CN103424308B - A kind of method that Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loads and auto-compensation loader - Google Patents
A kind of method that Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loads and auto-compensation loader Download PDFInfo
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- CN103424308B CN103424308B CN201310263316.5A CN201310263316A CN103424308B CN 103424308 B CN103424308 B CN 103424308B CN 201310263316 A CN201310263316 A CN 201310263316A CN 103424308 B CN103424308 B CN 103424308B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to Geotechnical Engineering model test equipment technical field, disclose method and the auto-compensation loader of the loading of a kind of Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation.Described auto-compensation loader comprises: loader cylinder barrel, working piston, free-piston, and three chambers of described loader cylinder barrel are sequentially upper chamber, middle chamber and lower chambers; Upper chamber and lower chambers are respectively arranged with the air intake opening being connected gas piping, and in upper chamber, air intake opening one end is provided with free-piston, and in the middle chamber of filling fluid, one end is provided with locating ring, and one end of locating ring is provided with the oil-in connecting liquid line; In middle chamber, the piston rod head of other end working piston is fixedly connected with loader pressure head through the lower chambers of blanketing gas; The loader pressure head other end is connected with model test piece.Experimental provision rapid ftercompction when the present invention can ensure model generation rapid damage, implementation model border dead load is basicly stable, realizes truth when analogy model generation rapid deformation destroys exactly.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Geotechnical Engineering model test equipment technical field, relate generally to method and the auto-compensation loader of a kind of Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loading used in geotechnical engineering structure model test apparatus.
Background technology
Geotechnical Engineering model test equipment is hydraulic loaded to the traditional approach of model load application, and concrete form has various forms of hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic bag.But hydraulic cylinder is carried in model experiment process, testing requirements can not be met when to there is the rapid damage test of dynamic load and static load simultaneously, the test of this type is divided into two kinds, the first for load be static load, but in model there is unstability and destroy rapidly in country rock self, the second is the dynamic load that model originally receives from cavern's peripheral direction while bearing border dead load, as rock burst, the blast wave, tempestuously seismic wave etc. of blast generation.Hydraulic loaded mode the border dead load of guide such as to provide for model, once dynamic load occurs, model produces rapidly the highlight lines such as crack, slump and destroys, may be subjected to displacement and then cause model to be separated with hydraulic cylinder piston front end force transmitting board along with damage model border, hydraulic cylinder produces same displacement and wants supplementing rapidly of liquid.In fact due to incompressibility and the hydraulicdriven hysteresis of liquid, cannot replenisher force feed in time, the supplementary speed of hydraulic cylinder inner high voltage liquid does not catch up with the speed of model destruction far away, so in fact the boundary condition of this period of time inner model there occurs huge change before hydraulic oil supplements completely, the i.e. loss of dead load, boundary condition in this and the actual destructive process of engineering is not inconsistent, the actual destruction situation of structure in the destruction of model and engineering is caused to there is larger difference the most at last, can not the truth of accurate simulation wprks.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides method and the auto-compensation loader of a kind of Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loading.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loader, comprising: loader cylinder barrel, unidirectional working piston, the free-piston of band segmentation ring; The loader cylinder barrel of described band segmentation ring is divided into three chambers, is sequentially the upper chamber of blanketing gas respectively, fills the middle chamber of fluid and the lower chambers of blanketing gas; The upper chamber of described blanketing gas is respectively arranged with the lower chambers of blanketing gas the air intake opening being connected gas piping; In the upper chamber of blanketing gas, air intake opening one end is provided with free-piston, and in the middle chamber of filling fluid, one end is provided with locating ring, and one end of locating ring is provided with the oil-in connecting liquid line; In the middle chamber of filling fluid, the other end is provided with working piston; The piston rod head of working piston is fixedly connected with loader pressure head through the lower chambers of blanketing gas; The loader pressure head other end is connected with model test piece.
A kind of Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loader, upper chamber's air intake opening gas piping of described blanketing gas is provided with upper chamber's gas outlet electromagnetic valve switch, upper chamber's air intake opening electromagnetic valve switch, upper chamber's pressure unit.
