The method of synthesis (R)-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4
Technical field
The invention belongs to medicinal chemistry art, relate to a kind of synthetic method of tenofovir disoproxil intermediate, relate to a kind of method of synthesis (R)-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 more specifically.
Background technology
In recent years, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) constantly spreads, the trend of existing pandemic disease, tenofovir disoproxil (tenofovir), chemical name: (R)-9-(2-phosphate methoxy propyl group) VITAMIN B4 two (butyloxycarbonyl oxygen methyl) ester is the nucleoside analog that FDA first approval is used for the treatment of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection, its importance obtains admitting of the World Health Organization, and is proposed as a line antiviral medication, and market demand is increasing.(R)-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 produces the key intermediate of tenofovir disoproxil; producing tenofovir disoproxil is generally Material synthesis (R)-9-(2-(two ethyl phosphoryl) methoxy-propyl) VITAMIN B4 with (R)-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4, then carries out two ethyl sloughing process obtained.(R)-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 is generally raw material with VITAMIN B4, reacts obtained in the basic conditions with propylene carbonate.But due to the existence of C-6 bit amino, make to create by product (R)-6-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 while generation (R)-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4, have a strong impact on the yield of this step reaction, and by product and target product separation difficulty, cause industrial operation difficulty to increase, have impact on the overall yield of tenofovir disoproxil product, restrict the development of such medicine.
(R) structure of-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 and (R)-6-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 is as follows:
(R)-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 (A) (R)-6-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 (B)
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of method of easy-operating synthesis (R)-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4, reduce the generation of by product (R)-6-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4, improve (R)-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 yield.
The method of synthesis of the present invention (R)-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4, step is as follows:
(1) primary amino acetylize:
VITAMIN B4 be dissolved in organic solvent, add alkali, catalyzer, stir, 0 ~ 10 DEG C drips diacetyl oxide; 80 ~ 85 DEG C of insulated and stirred reaction 6 ~ 10h obtain reaction solution;
(2) N-is hydroxypropylated:
Regulate reaction solution pH=9 ~ 10; Add propylene carbonate, 120 ~ 140 DEG C of stirring reaction 3-5h; Cool to 70 ~ 80 DEG C and add toluene stirring 2 ~ 3h, separation, drying, obtain solid product;
(3) deacetylation:
Joined by solid product in aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, 90 ~ 95 DEG C of stirring reaction 2 ~ 4h, are neutralized to pH=6 ~ 8 with concentrated hydrochloric acid after being down to room temperature, and separation, drying, obtain product.
Wherein:
Described organic solvent is one or more the arbitrary proportion mixing in DMF, N-Methyl pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO); Alkali is pyridine or triethylamine; Catalyzer is DMAP (DMAP); The mol ratio of VITAMIN B4, alkali, diacetyl oxide, propylene carbonate and catalyzer is: 1:(1 ~ 1.2): (1 ~ 1.2): (1 ~ 1.2): (0.1 ~ 0.11);
Described adjustment reacting liquid pH value sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or sodium hydroxide one wherein;
Described aqueous sodium hydroxide solution concentration is 0.1 ~ 8mol/L.
The reaction formula of this invention is as follows:
The present invention compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
Described synthesis (R)-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) method of VITAMIN B4 makes the selectivity of reaction greatly increase, avoid the generation of by product (R)-6-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4, product yield has brought up to more than 90%, significantly reduces the production cost of tenofovir disoproxil.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described further, but scope of the present invention is not by any restriction of embodiment.
Embodiment 1
In 250mL there-necked flask, add VITAMIN B4 (13.5g, 0.10mol), then add 40mLN, dinethylformamide, add pyridine (9.5g, 0.12mol) and DMAP (1.2g, 0.01mol), stir borehole cooling to 5 DEG C, drip diacetyl oxide (11.2g, 0.11mol), drip finish be warming up to 85 DEG C of stirring reactions 6 hours.Be down to room temperature, sodium carbonate adjusts pH=10, then adds propylene carbonate (12.2g, 0.12mol), is warming up to 130 DEG C of stirring reactions 4 hours.Be cooled to 70 DEG C; stir lower dropping 80mL toluene; then slowly room temperature is down under stirring; insulated and stirred 2 hours, suction filtration, 10mL toluene foam washing; dry; obtain (R)-6-ethanoyl-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 22.0g, yield 93.8%, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) purity 98.6%.
