CN103399164A - System for rapidly measuring sulfate radical concentration on line - Google Patents
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- CN103399164A CN103399164A CN2013103566219A CN201310356621A CN103399164A CN 103399164 A CN103399164 A CN 103399164A CN 2013103566219 A CN2013103566219 A CN 2013103566219A CN 201310356621 A CN201310356621 A CN 201310356621A CN 103399164 A CN103399164 A CN 103399164A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system for rapidly measuring sulfate radical concentration on line. The system is capable of continuously, rapidly and accurately measuring the content of sulfate radical in a sample. The system comprises a sample injecting system, a reaction system and a detection system, wherein the sample injecting system comprises a first conveying device, a second conveying device, an eight-channel conversion valve, a precipitator container and a cleaning agent container, the first conveying device is provided with a first channel, a second channel and a sample guide pipe, the second conveying device is provided with a third channel and a fourth channel, the detection system comprises a data processing module and a spectrophotometer, the first channel, the second channel, the third channel, the fourth channel, the cleaning agent container and the precipitator container are respectively connected to the eight-channel conversion valve, the sample guide pipe and the eight-channel conversion valve are connected to the reaction system through pipes, and the reaction system is connected with the detection system. By adopting the system, the online analysis of sulfate radical concentration can be realized, the accuracy and the detection speed are high and the stability is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sulfate concentration on-line analysis and monitoring technical field in commercial production, the online rapid measuring system of especially a kind of sulfate concentration.
Background technology
Known: in water analysis, the mensuration of sulfate radical is an important indicator of evaluating water quality quality.Generally speaking, when sulfate concentration in water was 300-400mg/L, water becomes flavor; Sulfate concentration is during greater than 750mg/L, and the people has the hypocatharsis reaction.Based on sulfate on the impact of water taste with have laxative effective, GB5749-2006 " drinking water sanitary standard " regulation, sulfate from drinking water content should not surpass 250mg/L.Therefore, in the mensuration water body, the content of sulfate radical is very important.
In environmental monitoring, the mensuration of sulfate radical is also the test event of a routine.Sulfuric acid and sulfate are widely used in the industries such as chemical industry, metallurgy, electrolysis, printing and dyeing, process hides, papermaking.If will contain industrial waste water, the sanitary sewage of sulfate radical discharges or irrigated farmland together, water body and soil will be subject to harm in various degree, the metabolism of hydrophyte is affected, and, after by human body, being taken in, will causes various diseases.Therefore, strictly monitor the concentration of sulfate radical in industrial waste water and seem extremely important.
In phosphorus sulphur chemical industry, the content of sulfate radical is also an important technology controlling and process index.A lot of production technologies have strict requirement to the content of sulfate radical.Such as, the decomposing ardealite process, the desulfurization degree of ardealite or resolution ratio must be with the sulfate radical content height correlations in the desulfurization residue.And for example, in Wet-process Phosphoric Acid Production and purification process, in slip liquid, the concentration of sulfate radical all has larger impact to phosphorus ore decomposition and crystal of calcium sulfate.Therefore, in order to obtain maximum phosphorus yield, minimum sulfuric acid loss and high intensity filter need the strict content of controlling sulfate radical in slip liquid.
In many industries such as water analysis as can be seen here,, environment measuring and phosphorus sulfuration work, need a kind of method of quick and precisely analyzing sulfate concentration.
The conventional method of analysis of sulfate radical has gravimetric method usually, rhodizonic acid method, ICP-AES emission spectrometry, thermal titration, flow injection Enthalpy method, flow injection turbidimetry.The GB gravimetric method is analyzed sulfate radical content, and analysis result is accurate, but too time-consuming owing to measuring formality, needs about 5,6 hours, is difficult to meet the on-line analysis needs of a large amount of samples of industrial process.
Rhodizonic acid method analysis operation is easy, and finding speed is fast, uses reagent few, in the situation that stable process conditions can be measured SO
4 2-Content range (range of control 2.5-3.5mg/mL).Because its mensuration only can provide the scope of a mensuration, this analytical approach only can meet general intermediate control analysis needs, is difficult to meet industrial accurate analysis to sulfate concentration and DCS and controls.
" thermal titration mensuration " the SO that Qu Nianmin is delivering
4 2-" concentration-" SO
4 2-" making of analyzer " introduced thermal titration in a literary composition and measure SO
4 2-The method of content.Although thermal titration analysis principle weight/power ratio method complexity, sample of every mensuration only needed about 10 minutes.But the pyrotitration instrument is expensive, before using, must be noted that solution level should remain unchanged, and is strict to indoor temperature, is not suitable for industrial on-line analysis.
The people such as Zhao Qing have introduced the ICP-AES method and have measured SO in " liquid phase sulfate radical content in ICP-AES mensuration phosphoric acid by wet process extraction slip " literary composition of delivering
3Content.ICP-AES emission spectrographic analysis method have fast (in a few minutes, complete), accurately (± 0.25%), and advantage that can other impurity element of Simultaneous Quantitative Analysis (as Fe, Mg, Al, Si etc.).But the instrument costliness, be difficult to avoid in the interference of measuring the process intermediate ion, is unsuitable for on-line analysis.
Zhao Shenglan, introduced the method for turbidimetry for Determination sulfate radical content in old " mensuration of sulfate radical content in phosphoric acid by wet process " towards silver hair table literary composition.This method is surveyed a sample needs 20-25 minute, and detection speed is slow.And BaSO
4Extend in time continuous sedimentation, affect turbidity, absorbance is reduced, Lower result.
In " sulfur trioxide content in the Flow Injection Spectrophotometric Determination phosphoric acid by wet process " literary composition that Yu Jiabei etc. deliver, adopt the content of Flow injection spectrophotometric determination sulfate radical.The Flow Injection Spectrophotometry detection speed is quick, and is simple in structure, easy and simple to handle.But this system lacks temperature-controlling reaction apparatus, and test process is affected greatly by variation of ambient temperature, and the method can not detect for the express-analysis of solid sulfur-bearing sample.And the range of linearity of the method is narrower, and the linear concentration range of sulfuric anhydride that can direct-detection is only 40-160mg/L, if for industrial on-line analysis, operating flexibility is less, less stable.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention be to provide a kind of can be continuously, the online rapid measuring system of sulfate concentration of sulfate radical content in working sample fast and accurately.
the technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the online rapid measuring system of sulfate concentration, comprise and annotate sample system, reactive system and detection system, described notes sample system comprises the first conveying device, the second conveying device, eight passage switching valves, precipitation agent container, detergent container, described the first conveying device has first passage, second channel and sample line, described the second conveying device has third channel, four-way, and described reactive system comprises reaction block and reaction tube, described detection system comprises data processing module and spectrophotometer, described eight passage switching valves comprise rotor, stator, and described rotor is coaxial with stator, described stator is provided with eight tunnel holes, described tunnel holes distributes along even circumferential on stator, one end of described eight tunnel holes is positioned on the joint face that stator has, the other end of each tunnel holes is respectively arranged with first interface, the second interface, the 3rd interface, the 4th interface, the 5th interface, the 6th interface, the 7th interface and the 8th interface, described rotor is provided with eight intercommunicating pores with the tunnel holes adaptation of stator, one end of described intercommunicating pore is positioned on the installed surface that rotor has, the other end of each intercommunicating pore is respectively arranged with connector one, connector two, connector three, connector four, connector five, connector six, connector seven and connector eight, described connector one is communicated with connector five, described connector two is communicated with connector six, described connector three is communicated with connector seven, described connector four is communicated with connector eight, described joint face and installed surface laminating, described first passage and first interface pipe connect, and the second channel pipe connects the 7th interface, and the third channel pipe connects the second interface, and the four-way deferent connects the 4th interface, and described the 8th mouth piece connects detergent container, and the 6th mouth piece connects the precipitation agent container, described the 3rd interface, the 5th mouth piece are received reaction block, and described sample line pipe is received reaction block, one end pipe of described reaction block and reaction tube connects, described reaction tube other end pipe is received spectrophotometer, and described data processing module is electrically connected to spectrophotometer.
