be connected on LED driver, for reducing the voltage provided by voltage source, reduces thus difference between the summation of whole forward voltages of the described a plurality of LED array in LED driver output and tandem paths.
2. luminaire according to claim 1, wherein, LED forward voltage matching network has reduced the voltage that is offered LED driver by voltage source, thus the summation of the forward voltage of the described a plurality of LED array in tandem paths be at least LED driver peak input voltage 93%.
3. luminaire according to claim 1, wherein, LED forward voltage matching network comprises at least one electric capacity be connected in series with at least one inductance between the input and output of LED forward voltage matching network.
4. luminaire according to claim 3, wherein, LED forward voltage matching network comprises at least one extra electric capacity that the inductance extra with at least one is connected in series between the input of LED forward matching network, is consumed the phase shift of electric current with compensation.
5. luminaire according to claim 1, wherein, LED forward voltage matching network is included at least one electric capacity be connected in series between the input and output of LED forward matching network.
6. luminaire according to claim 5, wherein, LED forward voltage matching network comprises at least one inductance between the input that is connected to LED forward matching network, is consumed the phase shift of electric current with compensation.
7. luminaire according to claim 1, wherein, LED forward voltage matching network is included at least one inductance be connected in series between the input and output of LED forward matching network.
8. luminaire according to claim 7, wherein, LED forward voltage matching network is included at least one electric capacity connected between the input of LED forward matching network, is consumed the phase shift of electric current with compensation.
9. one kind for the LED array luminaire provides the method for electric energy, comprising:
Reduce the voltage that is input to the AC power supplies in LED driver;
The voltage of the reduction of rectification AC power supplies in LED driver;
Rectified voltage is applied on a plurality of LED array that are arranged in tandem paths, and each LED array has forward voltage;
During the forward voltage of the LED array separately in the output voltage of LED driver exceeds tandem paths, activate and be connected to the one or more current sources between each LED array; And
The summation of wherein, to the voltage of the reduction of the AC power supplies of LED driver, being a bit larger tham the forward voltage of described a plurality of LED array.
10. method according to claim 9, wherein, LED forward voltage matching network reduces the voltage that is offered LED driver by voltage source, thus the summation of the forward voltage of the described whole a plurality of LED array in tandem paths be at least LED driver peak input voltage 93%.
11. method according to claim 9, wherein, at least one electric capacity be connected in series with at least one inductance between one of one of LED forward voltage matching network input by LED forward matching network and output reduces voltage.
12. method according to claim 3, wherein, LED forward voltage matching network is by least one the extra capacitance compensation phase shift be connected in series with at least one extra inductance between the input of LED forward matching network.
13. a LED array luminaire comprises:
Be arranged in a plurality of LED array on tandem paths, each LED array has forward voltage;
LED driver, be connected on described a plurality of LED array and provide output voltage for described a plurality of LED array;
During for the forward voltage of the LED array separately that exceeds tandem paths at the output voltage of LED driver, activate the device of each LED array; And
For reducing offered the device of the voltage of LED driver by voltage source.
14. LED array luminaire according to claim 13 also comprises:
Device for compensating phase shift, wherein caused this phase shift for reducing the device that is offered the voltage of LED driver by voltage source.
CN201310294875.2A 2013-07-03 2013-07-12 For the harmless forward voltage matching network of LED driver Expired - Fee Related CN103428967B (en)

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