CN103414980B - The time delay of a kind of multi output channel sound systems and the compensation method of Frequency Response - Google Patents
The time delay of a kind of multi output channel sound systems and the compensation method of Frequency Response Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Patent of the present invention proposes a kind of time delay of multi output channel sound systems and the compensation method of Frequency Response and system realizes.First, the present invention is by measuring each interchannel phase difference of multichannel output equipment, to guarantee that multichannel output equipment itself is in the state of synchronization output signal.Then, the method that the present invention uses time delay to estimate estimates that signal arrives the time delay of specific listening zone via the output of multichannel output equipment through signal processing system, audio amplifier and spatial approach, by comparing each interchannel delay inequality, each paths is carried out delay compensation.Finally, the frequency response curve that the present invention is directed to actually measured above-mentioned signal route of transmission designs and Implements FIR compensating for frequency response wave filter, is compensated the medium and low frequency above section of the frequency response curve of multiple passages into straight line as much as possible by this wave filter.Pass through said method so that phase place and the Frequency Response of each passage when the sound wave that each audio amplifier sends reaches listening zone are basically identical.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to audio frequency and electroacoustic techniques application, relate in a kind of multi output channel sound systems each passage it
Between the synchroballistic method of difference.Employing the method can eliminate the difference in multi output channel sound systems between each passage,
The characteristic making the sound wave arriving specific listening zone by different passages is consistent, can be widely applied to high-grade audio-visual equipment and
Special experimental room.
Background technology
Multi-channel sound acoustic system is mainly used in arenas, movie theatre, music hall, auditorium, gymnasium, meeting room and laboratory
Deng.This system is mainly made up of sound source, multichannel output equipment and loudspeaker acoustic enclosure, and its schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 1.For some
High-grade audiovisual place or laboratory, it is desirable to the characteristic arriving the signal specifying listening area by different passage outputs is identical
's.But, owing to different audio amplifiers are not consistent to the distance of listening zone, thus the sound wave that different audio amplifier sends reaches listening zone
Time delay is different；On the other hand, owing to the Frequency Response of the loudspeaker of different passages and power amplifier etc. there is also difference,
The Frequency Response making signal via different passages outputs is the most inconsistent.
Along with developing rapidly of Digital Signal Processing, by analog circuit, the characteristics such as the peak valley of frequency response curve are carried out
The technology compensated just gradually is eliminated due to its filter design difficult and the undesirable reason of compensation effect, and uses numeral letter
Number method that Frequency Response and delay inequality are compensated by treatment technology the most progressively becomes main flow.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide time delay and the compensation method of Frequency Response of a kind of multi output channel sound systems.
It is mended by each output channel of multi output channel sound systems carries out synchronism output setting, delay compensation and frequency response curve
The technical finesse such as repay, eliminate the difference between each passage in this system to greatest extent so that led to by the difference of this system
The characteristic of the sound wave that road arrives specific listening zone is the most consistent.
The purpose having for realizing this, a kind of multi output channel sound systems of the present invention time extend to compensating for frequency response side
Method the technical scheme is that connection signal processing system on multichannel output equipment, and this signal processing system is used for guaranteeing
Multichannel output equipment itself is in the state of synchronization output signal, compensates and lead to via the different outputs of multichannel output equipment
Road, power amplifier (can be included in output channel equipment or audio amplifier), audio amplifier and spatial arrive specific listening zone time
Prolong difference；And compensate via the specific listening zone of above-mentioned multichannel output equipment, power amplifier, audio amplifier and spatial approach arrival
Frequency Response；The step of concrete compensation method is:
(1) guarantee that multichannel output equipment itself is in synchronization output signal by the module in this signal processing system
The process of state is: choose the identical simple signal of any two output channel output to two input channels synchronizing input；
Read the simple signal that two input channels are collected the phase difference using method for measuring phase difference measurement two paths of signals；If phase
Potential difference is sufficiently small, then it is believed that the two-way output channel chosen has completed the configuration of synchronism output；Change one of them output logical
Road repeat the above steps, until the phase difference between all output channels is the most sufficiently small.If arbitrarily inter-channel phase difference is excessive, then
Above-mentioned test is again carried out, until it is same to confirm that multichannel output equipment is in itself after should adjusting the configuration of multichannel output equipment
The state of step output signal.