Further, the online rapid measuring system of sulfate concentration also comprises the microwave sample dissolving system, described microwave sample dissolving system comprises microwave dissolver, refrigeratory, sampling receptacle, described microwave dissolver, refrigeratory, sampling receptacle connect in turn by pipeline, and described sampling receptacle is connected to the sample line of annotating the sample system by pipeline.
further, the online rapid measuring system of sulfate concentration also comprises dilution system, described dilution system comprises the first discharge pump, the second discharge pump, the first part flow arrangement, dilution tube and the second part flow arrangement, entrance and sampling receptacle pipe that described the first discharge pump has connect, the outlet that the first discharge pump has and described the first part flow arrangement pipe connect, described the second delivery pump pipe is received the first part flow arrangement, described the first part flow arrangement, dilution tube and the second part flow arrangement pipe in turn connect, described the second part flow arrangement is connected with sample line, described the second part flow arrangement has waste liquid outlet.
Preferably, described the first part flow arrangement and the second part flow arrangement all adopt T-valve.
Preferably, the tunnel holes of described eight passage switching valves runs through joint face and the side of stator, and the intercommunicating pore of described eight passage switching valves runs through installed surface and the side of rotor.
Further, described reactive system also comprises the water-soluble pot of constant temperature, and described reaction block and reaction tube are arranged in the water-soluble pot of constant temperature.
Preferably, described data processing module is computing machine.
Preferably, described the first distributor and the second conveying device all adopt multi-channel peristaltic pump.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the online rapid measuring system of sulfate concentration provided by the invention can the on-line monitoring fluid sample in sulfate radical content, this system detection speed is fast, the precipitation agent consumption is little, can at utmost reduce testing cost.The online rapid measuring system of sulfate concentration that the present invention proposes is provided with the water-soluble pot of constant temperature, thereby has avoided the impact that precipitation reaction and absorbance is brought by variation of ambient temperature, has guaranteed thus accuracy and the reappearance of analytical test.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the online rapid measuring system structural representation of sulfate concentration in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation after eight passage switching valve rotation one lattice;
Fig. 3 is the shaft side figure such as grade of eight passage switching valves in embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of eight passage switching valves in embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the B-B sectional view in Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is stator structure vertical view in embodiment;
Fig. 7 is embodiment rotor axonometric drawing;
Fig. 8 is the matched curve figure of standard solution when sample 1,2 is detected;
Fig. 9 is the matched curve figure of standard solution when sample 3 is detected;
Figure 10 is the matched curve figure of standard solution when sample 4 is detected;
Figure 11 is the matched curve figure of standard solution when sample 5 is detected;
Figure 12 is the matched curve figure of standard solution when sample 6 is detected;
in figure, indicate: 1-microwave sample dissolving system, the 11-microwave dissolver, the 12-refrigeratory, the 13-sampling receptacle, 2-annotates the sample system, 21-the first conveying device, the 211-first passage, the 212-second channel, the 213-sample line, 22-the second conveying device, the 221-third channel, the 222-four-way, 23-eight passage switching valves, the 231-rotor, the 231a-joint face, the 232-stator, the 232a-installed surface, the 24-detergent container, 25-precipitation agent container, the 3-dilution system, 31-the first discharge pump, 32-the second discharge pump, 33-the first part flow arrangement, 34-the second part flow arrangement, the 35-dilution tube, the 4-detection system, the 41-spectrophotometer, the 42-data processing module, the 5-reactive system, the water-soluble pot of 51-constant temperature, the 52-reaction block, the 53-reaction tube, the a-tunnel holes, the a1-first interface, a2-the second interface, a3-the 3rd interface, a4-the 4th interface, a5-the 5th interface, a6-the 6th interface, a7-the 7th interface, a8-the 8th interface, the b-intercommunicating pore, b1-connector one, b2-connector two, b3-connector three, b4-connector four, b5-connector five, b6-connector six, b7-connector seven, b8-connector eight.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
as shown in Figures 1 to 7, the online rapid measuring system of sulfate concentration, comprise and annotate sample system 2, reactive system 5 and detection system 4, described notes sample system 2 comprises the first conveying device 21, the second conveying device 22, eight passage switching valves 23, precipitation agent container 25, detergent container 24, described the first conveying device has first passage 211, second channel 212 and sample line 213, and described the second conveying device 22 has third channel 221, four-way 222, described reactive system 5 comprises reaction block 52 and reaction tube 53, described detection system 4 comprises data processing module 42 and spectrophotometer 41, described eight passage switching valves 23 comprise rotor 231, stator 232, and described rotor 231 is coaxial with stator 232, described stator 232 is provided with eight tunnel holes a, described tunnel holes a distributes along even circumferential on stator 232, it is upper that the end of described eight tunnel holes a is positioned at the joint face 232a that stator 232 has, and the other end of each tunnel holes a is respectively arranged with first interface a1, the second interface a2, the 3rd interface a3, the 4th interface a4, the 5th interface a5, the 6th interface a6, the 7th interface a7 and the 8th interface a8, described rotor 231 is provided with eight intercommunicating pore b with the tunnel holes a adaptation of stator 232, the end of described intercommunicating pore b is positioned on the installed surface 231a of rotor 231, and the other end of each intercommunicating pore b is respectively arranged with connector one b1, connector two b2, connector three b3, connector four b4, connector five b5, connector six b6, connector seven b7 and connector eight b8, described connector one b1 is communicated with connector five b5, and described connector two b2 are communicated with connector six b6, and described connector three b3 are communicated with connector seven b7, and described connector four b4 are communicated with connector eight b8, described joint face 232a and installed surface 231a laminating, described first passage 211 connects with first interface a1 pipe, second channel 212 pipes meet the 7th interface a7, and third channel 221 pipes meet the second interface a2, and four-way 222 pipes meet the 4th interface a4, described the 8th interface a8 pipe connects detergent container 24, the six interface a6 pipes and connects precipitation agent container 25, described the 3rd interface a3, the 5th interface a5 pipe are received reaction block 52, and described sample line 213 pipes are received reaction block 52, described reaction block 52 connects in succession with reaction tube 53 pipes, described reaction tube 53 other end pipes are received spectrophotometer 41, and described data processing module 42 is electrically connected to spectrophotometer 41.Described rotor 231 is coaxial with stator 232, described joint face 232a and installed surface 231a laminating; Rotor 231 can rotate with respect to stator 232 around central rotating shaft.The joint face 232a of described stator 232 refers to an end face of stator 232.When stator was vertically placed, as shown in Figure 6, the boss face that stator 232 makes progress was the joint face 232a of stator 232.The installed surface 231a of described rotor 231 refers to an end face of rotor 231, and when rotor such as Fig. 7 placed, the downward cross section of rotor 231 was the installed surface of rotor 231.Described connector one b1 is communicated with connector five b5, refers in rotor 2 outsides and is communicated with connector one b1 and connector five b5 by communication channel.In like manner, described connector two b2 are communicated with connector six b6, and described connector three b3 are communicated with connector seven b7, and described connector four b4 are communicated with connector eight b8; Connection between described each interface all refers to be communicated with communicating pipe by outside.