In 100mL there-necked flask, (R)-6-ethanoyl-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 (23.5g, 0.10mol); add 60mL massfraction 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution; be warming up to 90 DEG C of insulated and stirred and react 2 hours, be down to room temperature, concentrated hydrochloric acid is neutralized to pH=6; suction filtration; 20mL bubble filter wash cake, dry, obtain (R)-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 18.4g; yield 95.7%, HPLC purity 98.7%.
Embodiment 2
In 250mL there-necked flask, add VITAMIN B4 (13.5g, 0.10mol), then add 30mLN, dinethylformamide, 10mLN-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, add triethylamine (12.1g, 0.12mol) and DMAP (1.2g, 0.01mol), stir borehole cooling to 0 DEG C, drip diacetyl oxide (11.2g, 0.11mol), drip finish be warming up to 80-85 DEG C of stirring reaction 6 hours.Be down to room temperature, sodium carbonate adjusts pH=10, then adds propylene carbonate (12.2g, 0.12mol), is warming up to 135 DEG C of stirring reactions 3 hours.Be cooled to 75 DEG C, under insulated and stirred, drip 80mL toluene, be slowly down to room temperature under then stirring, stir 2 hours; suction filtration, 10mL toluene foam washing, dry; obtain (R)-6-ethanoyl-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 22.0g, yield 93.8%, HPLC purity 98.9%.
In 100mL there-necked flask, add (R)-6-ethanoyl-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 (23.5g, 0.10mol); add 60mL massfraction 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution; be warming up to 90 DEG C of insulated and stirred and react 2 hours, be down to room temperature, concentrated hydrochloric acid is neutralized to pH=7; suction filtration; 20mL bubble filter wash cake, dry, obtain (R)-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 18.7g; yield 96.8%, HPLC purity 99.0%.
Embodiment 3
In 250mL there-necked flask, add VITAMIN B4 (13.5g, 0.10mol), then add 20mLN, dinethylformamide, 20mLN-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, add triethylamine (12.1g, 0.12mol) and DMAP (1.2g, 0.01mol), stir borehole cooling to 0 DEG C, drip diacetyl oxide (12.2g, 0.12mol), drip finish be warming up to 80-85 DEG C of stirring reaction 6 hours.Be down to room temperature, sodium carbonate adjusts pH=9, then adds propylene carbonate (12.2g, 0.12mol), is warming up to 130 DEG C of stirring reactions 4 hours.Be cooled to 80 DEG C, under insulated and stirred, drip 80mL toluene, be slowly down to room temperature under then stirring, stir 2 hours; suction filtration, 10mL toluene foam washing, dry; obtain (R)-6-ethanoyl-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 21.2g, yield 90.3%, HPLC purity 98.2%.
In 100mL there-necked flask, add (R)-6-ethanoyl-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 (23.5g, 0.10mol); add 60mL massfraction 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution; be warming up to 90 DEG C of insulated and stirred and react 2 hours, be down to room temperature, concentrated hydrochloric acid is neutralized to pH=8; suction filtration; 20mL bubble filter wash cake, dry, obtain (R)-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 17.9g; yield 93.1%, HPLC purity 98.6%.
Embodiment 4
In 250mL there-necked flask, add VITAMIN B4 (13.5g, 0.10mol), then add 10mLN, dinethylformamide, 30mLN-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, add pyridine (9.5g, 0.12mol) and DMAP (1.2g, 0.01mol), stir borehole cooling to 5 DEG C, drip diacetyl oxide (11.2g, 0.11mol), drip finish be warming up to 80-85 DEG C of stirring reaction 8 hours.Be down to room temperature, sodium carbonate adjusts pH=9, then adds propylene carbonate (12.2g, 0.12mol), is warming up to 120 DEG C of stirring reactions 4 hours.Be cooled to 80 DEG C, under insulated and stirred, drip 80mL toluene, be slowly down to room temperature under then stirring, stir 2 hours; suction filtration, 10mL toluene foam washing, dry; obtain (R)-6-ethanoyl-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 23.1g, yield 98.5%, HPLC purity more than 98%.