(2) by the module for compensating in this signal processing system via different output channel equipment, power amplifier, audio amplifiers
And spatial approach arrives the process of delay inequality of specific listening zone and is: use delay time estimation method estimate each channel signal from
Multichannel output equipment exports the time experienced to microphone pick.Choose passage that in each passage, the used time is the longest as benchmark
Passage, postpones the signal of output rest channels.Its time postponed is that the time used by each passage is relative to reference channel institute's used time
Between time difference.
(3) by the module for compensating in this signal processing system via above-mentioned different output channel equipment, power amplifier,
The process of the Frequency Response that audio amplifier and spatial approach arrive specific listening zone is: for the frequency response that each paths is actually measured
Characteristics design FIR compensating for frequency response wave filter, can be by more than the medium and low frequency of the frequency response curve of all passages by this compensating filter
Part is modified to straight line as much as possible.The concrete sub-step of this process is:
A, employing pumping signal motivation needs compensate the loudspeaker of passage, are responded signal by microphone pick simultaneously.
B, calculate the frequency response curve of this passage by pumping signal with response signal.
C, set the initial frequency of compensating for frequency response according to specific needs, and be typically set to 20kHz by frequency.
D, select a certain constant divided by frequency response function by selected by step C take out frequency range in value and by this frequency
Value outside Duan keeps constant, is derived from the frequency response function of compensating for frequency response wave filter.
E, the frequency response function obtained by step D is done inverse-Fourier transform obtain compensating for frequency response wave filter impulse ring
Should.
F, impulse response function to the compensating for frequency response wave filter obtained by step E do windowing process, it is thus achieved that final frequency
Ring compensating filter.
All passages are designed compensating for frequency response wave filter by G, the method for repetition step A to step F.
The frequency response curve of all passages is again tested, by adjusting after the compensating for frequency response wave filter that H, addition step G design
The gain coefficient of each passage makes the medium and low frequency above section of the frequency response curve of all passages be same straight line.
The key technology of said method is: use method for measuring phase difference (by zero passage method, relevant function method and cross-power
One in spectrometry) measure the phase difference between output channel, to guarantee that multichannel output equipment itself is in synchronization output signal
State；Use delay time estimation method (with in general cross correlation, minimum mean square self-adaption filter method, Crosspower spectrum phase method
One) estimate that each channel signal exports, from multichannel output equipment, time of being experienced to microphone pick；Actual measurement is each
The frequency response curve of individual passage also designs FIR compensating for frequency response wave filter, by this wave filter by the frequency response curve of each passage
Low frequency above section compensates as far as possible as same straight line.
Multichannel output equipment includes sound card, audio process, sound console, balanced device, frequency divider, mixer, laboratory
Special signal output card.
The present invention compared with prior art, has following obvious advantage and a beneficial effect:
By assuring that the synchronism output of multichannel output equipment, estimate to compensate after signal time delay and to it, design each and lead to
The technology of three aspects of compensating for frequency response wave filter in road makes to export each interchannel phase place and the frequency response of multi-channel sound acoustic system
Characteristic is basically identical.The method has more preferable phase place and compensating for frequency response effect compared to existing technology, and tests with reality
Acoustic enviroment combine.Moreover, the method is easily achieved, and can be widely applied to high-grade audiovisual place or Specialty Experiment
Room.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a multi-channel sound acoustic system.
Fig. 2 is the system block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the example of the measurement result of phase difference between typical different passages, and left and right figure is respectively before synchronizing
After measurement result；
Fig. 4 is multi-channel sound acoustic system delay compensation schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is each passage compensating for frequency response flow chart.
Fig. 6 is certain passage frequency response curve comparison diagram before and after compensating.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment the present invention is described further.
As it can be seen, the present invention includes: source of sound (1), multichannel output equipment (2), signal processing system (3), audio amplifier (4)
With microphone (5) and power amplifier.Power amplifier is included in multichannel output equipment (2) or audio amplifier (4).Transaudient
Device (5) is placed in specific listening zone, and effect is to measure test signal via audio amplifier (4), signal processing system (3), audio amplifier (4)
And spatial approach arrives time delay and the Frequency Response of specific listening zone, and it is supplied to signal processing system (3).