A kind of Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loader, the lower chambers air intake opening gas piping of described blanketing gas is provided with lower chambers gas outlet electromagnetic valve switch, lower chambers air intake opening electromagnetic valve switch, lower chambers pressure unit.
A kind of Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loader, the middle chamber oil-in fluid pressure line of described filling fluid is provided with middle chamber oil-in electromagnetic valve switch, middle chamber pressure unit.
The method that Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loads, adopts the air pressure adjustment of single Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loader, and regulate the pressure of gas-liquid compound to supplement speed, its step is as follows:
1), first to insufflation gas medium in cavity of resorption, gas push working piston, to stripper loop place, afterwards, places model in worktable;
2), at the epicoele air intake opening A insufflation gas medium of single Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loader, free-piston is made to move to stripper loop place, when pressure is that P:1-20mp stops inflation;
3), oil-filled at the lumen oil-in B of single Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loader, push the work forward piston, and loader pressure head is contacted with model test piece;
Now, open the venthole of lower chambers, allow the gas medium of lower chambers be communicated with air, avoid destroying fast to make bottom chamber produce excessive passive pressure again;
4), when lumen oil-in B continues oil-filled, make the gas compression of upper chamber, along with the increase gradually of oil pressure, throw of poston strengthens gradually, and meanwhile, the piston that pushes the work forward is to model test piece load application;
5), when model test piece slight Local Cracking occurs or destroys, the oil pressure moment of middle chamber declines rapidly, the pressure gas rapid expanding of upper chamber, makes oil cylinder produce rapidly displacement forward, thus allowing pressure remained steady in middle chamber, the pressure P on model test piece border is constant.
The method that Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loads, described single Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loader, by several combination, forms gas-liquid compound loading device group, for loading multiple faces of large-scale Geotechnical Engineering model test piece.
A kind of method that Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loads, described 3rd) step: now, open the venthole of lower chambers, allow the gas medium of lower chambers be communicated with air, avoid destroying fast and bottom chamber can not be made again to produce excessive passive pressure, the 4th can also be used in) step.
Owing to adopting technical scheme as above, the present invention has following superiority:
A kind of method that Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loads and auto-compensation loader, the expansion of gases at high pressure is utilized to compensate the pressure loss fast, experimental provision rapid ftercompction during to ensure model generation rapid damage, implementation model border dead load is basicly stable, truth when finally realizing that analogy model generation rapid deformation destroys exactly by adjusting pressure parameter in each cavity and displacement parameter.
Loader of the present invention can be used in the Geotechnical Engineering model test under above-mentioned two kinds of loading conditions, significant to the authenticity and accuracy improving dynamic load physical simulation experiment result in this research field.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 gas-liquid charger of the present invention structural representation;
The installation site figure of Fig. 2 gas-liquid loader and pressure unit, electromagnetic valve switch;
In figure: 1, loader bottom; 2, loader cylinder; 3, free-piston; 4, locating ring; 5, working piston; 6, loader protecgulum; 7, loader pressure head; 8, model; 9, piston head; 10, loader main body;
11, lower chambers gas outlet electromagnetic valve switch; 12, lower chambers air intake opening electromagnetic valve switch; 13, lower chambers pressure unit; 14, middle chamber air intake opening electromagnetic valve switch; 15, middle chamber pressure unit; 16, upper chamber gas outlet electromagnetic valve switch; 17, upper chamber's air intake opening electromagnetic valve switch; 18, upper chamber's pressure unit.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, 2, a kind of Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loader, comprising: loader cylinder barrel (2), unidirectional working piston (5), the free-piston (3) of band segmentation ring; The loader cylinder barrel (2) of described band segmentation ring is divided into three chambers, is sequentially the upper chamber of blanketing gas respectively, fills the middle chamber of fluid and the lower chambers of blanketing gas; The upper chamber of described blanketing gas and the lower chambers of blanketing gas are respectively arranged with air intake opening, and the middle chamber of described filling fluid is provided with oil-in; In the upper chamber of blanketing gas, air intake opening one end is provided with free-piston (3), and in the middle chamber of filling fluid, one end is provided with locating ring (4), and one end of locating ring 4 is oil-in; In the middle chamber of filling fluid, the other end is provided with working piston (5); The piston rod head (9) of working piston (5) is fixedly connected with loader pressure head (7) through the lower chambers of blanketing gas; Loader pressure head (7) other end is connected with model test piece (8).
