CN103411465A - Penetration type concave-convex blade rotor inside heat exchange pipe - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a through-type concave-convex blade rotor in a heat exchange tube, which is composed of a hollow shaft and a helical blade. The backwater surface of the helical blade is provided with a groove structure along the helical direction of the blade; there are holes in the cross section of the blade, and the hole Extending along the helical direction of the blade, it runs through the entire blade to form a through hole, and the protrusion formed on the blade by the wall thickness of the through hole is the spoiler axis. The heat transfer fluid continuously passes through the disturbance of the turbulence axis along the upstream surface of the blade and the concave-convex fluctuation of the groove on the back surface of the blade, which increases the radial and tangential velocity of the fluid on both sides of the blade and enhances the turbulence effect. Relying on the suspension force of the fluid to the through hole when the fluid flows through the through hole, the rotor can play a good self-centering effect when rotating in the fluid, avoiding the scraping effect between the blade tip and the tube wall, and prolonging the service life of the rotor; Through the separation of the through holes, the quality and energy exchange between the various parts of the fluid in the tube is greatly enhanced, and the functions of anti-scaling and descaling and enhanced heat transfer are realized.

Description

Through-type concave-convex blade rotor in the heat exchange tube

technical field

The invention relates to an interpolation element for enhancing heat transfer and anti-fouling and decontamination in heat exchange tubes used in shell-and-tube heat exchangers, heat exchange reactors and other equipment, in particular to an interpolation element that uses the heat transfer fluid inside the heat exchange tube as the Power, through-type concave-convex blade rotor that realizes self-cleaning and enhanced heat transfer function.

