CN103396810B - Vertical pyrolysis apparatus for biochar production - Google Patents
Vertical pyrolysis apparatus for biochar production Download PDFInfo
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- CN103396810B CN103396810B CN201310282903.9A CN201310282903A CN103396810B CN 103396810 B CN103396810 B CN 103396810B CN 201310282903 A CN201310282903 A CN 201310282903A CN 103396810 B CN103396810 B CN 103396810B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vertical pyrolysis apparatus for biochar production, which comprises a furnace body and a sedimentation reactor, wherein a first star-shaped feeder is transversely arranged in a feed port at the top of the furnace body, and a second star-shaped feeder is arranged at the lower part; an inner division layer divides the furnace body into a raw material pyrolysis zone and a biochar cooling zone; the outer side of an annular guide plate is fixed on the inner side of the furnace body, the circle center position of a circular guide plate is fixed in the center of the furnace body and arranged in the inner cavity of the sedimentation reactor, and the sedimentation reactor is positioned between the two guide plates and kept out of contact with the two guide plates; the upper part of the sedimentation reactor is provided with a pyrolysis gas pipeline communicated with a pyrolysis gas outlet; the raw material pyrolysis zone is provided with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet, the biochar cooling zone is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and a flue gas pipe and an air pipe respectively extend from the outside of the furnace body into the inner cavity of the sedimentation reactor; and a star-shaped discharger is transversely mounted in a discharge port at the bottom of the furnace body. The apparatus can ensure that the raw material is uniformly heated and the pyrolysis time is controllable in production, can realize continuous production, and is high in production efficiency and energy utilization rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biomass and derivative pyrolysis plant thereof, particularly a kind of vertical pyrolysis plant of producing for charcoal.
Background technology
Charcoal is the solid state heat hydrolysis products that biomass and derivative pyrolysis under anaerobic environment (carbonization) thereof are processed.Along with the discovery of Amazon " black earth ", charcoal is due to improvement soil and reduce the great function of reduction of greenhouse gas discharge aspect and be subject to scientist's extensive concern.In principle, the preparation process of charcoal is very simple, in anaerobic environment, charcoal is heated, and charcoal is decomposes gradually, discharges a part of volatile matter, be converted into pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis oil, and remaining solid product is charcoal.Therefore, the most ancient earth kiln, brickkiln can be produced charcoal, and in recent years, new drum-type cracking instrument, screw cracking instrument and rotary kiln cracking instrument can be produced for charcoal equally.Equally can produce equally charcoal to produce pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis oil as the various pyrolysis plants of object.But, these production units or taking pyrolysis gas or pyrolysis oil as target product, taking mainly as the solid product (more definitely becoming charcoal, coke) of fuel as target product, and these solid products and charcoal all have greatest differences in character and purposes, therefore these equipment are not all suitable for taking soil improvement and reduce the charcoal production process of greenhouse gases as application purpose.
Identical with production pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis gas, charcoal (coke), raw material is hot poor conductor, in actual production process, top layer raw material is fully heated, pyrolysis is complete, and inner raw material also reaches far away preset temperature, causes its very long pyrolysis time, reduce production efficiency, had a strong impact on product property stability simultaneously.Therefore, the being heated evenly property that improves raw material is to reduce pyrolysis time, the main method of enhancing productivity.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of vertical pyrolysis plant of producing for charcoal is provided.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of vertical pyrolysis plant of producing for charcoal, comprise body of heater, body of heater top is provided with opening for feed, the first star-like feeder is laterally arranged in opening for feed, and the second star-like feeder and the body of heater concentric that are installed on precipitation reaction device are arranged on the first star-like feeder bottom; Body of heater is divided into raw material pyrolysis zone and charcoal cooling zone by inner compartment layer, and thermal insulation layer is positioned at furnace body inside and inner compartment layer both sides; Furnace body inside is fixed in ring diversion plate outside, circular flow deflector home position is fixed on body of heater center and is placed in precipitation reaction device inner chamber, precipitation reaction device also keeps not contacting between ring diversion plate and circular flow deflector, and precipitation reaction device is connected and composed by several unit head and the tail from top to bottom; Precipitation reaction device top is provided with pyrolysis gas pipeline, and pyrolysis gas pipeline communication is positioned at the pyrolysis gas outlet of upper of furnace body; Bottom, raw material pyrolysis zone is provided with gas approach, top is provided with exhanst gas outlet, the fume pipe that connects gas approach and the fume pipe that is connected exhanst gas outlet respectively from body of heater extension to precipitation reaction device inner chamber, on the flue gas pipeline section of raw material pyrolysis zone, be respectively equipped with some venting holes, bottom, charcoal cooling zone is provided with air intlet, top is provided with air vout, the blast main that connects air intlet and the blast main that is connected air vout respectively from body of heater extension to precipitation reaction device inner chamber, on the air pipeline section of charcoal cooling zone, be respectively equipped with some venting holes; Bottom of furnace body is provided with discharge port, and star-like discharger is horizontally installed in discharge port.
