CN103398376B - Oxygen enriching combustor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an oxygen enriching combustor which comprises reinforcing ribs, an oxygen cavity, an oxygen inlet, an adjusting board, a burner block, a spinning disk and a fuel spraying gun. A primary oxygen inlet channel and a secondary oxygen inlet channel are respectively arranged on the burner block, and the proportion of primary oxygen and secondary oxygen is adjusted through rotation of the adjusting board according to the different fuel characteristics and the different combustion conditions; a daraf spray pipe structure is adopted by a primary oxygen inlet and smoke is sucked back by negative pressure generated through the throat pipe effect in a coiled mode and is mixed with the primary oxygen, so that the ignition characteristics and the combustion stability of fuel are improved; the secondary oxygen channel is deflected at a certain angle to the axis so that the secondary oxygen can reach the center of flames, complete mix can be achieved, and the combustion-off rate of the fuel can be improved; a smoke channel sucking smoke in a coiled mode is distributed along a symmetrical arc line so that the flow resistance of coiling sucking of the smoke can be reduced. The oxygen enriching combustor can improve the combustion efficiency and meanwhile discharge of pollutants can be reduced.

Description

A kind of oxygen-enriched burner

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of oxygen-enriched burner, belong to combustion apparatus boiler technology field.

Background technology

Oxygen-enriched combustion technology because the enthalpy that ignition temperature is high, flue gas is taken away is few, fire behaviour and flame holding is good etc. that advantage is extensively favored.Combustion Energy particularly for some inferior fuels and low calorie fuels produces significant economic benefit.But along with the rising of oxygen concentration, oxygen-enriched combusting temperature increases, heating power NO _xraise, likely can burn combustion apparatus.Further, the combustion flame of oxygen-enriched combusting is short, concentration of energy, and therefore oxygen-enriched combusting has certain limitation in actual applications.

Tradition oxygen-enriched burner allows burner away from high-temperature region usually, avoids too high ignition temperature to damage burner.General method is employing high-speed jet, adds the technology such as cyclone, smoke backflow in burner exit.Use jet combustion technology, can flame be elongated, promote the uniformity coefficient of thermo parameters method.Take smoke backflow technology, outside smoke backflow or inside smoke backflow, can reduce the temperature of burning, improves combustibility and the flame holding of fuel.Take sectional combustion technology and smoke backflow technology, burning is divided into the primary combustion producing reproducibility atmosphere product and by the second-time burning of abundant for fuel after-flame, the NO that the reproducibility atmosphere of primary combustion can generate _xreduction, thus reduce fuel NO _xdischarge, solve NO _xdischarge higher problem.In addition, swirl flow combustion technology, flow type pump with injection combustion technology, all can increase burning turbulivity, strengthening mixed process, be conducive to reducing burner temperature.

The present invention, in conjunction with the sectional combustion technology of conventional burners, inside smoke technique of backflow, swirl flow combustion technology and flow type pump with injection combustion technology, effectively can improve efficiency of combustion and reduce the discharge of burning pollutant.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: the too high heating power NO produced of oxygen-enriched combusting Yin Wendu _xhigher, burner ablation and the problem making Temperature Distribution concentrate because the length of flame is short.

The technical solution used in the present invention: a kind of oxygen-enriched burner, comprising: reinforcement, oxygen chamber, oxygen intake, adjustable plate, burner block, Fuel lance and spinning disk; Described oxygen chamber is placed in burner block rear portion, and the public oxygen chamber of first and second oxygen, regulates the flow of one or two oxygen by adjustable plate, thus makes whole burner when different fuel, different operating mode, can be in optimum Working.Primary oxygen porch produces trunnion effect, sucks the flue gas of primary combustion generation by entrainmenting flue, for the preheating of primary oxygen, is conducive to the fire behaviour and the flame holding that improve fuel.Primary oxygen is flow forward together with the flue gas entrainmented, and flow through the mixing of spinning disk eddy flow, produce certain turbulivity, again entrainment the fuel ejected by Fuel lance, imperfect combustion generates the primary combustion product of reproducibility atmosphere.Secondary oxygen enters combustion chamber from secondary oxygen intake channel injection, and the product of injection burning primary combustion, improves the burn-off rate of fuel.

Primary oxygen access road in described burner block adopts Rafael nozzle structure, forms trunnion effect, produces negative pressure, for entrainmenting flue gas.

Secondary oxygen intake passage in described burner block has a boss forward, and access road and axis angle are 15 ° ~ 30 °, make secondary oxygen can arrive the center of jet fuel, make full combustion of fuel, improves the burn-off rate of fuel.

Certain public angle α is had between the outer adjustment hole of described adjustable plate and interior adjustment hole, clockwise or be rotated counterclockwise spinning disk, can the size of inside and outside adjustment hole flux, thus regulate the ratio of first and second oxygen.