The compensation method of the present invention implements process:
The present invention connects signal processing system (3) on multichannel output equipment, and this signal processing system (3) is used for guaranteeing
Multichannel output equipment (2) itself be in synchronization output signal state, compensate defeated via the difference of multichannel output equipment (2)
Go out passage, power amplifier (being included in output channel equipment or audio amplifier), audio amplifier (4) and spatial approach (air borne)
Arrive the delay inequality of specific listening zone；And compensate via above-mentioned multichannel output equipment (2), power amplifier, audio amplifier (4) and sky
Between route of transmission arrive specific listening zone Frequency Response；The step of concrete compensation method is:
(1) guarantee that multichannel output equipment (2) itself is in synchronization output signal by the module of signal processing system (3)
State:
Choose the identical simple signal of any two output channel output to two input channels synchronizing input；Read two
Simple signal that input channel is collected also uses method for measuring phase difference to measure the phase difference of two paths of signals；If phase difference foot
Enough little, then it is believed that the two-way output channel chosen has completed the configuration of synchronism output；Change one of them output channel to lay equal stress on
Multiple above-mentioned steps, until the phase difference between all output channels is the most sufficiently small.If arbitrarily inter-channel phase difference is excessive, then should adjust
Above-mentioned test is again carried out, until it is same to confirm that multichannel output equipment (2) is in itself after the configuration of multichannel output equipment (2)
The state of step output signal.
Fig. 3 is to be measured the measurement result example of phase difference, left and right between typical different passages by cross-power spectrum method
Figure is respectively the measurement result before and after synchronizing；
(2) by the module for compensating of signal processing system (3) via multichannel output equipment (2), power amplifier, audio amplifier
And spatial approach arrives the process of delay inequality of specific listening zone and mainly comprises the steps that (4)
With reference to the measurement system shown in Fig. 2 and select cross-correlation method measurements estimate each channel signal from multichannel export set
Standby (2) output gathers the time d1, d2 experienced to microphone (5) ... dn also chooses the maximum in d1 to dn as reference
Value.Assume as shown in Figure 4, then using the di of the i-th passage as reference value.The delay compensation value of rest channels is calculated by di.
(3) passed via multichannel output equipment (2), audio amplifier (4) and space by the module for compensating of signal processing system (3)
The process broadcasting the Frequency Response that approach arrives specific listening zone mainly comprises the steps that
A, employing pumping signal motivation needs compensate the loudspeaker (6) of passage, are gathered response by microphone (5) simultaneously and believe
Number.
B, calculate the frequency response curve of this passage by pumping signal with response signal.
C, the initial frequency setting compensating for frequency response in the present embodiment are set to 20kHz as 100Hz, cut-off frequency.
D, select a certain constant divided by by taking out the frequency response curve in frequency range selected by step C and being kept by the curve outside frequency range
Constant, it is derived from the amplitude frequency curve of compensating for frequency response wave filter.
E, the amplitude frequency curve obtaining compensating for frequency response wave filter is done inverse-Fourier transform obtains the biography of compensating for frequency response wave filter
Delivery function.
F, compensating for frequency response wave filter transmission function do windowing process, it is thus achieved that final compensating for frequency response wave filter.
Concretely comprise the following steps (referring to shown in Fig. 5):
Put swept-frequency signal (5), excitation tested speaker (6), gather acoustic response signal (7), calculate frequency response curve (8), if
Surely the frequency range (9) that need to compensate, obtains the transmission function (10) of compensating filter, windowing process (11), it is thus achieved that compensating for frequency response filters
Device (12), finally terminates (13).
Fig. 6 is certain passage frequency response curve comparison diagram before and after compensating.
The concrete principle of each compensation method is as follows:
(1) cross-power spectrum method measures phase difference
First the method carries out sampling and obtains two groups of discrete datas two-way sinusoidal signal, then utilizes principle of correlation analysis to ask
Go out amplitude spectrum and the phase spectrum of two groups of data cross-correlation functions.Because two signals are homogenous frequency signal, they have the relevant of maximum
Property.Therefore in amplitude spectrum, there is maximum amplitude value, phase information corresponding with amplitude spectrum maximum in phase spectrum is two letters
Number phase difference.The calculating of crosspower spectrum is by first asking the cross-correlation function of two measured signals to carry out discrete Fourier transform again
Realize.