Background technique

Energy saving and emission reduction is a key technology that the whole world attaches great importance to. It is applied to many heat exchangers in many fields such as petroleum, chemical industry, thermal power, nuclear power, metallurgy, light industry, aviation devices and marine vehicles, among which the most Shell-and-tube heat exchangers are widely used, but there are common problems of fouling and fouling in the inner walls of these heat exchange tubes, which lead to increased resistance of fluid transport in the pipeline, and in severe cases, the pipeline will be blocked, and the heat transfer performance will be greatly reduced; In addition, the dirt is generally corrosive, which will lead to corrosion of the pipe wall, which will cause major safety hazards due to fluid leakage. Therefore, the traditional treatment method is to be forced to stop production for cleaning, which not only delays the production progress of the factory, but also Also need to pay expensive cleaning fee; In order to better solve these problems, people have been studying various methods and devices of non-stop online automatic heat transfer enhancement and descaling and antiscaling. In recent years, many anti-scaling and descaling methods and devices have appeared, one of which uses fluid to drive the rotation of the spiral bond to realize the method of online automatic descaling. The Chinese patent application number is: CN1424554, and the patent name is "double spoiler spiral enhanced replacement The invention of "heat and automatic descaling device", which is used to enhance heat transfer and automatic descaling, including a spiral bond and a fixed frame, the spiral bond is set in the spiral tube, and the spiral bond is driven by the fluid flow in the heat exchange tube to rotate . Since the spiral bond is a whole belt, the heat exchange tube is not straight enough after processing and installation, and there will be uneven gaps between the spiral bond and the inner wall of the heat exchange tube, so the descaling effect of the bond is small and uneven, and the descaling effect not ideal. In the spiral bond descaling device, the spiral bond is fixed at one end, and the other end is free to swing, and the radial dimension of the twisted belt is smaller than the inner diameter of the heat transfer tube. In general, the spiral bond has the following main disadvantages: (1) The bond is a whole, which directly scratches the heat transfer tube and damages the inner wall of the heat transfer tube; (2) When the fluid flows to push the bond to rotate, it requires a large driving torque and consumes more (3) The service life of the bearing used for single-end fixing is short; (4) The effect of field synergy enhanced heat transfer generated by the bond is not significant. Afterwards, the Chinese patent number is 200520127121.9, and a patent application titled "rotor type self-cleaning enhanced heat transfer device" was disclosed. This device is composed of a fixed frame, a rotor, a flexible shaft and a support tube. The two ends of the tube; the outer surface of the rotor has helical ribs, and the rotor has a central hole; the supporting frame is arranged between the rotor and the fixed frame, and the flexible shaft passes through the central hole of the rotor and the supporting tube and is fixed on the two fixed frames. The device has the functions of online automatic scale prevention and descaling and enhanced heat transfer. When the fluid flows in the heat transfer tube along or against the flow, it has the functions of anti-scaling and descaling and enhanced heat transfer. But the disadvantage is that when a certain fluid passes through, the rotation speed of the rotor is determined by the helix angle of the flight. When the flight lead is small, the rotation speed of the rotor is fast, and the resistance to the fluid increases accordingly; in order to facilitate the rotation of the rotor For installation, there is a relatively large distance between the outer diameter surface of the rotor and the inner diameter surface of the heat exchange tube, so that the enhanced heat transfer and anti-scaling and descaling capabilities of the rotor are limited to a certain extent. In addition, the rotor will shake during the rotation process, and the top of the blade will scratch the inner wall of the heat exchange tube, which will also reduce its service life. Therefore, the rotor should have a better centering effect in the heat exchange tube to reduce its friction. The scraping effect with the inner wall of the heat exchange tube prolongs its service life.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to design a rotor with a new structure. The rotor blades are provided with spoiler shafts on the water-facing surface and grooves on the back-water surface. The rotor with this structure can improve the heat transfer performance of the heat exchange tubes and also have the functions of anti-scaling and descaling. The role of the turbulent flow, and the turbulence shaft is provided with a through hole in the axial direction, thereby prolonging the service life of the rotor, and further enhancing the turbulence effect of the fluid in the tube, and strengthening the heat exchange process.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is: the through-type concave-convex blade rotor in the heat exchange tube is composed of a hollow shaft and a spiral blade. The spiral blade is located on the surface of the hollow shaft. The outer diameter of the spiral blade is smaller than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube. The surface of the spiral blade is smooth. There is a hole inside, and the hole extends along the spiral direction of the blade and runs through the entire blade to form a through hole. The protrusion formed on the blade by the wall thickness of the through hole is the spoiler axis; the edge of the helical blade that first contacts the water flow The side is chamfered or rounded, and the end of the hollow shaft away from the water inlet is evenly opened in the circumferential direction to communicate with the inner hole of the hollow shaft. By changing the helix angle and axial length of the helical blade along the axial direction of the hollow , the height along the radial direction of the hollow shaft, the number of spoiler shafts on the blade, the angle between the spoiler shaft and the hollow shaft, the axial length of the spoiler shaft along the hollow shaft, the number of grooves, the groove and the hollow shaft The included angle, the length of the groove along the axial direction of the hollow shaft, the position and size of the through hole are used to change the rotational torque of the fluid to the rotor, and the combined fixing method of the helical blade on the hollow shaft should facilitate the installation of the rotor in the heat exchange tube. When the heat transfer fluid flows through the helical blades, it will generate an axial force on the rotor. The helical blades hinder the flow of the heat transfer fluid, thereby changing the flow direction of the fluid and forming a mixed flow. The tangential flow of the hot fluid can achieve the purpose of enhancing heat transfer and preventing the formation and deposition of dirt. At the same time, during the rotation of the helical blade, the heat transfer fluid will continue to pass through the turbulence axis along the water facing surface of the blade for further disturbance, and through The concave and convex effect of the groove on the back surface of the blade increases the radial and tangential velocity of the fluid on both sides of the blade and enhances the turbulence effect. In addition, during the rotation process of the rotor, relying on the suspension force of the fluid to the through hole when the fluid flows through the through hole, the rotor has a self-suspension function during the rotation process, and can play a good self-centering effect when rotating in the fluid. In this way, the scraping effect between the top of the blade and the inner wall of the heat exchange tube is avoided, and the service life of the rotor is prolonged. At the same time, through the separation of the through-hole, the fluid in the tube is divided by the rotor into fluid on the upstream surface, fluid on the back-water surface, fluid flowing out of the through-hole and After the fluid between the tube wall and the blade gap passes through each rotor, the four separated fluids are remixed, which greatly strengthens the quality and energy exchange between the various parts of the fluid in the tube, and further realizes the anti-scaling and descaling and enhanced heat transfer. effect. By changing the helix angle of the helical blade along the axial direction of the hollow shaft, the axial length, the height along the radial direction of the hollow shaft, the number of spoiler shafts on the blade, the angle between the spoiler shaft and the hollow shaft, and the length of the spoiler shaft along the hollow shaft The axial length of the shaft, the number of grooves, the angle between the groove and the hollow shaft, the length of the groove along the axial direction of the hollow shaft, the position and size of the through hole are used to change the rotational torque of the fluid to the rotor, so that the rotor is changing The heat pipe rotates smoothly.