Sulfate concentration detects principle: in certain medium, and SO
4 2-With Ba
2+Form BaSO
4Particle, be suspended in solution and form colloidal sol, when light passes through emulsion system, and BaSO
4Particle produces light scattering, makes that incident light is corresponding to be weakened.In system, add suitable emulsifying agent and ethanol to improve reaction conditions, make BaSO
4Uniform particles is disperseed and is not reunited, and improves the stability of emulsion system.The BaSO that obtains
4Emulsion system detects its absorbance by spectrophotometer 41, and, by in advance the absorbance of variable concentrations sulfate radical measured in solution acquisition and the relation curve of concentration being calculated, obtains the concentration of sulfate radical in sample solution.According to above-mentioned sulfate concentration, detect principle and in the online rapid measuring system of sulfate concentration, be provided with spectrophotometer 41, eight passage switching valves 23, precipitation agent container 25, detergent container 24.In precipitation agent container 25, store precipitation agent, in detergent container 24, store clean-out system.Wherein, the precipitation agent in precipitation agent container 25 is for having added protectant barium chloride solution.Solution composition is as follows: the concentration of barium chloride is 1.6%-6.4%, and the concentration of OP-10 is 0.8%-4.8%, and the concentration of ethanol is 0.8%-6.0% (v/v).Wherein, the clean-out system in detergent container 24 is alkaline EDTA, i.e. disodium ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid solution.Solution composition is as follows: the concentration of EDTA is 1.0%-10.0% (m/v), and the concentration of ammoniacal liquor is 2.0-10.0% (v/v).
as shown in Figure 4, when sample solution is detected, eight passage switching valve 23 each interfaces are when original state, connector one b1 that described first interface a1 is communicated with, connector two b2 that the second interface a2 is communicated with, connector three b3 that are communicated with the 3rd interface a3, connector four b4 that the 4th interface a4 is communicated with, connector five b5 that the 5th interface a5 is communicated with, connector six b6 that the 6th interface a6 is communicated with, connector eight b8 that connector seven b7 that the 7th interface a7 is communicated with and the 8th interface a8 are communicated with, between described connector one b1 and connector five b5, be provided with communicating pipe, between described connector two b2 and connector six b6, be provided with communicating pipe, between described connector three b3 and connector seven b7, be provided with communicating pipe, between described connector four b4 and connector eight b8, be provided with communicating pipe.In the course of work, can, by rotating the rotor 231 of eight passage switching valves 23, change the connection of each interface.
In the course of work, rotate eight passage switching valves 23, make eight passage switching valves 23 under original state, the intercommunicating pore b that has interface one b1 on the tunnel holes a that has first interface a1 on stator 232 and rotor 231 is communicated with, tunnel holes a with second interface a2 is communicated with the intercommunicating pore b with interface two b2, tunnel holes a with first interface a3 is communicated with the intercommunicating pore b with interface three b3, and the tunnel holes a with the 4th interface a4 is communicated with the intercommunicating pore b with interface four b4.Tunnel holes a with the 5th interface a5 is communicated with the intercommunicating pore b with interface five b5, tunnel holes a with the 6th interface a6 is communicated with the intercommunicating pore b with interface six b6, tunnel holes a with the 7th interface a7 is communicated with the intercommunicating pore b with interface seven b7, and the intercommunicating pore b that has interface eight b8 on the tunnel holes a with the 8th interface a8 and rotor 231 is communicated with.Start the first conveying device 21 and the second conveying device 22, sample solution is sent into reactive system 5 by sample line 213 under the effect of the first conveying device 21.Precipitation agent in precipitation agent container 25 under the effect of the second conveying device 22 from the 6th interface a6 be inhaled on eight passage switching valves 23 connector six b6 and in the communicating pipe between connector two b2, be full of the communicating pipe between connector two b2 and connector six b6, unnecessary liquid enters third channel 221 from the second interface a2, then discharges.Clean-out system in detergent container 24 is drawn on eight passage switching valves 23 in the communicating pipe between connector eight b8 and connector four b4 from the 8th interface a8 under the effect of the second conveying device 22, be full of the communicating pipe between interface eight b8 and interface four b4, unnecessary liquid enters four-way 222 from the 4th interface a4, then discharges.Deionized water enters eight passage switching valves 23 by first passage 211 and 212 minutes two-way of second channel under the effect of the first conveying device 21 simultaneously.Wherein a road deionized water enters into eight passage switching valves 23 by first passage 211 from first interface a1, through connector one b1 of eight passage switching valves 23 and the communicating pipe between interface five b5, from the 5th interface a5, flows into the reaction block 52 of reactive system 5.Another road deionized water enters into the 7th interface a7 of eight passage switching valves 23 by second channel 212, through connector seven b7 of eight passage switching valves 23 and the communicating pipe between connector three b3, from the 3rd interface a3, flow into the reaction block 52 of reactive system 5.Simultaneously, sample solution directly is admitted in the reaction block 52 of reactive system 5 by the effect of the first conveying device 21.Sample solution mixes in reaction block 52 with deionized water, after mixing completes, enters into reaction tube 53 and reacts, and finally is sent in the spectrophotometer 41 in detection system 4, by spectrophotometer 41, it is tested.Waste liquid after test completes is discharged by the sewage draining exit that spectrophotometer 41 has, and the detection data that obtain are transported to the data processing module 42 of detection system 4 by electrical connection.
