CN103406286B - Online grading method for external quality of fruit based on LabVIEW - Google Patents
Online grading method for external quality of fruit based on LabVIEW Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an online grading method for the external quality of a fruit based on LabVIEW. The online grading method is characterized in that a LabVIEW mounted computer, a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), an image acquiring device, a conveying device and a grading device are provided in the method. The online upgrading method comprises the following steps of firstly, controlling the image acquiring device to shoot a fruit image to be tested in real time through LabVIEW, and then, calling an IMAQ (Image Acquisition) toolbox to analyze the size, shape, defect point and color of each fruit image to obtain a grading result; and conveying fruits to ports of chutes with corresponding grades through the conveying device, sending a control character for controlling the grading device to the PLC by the LabVIEW to enable a pneumatic executive component to act to push the fruits into the chutes with the corresponding grades to finish the grading operation. The external quality of the fruit is graded by using the method; and compared with the traditional grading method, the online grading method has the advantages of low cost, high speed and precision, interface friendliness, convenience in use and maintenance and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fruit external sort stage division, especially based on the fruit external sort stage division of LabVIEW.
Background technology
China's Fruit industry develops rapidly through reform and opening-up for 30 years, has become world's fruit first big producing country, through hundred million tons of fruit total output.Analyze one by one from the whole industry chain (supply chain) of national fruit, the current problem affecting quality and price benefit, mainly occur in product and change in the operation of commodity.Treat fruit quality control theory on relatively lag behind, be current impact Chinese Fruit industry system benefit promote the shortest " short slab ".As can be seen here, utilize advanced equipment and technology for detection fruit quality to fruit graded, control the task of top priority that fruit quality becomes agricultural automation development.
Current fruit quality detection many employings manual detection and mechanical type classification.Manual detection is time-consuming, inefficiency not only, and the technical merit of order and inspector self, experience have very large relation, becomes a bottleneck factor of restriction working (machining) efficiency.Traditional mechanical type classification technique just carries out classification according to the size of fruit, weight, utilizes the cavity on conveyer belt or conveying roller or gap fruit to be divided into limited several class.The usual structure of this kind of stage division is simple, but during classification may due to collision damaged fruit, general only insensitive and the fruit of processing further will be made to mechanical load for those thereupon.
Therefore in conjunction with computer technology and Electrical Control Technology, the fruit quality stage division that development cost is cheap, speed is fast, efficiency is high is significant.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of fruit external sort stage division based on LabVIEW, the method can realize the online classification to fruit external sort.
The method comprises computer, PLC, image collecting device, conveyer and grading plant that LabVIEW is housed.The instrument that the present invention utilizes LabVIEW powerful connects and its communication ability, sets up fruit external sort classification platform in a computer, completes fruit image Real-time Obtaining, attributional analysis and classification.First image collecting device captured in real-time fruit image to be measured is controlled by LabVIEW; Then call IMAQ and size, shape, defect point and color analysis are carried out to fruit image, obtain classification results; Fruit is transported to the hopper mouth of corresponding grade by conveyer, sends control character and controls grading plant, make pneumatic apparatus action, pushed by fruit in the hopper of corresponding grade, thus complete classification by LabVIEW to PLC.
Described image collecting device is by photoelectric sensor, and light box, camera forms, and by the position of photoelectric sensor Real-Time Monitoring fruit, once fruit arrives the optimum position of shooting, with regard to caller shooting fruit photo, completes the acquisition of fruit image.
Described conveyer is by 1500mm × 67mm × 2mm conveyer belt, and three-phase alternating current reducing motor, AC380V, output speed 130r/min, rolling bearing, roller forms, and completes the transmission of fruit.
Described grading plant is by photoelectric sensor, magnetic valve, pusher cylinder, and hopper forms.When fruit arrives the hopper mouth of corresponding grade, photoelectric sensor exports high level, and LabVIEW sends command character by VISA interface to PLC and controls corresponding magnetic valve, thus makes pusher cylinder perform classification action, material is pushed hopper, completes the classification of fruit.
Fruit external sort classification man-machine interface of the present invention, described also comprises man-machine interface, and it has the function of checking captured fruit original image; It has the function of checking Analyzing on Size, shape analysis, defect point analysis and color analysis state; It has the function of amendment classification thresholds parameter and classification results.