Described outer adjustment hole and interior adjustment hole exist in pairs, and number can be 3 ~ 12.

The described circular arc of entrainmenting flue and being symmetric, can reduce the flow resistance of entrainmenting flue gas.

The swirl vane number of described spinning disk can be 3 ~ 12.

The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:

(1), the present invention is integrated with sectional combustion technology, inside smoke technique of backflow, swirl flow combustion technology and flow type pump with injection combustion technology.Fully utilize the advantage of various combustion technology, reduce the size of burner, effectively can improve the discharge of efficiency of combustion and reduction burning pollutant.

(2), compared to traditional burner, the public same oxygen chamber of the present invention first and second oxygen, and the ratio regulating first and second oxygen by rotating adjustable plate, thus make burning all can obtain optimum efficiency under different fuel, different operating mode.

(3), the present invention entrainments flue gas by the trunnion effect of primary oxygen porch, and the circular arc that flue is symmetric, the flow resistance of flue gas can be reduced.The flue gas entrainmented can improve preheating primary oxygen, improves fire behaviour and the flame holding of fuel.

(4), the present invention adds spinning disk at primary oxygen and the exit of entrainmenting flue gas, primary oxygen and the degree of mixing entrainmenting oxygen can be strengthened, be conducive to the preheating of primary oxygen, the turbulivity of oxidizing gas can be increased simultaneously, the mixability of further reinforcement fuel and oxygen, improves combustibility and the flame holding of fuel.

(5), secondary oxygen channel of the present invention is to axle center intrinsic deflection 15 ° ~ 30 °, the center that oxygen can be made to arrive jet fuel fully contacts with fuel, improves the burn-off rate of fuel, meanwhile, can, by flame injection to whole combustion chamber, make the Temperature Distribution of whole combustion chamber more even.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 (a) is the structural representation of oxygen-enriched burner of the present invention, and Fig. 1 (b) is oxygen-enriched burner fundamental diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of oxygen-enriched burner controllable register of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is oxygen-enriched burner tailspin flow structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is spinning disk graphics of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is three kinds of working condition charts of oxygen-enriched combusting adjustable plate of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is emitter construction figure of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is this burner primary combustion product partitioned area figure.

In figure: 1. reinforcement, 2. oxygen chamber, 3. oxygen intake, 4. adjustable plate, 5. burner block, 6. two oxygen intake passages, 7. primary oxygen access road, 8. Fuel lance, 9. spinning disk, 10. entrainment flue, 11. outer adjustment holes, adjustment hole in 12., 13. swirl vanes.

Detailed description of the invention

The detailed description of the invention of oxygen-enriched burner of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

As Fig. 1, oxygen-enriched burner of the present invention is made up of reinforcement 1, oxygen chamber 2, oxygen intake 3, adjustable plate 4, burner block 5, Fuel lance 8 and spinning disk 9.Oxygen chamber 2 is placed in burner block 5 rear portion, for store oxygen.First and second O ₂a public oxygen chamber, adjustable plate 4 is between oxygen chamber 2 and burner block 5.An O ₂access road 7 is the little trunnion in large centre, two, by entrainmenting the circular arc that flue 10 is symmetric.Spinning disk 9 is positioned at primary oxygen access road 7 and exports, entrainments flue 10 metastomium, and as Fig. 3,4, swirl vane 13 number is 3 ~ 12.Secondary oxygen intake passage 6 is to axle center intrinsic deflection 15 ~ 30 °.As Fig. 2,5, the outer adjustment hole of adjustable plate 4 11 and interior adjustment hole 12 distribute in pairs and public angle is α each other, and the number in hole is 3 ~ 12.

Oxygen-enriched burner operation principle of the present invention is as follows:

Oxygen enters oxygen chamber from oxygen intake 3, combustion chamber is entered respectively from primary oxygen access road 7 and secondary oxygen intake passage 6, the Rafael nozzle structure that primary oxygen access road 7 is little in large centre, two, negative pressure being formed at trunnion place, entrainmenting a flue gas of combustion chamber generation by entrainmenting flue 10.As Fig. 6,

$\frac{G_1{\mathrm{\ω}}_1}{g}+\frac{G_2{\mathrm{\ω}}_2}{g}-\frac{G_3{\mathrm{\ω}}_3}{g}=F_3(p_3-p_2)---(1-1)$

In formula, G ₁and ω ₁be respectively weight flow and the flow velocity of gas jet; G ₂and ω ₂be respectively weight flow and the flow velocity of ejection gas; G ₃and ω ₃be respectively weight flow and the flow velocity of mist; F ₂and F ₃be respectively the sectional area of mixing tube inlet and outlet; p ₂and p ₃be respectively the pressure of mixing tube inlet and outlet.