As shown in Figure 2, close the second conveying device 22, be rotated counterclockwise the rotor 231 in eight passage switching valves 23, make pointer movement one lattice.the tunnel holes a that namely has first interface a1 is communicated with the intercommunicating pore b with connector two b2, tunnel holes a with second interface a2 is communicated with the intercommunicating pore b with connector three b3, tunnel holes a with the 3rd interface a3 is communicated with the intercommunicating pore b with connector four b4, tunnel holes a with the 4th interface a4 is communicated with the intercommunicating pore b with connector five b5, tunnel holes a with the 5th interface a5 is communicated with the intercommunicating pore b with connector six b6, tunnel holes a with the 6th interface a6 is communicated with the intercommunicating pore b with connector seven b7, tunnel holes a with the 7th interface a7 is communicated with the intercommunicating pore b with connector eight b8, tunnel holes a with the 8th interface a8 is communicated with the intercommunicating pore b with connector one b1.Start the first conveying device 21, be communicated with sample line 213 and first passage 211, close second channel 212.Under the effect of the first conveying device 21, sample solution is continuously sent in the reaction block 52 of reactive system 5 by sample line 213.Deionized water, by the effect of the first conveying device 21, enters into eight passage switching valves 23 by first passage 211 from first interface a1, due to the rotor 231 that has rotated eight passage switching valves 23 simultaneously; Connector two b2 that first interface a1 is communicated with, connector six b6 that the 5th interface a5 is communicated with, be full of precipitation agent between connector two b2 and interface six b6 simultaneously communicating pipe.Therefore this road deionized water will promote the precipitation agent in communicating pipe between connector two b2 and connector five b5 after entering eight passage switching valves 23, from the 5th interface a5, flow into the reaction block 52 of reactive system 5.Precipitation agent and sample solution interiorly mix at reaction block 52, reaction, then flow into reaction in reaction tube 53.The solution that obtains after reaction is admitted in the spectrophotometer 41 of detection system 4 and detects.Waste liquid after test completes is discharged by the sewage draining exit that spectrophotometer 41 has, and the detection data that obtain are transported to the data processing module 42 of detection system 4 by electrical connection.
Then close sample line 213, first passage 211, be communicated with second channel 212, deionized water enters into eight passage switching valves 23 by second channel 212 from the 7th interface a7, due to the rotor 231 that has rotated eight passage switching valves 23; Connector eight b8 that the 7th interface a7 is communicated with, connector four b4 that the 3rd interface a3 is communicated with, be full of clean-out system between connector eight b8 and connector four b4 simultaneously communicating pipe.Therefore this road deionized water will promote the clean-out system in communicating pipe between connector eight b8 and connector four b4 after entering eight passage switching valves 23, from the 3rd interface a3, flow into the reaction block 52 of reactive system 5.Reaction block 52 is cleaned, and the solution after cleaning enters reaction tube 53, spectrophotometer 41 successively.Respectively reaction tube 53, spectrophotometer 41 are cleaned, the liquid that obtains after cleaning is discharged from the sewage draining exit of spectrophotometer 41 with the waste liquid form.Thereby completed once the detection of sample solution, detected after completing the corresponding annexation of each interface of eight passage switching valves 23 is resetted.Repeat said process, can carry out next time analysis and test.
The online rapid measuring system of above-mentioned sulfate concentration is sent sample solution and various reagent into eight passage switching valves 23, selection by 23 pairs of individual channels of eight passage switching valves, realization is sent sample solution or reagent into reactive system 5, in reactive system 5 reaction, obtain solution and send into again detection system 4 and detect, thereby realize the online detection to sulfate radical content in sample solution.Commutation by eight passage switching valve 23 each passages connects, and realizes the input of various reagent in test process, and is easy and simple to handle, thereby injection length is short, shortened detection time, improved detection efficiency, guaranteed the rapidity that detects.The simultaneously commutation due to eight passage switching valves 23 realizes choosing of various reagent and injects, the corresponding reagent of injection that can be real-time, i.e. and precipitation agent or clean-out system, thus realized the online detection to sample solution, detect in real time.The employing of this detection system is flowed and is injected sample solution.Detect.The injection sample solution that flows refers to that sample solution, by eight channel switching valves 23, is injected in reaction block 52 continuously, and " flow and inject sample solution " is the meaning of " injecting continuously sample solution ".Simultaneously precipitation agent and auxiliary detection solution is by eight channel switching valves 23, and in eight channel switching valves 23, sampling and then sending into reaction block 52, precipitation agent or auxiliary detection solution batch sampling, compare continuous sample introduction, and consumption reduces.This detection system in sum, detection speed is fast, and the precipitation agent consumption is little, can reduce testing cost.
In order to make the online rapid measuring system of sulfate concentration, can also can analyze and test the sulfate concentration in solid matter.Further, the online rapid measuring system of sulfate concentration, also comprise microwave sample dissolving system 1, described microwave sample dissolving system 1 comprises microwave dissolver 11, refrigeratory 12, sampling receptacle 13, described microwave dissolver 11, refrigeratory 12, sampling receptacle 13 connect in turn by pipeline, and described sampling receptacle 13 is connected to the sample line 213 of annotating sample system 2 by pipeline.By microwave sample dissolving system 1 is set, when sample is solid, thereby can to it, carry out analyzing and testing so that sample dissolution forms liquid.Microwave dissolver 11 under normal pressure with the solid sample of sour indissoluble, as ardealite, phosphorus ore etc., adopt techniques of dissoluing samples by microwave to dissolve fast and efficiently solid matter, makes solid sample change into the fluid sample that can test.Thereby can avoid dissolving inadequate testing sample blocking test pipeline in test, affect the accuracy of test result.
In order to make the online rapid measuring system of sulfate concentration can the higher sample solution of detectable concentration, enlarge and detect the sample solution concentration range.the online rapid measuring system of sulfate concentration also comprises dilution system 3, described dilution system 3 comprises the first discharge pump 31, the second discharge pump 32, the first part flow arrangement 33, dilution tube 35 and the second part flow arrangement 34, entrance and sampling receptacle 13 pipes that described the first discharge pump 31 has connect, the outlet that the first discharge pump 31 has and described the first part flow arrangement 33 pipes connect, described the second discharge pump 32 pipes are received the first part flow arrangement 33, described the first part flow arrangement 33, dilution tube 35 and the second part flow arrangement 34 pipe in turn connect, described the second part flow arrangement 34 is connected with sample line 213, described the second part flow arrangement 34 has waste liquid outlet.Sample solution is sent in the first part flow arrangement 33 by the first discharge pump 31, enters dilution system 3.The first part flow arrangement 33 also pipe is connected to the second discharge pump 32, by the second discharge pump 32, in dilution system 3, pump into deionized water, sample solution and deionized water enter dilution tube 35, at the interior deionized water of dilution tube 35, sample solution is diluted, the sulfate concentration in sample solution is diluted to the concentration range that the online rapid measuring system of sulfate concentration can detect.Sample solution after dilution enters the second part flow arrangement 34, is diverted to sample line 213, and unnecessary solution is recycled by the waste liquid outlet of the second part flow arrangement 34.Thereby dilute by 3 pairs of sample solutions of dilution system the concentration range that makes whole mensuration system detect the sulfate radical sample solution, enlarge, can detect the sulfate radical sample solution of high concentration.
In order to simplify part flow arrangement, described the first part flow arrangement 33 and the second part flow arrangement 34 can adopt a plurality of ball valves to realize, mounting ball valve on each passage, the unlatching by ball valve or close the shunting that realizes liquid in part flow arrangement.Wherein a kind of preferred mode is that described the first part flow arrangement 33 and the second part flow arrangement 34 all adopt T-valve.T-valve is controlled simple, and is easy and simple to handle.Simultaneously simple in structure, easy to connect, cost is lower.