Fruit external sort mainly refers to size, shape, defect point and color.The present invention also can expand to detection and the classification of other external sorts easily.System provided by the invention combines computer technology and Electrical Control Technology, with low cost, speed is fast, efficiency is high, has great importance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system architecture schematic diagram of the present invention;
1. light box 2.CCD camera 3. charging photoelectric sensor 4. belt conveyor line 5. is equipped with computer 6. communication module 7.PLC8. three-phase alternating current reducing motor 9. classification mechanism of LabVIEW
Fig. 2 is system cloud gray model schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is software flow pattern of the present invention;
The front panel processed sized by Fig. 4;
The flow chart processed sized by Fig. 5;
Fig. 6 is the front panel of shape analysis;
Fig. 7 is the flow chart of shape analysis;
Fig. 8 is the front panel that defect point is analyzed;
Fig. 9 is the flow chart that defect point is analyzed;
Figure 10 is the front panel of color analysis;
Figure 11 is the flow chart of color analysis.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
System architecture schematic diagram of the present invention described in Fig. 1, this system comprises computer, PLC, image collecting device, conveyer and grading plant that LabVIEW is housed.The instrument that the present invention utilizes LabVIEW powerful connects and its communication ability, sets up fruit external sort classification platform in a computer, completes fruit image Real-time Obtaining, attributional analysis and classification.First image collecting device captured in real-time fruit image to be measured is controlled by LabVIEW; Then call IMAQ and size, shape, defect point and color analysis are carried out to fruit image, obtain classification results; Fruit is transported to the hopper mouth of corresponding grade by conveyer, sends control character and controls grading plant, make pneumatic apparatus action, pushed by fruit in the hopper of corresponding grade, thus complete classification by LabVIEW to PLC.
Described image collecting device is made up of light box 1, CCD camera 2 and photoelectric sensor 3, and the computer 5 that LabVIEW is housed calls fruit image and carries out attributional analysis and classification judgement.Described conveyer by 1500mm × 67mm × 2mm belt conveyor line 4, three-phase alternating current reducing motor 8(AC380V, output speed 130r/min), rolling bearing, roller form, complete the transmission of fruit.Described classification mechanism 9 is by photoelectric sensor, magnetic valve, pusher cylinder, and hopper forms, and classification results is sent command character by the VISA interface of communication module 6 to PLC7 by the computer 5 that LabVIEW is housed, and is realized the classification of fruit by classification mechanism 9.
System cloud gray model schematic diagram of the present invention described in Fig. 2, the position of photoelectric sensor Real-Time Monitoring fruit, once fruit arrives the optimum position of shooting, CCD camera is taken pictures, and completes the acquisition of fruit image.LabVIEW calls IMAQ and carries out size, shape, defect point and color analysis to fruit image, thus obtains classification results.Fruit is transported to the hopper mouth of corresponding grade by conveyer, photoelectric sensor exports high level, LabVIEW sends command character by VISA interface to PLC and controls corresponding magnetic valve, make pneumatic apparatus action, fruit is pushed in the hopper of corresponding grade, completes the external sort classification of fruit.
Shown in Fig. 3 is software flow pattern of the present invention, and the course of work is as follows:
(1) communication check, checks whether correct PLC communicates with host computer.
(2) whether fruit charging photoelectric sensor constantly detects has fruit to pass through.If do not have fruit process, charging photoelectric sensor continues to detect, once there be fruit process, then carries out next step.
(3) the corresponding input coil of PLC becomes high level.LabVIEW reads the state of PLC input coil, calls camera simultaneously and to take pictures program, shooting fruit image.
(4) LabVIEW by IMAQ to fruit size, shape, defect point and color analysis.
Analyzing on Size: use IMAQ threshold function process image in flow chart.From image, get threshold values, only extract the pixel in image in threshold values, ignore the pixel outside threshold values, split image with this.Then use IMAQ FILLHOLE function to fill the space in the particle of image, finally utilize Particle Analysis to the particle point analysis in image.According to the adjacent classification of setting, node is analyzed particle point, obtains the information (specifically seeing Fig. 4-Fig. 5) in the number of particle, area, mesopore number, matter and direction.
Shape analysis: IMAQ Extract contour extracts single from coloured image, best profile, if image itself is with scale, profile out is so also with yardstick.IMAQ FIT CONTOUR calculates an approximate equation according to image outline, describes profile.If profile is with yardstick, equation will be corrected and reach position accurately.IMAQCONTOUR DISTANCE compares masterplate profile and objective contour, and calculates the distance between them.IMAQ OVERLAYCONTOUR covers outline line on image.Finally use self-defining sub-vi, be used for analyzing the edge angle etc. of profile, and carry out the analysis (Fig. 6-Fig. 7) of shape according to set value.
Defect point is analyzed: analyze the number of defect point and area, the threshold of image is first carried out in this program, image is split according to required threshold values, then respectively filling carried out to image and do not fill process, then defect point analysis is carried out, obtain the area with defect point and the area without defect point, subtract each other the area just drawing defect point.Then the ratio (Fig. 8-Fig. 9) of defect point is calculated.
Color analysis: adopt sequential organization, mainly utilize GET COLOR PROFIL function to carry out carrying out RGB analysis to the color of apple surface in first sequential organization, thus draw the value of its RGB.Employ call chain in program, return the chain of each called side from current VI to top layer VI.Element 0 in call chain array comprises the title of bottom VI in call chain.Further element is the called side of bottom VI in call chain.Last element of call chain array is the title of top layer VI.As current VI uses as sub-VI, by all VI calling this sub-VI of this function lookup.Utilize the information of IMAQ read reading images, to the Information Pull get line color profile process obtained, obtain the colouring information of the profile of upper strata vi process.Go average can draw the color (Figure 10-Figure 11) of apple to the rgb value of color.