If through rock burst simulated experiment, structure of the present invention proves that this device cavity of resorption adopts liquid, very high passive pressure can be produced, be unfavorable for truly exerting oneself of controlled loading device.Therefore in cavity of resorption, adopt gas medium, Fig. 1 is shown in its structural representation.Loader main body 10 is made up of loader bottom 1, loader cylinder 2 and loader protecgulum 6, and loader cylinder barrel 2 is divided into three chambers: upper chamber, middle chamber and lower chambers.
For the ease of controlling loader, at loader, 3 pressure units are installed, four gas piping switching mode solenoid valves, a fluid pressure line switching mode solenoid valve.The concrete structure figure of its installation site as shown in Figure 2.
As upper chamber's air intake opening gas piping of blanketing gas is provided with upper chamber's gas outlet electromagnetic valve switch 16, upper chamber's air intake opening electromagnetic valve switch 17, upper chamber's pressure unit 18.
The lower chambers air intake opening gas piping of blanketing gas is provided with lower chambers gas outlet electromagnetic valve switch 11, lower chambers air intake opening electromagnetic valve switch 12, lower chambers pressure unit 13.
The middle chamber oil-in fluid pressure line of filling fluid is provided with middle chamber air intake opening electromagnetic valve switch 14, middle chamber pressure unit 15.
The method that Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loads, adopts the air pressure adjustment of single gas-liquid compound loading device, and regulate the pressure of gas-liquid compound to supplement speed, its step is as follows:
1), first to insufflation gas medium in cavity of resorption, gas push working piston 5 to stripper loop 4 place, afterwards, places model in worktable;
2), at the epicoele air intake opening A insufflation gas medium of single gas-liquid compound loading device, free-piston 3 is made to move to stripper loop place, when pressure is that P:1-20mp stops inflation;
3), oil-filled at the lumen oil-in B of single gas-liquid compound loading device, push the work forward piston 5, and loader pressure head 7 is contacted with model test piece 8;
Now, open the venthole of lower chambers, allow the gas medium of lower chambers be communicated with air, avoid destroying fast to make bottom chamber produce excessive passive pressure again;
4), when lumen oil-in B continues oil-filled, make the gas compression of upper chamber, along with the increase gradually of oil pressure, throw of poston strengthens gradually, and meanwhile, push the work forward piston 5 pairs of model test piece 8 load applications;
5), when model test piece 8 slight Local Cracking occurs or destroys, the oil pressure moment of middle chamber declines rapidly, the pressure gas rapid expanding of upper chamber, makes oil cylinder produce rapidly displacement forward, thus allowing pressure remained steady in middle chamber, the pressure P on model test piece 8 border is constant.
Above-mentioned 3rd) step: now, open the venthole of lower chambers, allow the gas medium of lower chambers be communicated with air, avoid destroying fast to make bottom chamber produce excessive passive pressure again, also can be used in the 4th) step.
Gas-liquid compound loading device of the present invention can be used alone, and also can form group and use together.Described single gas-liquid compound loading device, by several combination, forms gas-liquid compound loading device group, in order to load multiple faces of large-scale Geotechnical Engineering model test piece 8.
The course of work of single gas-liquid compound loading device is as follows:
1. A air intake opening is inflated to set pressure (1-20mp), and free-piston 3 moves to stripper loop 4 place, and pressure is P, and force value is determined according to test piece intensity;
2. B oil-in is oil-filled, and push the work forward piston 5, and loader pressure head 7 is contacted with model test piece 8;
3. B oil-in continues oil-filled, and make the gas compression of upper chamber, pressure strengthens gradually with the increase of stroke, and push the work forward piston 5 pairs of model test piece 8 load applications simultaneously;
4. when slight Local Cracking occurs model test piece 8 or other destroy, the oil pressure of middle chamber declines rapidly, the pressure gas rapid expanding of upper chamber makes oil cylinder produce rapidly displacement forward thus allows the pressure in middle chamber keep basicly stable, does not change the loading condition of model boundary.Simultaneously because bottom chamber is gas, destroy fast and bottom chamber can not be made to produce excessive passive pressure.