If、It is respectively two same frequency sinusoidal signals to be measured,For the sampling time,For the variable of cross-correlation function,
Then cross-correlation function computing formula is
The cross-correlation function expression formula of the discrete-time series signal that sampling obtains is
Wherein,For signalWithCross-correlation function；WithIt it is signalWithDiscrete
Form,It isDiscrete form.
When two paths of signals is during not varying signal, their cross-spectral density is transform relation with cross-correlation function, i.e.
Wherein,For signalWithCross-spectral density.
The cross-spectral density function tried to achieve is carried out polar coordinate transform, i.e. can get amplitude spectrum and the phase of two sinusoidal signals
Position spectrum, and then obtain phase difference.
(2) cross-correlation method estimation time delay
Cross-correlation method is a kind of conventional delay time estimation method, and this method uses cross-correlation function to estimate time delay
Meter.If the signal exported by multichannel output equipment is, microphone the signal received is.Then have:
Wherein,For the time delay between signal,Represent the distortion that signal produces,For noise.Measure time delayWarp
Allusion quotation method is to seek the cross-correlation function of two paths of signals, the delay volume of relevant peaks the estimation obtained.
Defining by cross-correlation function:
Wherein,For signal、Cross-correlation function, T is observation time.
In scope discussed herein, the Frequency Response of active audio amplifier is ideal, it is taken as that the knot that time delay is estimated
Fruit affects negligible；Assume noise simultaneouslyWith signal、Uncorrelated.
In sum, a demand obtains the cross-correlation function of two paths of signals, when then i.e. being estimated by the delay volume of relevant peaks
Prolong.
(3) each passage compensating for frequency response explanation
The Frequency Response assuming certain passage is, then its compensating for frequency response filter response is, c is
Constant.But, in order to ensure loudspeaker (6)) its power, in rated operating range, therefore needs to choose when being operated in low frequency state
The initial frequency of low-frequency compensation, and initial frequency is not dealt with lower part.
Finally, it should explanation: above example is only in order to illustrate the present invention without limiting the present invention described skill
Art scheme；Therefore, although the present invention is described in detail by this specification with reference to the above embodiments, but, this area
It will be appreciated by the skilled person that still the present invention can be modified or equivalent；And all without departing from invention spirit and
The technical scheme of scope and improvement thereof, it all should be contained in the middle of scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (4)
1. the time delay of a multi output channel sound systems and the compensation method of Frequency Response, it is characterised in that export at multichannel
Connecting signal processing system on equipment, this signal processing system is used for guaranteeing that multichannel output equipment itself is in synchronism output letter
Number state, compensate arrive via different output channels, power amplifier, audio amplifier and the spatial approach of multichannel output equipment
Reach the delay inequality of listening zone；And compensate and arrive via above-mentioned multichannel output equipment, power amplifier, audio amplifier and spatial approach
Reach the Frequency Response of listening zone；The step of concrete compensation method is:
(1) guarantee that multichannel output equipment itself is in the state of synchronization output signal by the module in this signal processing system
Process be: choose any two output channel identical simple signal of output to two input channels synchronizing input；Read
Simple signal that two input channels are collected also uses method for measuring phase difference to measure the phase difference of two paths of signals；If phase difference
Sufficiently small, then it is assumed that the two-way output channel chosen has completed the configuration of synchronism output；Change one of them output channel to lay equal stress on
Multiple above-mentioned steps, until the phase difference between all output channels is the most sufficiently small；If arbitrarily inter-channel phase difference is excessive, then should adjust
Above-mentioned test is again carried out, until confirming that multichannel output equipment itself is in synchronism output after the configuration of multichannel output equipment
The state of signal；
(2) by the module for compensating in this signal processing system via different output channel equipment, power amplifier, audio amplifier and sky
Between the process of delay inequality of arrival listening zone, route of transmission be: each channel signal is defeated from multichannel to use delay time estimation method to estimate
Go out equipment and export the time experienced to microphone pick；Choose passage that in each passage, the used time is the longest as reference channel, prolong
Export the signal of rest channels late；Its time postponed is the time used by each passage relative to the time of time used by reference channel
Difference；
(3) by the module for compensating in this signal processing system via above-mentioned different output channel equipment, power amplifier, audio amplifiers