In order to be reduced at the layout of the connecting tube on eight logical switching valves 23, can be optimized design to the structure of eight logical switching valves 23.Wherein a kind of optimal way such as Fig. 3 are to shown in Figure 7, and the tunnel holes a of described eight passage switching valves 23 runs through joint face 232a and the side of stator, and the intercommunicating pore b of described eight passage switching valves 23 runs through installed surface 231a and the side of rotor 231.The side of described stator 232 refers to the outer circumference surface of stator 232, and the side of described rotor 231 refers to the outer circumference surface of rotor 231.Thereby make first interface a1, the second interface a2, the 3rd interface a3, the 4th interface a4, the 5th interface a5, the 6th interface a6, the 7th interface a7 and the 8th interface a8 on the stator 232 of eight passage switching valves 23 all be positioned at the side of stator 232.Therefore the distance between each interface is larger, thereby is convenient to installation, dismounting and the layout of each interface connecting tube.Connector one b1, connector two b2, connector three b3, connector four b4, connector five b5, connector six b6, connector seven b7 and connector eight b8 on rotor 231 also are positioned at the side of rotor 231 simultaneously, therefore make installation, dismounting and the arrangement convenience of each interface connecting tube on rotor 231 quick.The connecting tube of each connector can not impact the rotation of rotor 231 simultaneously, has guaranteed the stability of system works.
In order to make sample solution can not be subject to the interference of external environment in the process of reaction, reactive system 5 also comprises the water-soluble pot 51 of constant temperature, and described reaction block 52 and reaction tube 53 are arranged in the water-soluble pot 51 of constant temperature.Temperature in the water-soluble pot 51 of constant temperature keeps constant, when sample solution and precipitation agent react in reaction block 52 and reaction tube 53, SOLUTION PROPERTIES is stable, avoided the impact that precipitation reaction and absorbance is brought by variation of ambient temperature, thereby the SOLUTION PROPERTIES that makes reaction obtain is stable, therefore it is detected detection system 4 is interior, be conducive to improve accuracy of detection, guaranteed accuracy and the reappearance of analytical test.
Described data processing module 42 can be various ways, can be PC processor, computing machine etc.Wherein preferred version is selected computing machine.Computing machine is fast to the processing speed of data, and intuitive display can be carried out analyzing and processing simultaneously to a plurality of data.
In order to make sample solution not be subjected to ectocine in the process of carrying.Described the first conveying device 21 and the second conveying device 22 all adopt multi-channel peristaltic pump.Peristaltic pump is when carrying liquid, and fluid only contacts pump line, does not contact the pump housing; The operational throughput precision is high simultaneously: good stability, and anticorrosion, good airproof performance, have good suction capacity, and idle running can be prevented backflow, safeguards simple.Therefore select peristaltic pump not only can prevent the impact that extraneous factor detects effects of ion, simultaneously easy and simple to handle, operational throughput is easily accurately controlled, good stability.
Embodiment 1
The online rapid measuring system of sulfate concentration, comprise microwave sample dissolving system 1, annotate sample system 2, dilution system 3, reactive system 5 and detection system 4; Described notes sample system 2 comprises the first conveying device 21, the second conveying device 22, precipitation agent container 25, detergent container 24, described the first conveying device has first passage 211, second channel 212 and sample line 213, described the second conveying device 22 has third channel 221, four-way 222, and described reactive system 5 comprises reaction block 52 and reaction tube 53; Described detection system 4 comprises data processing module 42 and spectrophotometer 41.
described eight passage switching valves 23 comprise rotor 231, stator 232, and described rotor 231 is coaxial with stator 232, described stator 232 is provided with eight tunnel holes a, described tunnel holes a distributes along even circumferential on stator 232, it is upper that the end of described eight tunnel holes a is positioned at the joint face 232a that stator 232 has, and the other end of each tunnel holes a is respectively arranged with first interface a1, the second interface a2, the 3rd interface a3, the 4th interface a4, the 5th interface a5, the 6th interface a6, the 7th interface a7 and the 8th interface a8, described rotor 231 is provided with eight intercommunicating pore b with the tunnel holes a adaptation of stator 232, the end of described intercommunicating pore b is positioned on the installed surface 231a of rotor 231, and the other end of each intercommunicating pore b is respectively arranged with connector one b1, connector two b2, connector three b3, connector four b4, connector five b5, connector six b6, connector seven b7 and connector eight b8, described connector one b1 is communicated with connector five b5, and described connector two b2 are communicated with connector six b6, and described connector three b3 are communicated with connector seven b7, and described connector four b4 are communicated with connector eight b8, described joint face 232a and installed surface 231a laminating.
Described reactive system 5 comprises reaction block 52 and reaction tube 53; Described detection system 4 comprises data processing module 42 and spectrophotometer 41; Described first passage 211 connects with first interface a1 pipe, second channel 212 pipes meet the 7th interface a7, and third channel 221 pipes meet the second interface a2, and four-way 222 pipes meet the 4th interface a4, described the 8th interface a8 pipe connects detergent container 24, the six interface a6 pipes and connects precipitation agent container 25; Described the 3rd interface a3, the 5th interface a5 pipe are received reaction block 52, and described sample line 213 pipes are received reaction block 52; Described reaction block 52 connects in succession with reaction tube 53 pipes; The described reaction tube other end 53 pipes are received spectrophotometer 41, and described data processing module 42 is electrically connected to spectrophotometer 41.Described microwave sample dissolving system 1 comprises microwave dissolver 11, refrigeratory 12, sampling receptacle 13, described microwave dissolver 11, refrigeratory 12, sampling receptacle 13 connect in turn by pipeline, and described sampling receptacle 13 is connected to the sample line 213 of annotating sample system 2 by pipeline.Described dilution system 3 comprises the first discharge pump 31, the second discharge pump 32, the first part flow arrangement 33, dilution tube 35 and the second part flow arrangement 34, entrance and sampling receptacle 13 pipes that described the first discharge pump 31 has connect, the outlet that the first discharge pump 31 has and described the first part flow arrangement 33 pipes connect, described the second discharge pump 32 pipes are received the first part flow arrangement 33, described the first part flow arrangement 33, dilution tube 35 and the second part flow arrangement 34 pipe in turn connect, described the second part flow arrangement 34 is connected with sample line 213, and described the second part flow arrangement 34 has waste liquid outlet.Reactive system 5 also comprises the water-soluble pot 51 of constant temperature, and described reaction block 52 and reaction tube 53 are arranged in the water-soluble pot 51 of constant temperature.Described data processing module 42 is computing machine.Described the first part flow arrangement 33 and the second part flow arrangement 34 all adopt T-valve.Described the first distributor 21 and the second distributor 22 all adopt multi-channel peristaltic pump.
In the course of work, at first the sulfate concentration of standard solution is detected and draws out curve map.Then to testing sample, solid determinand or sample solution detect, and by the curve map of the data that obtain and standard solution, are analyzed and calculate with people's respective value the concentration of sulfate ion.