$p_3+\frac{{\mathrm{\ν}}_3{\mathrm{\ω}}_3^2}{2g}=p_4+\frac{{\mathrm{\ν}}_4{\mathrm{\ω}}_4^2}{2g}+K_3\frac{{\mathrm{\ν}}_3{\mathrm{\ω}}_3^2}{2g}---(1-2)$

In formula, g is acceleration of gravity; ν ₃, ν ₄be respectively diffuser pipe and import and export gas density, and think ν ₃=ν ₄;

for the drag losses between the 3-4 of cross section.

Again because F ₃ω ₃=F ₄ω ₄(1-3)

So formula (1-2) can be write as:

$p_4-p_3=[1-{\left(\frac{F_3}{F_4}\right)}^2-K_3]\frac{{\mathrm{\ν}}_3{\mathrm{\ω}}_3^2}{2g}={\mathrm{\η}}_K\frac{{\mathrm{\ν}}_3{\mathrm{\ω}}_3^2}{2g}---(1-4)$

In formula, be called the efficiency of diffuser pipe, it represents the pressure of diffuser pipe increase and the ratio of the dynamic head of diffuser intake sectional area; K ₃for the total drag coefficients of diffuser pipe and mixing tube, when getting time, η _k=0.36.

$p_0=p_2+\frac{{\mathrm{\ν}}_2{\mathrm{\ω}}_2^2}{2g}+K_2\frac{{\mathrm{\ν}}_2{\mathrm{\ω}}_2^2}{2g}=p_2+(1+K_2)\frac{{\mathrm{\ν}}_2{\mathrm{\ω}}_2^2}{2g}---(1-5)$

In formula, p ₀for by the pressure of primary combustion product, be generally atmospheric pressure; p ₂for the pressure of mixing tube import department, be generally negative pressure; K ₂for the resistance coefficient of air-breathing collapsible tube.

Composite type (1-1) (1-4) (1-5)

$p_4-p_2=\frac{{\mathrm{\ν}}_3{\mathrm{\ω}}_3(G_1{\mathrm{\ω}}_1+G_2{\mathrm{\ω}}_2-G_3{\mathrm{\ω}}_3)}{g{G}_3}+{\mathrm{\η}}_K\frac{{\mathrm{\ν}}_3{\mathrm{\ω}}_3^2}{2g}---(1-6)$

$p_4-p_0=\frac{{\mathrm{\ν}}_3{\mathrm{\ω}}_3(G_1{\mathrm{\ω}}_1+G_2{\mathrm{\ω}}_2-G_3{\mathrm{\ω}}_3)}{g{G}_3}+{\mathrm{\η}}_K\frac{{\mathrm{\ν}}_3{\mathrm{\ω}}_3^2}{2g}-(1+K_2)\frac{{\mathrm{\ν}}_2{\mathrm{\ω}}_2^2}{2g}---(1-7)$

By the fundamental equation zero dimension of injector.Order

$n=\frac{G_3}{G_1}=\frac{G_1+G_2}{G_1}$

For weight sprays ratio;

$m=\frac{V_3}{V_1}=\frac{V_1+V_2}{V_1}$

For volume sprays ratio;

$\mathrm{\Φ}=\frac{F_3}{F_1}$

For the area ratio of mixing tube and playpipe, according to various above, also can draw:

$\frac{G_2}{G_1}=n-1;\frac{V_2}{V_1}=m-1;\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_3}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_1}=\frac{m}{\mathrm{\Φ}};\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_2}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_1}=\frac{m-1}{\mathrm{\Φ}};\frac{{\mathrm{\ν}}_3}{{\mathrm{\ν}}_1}=\frac{n}{m};\frac{{\mathrm{\ν}}_2}{{\mathrm{\ν}}_1}=\frac{n-1}{m-1}$

Various substitution above (1-6) (1-7) is obtained:

$p_4-p_2=[\frac{2}{\mathrm{\Φ}}-\frac{(2-{\mathrm{\η}}_K)m\·n}{{\mathrm{\Φ}}^2}+\frac{2(m-1)\·(n-1)}{{\mathrm{\Φ}}^2}]\·\frac{{\mathrm{\ν}}_1{\mathrm{\ω}}_1^2}{2g}---(1-8)$

$p_4-p_0=[\frac{2}{\mathrm{\Φ}}-\frac{(2-{\mathrm{\η}}_K)m\·n}{{\mathrm{\Φ}}^2}+\frac{(1-K_2)(m-1)\·(n-1)}{{\mathrm{\Φ}}^2}]\·\frac{{\mathrm{\ν}}_1{\mathrm{\ω}}_1^2}{2g}---(1-9)$

Find out by two formulas above, the draft that trunnion place produces export kinetic energy to ejection medium to be directly proportional, its ratio and spray-hole physical dimension with spray than relevant.

