CN103398875B - A kind of device measuring the distribution of ocean suspension oil spilling Petroleum Hydrocarbon concentration vertical - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of device measuring the distribution of ocean suspension oil spilling Petroleum Hydrocarbon concentration vertical, including a bottomed cylindrical shape container and the sampler being installed on container top, described sampler includes the probe tube that many root lengths degree is different, and for fixing the fixing device of described probe tube; Described probe tube is tubular structure, its upper end open, lower end is the sharp-crested structure of bending, sharp-crested direction is vertical with probe tube, sharp-crested design can avoid the petroleum hydrocarbon in disturbance water to greatest extent, and the sharp-crested bottom each probe tube is both facing to the center of hydrostatic column, it is ensured that institute's water sampling is on same vertical line. It is an advantage of the invention that simple in construction, it is possible to fast and easy measures the vertical distribution of suspension oil spilling Petroleum Hydrocarbon concentration, carry out oil spilling for distinct methods and the foundation of offer science is provided.

Description

A device for measuring vertical distribution of petroleum hydrocarbon concentration in marine suspended oil spill

technical field

The invention relates to a device for measuring the vertical distribution of petroleum hydrocarbon concentration in marine suspended oil spill, belonging to the technical field of marine environment monitoring.

Background technique

In recent years, with the exploitation and utilization of offshore oil resources, marine oil spill accidents have occurred frequently during the production and transportation of petroleum processed products. For example, in April 2010, the "Deepwater Horizon" drilling platform explosion in the Gulf of Mexico oil spill accident, in July 2010, the Dalian Dagushan Xingang wharf oil pipeline oil spill accident, in June 2011, the Penglai 19-3 oil field oil spill accident. Petroleum is mainly composed of alkanes with relatively large molecular weights, and it takes a long time to degrade under natural conditions. Oil floats on the sea surface and spreads rapidly to form an oil film, which affects the growth of marine plankton and destroys the ecological balance of the ocean. Marine oil spills are not only harmful to the environment, but also affect human production and life and endanger human health. The treatment of sea surface oil pollution can be roughly divided into three types: physical method, chemical method and biological method. The physical treatment method mainly uses physical means to recover the spilled oil. The chemical treatment method is to spray various chemical agents, such as oil dispersants, adsorbents and other surfactants, which can disperse the oil slick on the sea surface into extremely small particles. , making it emulsify, disperse, dissolve or settle to the seabed in seawater. The biological treatment method is based on the fact that some microorganisms naturally existing in the ocean or soil have a strong ability to oxidize and decompose oil, and use this characteristic of organisms to remove oil flowing into seawater. However, so far, people do not know the law of the vertical distribution of petroleum hydrocarbons suspended in the ocean, so they cannot effectively guide physical, chemical, and biological methods for oil spill treatment.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a simple and rapid indoor device for measuring the vertical distribution of petroleum hydrocarbon concentration in marine suspended oil spills.

The present invention comprises a cylindrical container with a bottom and a sampler installed on the top of the container, the sampler includes a plurality of sampling tubes with different lengths, and a fixing device for fixing the sampling tubes; the sampling tube is a tubular structure , the upper end is open, the lower end is a curved tip structure, the direction of the tip is perpendicular to the sampling tube, the tip design can avoid disturbing the petroleum hydrocarbons in the water to the greatest extent, and the tips at the bottom of each sampling tube are all facing the center of the cylindrical container, Ensure that the water samples taken are on the same vertical line.

The top of the sampling tube is connected to the syringe used for sampling through a rubber connecting tube, and the water is stopped with a water stop clamp.

A drain switch is installed at the bottom of the cylindrical container.

The cylindrical container can be fixed on the base.

When the present invention is in use, the sampler is first fixed on the top of the cylindrical container, and the cylindrical container can be fixed on the base, then water is poured into the container to 0 scale, and a small amount of oil is poured into the top to simulate an oil spill; finally By sampling through sampling pipes of different depths, the vertical distribution law of petroleum hydrocarbons can be determined. The advantage of fixing the sampler first is that samples can be taken at any time without disturbing the oil spill on the water surface or the petroleum hydrocarbons in the water. After sampling, slowly blow out the water in the sampling tube, and then stop the water with a water stop clamp, so as to ensure that the water sample taken is not the water remaining in the sampling tube last time when sampling next time.