In 100mL there-necked flask, add (R)-6-ethanoyl-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 (23.5g, 0.10mol); add 60mL massfraction 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution; be warming up to 90 DEG C of insulated and stirred and react 2 hours, be down to room temperature, concentrated hydrochloric acid is neutralized to pH=7; suction filtration; 20mL bubble filter wash cake, dry, obtain (R)-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 17.9g; yield 92.9%, HPLC purity 98.8%.
Embodiment 5
In 250mL there-necked flask, add VITAMIN B4 (13.5g, 0.10mol), then add 20mLN-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 10mL dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 10mLN, dinethylformamide, add triethylamine (12.1g, 0.12mol) and DMAP (1.2g, 0.01mol), stir borehole cooling to 5 DEG C, drip diacetyl oxide (11.2g, 0.11mol), drip finish be warming up to 80-85 DEG C of stirring reaction 9 hours.Be down to room temperature, sodium bicarbonate adjusts pH=10, then adds propylene carbonate (12.2g, 0.12mol), is warming up to 140 DEG C of stirring reactions 4 hours.Be cooled to 75 DEG C, under insulated and stirred, drip 80mL toluene, be slowly down to room temperature under then stirring, stir 2 hours; suction filtration, 10mL toluene foam washing, dry; obtain (R)-6-ethanoyl-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 21.5g, yield 91.6%, HPLC purity more than 98%.
In 100mL there-necked flask, add (R)-6-ethanoyl-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 (23.5g, 0.10mol); add 60mL massfraction 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution; be warming up to 93 DEG C of insulated and stirred and react 2 hours, be down to room temperature, concentrated hydrochloric acid is neutralized to pH=7; suction filtration; 20mL bubble filter wash cake, dry, obtain (R)-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 18.2g; yield 94.8%, HPLC purity 98.9%.
Embodiment 6
In 250mL there-necked flask, add VITAMIN B4 (13.5g, 0.10mol), then add 40mLN-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, add pyridine (9.5g, 0.12mol) with DMAP (1.2g, 0.01mol), stir borehole cooling to 5 DEG C, drip diacetyl oxide (11.2g, 0.11mol), drip finish be warming up to 80-85 DEG C of stirring reaction 7 hours.Be down to room temperature, sodium bicarbonate adjusts pH=10, then adds propylene carbonate (12.2g, 0.12mol), is warming up to 125 DEG C of stirring reactions 4 hours.Be cooled to 80 DEG C, under insulated and stirred, drip 80mL toluene, be slowly down to room temperature under then stirring, stir 2 hours; suction filtration, 10mL toluene foam washing, dry; obtain (R)-6-ethanoyl-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 22.9g, yield 97.6%, HPLC purity more than 98%.
In 100mL there-necked flask, add (R)-6-ethanoyl-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 (23.5g, 0.10mol); add 60mL massfraction 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution; be warming up to 93 DEG C of insulated and stirred and react 2 hours, be down to room temperature, concentrated hydrochloric acid is neutralized to pH=7; suction filtration; 20mL bubble filter wash cake, dry, obtain (R)-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 18.4g; yield 95.3%, HPLC purity 98.1%.
Embodiment 7
In 250mL there-necked flask, add VITAMIN B4 (13.5g, 0.10mol), then add 40mLN-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, add triethylamine (12.1g, 0.12mol) with DMAP (1.2g, 0.01mol), stir borehole cooling to 5 DEG C, drip diacetyl oxide (11.2g, 0.11mol), drip finish be warming up to 80-85 DEG C of stirring reaction 10 hours.Be down to room temperature, sodium bicarbonate adjusts pH=9, then adds propylene carbonate (12.2g, 0.12mol), is warming up to 130 DEG C of stirring reactions 4 hours.Be cooled to 70 DEG C, under insulated and stirred, drip 80mL toluene, be slowly down to room temperature under then stirring, stir 2 hours; suction filtration, 10mL toluene foam washing, dry; obtain (R)-6-ethanoyl-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 21.9g, yield 93.4%, HPLC purity more than 98%.
In 100mL there-necked flask, add (R)-6-ethanoyl-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 (23.5g, 0.10mol); add 60mL massfraction 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution; be warming up to 93 DEG C of insulated and stirred and react 2 hours, be down to room temperature, concentrated hydrochloric acid is neutralized to pH=7; suction filtration; 20mL bubble filter wash cake, dry, obtain (R)-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 18.9g; yield 97.7%, HPLC purity 99.2%.