When testing sample, while being solid-state, at first entering microwave sample dissolving system 1 and dissolve by microwave dissolver 11, dissolve the sample solution that obtains and enter cooling tube 12 and carry out coolingly, send into the interior storage of sampling receptacle 13 after cooling.The sample solution that is stored in sampling receptacle 13 is admitted to dilution system 3, and the dilution tube 35 by dilution system 3, be diluted to a certain degree, namely in system detectable concentration scope.sample solution after diluting by the first conveying device 21 of annotating sample system 2 is sent in the reaction block 52 of reactive system 5, simultaneously by annotating the first conveying device 21 of sample system 5, the second conveying device 22 and eight passage switching valves 23 are according to foregoing principle of work to the sample test stage, precipitation agent is sent in reaction block 52 and mixed with the sample solution after dilution, the solution that obtains after mixing enters reaction tube 53 to carry out after sufficient reacting reacts completely, send into detection system 4, 41 pairs of reacted sample solutions of spectrophotometer by detection system 4 detect.By data processing module 42, will detect and obtain data and carry out Treatment Analysis and finally obtain sulfate ion concentration again.The first conveying device 21, the second conveying device 22 and eight passage switching valves 23 by annotating sample system 5 after test completes are according to principle of work from clean-out system to reactive system that input noted earlier, clean-out system are injected into to reactive system 5 is interior to be cleaned pipeline and reactive system.Thereby complete once, the sulfate concentration of sample is tested.
When testing sample is solution and the testing procedure of sample while being solid-state basic identical, will omit in the step of microwave sample dissolving system 1 interior dissolving, also can realize the test to sample solution.Need not dissolve it, can directly pass through dilution system 3, and then by annotating sample system 2, then, by reactive system 5, finally in check system 4, complete detection.By in the process of dilution system 3, if the solution concentration of testing sample is too high, has surpassed system detectable concentration scope it has been diluted, if do not surpass the test concentrations scope needn't dilute.
Repeat above-mentioned steps, can carry out the test of sample sulfate concentration next time.
By the online rapid measuring system of sulfate concentration described in embodiment 1, the sulfate radical of sample is detected.
Application examples 1
Precipitation agent: accurately take 4g analytical purity barium chloride solid, add a small amount of water-soluble solution, then add the 2mLop-10(APES) reagent and 8mL ethanolic solution, stirring and dissolving, last adding distil water constant volume is in the 250mL volumetric flask.
Clean-out system: accurately take the 2.5gEDTA(disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate) solid, add the 5mL ammonia spirit, dissolves, and last adding distil water constant volume is in the 250mL volumetric flask.
Standard solution configuration: accurately take the 2.7200g anhydrous potassium sulfate, with distilled water dissolve and constant volume in the 250mL volumetric flask, as standard solution, SO wherein
3Content be 5000mg/L.
The preparation of standard lean solution: the accurate solution 1mL of difference label taking, 3mL, 4.5mL, 6mL, 7.5mL, 10mL, 13.5mL, 15mL, in the 250mL volumetric flask, with after the distilled water constant volume, are designated as respectively standard lean solution 1-8, wherein SO
3Concentration be respectively 20mg/L, 60mg/L, 90mg/L, 120mg/L, 150mg/L, 200mg/L, 270mg/L, 300mg/L.
Sample solution: get the potable water sample of two different regions, gravimetric method is analyzed wherein SO
3Concentration (Ca
1) result is respectively 210.5mg/L, 280.8mg/L, is designated as respectively sample 1, sample 2.
For the sample of sample concentration in the system testing scope, can directly by the sample line 213 of the first conveying device 21, carry out sample introduction.
According to the test mode that embodiment 1 provides, test, obtain absorbance corresponding to each standard lean solution, the relation between standard lean solution concentration and absorbance is carried out to linear fit, the linear equation that obtains is: A=0.0024Ca+0.0073, coefficient R
2=0.9991, the typical curve that simulates is shown in Fig. 8.R
2Refer to the index of weighing linear dependence degree between two stochastic variables, R2 is high, the straight line that expression absorbance and two variable matches of concentration obtain, and its linearity will be got well.
Sample 1, sample 2 are measured according to the scheme that embodiment 1 provides, obtained actual absorbance A
1, A
2.Absorbance A by practical measurement
1, A
2Bring in the typical curve linear equation, obtain result of calculation Ca
2, by result of calculation Ca
2With actual sample concentration C a
1Relatively, obtain the deviation that native system is measured, and itself and the measurement error that adopts atomic absorption spectrophotometry (GB 13196-1991) to obtain are done to contrast, the results are shown in Table shown in 1.Native system is each, and to detect the required time be 130s, and can continuous detecting, and the mensuration of sulphate in water adopts intermittently method for measuring mostly at present, so native system can improve detection speed significantly.
Water sample is tested for a long time, obtained the deviation of the long-term test of native system, and the measurement error that its result and existing flow injection-turbidimetry obtain is done to contrast, the results are shown in Table shown in 2.
Table 1
Table 2
Application examples 2
The precipitation agent preparation: accurately take the analytical purity barium chloride solid of 16g, add a small amount of water-soluble solution, then add the op-10 reagent of 6mL and the ethanolic solution of 10mL, stirring and dissolving, last adding distil water constant volume is in the 250mL volumetric flask, and is standby.
Clean-out system preparation: the EDTA(disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate that accurately takes 5g) solid, add the ammonia spirit of 10mL, dissolve, last adding distil water constant volume is in the 250mL volumetric flask, and is standby.
Standard solution configuration: accurately take the 2.7200g anhydrous potassium sulfate, with distilled water dissolve and constant volume in the 250mL volumetric flask, as standard solution, SO wherein
3Content be 5000mg/L.
Because the phosphoric acid by wet process sample is acid, and pH value of solution is influential to absorbance, therefore need to do standard working curve with the standard solution of acidifying.
Standard lean solution preparation: the accurate solution 1mL of difference label taking, 3mL, 4.5mL, 6mL, 7.5mL, 10mL, 13.5mL, 15mL is in the 250mL volumetric flask, then add separately the hydrochloric acid solution of 2mL6mol/L, with after the distilled water constant volume, be designated as respectively standard lean solution 9-16, wherein SO
3Concentration be respectively 20mg/L, 60mg/L, 90mg/L, 120mg/L, 150mg/L, 200mg/L, 270mg/L, 300mg/L.
Sample solution preparation: phosphoric acid by wet process slip liquid sample, wherein a SO
3Concentration with the gravimetric determination result, be 2.70%, P
2O
5Concentration be 20%.Because sulfate concentration in this sample is higher, surpass the range of linearity of this system testing, therefore need first this solution dilution just can be carried out to follow-up mensuration later; In addition on the one hand, owing in the phosphoric acid by wet process sample, including the foreign ions such as iron, aluminium, magnesium, these ions, under the lower condition of acidity, can be separated out the sediment impact and measure, therefore need to control suitable acidity, suppress sedimentary separating out.In order to make the phosphoric acid by wet process sample remain suitable acidity, the pH value of Quality control is less than 1.5, and we adopt the hydrochloric acid of 1+400 to dilute in dilution system.Dilute later sample and be designated as sample 3, its actual concentration C a
1For 108.4mg/L.
According to the test mode that embodiment 1 provides, test, obtain absorbance corresponding to each standard lean solution, the relation between standard lean solution concentration and absorbance is carried out to linear fit, the linear equation that obtains is: A=0.0024Ca+0.0273, coefficient R
2=0.9991.The typical curve that simulates is shown in Fig. 9.