And the process of the Frequency Response of spatial approach arrival listening zone is: for the Frequency Response design that each paths is actually measured
FIR compensating for frequency response wave filter, by this compensating filter by the medium and low frequency above section of the frequency response curve of all passages as far as possible
Be modified to straight line；Concretely comprising the following steps of this process:
A, employing swept-frequency signal compensate the loudspeaker of passage as pumping signal motivation needs, simultaneously by microphone pick response letter
Number；
B, calculate the frequency response curve of this passage by pumping signal with response signal；
C, set the initial frequency of compensating for frequency response according to specific needs, and be typically set to 20kHz by frequency；
D, select a certain constant divided by frequency response function by selected by step C take out frequency range in value and by outside this frequency range
Value keeps constant, is derived from the frequency response function of compensating for frequency response wave filter；
E, step D the frequency response function obtained is done inverse-Fourier transform obtain the impulse response of compensating for frequency response wave filter；
F, impulse response function to the compensating for frequency response wave filter obtained by step E do windowing process, it is thus achieved that final frequency response is mended
Repay wave filter；
G, the method for repetition step A to step F, to all n passages design compensating for frequency response wave filters；
The frequency response curve of all passages is again tested after the compensating for frequency response wave filter that H, addition step G design, each logical by adjusting
The gain coefficient in road makes the medium and low frequency above section of the frequency response curve of all passages be same straight line；
Described microphone is placed in listening zone, and effect is to measure test signal via audio amplifier, signal processing system, audio amplifier and sky
Between the time delay of arrival listening zone, route of transmission and Frequency Response, and be supplied to signal processing system.
The time delay of multi output channel sound systems the most according to claim 1 and the compensation method of Frequency Response, its feature
It is that multichannel output equipment includes that sound card, audio process, sound console, balanced device, frequency divider, mixer, laboratory are special
Signal output card.
The time delay of multi output channel sound systems the most according to claim 1 and the compensation method of Frequency Response, its feature
It is that method for measuring phase difference is the one in zero passage method, relevant function method and cross-power spectrum method.
The time delay of multi output channel sound systems the most according to claim 1 and the compensation method of Frequency Response, its feature
It is that delay time estimation method is the one in general cross correlation, minimum mean square self-adaption filter method and Crosspower spectrum phase method.
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| CN103618980A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-05 | 广州天逸电子有限公司 | Electronic acoustic splitter |
| CN104506259B (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2017-06-06 | 西安交通大学 | Time delay estimation and bearing calibration between broadband multi-antenna communication system receiving channel |
| CN104678343B (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2017-11-21 | 深圳市鼎阳科技有限公司 | A kind of waveform generator Frequency Response calibration method, apparatus and system |
| CN106452384A (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2017-02-22 | 西安中兴新软件有限责任公司 | Audio adjusting method and terminal device |
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| CN107948864B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2020-07-07 | 广州励丰文化科技股份有限公司 | Time delay compensation method and system based on sound box equipment |
| CN109151705A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2019-01-04 | 北京爱数智慧科技有限公司 | A kind of alignment schemes and relevant device of conferencing data |
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| CN109862503B (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2021-02-23 | 北京雷石天地电子技术有限公司 | Method and equipment for automatically adjusting loudspeaker delay |
| CN110109644B (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2020-11-17 | 广州视源电子科技股份有限公司 | Method, device and system for determining and processing equalization parameters of electronic equipment |
| CN111352019A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-06-30 | 上海泽丰半导体科技有限公司 | Test machine delay compensation method and system and test machine |
| CN111526455A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-11 | 菁音电子科技（上海）有限公司 | Correction enhancement method and system for vehicle-mounted sound |
| CN112312245B (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2023-01-10 | 深圳市火乐科技发展有限公司 | Audio playing method and related device |
| CN114283857A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-04-05 | 上海艾为电子技术股份有限公司 | Delay compensation of frequency division signal, frequency division method, system and frequency divider |
| CN117119358B (en) * | 2023-10-17 | 2024-01-19 | 武汉市聚芯微电子有限责任公司 | Compensation method and device for sound image offset side, electronic equipment and storage equipment |
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