CN103406013B - Catalysis-free reduction method two-stage denitration device of circulating fluidized bed boiler - Google Patents
Catalysis-free reduction method two-stage denitration device of circulating fluidized bed boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN103406013B CN103406013B CN201310372226.XA CN201310372226A CN103406013B CN 103406013 B CN103406013 B CN 103406013B CN 201310372226 A CN201310372226 A CN 201310372226A CN 103406013 B CN103406013 B CN 103406013B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a catalysis-free reduction method two-stage denitration device of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, which belongs to the technical field of denitration of coal fired boilers. The two-stage denitration device adopts a denitration agent supply pump, a control valve and a metering system which are connected with denitration agent nozzles, and when the circulating fluidized bed boiler operates with low load, a layer or multiple layers of first denitration agent nozzles are arranged in a region (namely a lean-phase region) the flue gas temperature of which is not lower than 850 DEG C, and the top of a cyclone separator is provided with a group or multiple groups of second denitration agent nozzles. An automatic control device controls the spraying time and quantity of denitration agents from the first denitration agent nozzles and the second denitration agent nozzles through the denitration agent supply pump and the metering system. Two stages of the two-stage denitration device provided by the invention are automatically controlled to be switched on and off respectively according to the operation load of the circulating fluidized bed boiler and the flue-gas temperature variation in the cyclone separator, the smoke nitrogen oxide emission standard is met, and meanwhile, the denitration operating cost is reduced as far as possible.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of CFBB noncatalytic reduction two sections of denitrification apparatus, belong to coal-burning boiler denitration technology field.
Background technology
Traditional denitration scheme is selective non-catalytic reduction SNCR.This technology carrys out nitrogen oxides reduction by adding denitrfying agent such as liquefied ammonia or urea liquid in 850-1150 DEG C of flue gas, thus reduces the discharge capacity of nitrogen oxide (NOx).But its denitration efficiency is difficult to reach 50%, especially for large-sized boiler.Main cause is that denitration efficiency affects by following factor: 1) nitrogen oxide and denitrfying agent can not get sufficient mixing in boiler combustion indoor; 2) the flue-gas temperature skewness in denitration reaction region; 3) nitrogen oxide in denitration region and the ratio of denitrfying agent concentration do not mate.Therefore, traditional SNCR method can not meet nowadays to the strict demand of exhaustion of nitrogen oxides from coal-fired boiler amount.
Between 1970-1980, the developed countries such as America and Europe have developed a kind of new method of denitration, namely at the low-temperature region of about 300-400 DEG C, utilize catalytic materials to promote the reaction of nitrogen oxides in ammonia and flue gas, thus reach the object removing nitrogen oxide.At present, most large coal-fired power plant all adopts the method denitration.Namely between the economizer and air preheater at boiler flue rear portion, arrange selective catalytic reactor (SCR), this place's cigarette temperature drop is between 300-400 DEG C.Adopt the materials such as anhydrous ammonia, liquefied ammonia or urea as denitrfying agent, spray in flue gas by economizer exit, and enter selective catalytic reactor immediately.But the efficiency of selective catalytic reactor and performance restrict by various procedures factor: 1) catalytic specie life-span and reaction efficiency.Catalytic specie life-span length depends on flying dust concentration in flue gas, whether reaction by-product ammonium hydrogen sulfate is removed in time.Ammonium hydrogen sulfate has stronger viscosity and corrosivity, its very easily blocking catalyst after mixing with materials such as other flying dusts in flue gas.Practical experience shows, after denitrification apparatus runs 5000 hours, even if adopt best sweep-out method, the activity of catalyst will decline and be acceleration tendency; 2) plant construction cost is very high, set up and drawn and introduce flue, and flue gas also needs by one deck, two layers even catalyst of three layers, and cigarette resistance increases, and electricity consumption increases above 2%-3%, also needs 2-3 to change once expensive catalyst; 3) good SCR design can make cigarette temperature, dustiness, nitrogen oxide and the denitrfying agent concentration ratio in flue gas, is uniformly distributed when entering SCR catalyst; On the contrary, not good enough SCR design fails to reach equally distributed effect, also will reduce denitration efficiency, and is easy to form a large amount of ammonium hydrogen sulfates, greatly reduction catalyst service life.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of CFBB noncatalytic reduction two sections of denitrification apparatus, according to the flue-gas temperature in cyclone separator and flue gas NO
xemission request, intelligent opening denitrating system, by eddy current powerful in the unique location of denitrfying agent nozzle, abrasionproof design and cyclone separator, makes denitration reaction effect significantly improve, increases NO in flue gas
xwith the mixing of denitrfying agent with contact, to reach desirable denitration effect.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of CFBB noncatalytic reduction two sections of denitrification apparatus, comprise denitrfying agent storage area, denitrfying agent delivery measurement system and automaton, also comprise first paragraph denitrification apparatus and second segment denitrification apparatus, described denitrfying agent storage area adopts denitrfying agent storage tank and denitrfying agent air mix facilities to be connected in series, described denitrfying agent delivery measurement system adopts denitrfying agent supply pump, by-pass valve control is connected the first denitrfying agent nozzle and the second denitrfying agent nozzle with metering system, described first paragraph denitrification apparatus be when CFBB underrun flue-gas temperature be not less than (greater than or equal to) region (dilute-phase zone) of 850 DEG C, one or more layers the first denitrfying agent nozzle is set, second segment denitrification apparatus arranges one or more groups the second denitrfying agent nozzle, described automaton sprays the T/A of denitrfying agent through denitrfying agent supply pump and MEASUREMENT SYSTEM CONTROL first denitrfying agent nozzle, the second denitrfying agent nozzle.