In the present invention, the through-type concave-convex blade rotor in the heat exchange tube has two, three or more helical blades evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the hollow shaft.

In the present invention, the through-type concave-convex blade rotor in the heat exchange tube has one, two or more spoiler shafts on the water-facing surface of the helical blade, and the spoiler shafts are parallel to the hollow shaft or form a certain angle, and the adjacent spoiler shafts The distance between them is equal or distributed in a certain proportion.

In the present invention, the through-type concave-convex blade rotor in the heat exchange tube has one, two or more grooves on the surface of the backwater surface of the spiral blade, and the grooves are parallel to the hollow shaft or form a certain angle, and the distance between adjacent grooves equally or proportionally.

The through-hole concave-convex blade rotor in the heat exchange tube of the present invention has a circular or elliptical cross-sectional shape, and the number of through-holes corresponding to a single spoiler axis is one, two or more. Section centers are coincident or offset by a certain distance.

In order to prevent the rotor from moving axially along the rotating shaft during rotation, coaxial structures are arranged at both ends of the hollow shaft of the rotor, and the coaxial structures of two adjacent rotors are combined end-to-end to realize the axial positioning between the rotors. The hollow-shaft coaxial structure of the rotor can be in the form of a ball socket, a cone, a buckle or a universal joint. The positions, numbers, axial lengths and included angles with the hollow shaft of the spoiler shafts or grooves of the two rotors matched front and back can be the same or different.

In the present invention, the through-type concave-convex blade rotor in the heat exchange tube has a hollow shaft cross-sectional shape that is hollow conical, hollow cylindrical, hollow corrugated or hollow polygonal, and the cross-sectional shape of the rotor hollow shaft away from the water inlet is semicircular. , oval, rectangular or trapezoidal hole communicating with the inner hole of the hollow shaft, the length of the hole along the axial direction is greater than the length of the concave table at the water inlet end of the hollow shaft, the hole can make the heat transfer fluid flow between the hollow shaft and the rotating shaft It flows in the space between the hollow shaft and the rotating shaft, and drives the dirt between the hollow shaft and the rotating shaft to be discharged with the heat transfer fluid, thereby preventing the deposition of dirt and saving materials at the same time.

The through-type concave-convex blade rotor in the heat exchange tube of the present invention can be connected end to end in a whole string and installed on the connection axis. The connection axis can be a rigid round rod or a flexible soft rope; it can also be divided into the same number of rotors by the limiter Or several different groups, so that the rotor rotates evenly.

The vanes and the hollow shaft of the penetrating concave-convex vane rotor in the heat exchange tube of the present invention are made of polymer materials, polymer-based composite materials, metal or ceramic materials.