Embodiment 8
In 250mL there-necked flask, add VITAMIN B4 (13.5g, 0.10mol), then add 40mL dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), add pyridine (9.5g, 0.12mol) with DMAP (1.2g, 0.01mol), stir borehole cooling to 5 DEG C, drip diacetyl oxide (11.2g, 0.11mol), drip finish be warming up to 80-85 DEG C of stirring reaction 8 hours.Be down to room temperature, sodium hydroxide adjusts pH=9, then adds propylene carbonate (12.2g, 0.12mol), is warming up to 125 DEG C of stirring reactions 4 hours.Be cooled to 80 DEG C, under insulated and stirred, drip 80mL toluene, be slowly down to room temperature under then stirring, stir 2 hours; suction filtration, 10mL toluene foam washing, dry; obtain (R)-6-ethanoyl-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 21.7g, yield 92.5%, HPLC purity more than 98%.
In 100mL there-necked flask, add (R)-6-ethanoyl-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 (23.5g, 0.10mol); add 60mL massfraction 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution; be warming up to 95 DEG C of insulated and stirred and react 2 hours, be down to room temperature, concentrated hydrochloric acid is neutralized to pH=7; suction filtration; 20mL bubble filter wash cake, dry, obtain (R)-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 18.7g; yield 97.1%, HPLC purity 99.5%.
Embodiment 9
Embodiment 3 is in 250mL there-necked flask, add VITAMIN B4 (13.5g, 0.10mol), then add 20mL dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 20mLN-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, add triethylamine (12.1g, 0.12mol) with DMAP (1.2g, 0.01mol), stir borehole cooling to 5 DEG C, drip diacetyl oxide (11.2g, 0.11mol), drip finish be warming up to 80 DEG C of stirring reactions 6 hours.Be down to room temperature, sodium hydroxide adjusts pH=9, then adds propylene carbonate (12.2g, 0.12mol), is warming up to 135 DEG C of stirring reactions 4 hours.Be cooled to 70 DEG C, under insulated and stirred, drip 80mL toluene, be slowly down to room temperature under then stirring, stir 2 hours; suction filtration, 10mL toluene foam washing, dry; obtain (R)-6-ethanoyl-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 21.7g, yield 92.5%, HPLC purity 98.4%.
In 100mL there-necked flask, add (R)-6-ethanoyl-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 (23.5g, 0.10mol); add 60mL massfraction 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution; be warming up to 95 DEG C of insulated and stirred and react 2 hours, be down to room temperature, concentrated hydrochloric acid is neutralized to pH=7; suction filtration; 20mL bubble filter wash cake, dry, obtain (R)-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 18.7g; yield 96.9%, HPLC purity 99.3%.
Embodiment 10
In 250mL there-necked flask, add VITAMIN B4 (13.5g, 0.10mol), then add 40mL dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), add pyridine (9.5g, 0.12mol) with DMAP (1.2g, 0.01mol), stir borehole cooling to 5 DEG C, drip diacetyl oxide (12.2g, 0.12mol), drip finish be warming up to 85 DEG C of stirring reactions 8 hours.Be down to room temperature, sodium hydroxide adjusts pH=10, then adds propylene carbonate (12.2g, 0.12mol), is warming up to 130 DEG C of stirring reactions 4 hours.Be cooled to 80 DEG C, under insulated and stirred, drip 80mL toluene, be slowly down to room temperature under then stirring, stir 2 hours; suction filtration, 10mL toluene foam washing, dry; obtain (R)-6-ethanoyl-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 21.6g, yield 92.1%, HPLC purity 99.1%.
In 100mL there-necked flask, add (R)-6-ethanoyl-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 (23.5g, 0.10mol); add 60mL massfraction 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution; be warming up to 95 DEG C of insulated and stirred and react 2 hours, be down to room temperature, concentrated hydrochloric acid is neutralized to pH=7; suction filtration; 20mL bubble filter wash cake, dry, obtain (R)-9-(2-hydroxypropyl) VITAMIN B4 18.7g; yield 96.9%, HPLC purity 98.2%.