Described automaton, according to the requirement of smoke temperature change in cyclone separator or denitration efficiency, controls open and close first paragraph denitrification apparatus (the first denitrfying agent nozzle), second segment denitrification apparatus (the second denitrfying agent nozzle) or open two sections of denitrification apparatus (the first denitrfying agent nozzle and the second denitrfying agent nozzle) simultaneously automatically.
Described denitrfying agent adopts liquefied ammonia, ammonia or urea.
Adopt technique scheme, when boiler is in BMCR, when flue-gas temperature in cyclone separator is higher than 830 DEG C, first paragraph denitrification apparatus is out of service, only run second segment denitrification apparatus, the strong eddy flow formed after utilizing flue gas to enter cyclone separator, fully mixes with denitrfying agent, and denitration efficiency can reach more than 60%; If boiler is in underrun, the flue-gas temperature in cyclone separator is lower than 830 DEG C, then second segment denitrification apparatus of stopping using, enables first paragraph denitrification apparatus.First paragraph denitrification apparatus denitration efficiency is generally no more than 50%, but because now pot in-furnace temperature is lower, NO
xgenerate corresponding less, first paragraph denitration can meet standard limit of smog release substantially.When denitration rate requires to reach higher, or when nitrous oxides concentration is higher (now flue-gas temperature is high usually, is in high load capacity or BMCR operation), while can running enabling second segment denitrification apparatus, partly or entirely enable first paragraph denitrification apparatus.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: this CFBB noncatalytic reduction two sections of denitrification apparatus adopt denitrfying agent supply pump, by-pass valve control is connected the first denitrfying agent nozzle and the second denitrfying agent nozzle with metering system, first paragraph denitrification apparatus be when CFBB underrun flue-gas temperature be not less than (greater than or equal to) region (dilute-phase zone) of 850 DEG C, arrange one or more layers the first denitrfying agent nozzle, second segment denitrification apparatus arranges one or more groups the second denitrfying agent nozzle.Automaton sprays the T/A of denitrfying agent through denitrfying agent supply pump and MEASUREMENT SYSTEM CONTROL first denitrfying agent nozzle, the second denitrfying agent nozzle.Two sections of denitrification apparatus can according to the smoke temperature change situation in CFBB operating load and cyclone separator, automatic control opens and closes two sections of denitrification apparatus respectively, while meeting flue gas nitrogen oxide discharge standard, reduce denitration operating cost as far as possible.The improvement cost of this device is suitable with traditional SNCR, but the comprehensive cost performance of denitration efficiency and denitration cost, more traditional SNCR is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of CFBB noncatalytic reduction two sections of denitration fundamental diagrams.
In figure: 1, denitrfying agent storage area, 1a, denitrfying agent storage tank, 1b, denitrfying agent air mix facilities, 2, denitrfying agent supply pump, 3, CFBB, 4, denitrfying agent pipeline, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, by-pass valve control, 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, metering system, the 7, first denitrfying agent nozzle, 8, the second denitrfying agent nozzle, 9, cyclone separator, 9a, central tube, 9b, smoke outlet flue, 10, feed back pipeline, 11, automaton.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows a kind of CFBB noncatalytic reduction two sections of denitration fundamental diagrams.In figure, CFBB noncatalytic reduction two sections of denitrification apparatus comprise denitrfying agent storage area 1, denitrfying agent delivery measurement system and automaton 11, also comprise first paragraph denitrification apparatus and second segment denitrification apparatus, denitrfying agent storage area 1 adopts denitrfying agent storage tank 1a and denitrfying agent air mix facilities 1b to be connected in series, denitrfying agent delivery measurement system adopts denitrfying agent supply pump 2, by-pass valve control is connected the first denitrfying agent nozzle 7 and the second denitrfying agent nozzle 8 with metering system, described first paragraph denitrification apparatus be when CFBB 3 underrun flue-gas temperature be not less than (greater than or equal to) region of 850 DEG C, one or more layers the first denitrfying agent nozzle 7 is set, second segment denitrification apparatus arranges one or more groups the second denitrfying agent nozzle 8 at cyclone separator 9 top.Automaton 11 sprays the T/A of denitrfying agent through denitrfying agent supply pump 2 and MEASUREMENT SYSTEM CONTROL first denitrfying agent nozzle 7, second denitrfying agent nozzle 8.Automaton 11, according to the requirement of smoke temperature change or denitration efficiency in cyclone separator 9, controls open and close first paragraph denitrification apparatus (the first denitrfying agent nozzle 7), second segment denitrification apparatus (the second denitrfying agent nozzle 8) or open two sections of denitrification apparatus (first denitrfying agent nozzle 7 and the second denitrfying agent nozzle 8) simultaneously automatically.Denitrfying agent adopts liquefied ammonia, ammonia or urea.
