CN103406601A - Vertical-type five-shaft linkage gear hobbing machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a vertical five-axis linkage gear hobbing machine tool, which includes a frame, a hob frame is set on the frame through a column, a hob is arranged on the hob frame, a first servo motor is connected to the hob, and a second servo motor is connected to the hob. The servo motor is connected to the column; the workbench is set on the frame through the bracket, and the third servo motor for driving the tooth blank of the workpiece to be processed to rotate around its own axis is set on the workbench, the fourth servo motor is connected to the workbench, and the fifth servo The motor is connected to the bracket; the axis of the tooth blank of the workpiece to be processed is perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the worktable. The device provided by the invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, can process non-circular gears with high efficiency and high precision, and is suitable for hobbing medium-sized and small non-circular gears or helical non-circular gears.

Description

A vertical five-axis linkage hobbing machine tool

technical field

The invention relates to a vertical five-axis linkage hobbing machine tool, which belongs to the technical field of gear hobbing machine tools.

Background technique

As we all know, there is no CNC gear hobbing machine tool that can produce non-circular gears professionally and efficiently in China at present. Wire cutting or CNC gear shaping machine tools are generally used for the processing of non-circular gears, and non-circular gears with low precision can also be processed. It is processed by approximate milling methods, but these processing methods are not efficient, the accuracy is limited, and they cannot process helical non-circular gears. With the improvement of the modern machinery industry's requirements for transmission stability, low noise, etc., and the consideration of rapid design, the advantages of helical non-circular gears in these aspects are attracting more and more attention and attention from scholars at home and abroad. It is also becoming more and more widespread, so there is an urgent demand for processing machine tools that can mass produce helical and non-circular gears.

The existing hobbing methods for helical non-circular gears mainly include four-axis simultaneous hobbing processing methods and five-axis simultaneous gear hobbing processing methods. The same helical non-circular gear requires a longer hob length and a larger axial feed displacement than the five-axis linkage, so it is suitable for processing small helical non-circular gears. Five-axis simultaneous machining is not limited by the length of the four-axis simultaneous gear hobbing hob, the large change in cutting amount, and the larger axial feed displacement, so it is especially suitable for processing large helical non-circular gears.

Gear hobbing machine tools can be divided into two categories: horizontal and vertical according to their structural layout. Generally speaking, because the direction of gravity of the workpiece is the supporting frame of the vertical gear hobbing machine, its force is good and it is suitable for processing large and heavy gears. Gear processing; the horizontal gear hobbing machine mainly relies on the radial force of the shaft to support the weight of the gear blank. When the workpiece is large, the force on the shaft is large and the axial direction is easy to deform, so it is not suitable for processing large gears, but its structure is flexible and light. The response is fast and the price is low, so it is especially suitable for the processing of small gears.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a vertical five-axis gear hobbing machine tool capable of processing non-circular gears with high efficiency and high precision.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a vertical five-axis linkage hobbing machine tool, which is characterized in that: it includes a frame, the hob frame is set on the frame through a column, and the hob frame is equipped with Hob, the first servo motor is connected to the hob, the second servo motor is connected to the column; the workbench is set on the frame through the bracket, and the third servomotor for driving the tooth blank of the workpiece to be processed to rotate around its own axis is set on the workbench Above, the fourth servo motor is connected to the workbench, and the fifth servo motor is connected to the bracket; the axis of the tooth blank of the workpiece to be processed is perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the workbench.

Preferably, the second servo motor is connected to the column through a ball screw.

Preferably, the fourth servo motor is connected to the worktable through a ball screw.

Preferably, the fifth servo motor is connected to the bracket through a ball screw.

When the vertical five-axis linkage hobbing machine tool provided by the present invention is working, the first servo motor drives the hob to rotate around its own axis; the second servo motor drives the ball screw to drive the column, and the movement of the column drives the hob frame to move The hob feeds along the axial direction of the gear blank; the third servo motor drives the gear blank to rotate around its own axis; the fourth servo motor drives the worktable so that the gear blank installed on the worktable changes along its center and the center of the hob; the fifth servo The motor drives the ball screw, and the moving nut on the ball screw is connected with the bracket as a whole, thus driving the bracket to move, and the worktable moves tangentially along the gear blank.

The device provided by the invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, can process non-circular gears with high efficiency and high precision, and is suitable for hobbing medium-sized and small non-circular gears or helical non-circular gears.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vertical five-axis gear hobbing machine tool provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the numerical control system of the vertical five-axis linkage hobbing machine tool provided by the present invention, which is suitable for the numerical control hobbing of convex curve helical non-circular gears.

Detailed ways

In order to make the present invention more comprehensible, a preferred embodiment is described in detail below with accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a vertical five-axis gear hobbing machine tool provided by the present invention. The vertical five-axis gear hobbing machine tool includes a frame 10, and the hob frame is installed on the frame 10 through a column 8, and the hob The frame and the column 8 are fixedly connected, the hob 2 is installed on the hob frame, the first servo motor 3 is connected to the hob 2, the second servo motor 4 is connected to the column 8, and the entire column part is arranged on one side of the frame 10; the bracket 6 is installed on the other side of the frame 10, the workbench is installed on the bracket 6, and the third servo motor 5 for driving the tooth blank 1 of the workpiece to be processed to rotate around its own axis is installed on the workbench, and the fourth servo motor 7 Connect the workbench, the fifth servo motor 9 connects the bracket 6. The angle β±λ is the installation angle of the hob 2, and the specific "+" or "-" sign needs to be determined according to the actual processing method.