The invention has the advantages of simple structure, can conveniently and quickly measure the vertical distribution of petroleum hydrocarbon concentration in suspended oil spill, and provide scientific basis for oil spill treatment by different methods.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a cylindrical container of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the sampler of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the base of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a graph showing the vertical distribution of petroleum hydrocarbon concentration as a function of time measured by the present invention.

Among them, 1. Cylindrical container; 2. Drainage switch; 3. Sampling tube fixing device; 4. Rubber connecting tube; 5. Water stop clamp; 6. Syringe; 7. Sampler; 8. Sampling tube one; Tube two; 10. Sampling tube three; 11. Sampling tube four; 12. Base.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and through specific embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, the device of the present invention comprises a bottomed cylindrical container 1 and a sampler 7 installed on the top of the cylindrical container 1; wherein, the cylindrical container 1 is made of 5mm thick glass, high 100cm, diameter 20cm, the cylinder is marked with scales of different depths from 0-80cm from top to bottom, and the bottom of the cylindrical container 1 is also equipped with a drain switch 2 (as shown in Figure 2); the sampler 7 includes four different lengths Sampling tube, and the fixture 3 that is used to fix described sampling tube 7; Described sampling tube is sampling tube one 8, sampling tube two 9, sampling tube three 10, sampling tube four 11 respectively, and its length is different, can get 10cm respectively , 30cm, 50cm, 70cm and other water samples at different depths, the points of the above-mentioned sampling tubes all face the center of the cylindrical container and are on the same vertical line.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the sampling tube fixing device 3 is a hard foam capable of fixing the sampling tube, and can be fixed on the top of the cylindrical container 1 .

Take sampling tube one 8 as an example below to illustrate its structure. The sampling tube one 8 is made of a thin glass tube with an open upper end and a curved tip structure at the lower end. The limit avoids disturbing the petroleum hydrocarbons in the water, and the point at the bottom of the sampling pipe 8 faces the center of the cylindrical container; the top of the sampling pipe 8 is connected to the syringe 6 for sampling through a rubber connecting pipe 4, and uses a water stop clip 5 to stop the water .

The cylindrical container 1 can be fixed on a base 12 as shown in FIG. 4 .

When the present invention is in use, first fix the four sampling tubes in Fig. 3 on the foam sampling tube fixing device 3, link to each other with the glass syringe 6 through the rubber connecting tube 4, and use the water stop clip 5 to stop the water; then fix the sampler 7 On the top of the cylindrical container 1 in Fig. 2, the device as shown in Fig. 1 is formed; then it is put on the base of Fig. 4 . During the measurement, first inject water to the 0 scale, pour an appropriate amount of oil on the water surface to simulate an oil spill; after a period of settlement, take water samples of different depths through the glass syringe 6, and measure the vertical distribution concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons in the water. The results are as follows: Figure 5 shows. It can be seen from Figure 5 that the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons decreases with the increase of water depth, and the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons at different depths in the water shows an upward trend with the increase of time, and the concentration tends to be stable after a certain period of time.

Those skilled in the art will understand that within the protection scope of the present invention, it is possible to modify, add and replace the above-mentioned embodiments, and none of them exceed the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A sampling device for measuring the vertical distribution of petroleum hydrocarbon concentration in marine suspended oil spills, characterized in that it includes a bottomed cylindrical container (1) and a sampler (7) installed on the top of the container, the sampler (7 ) includes a plurality of sampling tubes with different lengths, and a fixing device (3) for fixing the sampling tubes; the top of the sampling tubes is connected to a syringe (6) for sampling through a rubber connecting tube (4), and is sealed with a water stop Clamp (5) to stop water; the sampling tube is a tubular structure with an open upper end and a curved tip at the lower end. ) and on the same vertical line; fix the sampling tube on the sampling tube fixing device (3), connect it to the syringe (6) through the rubber connecting tube (4), and use the water stop clip (5) to stop water; then fix the sampler (7) on the top of the cylindrical container (1); when measuring, first fill water to the 0 scale, pour an appropriate amount of oil on the water surface to simulate an oil spill, and after a period of settlement, pass through the syringe (6) Take water samples at different depths. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a drain switch (2) is installed at the bottom of the cylindrical container (1). 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical container (1) can be fixed on the base (12).