Claims (7)
1. a Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loader, is characterized in that: comprising: loader cylinder barrel (2), unidirectional working piston (5), the free-piston (3) of band segmentation ring; The loader cylinder barrel (2) of described band segmentation ring is divided into three chambers, is sequentially the upper chamber of blanketing gas respectively, fills the middle chamber of fluid and the lower chambers of blanketing gas; The upper chamber of described blanketing gas is respectively arranged with the lower chambers of blanketing gas the air intake opening being connected gas piping; In the upper chamber of blanketing gas, air intake opening one end is provided with free-piston (3), and in the middle chamber of filling fluid, one end is provided with locating ring (4), and one end of locating ring (4) is provided with the oil-in connecting liquid line; In the middle chamber of filling fluid, the other end is provided with working piston (5); The piston rod head (9) of working piston (5) is fixedly connected with loader pressure head (7) through the lower chambers of blanketing gas; Loader pressure head (7) other end is connected with model test piece (8).
2. a kind of Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loader according to claim 1, is characterized in that: upper chamber's air intake opening gas piping of described blanketing gas is provided with upper chamber's gas outlet electromagnetic valve switch (16), upper chamber's air intake opening electromagnetic valve switch (17), upper chamber's pressure unit (18).
3. a kind of Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loader according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the lower chambers air intake opening gas piping of described blanketing gas is provided with lower chambers gas outlet electromagnetic valve switch (11), lower chambers air intake opening electromagnetic valve switch (12), lower chambers pressure unit (13).
4. a kind of Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loader according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the middle chamber oil-in fluid pressure line of described filling fluid is provided with middle chamber oil-in electromagnetic valve switch (14), middle chamber pressure unit (15).
5. the method for a kind of Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loading of Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loader as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the air pressure adjustment adopting single Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loader, regulate the pressure of gas-liquid compound to supplement speed, its step is as follows:
1), first to insufflation gas medium in cavity of resorption, gas push working piston (5), to stripper loop place, afterwards, places model in worktable;
2), at the epicoele air intake opening A insufflation gas medium of single Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loader, free-piston (3) is made to move to stripper loop place, when pressure is that P:1-20mp stops inflation;
3), oil-filled at the lumen oil-in B of single Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loader, the piston that pushes the work forward (5), makes loader pressure head (7) contact with model test piece (8);
Now, open the venthole of lower chambers, allow the gas medium of lower chambers be communicated with air, avoid destroying fast to make bottom chamber produce excessive passive pressure again;
4), when lumen oil-in B continues oil-filled, make the gas compression of upper chamber, along with the increase gradually of oil pressure, throw of poston strengthens gradually, and meanwhile, the piston that pushes the work forward (5) is to model test piece (8) load application;
5), when model test piece (8) slight Local Cracking occurs or destroys, the oil pressure moment of middle chamber declines rapidly, the pressure gas rapid expanding of upper chamber, makes oil cylinder produce rapidly displacement forward, thus allowing pressure remained steady in middle chamber, the pressure P on model test piece (8) border is constant.
6. the method for a kind of Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loading according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described single Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loader is by several combination, form gas-liquid compound loading device group, for loading multiple faces of large-scale Geotechnical Engineering model test piece (8).
7. the method for a kind of Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loading according to claim 5, the described 3rd) it is characterized in that: step: now, open the venthole of lower chambers, the gas medium of lower chambers is allowed to be communicated with air, avoid destroying fast and bottom chamber can not be made again to produce excessive passive pressure, the 4th can also be used in) step.
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| CN201310263316.5A CN103424308B (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2013-06-28 | A kind of method that Quick gas-liquid compound auto-compensation loads and auto-compensation loader |
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