The flue gas entrainmented and primary oxygen flow forward, flow through spinning disk 9, and strengthen the mixing of primary oxygen and primary oxygen, preheating flue gas, increases the turbulivity of mist simultaneously.From Fuel lance 8 fuel ejected and the fuel mix having certain turbulivity, export out generation primary combustion at Fuel lance 8, its combustion atmospheres is the NO of rich fuel atmosphere, generation _xcan be reduced by fuel, due to smoke backflow, fire behaviour and the flame holding of fuel can be improved.Again because now rich fuel atmosphere, flame temperature is lower than heating power NO _x1500 DEG C that generate, can significantly reduce heating power NO _xdischarge.In combustion chamber, primary combustion is divided into following four regions:

1-volatile combustion district, region

In – volatile matter, nitrogen compound burning generates NO _x

N+O in – volatile matter ₂----volatile matter NO

The region of region 2-generation reproducibility composition, that is:

– hydrocarbon HC---CH, C ₂deng group

–CH+NO—NH _i+CO

–C ₂+NO—CN+CO

3-char combustion district, region

Nitrogen burning in – coke generates NO _x, that is:

N+O in – coke ₂-coke NO

Region 4-NO _xreduce district

–NH+NO→N ₂+OH

–CN+NO→N ₂+CO

–CO+NO→CO ₂+0.5N ₂

–C+NO→CO+0.5N ₂

Single-stage combustion is in 2,4 regions, and oxidative components and reproducibility composition are had an effect, and reduced by the fuel NOX generated, the fuel NOX that burning is produced significantly reduces.

One time flue gas continues flow forward, in combustion chamber, Thorough combustion is there is away from the position of burner with secondary oxygen, now combustion atmospheres is oxygen-enriched combusting, ignition temperature is high, flame becomes clear, and penetrates direction and axis presss from both sides certain angle due to secondary oxygen heat, preferably 15 ° ~ 30 °, make oxygen can arrive the center of jet fuel, improve the burn-off rate of fuel.Entrainment the circular arc type that flue 10 is symmetric, can smoke flow resistance be reduced.As Fig. 5, adjustable plate 4 can clockwise or be rotated counterclockwise, by rotating adjustable plate 4, whole burner can be made to be in three kinds of operating modes such as primary oxygen > bis-oxygen, primary oxygen < bis-oxygen, one or two oxygen intake closedowns, thus to meet the combustion requirements under different fuel, different operating mode.

Adopt this burner, for low calorie fuels, capacity usage ratio can improve 10 ~ 15, and NOx emission can reduce by 30 ~ 40.

Description of the present invention does not elaborate part and belongs to techniques well known.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. an oxygen-enriched burner, it is characterized in that, comprising: reinforcement (1), oxygen chamber (2), oxygen intake (3), adjustable plate (4), burner block (5), Fuel lance (8) and spinning disk (9); Described oxygen chamber (2) is placed in burner block (5) rear portion, first and second oxygen shares an oxygen chamber, regulated the flow of one or two oxygen by adjustable plate (4), thus make whole burner when different fuel, different operating mode, can optimum Working be in; Primary oxygen porch produces trunnion effect, sucks the flue gas of primary combustion generation by entrainmenting flue (10), for the preheating of primary oxygen, is conducive to the fire behaviour and the flame holding that improve fuel; Primary oxygen is flow forward together with the flue gas entrainmented, flow through the mixing of spinning disk (9) eddy flow, produce certain turbulivity, again entrainment the fuel ejected by Fuel lance (8), imperfect combustion generates the primary combustion product of reproducibility atmosphere; Secondary oxygen spurts into combustion chamber from secondary oxygen intake passage (6), the product of injection primary combustion, improves the burn-off rate of fuel.

2. oxygen-enriched burner according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: primary oxygen access road (7) passage in described burner block (5) is the little Rafael nozzle structure in large centre, two, forming trunnion effect, producing negative pressure, for entrainmenting flue gas.

3. oxygen-enriched burner according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the secondary oxygen intake passage (6) in described burner block (5) has a boss forward, access road and axis angle are 15 ° ~ 30 °, make secondary oxygen can arrive the center of jet fuel, make full combustion of fuel, improve the burn-off rate of fuel.

4. oxygen-enriched burner according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: between the outer adjustment hole (11) of described adjustable plate (4) and interior adjustment hole (12), have certain public angle α, clockwise or be rotated counterclockwise spinning disk, can the size of inside and outside adjustment hole flux, thus regulate the ratio of first and second oxygen.

5. oxygen-enriched burner according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described outer adjustment hole (11) and interior adjustment hole (12) exist in pairs, and number is 3 ~ 12.

6. oxygen-enriched burner according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described in entrainment the circular arc that flue (10) is symmetric, can the flow resistance of entrainmenting flue gas be reduced.

7. oxygen-enriched burner according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: swirl vane (13) number of described spinning disk (9) is 3 ~ 12.