The phosphoric acid by wet process sample is tested for a long time, obtained the deviation of the long-term test of native system, and the measurement error that its result and existing flow injection-turbidimetry obtain is done to contrast, the results are shown in Table shown in 4.
Table 3
Table 4
The curve that obtains after sample 3 is tested as shown in Figure 4.
Application examples 3
The precipitation agent preparation: accurately take the analytical purity barium chloride solid of 10g, add a small amount of water-soluble solution, then add the op-10 reagent of 12mL and the ethanolic solution of 15mL, stirring and dissolving, last adding distil water constant volume is in the 250mL volumetric flask, and is standby.
Clean-out system preparation: the EDTA(disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate that accurately takes 25g) solid, add the ammonia spirit of 25mL, dissolve, last adding distil water constant volume is in the 250mL volumetric flask, and is standby.
Standard solution configuration: the pure glazier's salt of the top grade that takes a morsel dry 120min under 110 ℃ of conditions in baking oven, cooling 45min.Accurately take the 2.7200g anhydrous potassium sulfate, with distilled water dissolve and constant volume in the 250mL volumetric flask, as standard solution, SO wherein
3Content be 5000mg/L.
The preparation of standard lean solution: the accurate solution 3mL of difference label taking, 4.5mL, 6mL, 7.5mL, 10mL, 13.5mL, in the 250mL volumetric flask, then add the hydrochloric acid solution of 1mL6mol/L separately, with after the distilled water constant volume, is designated as respectively standard lean solution 17-22, wherein SO
3Concentration be respectively 60mg/L, 90mg/L, 120mg/L, 150mg/L, 200mg/L, 270mg/L.
Sample: 0.2g solid ardealite sample.Sample, after microwave system is dissolved, pumps into the dilution system dilution, and gravimetric method is analyzed SO
3Actual concentrations (Ca
1) be respectively 70.80mg/L, be designated as sample 4.
According to the test mode that embodiment 1 provides, test, obtain absorbance corresponding to each standard lean solution, the relation between standard lean solution concentration and absorbance is carried out to linear fit, the linear equation that obtains is: A=0.0024Ca+0.0220, coefficient R
2=0.9997.The typical curve that simulates is shown in Figure 10.
Sample 4 is measured according to the scheme that embodiment 1 provides, obtained actual absorbance A
4.Absorbance A by practical measurement
4, bring in the typical curve linear equation, obtain result of calculation Ca
2, by result of calculation Ca
2With the sample actual concentrations Ca that adopts gravimetric method to obtain
1Relatively, obtain the measurement deviation of native system, the results are shown in Table shown in 5, native system test result and gravimetric method test result are almost suitable, illustrate that the accuracy of native system test is higher.The native system required time of each detection is 130s, and can continuous detecting, and in present ardealite sample, the mensuration of sulfate radical adopts conventional gravimetric method, the test duration of each sample to need 2-3 hour more, so native system can improve detection speed significantly.
The ardealite sample is tested for a long time, obtained the deviation of the long-term test of native system, and the measurement error that its result and existing flow injection-turbidimetry obtain is done to contrast, the results are shown in Table shown in 6.
Table 5
Table 6
Sample 4 is tested, processed by analysis the curve obtain as shown in Figure 5.
Application examples 4
The precipitation agent preparation: accurately take the analytical purity barium chloride solid of 12g, add a small amount of water-soluble solution, then add the op-10 reagent of 7mL and the ethanolic solution of 12mL, stirring and dissolving, last adding distil water constant volume is in the 250mL volumetric flask, and is standby.
Clean-out system preparation: the EDTA(disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate that accurately takes 14g) solid, add the ammonia spirit of 18mL, dissolve, last adding distil water constant volume is in the 250mL volumetric flask, and is standby.
Standard solution configuration: (the pure glazier's salt of the top grade that takes a morsel dry 120min under 110 ℃ of conditions in baking oven, cooling 45min.) accurately take the 2.7200g anhydrous potassium sulfate, with distilled water dissolve and constant volume in the 250mL volumetric flask, as standard solution, SO wherein
3Concentration be 5000mg/L.
The preparation of standard lean solution: the accurate solution 3mL of difference label taking, 4mL, 6mL, 8mL, 10mL, in the 250mL volumetric flask, then add the hydrochloric acid solution of 1mL6mol/L separately, with after the distilled water constant volume, are designated as respectively standard lean solution 23-27, wherein SO
3Concentration be respectively 60mg/L, 80mg/L, 120mg/L, 160mg/L, 200mg/L.
Sample: the water sample of wastewater treatment station-service sulphuric dioxide defluorination, SO
3Concentration gravimetric method analysis result is 26.5mg/mL.Waste water solution is pumped into to the sample that dilution system obtains, its actual concentration C a
1For 176.7mg/L, be designated as sample 5.
According to the test mode that embodiment 1 provides, test, obtain absorbance corresponding to each standard lean solution, the relation between standard lean solution concentration and absorbance is carried out to linear fit, the linear equation that obtains is: A=0.0023Ca+0.0201, coefficient R
2=0.9995.The typical curve that simulates is shown in Figure 11.
Wastewater sample is tested for a long time, obtained the deviation of the long-term test of native system, and the measurement error that its result and existing flow injection-turbidimetry obtain is done to contrast, the results are shown in Table shown in 8.
Table 7
Table 8
Application examples 5
The precipitation agent preparation: accurately take the analytical purity barium chloride solid of 20g, add a small amount of water-soluble solution, then add the op-10 reagent of 9mL and the ethanolic solution of 2mL, stirring and dissolving, last adding distil water constant volume is in the 250mL volumetric flask, and is standby.
Clean-out system preparation: the EDTA(disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate that accurately takes 8g) solid, add the ammonia spirit of 16mL, dissolve, last adding distil water constant volume is in the 250mL volumetric flask, and is standby.
Standard solution configuration: the pure glazier's salt of the top grade that takes a morsel dry 120min under 110 ℃ of conditions in baking oven, cooling 45min.Accurately take the 2.7200g anhydrous potassium sulfate, with distilled water dissolve and constant volume in the 250mL volumetric flask, as standard solution, SO wherein
3Content be 5000mg/L.
The preparation of standard lean solution: the accurate solution 1mL of difference label taking, 3mL, 5mL, 7mL, 9mL, 11mL, in the 250mL volumetric flask, then add the hydrochloric acid solution of 2mL6mol/L separately, with after the distilled water constant volume, are designated as respectively standard lean solution 28-33, wherein SO
3Concentration be respectively 20mg/L, 60mg/L, 100mg/L, 140mg/L, 180mg/L, 220mg/L.
Sample: wet phosphoric acid purifying liquid, gravimetric method is analyzed SO
3Concentration is 10.25mg/mL, P
2O
5Concentration be 20%.Because sulfate concentration in this sample is higher, surpass the range of linearity of this system testing, therefore need first this solution dilution just can be carried out to follow-up mensuration later; In addition on the one hand, owing in the phosphoric acid by wet process sample, including the foreign ions such as iron, aluminium, magnesium, these ions, under the lower condition of acidity, can be separated out the sediment impact and measure, therefore need to control suitable acidity, suppress sedimentary separating out.In order to make the phosphoric acid by wet process sample remain suitable acidity, the pH value of Quality control is less than 1.5, and we adopt the hydrochloric acid of 1+500 to dilute in dilution system.Dilute later sample and be designated as sample 6, its actual concentration C a
2For 25.63mg/L.