The tooth blank 1 is installed on the worktable, and the installation of the tooth blank 1 is a vertical installation, that is, the axis of the tooth blank 1 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the worktable.

The first servo motor 3 drives the hob 2 to rotate around its own axis; the second servo motor 4 drives the ball screw to drive the column 8, and the movement of the column 8 drives the hob frame to move the hob 2 along the axial direction of the gear blank 1; The third servo motor 5 drives the gear blank 1 to rotate around its own axis; the fourth servo motor 7 drives the worktable, so that the tooth blank 1 installed on the worktable changes along its center and the center of the hob 2; the fifth servo motor 9 drives the ball screw , the moving nut on the ball screw is connected to the bracket 6 as a whole, thereby driving the bracket 6 to move, and the worktable moves tangentially along the gear blank 1 .

The rotation of the hob 2 around its own axis and the rotation of the gear blank 1 around its own axis are directly driven by a servo motor or an electric spindle, and the movement of the column 8, worktable and bracket 6 is driven by a ball screw driven by the servo motor.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the numerical control system adapted to the numerical control hobbing of convex curve helical non-circular gears according to the present invention, O ₀ , X ₀ , Y ₀ , Z ₀ constitute the original three-dimensional coordinates, O ₁ , X ₁ , Y ₁ , Z ₁ constitute the three-dimensional coordinates after movement. The system is composed of workbench, hob frame, hob, frame and other components, including the rotary motion A of the gear blank around the Z ₁ axis, the rotary motion B of the hob around its own axis, and the working table along the The relative translational movement C in the Y ₀ direction, the relative translational movement D of the hob along the X ₀ direction when the gear blank rotates, and the feed movement E of the hob along the axial direction of the gear blank. The above-mentioned five degrees of freedom movements form a strict linkage relationship in the process of processing, that is, each movement must perform constant speed and variable speed movement according to a given rule, and the rotary motion of the gear blank when the hob feeds along the axial direction A and B contain the additional motion caused by the axial feed motion D of the hob along the gear blank.

The vertical five-axis linkage hobbing machine tool provided by the present invention is mainly aimed at processing non-circular gears, especially helical non-circular gears, and is suitable for processing non-circular gears of medium size (maximum pole diameter 100-600mm), especially suitable for five Axis linkage hobbing method for non-circular gears; for small (maximum pole diameter below 100mm) helical non-circular gears, five-axis or four-axis linkage hobbing method can also be used for hobbing on this machine tool.

When machining medium-sized non-circular gears or helical non-circular gears, the five-axis hobbing method is used on the machine tool. The specific process can be divided into two steps:

1) The hob does not feed along the axial direction of the gear blank, that is, when the hob hobs along the circumference of the gear blank, the four-axis linkage, that is: the hob moves around its own axis, the gear blank moves around its own axis, the hob and The displacement of the center distance of the tooth blank changes, and the hob moves tangentially along the circumference of the tooth blank. This cutting movement is the most important cutting movement;

2) When the hob feeds along the axial direction of the gear blank, the motion state becomes five-axis linkage, that is: the movement of the hob along the axial direction of the gear blank, the movement of the hob around its own axis, and the movement of the gear blank around its own axis , The displacement change of the center distance between the hob and the gear blank, and the tangential movement of the hob along the circumference of the gear blank, because the axial feed is only carried out after the hob completes cutting along the circumference of the gear blank, so this hobbing cutting movement is not the most optimal Primary cutting motion.

When processing small non-circular gears or helical non-circular gears, four-axis linkage hobbing can also be used at this time, and the specific process is divided into two steps:

1) The hob does not feed along the axial direction of the gear blank, that is, when the hob is hobbing along the circumference of the gear blank, the gear hobbing is performed in three-axis linkage, that is: the hob moves around its own axis, the gear blank moves around its own axis, hobbing The displacement of the center distance between the knife and the gear blank changes, and this cutting motion is the most important cutting motion;

2) When the hob feeds along the axial direction of the gear blank, the motion state at this time plus the movement of the hob around its own axis, the movement of the gear blank around its own axis, and the linkage between the displacement change of the center distance between the hob and the gear blank become four-axis Linkage, this hobbing cutting motion is not the most important cutting motion.

Claims (4)

1. vertical five axle gear hobbing machining tool, it is characterized in that: comprise frame (10), hob head is located on frame (10) by column (8), hob head is provided with hobboing cutter (2), the first servomotor (3) connects hobboing cutter (2), and the second servomotor (4) connects column (8); Workbench is located on frame (10) by carriage (6), for driving workpiece to be processed tooth base (1), be located at workbench around the 3rd servomotor (5) from the axle rotation, the 4th servomotor (7) connecting working table, the 5th servomotor (9) connects carriage (6); Workpiece to be processed tooth base (1) axis is vertical with the driving water plane.

2. a kind of vertical five axle gear hobbing machining tool as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: by ball screw, be connected between described the second servomotor (4) and column (8).

3. a kind of vertical five axle gear hobbing machining tool as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: by ball screw, be connected between described the 4th servomotor (7) and workbench.

4. a kind of vertical five axle gear hobbing machining tool as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: by ball screw, be connected between described the 5th servomotor (9) and carriage (6).

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