The first star-like feeder is laterally installed and is played sealing function, the second star-like feeder is longitudinally installed, biomass material can be dispersed to equably to precipitation reaction device internal space, thermal insulation layer trap heat is to body of heater external diffusion, improve heat utilization ratio, flue gas and air enter after body of heater reverse with raw material working direction, better heat-shift, by the effective pyrolysis of raw material in raw material pyrolysis zone, charcoal cooling zone heat is taken away in time.The venting hole of fume pipe can ensure that a part of high-temperature flue gas enters in precipitation reaction device inner chamber, the incoming stock pyrolysis zone of another part high-temperature flue gas, the venting hole of blast main can ensure that portion of air enters in precipitation reaction device inner chamber, and another part air enters charcoal cooling zone.
The middle and lower part of described inner compartment layer in body of heater, makes raw material pyrolysis zone longitudinal length be longer than charcoal cooling zone.Raw material pyrolysis zone is larger, is conducive to fully by raw material pyrolysis.
Described each unit is by the first funnel-form conical surface, the first anti-funnel-form conical surface, the second funnel-form conical surface, the second anti-funnel-form conical surface forms, the first funnel-form conical surface bottom and the first anti-funnel-form conical surface bottom combination, the second funnel-form conical surface bottom and the second anti-funnel-form conical surface bottom combination, between the first funnel-form conical surface and the second funnel-form conical surface, form the first internal space, between the first anti-funnel-form conical surface and the second anti-funnel-form conical surface, form the second internal space, several first internal spaces and the second internal space are connected and form the internal space of precipitation reaction device.
The external diameter of described ring diversion plate is consistent and extend and be fixed on furnace body inside, its internal diameter is from top to bottom along with the second anti-funnel-form conical surface reduces gradually, reach minimum to the second anti-funnel-form conical surface bottom, again along with the second funnel-form conical surface increases gradually, reach maximum to the second funnel-form conical surface top, the horizontal throw of ring diversion plate and precipitation reaction device is consistent.
Described circular flow deflector diameter is from top to bottom along with the first anti-funnel-form conical surface increases gradually, reach maximum to the first anti-funnel-form conical surface bottom, again along with the first funnel-form conical surface dwindles gradually, reach minimum to the first funnel-form conical surface top, the horizontal throw of circular flow deflector and precipitation reaction device is consistent.
The described first funnel-form conical surface, the first anti-funnel-form conical surface, the second funnel-form conical surface, the second anti-funnel-form conical surface become respectively 40-50 degree angle with body of heater axis.
The described first anti-funnel-form conical surface is provided with the first charcoal flow deflector, and the second funnel-form conical surface is provided with the second charcoal flow deflector.
Described pyrolysis gas pipeline is connected in the junction, bottom of the second funnel-form conical surface and the second anti-funnel-form conical surface of first unit, precipitation reaction device top.
Advantage of the present invention is: this equipment have advantages of can produce continuously, production efficiency is high, energy utilization rate is high, moving parts is few; Production process Raw is heated evenly, pyrolysis time is controlled, and the charcoal character of therefore producing is homogeneous, stable more, is applicable to soil application.
Brief description of the drawings
The structural representation that accompanying drawing 1 is the vertical pyrolysis plant of the present invention;
The structural representation that accompanying drawing 2 is a unit of precipitation reaction device;
The A-A sectional view that accompanying drawing 3 is Fig. 2;
The B-B sectional view that accompanying drawing 4 is Fig. 2.
Reference numeral implication in figure:
1, opening for feed, 2, the first star-like feeder, 3, the second star-like feeder, 4, body of heater, 5, inner compartment layer, 6, thermal insulation layer, 7, ring diversion plate, 8, circular flow deflector, 9, precipitation reaction device, 10, pyrolysis gas pipeline, 11, pyrolysis gas outlet, 12, gas approach, 13, exhanst gas outlet, 14, air intlet, 15, air vout, 16, star-like discharger, 17, charcoal outlet, 18, unit, 19, the first funnel-form conical surface, 20, the first anti-funnel-form conical surface, 21, the second funnel-form conical surface, 22, the second anti-funnel-form conical surface, 23, the first internal space, 24, the second internal space, 25, internal space, 26, the first charcoal flow deflector, 27, the second charcoal flow deflector, 28, raw material pyrolysis zone, 29, charcoal cooling zone, 30, venting hole, 31, precipitation reaction device inner chamber.