According to the test mode that embodiment 1 provides, test, obtain absorbance corresponding to each standard lean solution, the relation between standard lean solution concentration and absorbance is carried out to linear fit, the linear equation that obtains is: A=0.0023Ca+0.0225, coefficient R
2=0.9992.The typical curve that simulates is shown in Figure 12.
Sample 6 is measured according to the scheme that embodiment 1 provides, obtained actual absorbance.Absorbance A by practical measurement
6, bring in the typical curve linear equation, obtain the result of calculation Ca of sulfate concentration in solution
2, by result of calculation Ca
2With actual sample concentration C a
1Relatively, obtain the deviation that native system is measured, and itself and the measurement error that adopts the rhodizonic acid method to obtain are done to contrast, the results are shown in Table shown in 9.The native system required time of each detection is 130s, and can continuous detecting, and in present wet phosphoric acid purifying liquid, the mensuration of sulfate radical adopts gravimetric method and rhodizonic acid method mostly, and the test duration of each sample needs 2-3 hour, so native system can improve detection speed significantly.
Sample to wet phosphoric acid purifying liquid is tested for a long time, obtains the deviation of the long-term test of native system, and the measurement error that its result and existing flow injection-turbidimetry obtain is done to contrast, the results are shown in Table shown in 10.
Table 9
Table 10
In above-mentioned application examples, the preparation of standard solution is the matched curve for the standard sulfate ion concentration that tests out corresponding concentration, the standard solution that uses in above-mentioned application examples simultaneously is identical, thus the preparation condition of standard solution and environment on the testing process of sample solution without impact.The sample solution of variable concentrations is also just prepared in the preparation of sample solution, and the sample solution system of entering is detected without impact.So this system, to the beneficial effect that the detection of sample produces, depends on the architectural feature of system itself fully.Test data by above application examples shows, applies native system and can analyze sulfate radical in fluid sample, also can analyze the sulfate radical in solid sample.In analytic sample during sulfate concentration, realized continuously, on-line analysis, its accuracy is higher, and detection speed is fast, and good stability can well meet the needs of technical analysis.
Claims (8)
1. the online rapid measuring system of sulfate concentration, is characterized in that: comprise and annotate sample system (2), reactive system (5) and detection system (4);
Described notes sample system (2) comprises the first conveying device (21), the second conveying device (22), eight passage switching valves (23), precipitation agent container (25), detergent container (24), described the first conveying device (21) has first passage (211), second channel (212) and sample line (213), and described the second conveying device (22) has third channel (221), four-way (222);
Described reactive system (5) comprises reaction block (52) and reaction tube (53); Described detection system (4) comprises data processing module (42) and spectrophotometer (41);
described eight passage switching valves (23) comprise rotor (231), stator (232), and described rotor (231) is coaxial with stator (232), described stator (232) is provided with eight tunnel holes (a), described tunnel holes (a) above distributes along even circumferential at stator (232), one end of described eight tunnel holes (a) is positioned on the joint face (232a) that stator (232) has, the other end of each tunnel holes (a) is respectively arranged with first interface (a1), the second interface (a2), the 3rd interface (a3), the 4th interface (a4), the 5th interface (a5), the 6th interface (a6), the 7th interface (a7) and the 8th interface (a8), described rotor (231) is provided with eight intercommunicating pores (b) adaptive with the tunnel holes (a) of stator (232), one end of described intercommunicating pore (b) is positioned on the installed surface (231a) that rotor (231) has, the other end of each intercommunicating pore (b) is respectively arranged with connector one (b1), connector two (b2), connector three (b3), connector four (b4), connector five (b5), connector six (b6), connector seven (b7) and connector eight (b8), described connector one (b1) is communicated with connector five (b5), described connector two (b2) is communicated with connector six (b6), described connector three (b3) is communicated with connector seven (b7), described connector four (b4) is communicated with connector eight (b8), described joint face (232a) and installed surface (231a) laminating,
Described first passage (211) connects with first interface (a1) pipe, second channel (212) pipe connects the 7th interface (a7), third channel (221) pipe connects the second interface (a2), four-way (222) pipe connects the 4th interface (a4), described the 8th interface (a8) pipe connects detergent container (24), and the 6th interface (a6) pipe connects precipitation agent container (25); Described the 3rd interface (a3), the 5th interface (a5) pipe are received reaction block (52), and described sample line (213) pipe is received reaction block (52); Described reaction block (52) connects with an end pipe of reaction tube (53); Described reaction tube (53) other end pipe is received spectrophotometer (41), and described data processing module (42) is electrically connected to spectrophotometer (41).
2. the online rapid measuring system of sulfate concentration as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise microwave sample dissolving system (1), described microwave sample dissolving system (1) comprises microwave dissolver (11), refrigeratory (12), sampling receptacle (13), described microwave dissolver (11), refrigeratory (12), sampling receptacle (13) connect in turn by pipeline, and described sampling receptacle (13) is connected to the sample line (213) of annotating sample system (2) by pipeline.
3. the online rapid measuring system of sulfate concentration as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: also comprise dilution system (3), described dilution system (3) comprises the first discharge pump (31), the second discharge pump (32), the first part flow arrangement (33), dilution tube (35) and the second part flow arrangement (34), the entrance that described the first discharge pump (31) has and sampling receptacle (13) pipe connect, the outlet that the first discharge pump (31) has and described the first part flow arrangement (33) pipe connect, described the second discharge pump (32) pipe is received the first part flow arrangement (33), described the first part flow arrangement (33), dilution tube (35) and the second part flow arrangement (34) pipe in turn connect, described the second part flow arrangement (34) is connected with sample line (213), described the second part flow arrangement (34) has waste liquid outlet.
4. the online rapid measuring system of sulfate concentration as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described the first part flow arrangement (33) and the second part flow arrangement (34) all adopt T-valve.
5. the online rapid measuring system of sulfate concentration as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the tunnel holes (a) of described eight passage switching valves (23) runs through joint face (232a) and the side that stator has, and the intercommunicating pore (b) of described eight passage switching valves (23) runs through installed surface (231a) and the side that rotor (231) has.
6. as claim 1,2,3, the online rapid measuring system of 4 or 5 described sulfate concentration, it is characterized in that: described reactive system (5) also comprises the water-soluble pot of constant temperature (51), and described reaction block (52) and reaction tube (53) are arranged in the water-soluble pot of constant temperature (51).
7. as claim 1,2,3, the online rapid measuring system of 4 or 5 described sulfate concentration, it is characterized in that: described data processing module (42) is computing machine.
8. as claim 1,2,3, the online rapid measuring system of 4 or 5 described sulfate concentration, it is characterized in that: described the first distributor (21) and the second conveying device (22) all adopt multi-channel peristaltic pump.
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Application publication date: 20131120 |