(5) which kind of external sort of selection gist carries out classification, extracts characteristic of correspondence parameter, and calculates classification results, be delivered in Case Structure, send command character by VISA interface to PLC.
(6) judge the grade that fruit is corresponding, by pneumatic apparatus action, fruit is pushed in the hopper of corresponding grade, thus realize the classification of fruit.
Claims (5)
1., based on the online stage division of fruit external sort of LabVIEW, it is characterized in that comprising computer, PLC, image collecting device, conveyer and grading plant that LabVIEW is installed; First control image collecting device captured in real-time fruit image to be measured by LabVIEW, then call IMAQ and size, shape, defect point and color analysis are carried out to fruit image, obtain classification results; Fruit is transported to the hopper mouth of corresponding grade by conveyer, sends control character and controls grading plant, make pneumatic apparatus action, pushed by fruit in the hopper of corresponding grade by LabVIEW to PLC;
(1) communication check, checks whether correct PLC communicates with host computer:
(2) whether fruit charging photoelectric sensor constantly detects fruit process, if do not have fruit process, charging photoelectric sensor continues to detect, once there be fruit process, then carries out next step;
(3) the corresponding input coil of PLC becomes high level, and LabVIEW reads the state of PLC input coil, calls camera simultaneously and to take pictures program, shooting fruit image;
(4) LabVIEW by IMAQ to fruit size, shape, defect point and color analysis;
Analyzing on Size: use IMAQ threshold function process image in flow chart; From image, get threshold values, only extract the pixel in image in threshold values, ignore the pixel outside threshold values, split image with this; Then use IMAQ FILLHOLE function to fill the space in the particle of image, finally utilize Particle Analysis to the particle point analysis in image; According to the adjacent classification of setting, node is analyzed particle point, obtains the information in the number of particle, area, mesopore number, matter and direction;
Shape analysis: IMAQ Extract contour extracts single from coloured image, best profile, if image itself is with scale, profile out is so also with yardstick; IMAQ FIT CONTOUR calculates an approximate equation according to image outline, describes profile; If profile is with yardstick, equation will be corrected and reach position accurately; IMAQ CONTOUR DISTANCE compares masterplate profile and objective contour, and calculates the distance between them; IMAQ OVERLAY CONTOUR covers outline line on image; Finally use self-defining sub-VI, be used for analyzing the edge angle of profile, and carry out the analysis of shape according to set value;
Defect point is analyzed: analyze the number of defect point and area, the threshold of image is first carried out in this program, image is split according to required threshold values, then respectively filling carried out to image and do not fill process, then defect point analysis is carried out, obtain the area with defect point and the area without defect point, subtract each other the area just drawing defect point, then calculate the ratio of defect point;
Color analysis: adopt sequential organization, mainly utilize GET COLOR PROFIL function to carry out carrying out RGB analysis to the color of apple surface in first sequential organization, thus draw the value of its RGB; Employ call chain in program, return the chain of each called side from current VI to top layer VI; Element 0 in call chain array comprises the title of bottom VI in call chain; Further element is the called side of bottom VI in call chain; Last element of call chain array is the title of top layer VI; As current VI uses as sub-VI, by all VI calling this sub-VI of this function lookup; Utilize the information of IMAQ read reading images, to the Information Pull get line color profile process obtained, obtain the colouring information of the profile of upper strata VI process, go average can draw the color of apple to the rgb value of color;
(5) which kind of external sort of selection gist carries out classification, extracts characteristic of correspondence parameter, and calculates classification results, be delivered in Case Structure, send command character by VISA interface to PLC;
(6) judge the grade that fruit is corresponding, by pneumatic apparatus action, fruit is pushed in the hopper of corresponding grade, thus realize the classification of fruit.
2. the online stage division of fruit external sort according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described image collecting device is by photoelectric sensor, light box, camera forms, by the position of photoelectric sensor Real-Time Monitoring fruit, once fruit arrives the optimum position of shooting, with regard to caller shooting fruit photo, complete the acquisition of fruit image.
3. the online stage division of fruit external sort according to claim 1, is characterized in that described conveyer is by 1500mm × 67mm × 2mm conveyer belt, three-phase alternating current reducing motor, AC380V, output speed 130r/min, rolling bearing, roller forms, and completes the transmission of fruit.
4. the online stage division of fruit external sort according to claim 1, is characterized in that described grading plant is by photoelectric sensor, magnetic valve, pusher cylinder, and hopper forms; When fruit arrives the hopper mouth of corresponding grade, photoelectric sensor exports high level, and LabVIEW sends command character by VISA interface to PLC and controls corresponding magnetic valve, thus makes pusher cylinder perform classification action, material is pushed hopper, completes the classification of fruit.
5. fruit external sort according to claim 1 classification is at line method, it is characterized in that: also comprise man-machine interface, and it has the function of checking captured fruit original image; It has the function of checking Analyzing on Size, shape analysis, defect point analysis and color analysis state; It has the function of amendment classification thresholds parameter and classification results.
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