Embodiment
Embodiment
Consult Fig. 1, a kind of vertical pyrolysis plant of producing for charcoal, comprise body of heater 4, body of heater 4 tops are provided with opening for feed 1, the first star-like feeder 2 is laterally arranged in opening for feed 1, and the second star-like feeder 3 being installed on precipitation reaction device 9 is arranged on the first star-like feeder 2 bottoms with body of heater 4 concentrics, body of heater 4 is divided into raw material pyrolysis zone 28 and charcoal cooling zone 29 by inner compartment layer 5, and thermal insulation layer 6 is positioned at body of heater 4 inner sides and inner compartment layer 5 both sides, body of heater 4 inner sides are fixed in ring diversion plate 7 outsides, circular flow deflector 8 home positions are fixed on body of heater 4 centers and are placed in precipitation reaction device inner chamber 31, precipitation reaction device 9 also keeps not contacting between ring diversion plate 7 and circular flow deflector 8, and precipitation reaction device 9 is connected and composed by several unit 18 head and the tail from top to bottom, precipitation reaction device 9 tops are provided with pyrolysis gas pipeline 10, and pyrolysis gas pipeline 10 is communicated with the pyrolysis gas outlet 11 that is positioned at upper of furnace body, 28 bottoms, raw material pyrolysis zone are provided with gas approach 12, top is provided with exhanst gas outlet 13, the fume pipe that connects gas approach 12 and the fume pipe that is connected exhanst gas outlet 13 respectively from body of heater 4 extensions to precipitation reaction device inner chamber 31, on the flue gas pipeline section of raw material pyrolysis zone 28, be respectively equipped with some venting holes 30, 29 bottoms, charcoal cooling zone are provided with air intlet 14, top is provided with air vout 15, the blast main that connects air intlet 14 and the blast main that is connected air vout 15 respectively from body of heater 4 extensions to precipitation reaction device inner chamber 31, on the air pipeline section of charcoal cooling zone 29, be respectively equipped with some venting holes 30, body of heater 4 bottoms are provided with discharge port 17, and star-like discharger 16 is horizontally installed in discharge port 17.
The first star-like feeder 2 is laterally installed and is played sealing function, the second star-like feeder 3 is longitudinally installed, biomass material can be dispersed to equably to precipitation reaction device 9 internal spaces 25, thermal insulation layer 6 trap heat are to body of heater 4 external diffusions, improve heat utilization ratio, flue gas and air enter after body of heater 4 reverse with raw material working direction, and energy is heat-shift better, by the effective pyrolysis of interior raw material pyrolysis zone 28 raw material, charcoal cooling zone 29 heats are taken away in time.The venting hole 30 of fume pipe can ensure that a part of high-temperature flue gas enters in precipitation reaction device inner chamber 31, the incoming stock pyrolysis zone 28 of another part high-temperature flue gas, the venting hole 30 of blast main can ensure that portion of air enters in precipitation reaction device inner chamber 31, and another part air enters charcoal cooling zone 29.
The middle and lower part of described inner compartment layer 5 in body of heater 4, makes raw material pyrolysis zone 28 longitudinal lengths be longer than charcoal cooling zone 29.Raw material pyrolysis zone 28 is larger, is conducive to fully by raw material pyrolysis.
Described each unit 18 is by the first funnel-form conical surface 19, the first anti-funnel-form conical surface 20, the second funnel-form conical surface 21, the second anti-funnel-form conical surface 22 forms, be combined with the first anti-funnel-form conical surface 20 bottoms in the first funnel-form conical surface 19 bottoms, be combined with the second anti-funnel-form conical surface 22 bottoms in the second funnel-form conical surface 21 bottoms, between the first funnel-form conical surface 19 and the second funnel-form conical surface 21, form the first internal space 23, between the first anti-funnel-form conical surface 20 and the second anti-funnel-form conical surface 22, form the second internal space 24, several first internal spaces 23 and the second internal space 24 are connected and form the internal space 25 of precipitation reaction device 9.