The helix angle of the helical blade of the rotor along the axial direction of the hollow shaft, the axial length, the height along the radial direction of the hollow shaft, the number of spoiler shafts on the blade, the angle between the spoiler shaft and the hollow shaft, and the The axial length of the hollow shaft, the number of grooves, the angle between the groove and the hollow shaft, the length of the groove along the axial direction of the hollow shaft, the position and size of the through hole can be determined according to the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube, the flow rate of the medium in the tube, etc. Working conditions, strength and wear resistance of the rotor itself are determined in combination with manufacturing and processing costs, and synchronous or independent rotation structures can be adopted between adjacent rotors.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The invented rotor blade has a turbulent shaft structure on the water-facing surface, which can effectively increase the tangential velocity and radial velocity of the fluid on the water-facing surface, enhance the mixed flow effect, and thereby improve the ability of heat transfer enhancement ; 2. The invented rotor blade has a groove structure on the back surface, which increases the radial and tangential velocity of the fluid on the back surface of the blade through the ups and downs of the groove on the back surface of the blade, further enhances the turbulence effect, and improves the heat transfer enhancement. 3. The invented rotor blade is provided with a through-hole structure. During the rotation of the rotor, the suspension force of the fluid on the through-hole when the fluid flows through the through-hole makes the rotor have a self-suspension function during the rotation and can When rotating in the fluid, it has a good self-centering effect, thereby avoiding the scraping effect between the top of the blade and the inner wall of the heat exchange tube, and prolonging the service life of the rotor; 4. The hollow shaft of a single rotor is far away from the water inlet end. The holes connected with the inner holes can make the heat transfer fluid flow inside the hollow shaft and between the rotating shafts, and drive the dirt to be discharged from the space between the inside of the hollow shaft and the rotating shafts, preventing the deposition of dirt, saving rotor materials and costs; 5 , After the separation of the through holes, the fluid in the tube is divided by the rotor into the fluid on the upstream surface, the fluid on the back surface, the fluid flowing out of the through hole, and the fluid between the pipe wall and the blade gap. After passing through each rotor, the four separated fluids are remixed , thereby greatly strengthening the quality and energy exchange between the various parts of the fluid in the tube, and further realizing the functions of anti-scaling and descaling and enhancing heat transfer; 6. The invented rotor blade is provided with a through-hole structure, saving rotor materials and saving cost.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of the through-type concave-convex blade rotor in the heat exchange tube of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the penetrating concave-convex blade rotor in the heat exchange tube of the present invention;

In the figure, 1-screw blade, 2-disturbance shaft, 3-through hole, 4-hollow shaft, 5-ball socket boss, 6-groove, 7-ball socket concave table, 8-connected hole, 9 - heat exchange tube, 10- pendant, 11- limiter, 12- shaft

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 5, the present invention relates to an implementation method of a through-type concave-convex blade rotor in a heat exchange tube. Two rotors are connected in series through the rotating shaft 12, the limiting member 11 divides the plurality of rotors into several groups of rotor strings, the hanging member 10 is fixed at both ends of the heat exchange tube 9, and the two ends of the rotating shaft 12 are respectively fixed on the hanging member 10, the present invention The rotor is composed of a certain number of helical blades 1 fixed on the surface of the hollow shaft 4. The backwater surface of the helical blades 1 is provided with grooves 6 along the helical direction of the blades; there are holes in the cross-section of the blades, and the holes are arranged along the helical direction of the blades. direction, through the entire blade, to form a through hole 3, the thickness of the through hole formed on the blade is the spoiler shaft 2, and the hollow shaft 4 is also provided with a ball-and-socket boss 5, a ball-and-socket recess 7 and A hole 8 communicating with the inner hole of the hollow shaft 4 . Among two adjacent rotors, the ball-socket boss 5 at the head of the hollow shaft 4 of one rotor is combined with the ball-socket recess 7 at the tail of the other rotor to connect and adjust them to be coaxial. This structure is also A flexible connection structure that can adapt to the bend of the heat exchange tube 9. In addition to the ball-and-socket method, the structure can also use the conical method, the buckle method and the direction joint method. A planar structure can be used.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, Figure 1 is a front view of the through-type concave-convex blade rotor in the heat exchange tube of the present invention; Figure 2 is a top view of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of Figure 1, the through-type concave-convex blade rotor There is a spoiler axis on the upstream surface, and three grooves on the backwater surface, and the distance between two adjacent grooves is different. The blade is provided with a through hole. The cross section of the through hole is elliptical. The axis center is offset by a certain distance.