Adopt above-mentioned technical scheme, the region (dilute-phase zone) that flue-gas temperature is not less than 850 DEG C when CFBB underrun arranges one or more layers the first denitrfying agent nozzle 7; Prolong in cyclone separator top sides the annular region formed between central tube 9a and the second denitrfying agent nozzle 8 that one or more groups sprays denitrfying agent in cyclone separator 9 is set; First denitrfying agent nozzle 7, second denitrfying agent nozzle 8 is connected with denitrfying agent delivery measurement system, denitrfying agent storage area successively by pipeline.Denitrfying agent delivery measurement system is formed by connecting by denitrfying agent supply pump 2, by-pass valve control 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, metering system 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d; Denitrfying agent storage area is made up of denitrfying agent storage tank 1a and denitrfying agent air mix facilities 1b.
When boiler is in BMCR, when the flue-gas temperature in cyclone separator 9 is higher than 830 DEG C, first paragraph denitrification apparatus is out of service, only run second segment denitrification apparatus, the strong eddy flow formed after utilizing flue gas to enter cyclone separator 9, fully mix with denitrfying agent, denitration efficiency can reach more than 60%; If boiler is in underrun, the flue-gas temperature in cyclone separator 9 is lower than 830 DEG C, then second segment denitrification apparatus of stopping using, enables first paragraph denitrification apparatus.First paragraph denitrification apparatus denitration efficiency is generally no more than 50%, but because now pot in-furnace temperature is lower, NO
xgenerate corresponding less, first paragraph denitration can meet standard limit of smog release substantially.When denitration rate requires to reach higher, or when nitrous oxides concentration is higher (now flue-gas temperature is high usually, is in high load capacity or BMCR operation), while can running enabling second segment denitration, partly or entirely enable first paragraph denitration.
Adopt above-mentioned CFBB noncatalytic reduction two sections of denitrification apparatus, the installation site of its second denitrfying agent nozzle and angle, can improve denitration efficiency greatly; The layout of first paragraph denitrification apparatus, second segment denitrification apparatus and corresponding intelligence control system, can according to NO in discharge flue gas
xconcentration and cyclone separator 9 in smoke temperature change situation, automatic control and adjustment denitrating system, makes it to reach suitable denitration efficiency and the minimum effect of denitration operating cost.
Claims (3)
1. a CFBB noncatalytic reduction two sections of denitrification apparatus, comprise denitrfying agent storage area (1), denitrfying agent delivery measurement system and automaton (11), it is characterized in that: also comprise first paragraph denitrification apparatus and second segment denitrification apparatus, described denitrfying agent storage area (1) adopts denitrfying agent storage tank (1a) and denitrfying agent air mix facilities (1b) to be connected in series, described denitrfying agent delivery measurement system adopts denitrfying agent supply pump (2), by-pass valve control is connected the first denitrfying agent nozzle (7) and the second denitrfying agent nozzle (8) with metering system, described first paragraph denitrification apparatus is that flue-gas temperature is not less than the region of 850 DEG C when CFBB (3) underrun, one or more layers the first denitrfying agent nozzle (7) is set, second segment denitrification apparatus arranges one or more groups the second denitrfying agent nozzle (8) at cyclone separator (9) top, described automaton (11) sprays the T/A of denitrfying agent through denitrfying agent supply pump (2) and MEASUREMENT SYSTEM CONTROL first denitrfying agent nozzle (7), the second denitrfying agent nozzle (8).
2. a kind of CFBB noncatalytic reduction according to claim 1 two sections of denitrification apparatus, it is characterized in that: described automaton (11), according to the requirement of cyclone separator (9) interior smoke temperature change or denitration efficiency, controls open and close first paragraph denitrification apparatus, second segment denitrification apparatus or open two sections of denitrification apparatus simultaneously automatically.
3. a kind of CFBB noncatalytic reduction according to claim 1 two sections of denitrification apparatus, is characterized in that: described denitrfying agent adopts liquefied ammonia, ammonia or urea.
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| CN107875852B (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2024-08-23 | 天津盛世新源能源科技有限公司 | High efficiency boiler flue gas denitration system |
| CN111298643A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-06-19 | 西安华电清洁能源技术有限公司 | Be applicable to circulating fluidized bed boiler full load denitration control system |
| CN112870936B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-10-25 | 国家能源集团福建能源有限责任公司 | Denitration system of circulating fluidized bed boiler |
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| CN203458976U (en) * | 2013-08-24 | 2014-03-05 | 中能东讯新能源科技(大连)有限公司 | Non-catalytic reduction two-segment denitrification device of circulating fluidized bed boiler |
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