In the present invention, when the heat transfer fluid in the heat exchange tube 9 flows through the helical blade 1, it will generate an axial force on the rotor. Under the action of fluid propulsion, the entire rotor is driven to rotate, which enhances the tangential flow of the heat transfer fluid, thereby achieving the purpose of enhancing heat transfer and preventing the formation and deposition of dirt. At the same time, during the rotation of the spiral blade 1, the heat transfer fluid will The upstream surface of the helical blade 1 is further disturbed by the turbulence shaft 2, and the concave and convex effect of the groove 6 on the back surface of the helical blade 1 increases the radial and tangential velocity of the fluid on both sides of the blade and enhances the turbulence effect. In addition, during the rotation process of the rotor, relying on the suspension force of the fluid to the through hole 3 when the fluid flows through the through hole 3, the rotor has a self-suspension function during the rotation process, and can achieve good self-centering when rotating in the fluid function, thereby avoiding the scraping effect between the top of the spiral blade 1 and the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 9, and prolonging the service life of the rotor. The fluid flowing out of the through hole 3 and the fluid between the pipe wall and the blade gap pass through each rotor, and the four separated fluids are remixed, which greatly strengthens the quality and energy exchange between the various parts of the fluid in the pipe, and further realizes anti-scaling Descaling and enhanced heat transfer. By changing the helix angle of the helical blade 1 along the axial direction of the hollow shaft 4, the axial length, the height along the radial direction of the hollow shaft 4, the number of spoiler shafts 2 on the blade, and the angle between the spoiler shaft 2 and the hollow shaft 4 , the axial length of the spoiler shaft 2 along the hollow shaft 4, the number of grooves 6, the angle between the groove 6 and the hollow shaft 4, the axial length of the groove 6 along the hollow shaft 4, the position of the through hole 3 and The size is used to change the rotational torque of the fluid on the rotor, so that the rotor rotates smoothly in the heat exchange tube 9.

Claims (10)

1. The rotor with concave-convex blades through the heat exchange tube is characterized in that: it is mainly composed of a hollow shaft and a helical blade, the helical blade is located on the surface of the hollow shaft, the outer diameter of the helical blade is smaller than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube, and the blade is helical around the hollow shaft. And the backwater surface of the spiral blade is provided with a groove structure along the spiral direction of the blade; there is a hole in the cross section of the blade, and the hole extends along the spiral direction of the blade and runs through the entire blade to form a through hole. The wall thickness of the through hole is greater than that on the blade. The formed protrusion is the spoiler shaft; the edge of the helical blade first in contact with the water flow is chamfered or rounded, and the end of the hollow shaft away from the water inlet is evenly opened in the circumferential direction to communicate with the inner hole of the hollow shaft. hole. 2. The rotor with concave-convex blades penetrating through heat exchange tubes according to claim 1, wherein the number of helical blades uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the hollow shaft is two, three or more. 3. The through-type concave-convex blade rotor in the heat exchange tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of spoiler shafts on the water-facing surface of the helical blade is one, two or more, and the spoiler shaft and the hollow shaft Parallel or at a certain angle, and the distances between adjacent spoiler axes are equal or distributed in a certain proportion. 4. According to claim 1, the through-type concave-convex blade rotor in the heat exchange tube is characterized in that: the number of grooves on the backwater surface of the helical blade is one, two or more, and the grooves are parallel to the hollow shaft or form a certain angle, and the distances between adjacent grooves are equal or distributed in a certain proportion. 5. The through-type concave-convex blade rotor in the heat exchange tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cross-sectional shape of the through-hole is circular or elliptical, and the number of through-holes corresponding to a single spoiler axis is one or two or more, the cross-sectional center of the through hole coincides with the center of the spoiler shaft cross-section or deviates by a certain distance. 6. The rotor with concave-convex blades penetrating through heat exchange tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two ends of the hollow shaft of the rotor are provided with coaxial structures, and several penetrating shafts are installed on the rotating shaft between the two pendants. Rotor, the two ends of the hollow shaft of the rotor are provided with a ball-and-socket type, a conical type, a buckle type or a universal joint type coaxial structure, and the position, number, and axial The length and angle with the hollow shaft can be the same or different. 7. The rotor with concave-convex blades penetrating through heat exchange tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cross-sectional shape of the hollow shaft of the rotor is hollow conical, hollow cylindrical, hollow corrugated or hollow polygonal. 8. The rotor with concave-convex blades penetrating through heat exchange tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hollow shaft is evenly opened along the circumferential direction away from the water inlet end, and the cross-sectional shape communicating with the inner hole of the hollow shaft is Semicircular, oval, rectangular or trapezoidal holes. 9. The through-type concave-convex blade rotor in the heat exchange tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: the through-type concave-convex blade rotor can be connected end-to-end in a whole series on the connection axis, and the connection axis can be a rigid circle Rods can also be flexible soft ropes; they can also be divided into several groups with the same or different numbers of rotors through limiters. 10. The through-tube concave-convex blade rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the blades and the hollow shaft of the rotor are made of polymer materials, polymer-based composite materials, metals or ceramic materials.

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