The external diameter of described ring diversion plate 7 is consistent and extend and be fixed on body of heater 4 inner sides, its internal diameter is from top to bottom along with the second anti-funnel-form conical surface 22 reduces gradually, reach minimum to the second anti-funnel-form conical surface 22 bottoms, again along with the second funnel-form conical surface 21 increases gradually, reach maximum to the second funnel-form conical surface 21 tops, ring diversion plate 7 is consistent with the horizontal throw of precipitation reaction device 9.
Described circular flow deflector 8 diameters are from top to bottom along with the first anti-funnel-form conical surface 20 increases gradually, reach maximum to the first anti-funnel-form conical surface 20 bottoms, again along with the first funnel-form conical surface 19 dwindles gradually, reach minimum to the first funnel-form conical surface 19 tops, circular flow deflector 8 is consistent with the horizontal throw of precipitation reaction device 9.
The described first funnel-form conical surface 19, the first anti-funnel-form conical surface 20, the second funnel-form conical surface 21, the second anti-funnel-form conical surface 22 become respectively 40-50 degree angle with body of heater axis.
The described first anti-funnel-form conical surface 20 is provided with first charcoal flow deflector 26, the second funnel-form conical surfaces 21 and is provided with the second charcoal flow deflector 27.
Described pyrolysis gas pipeline 10 is connected in the junction, bottom of the second funnel-form conical surface 21 and the second anti-funnel-form conical surface 22 of first unit 18, precipitation reaction device 9 tops.
The specific works process of the present embodiment is as follows:
First the high-temperature flue gas other fuel of burning being produced enters body of heater 4 inside from gas approach 12, part high-temperature flue gas directly enters in precipitation reaction device inner chamber 31, another part high-temperature flue gas is by the incoming stock pyrolysis zone 28 of venting hole 30, precipitation reaction device 9 is heated to 300-700 DEG C, then discharges from exhanst gas outlet 13 through induced draft fan (not shown); The biological particles travelling belt being crushed to below 10mm is sent to opening for feed 1, sends into the second star-like feeder 3 through the first star-like feeder 2; Be heated in the precipitation reaction device 9 internal space 25 decline processes in raw material pyrolysis zone 28 drying, decomposition, carbonization of biological particles is converted into pyrolysis gas and charcoal; Pyrolysis gas is drawn and is directly sent into burner (not shown) through induced draft fan (not shown) from pyrolysis gas outlet 11; Charcoal is cooled to gradually a little more than room temperature in the decanter type reactor 9 internal space 25 decline processes in charcoal cooling zone 29, then sends from charcoal outlet 17 via star-like discharger 16; Freezing air enters from air intlet 14, be provided with the blast main of some venting holes 30 in charcoal cooling zone, a freezing air part is directly entered in precipitation reaction device inner chamber 31, another part enters charcoal cooling zone 29 by venting hole 30, the heat of charcoal, by the freezing air heating entering from air intlet 14, then leads to burner (not shown) from air vout 15 through induced draft fan (not shown); The high-temperature flue gas that the burning of pyrolysis gas and warm air produces enters body of heater 4 inside from gas approach 12, continues as that new biomass material is converted into charcoal and pyrolysis gas provides energy.
Claims (5)
1. a vertical pyrolysis plant of producing for charcoal, comprise body of heater (4), it is characterized in that: body of heater (4) top is provided with opening for feed (1), the first star-like feeder (2) is laterally arranged in opening for feed (1), and the second star-like feeder (3) being installed on precipitation reaction device (9) is arranged on the first star-like feeder (2) bottom with body of heater (4) concentric, body of heater (4) is divided into raw material pyrolysis zone (28) and charcoal cooling zone (29) by inner compartment layer (5), and thermal insulation layer (6) is positioned at body of heater (4) inner side and inner compartment layer (5) both sides, body of heater (4) inner side is fixed in ring diversion plate (7) outside, circular flow deflector (8) home position is fixed on body of heater (4) center and is placed in precipitation reaction device inner chamber (31), precipitation reaction device (9) is positioned between ring diversion plate (7) and circular flow deflector (8) and keeps not contacting, and precipitation reaction device (9) is connected and composed by several unit (18) head and the tail from top to bottom, described each unit (18) is by the first funnel-form conical surface (19), the first anti-funnel-form conical surface (20), the second funnel-form conical surface (21), the second anti-funnel-form conical surface (22) forms, the the first funnel-form conical surface (19) bottom and the first anti-funnel-form conical surface (20) bottom combination, the the second funnel-form conical surface (21) bottom and the second anti-funnel-form conical surface (22) bottom combination, between the first funnel-form conical surface (19) and the second funnel-form conical surface (21), form the first internal space (23), between the first anti-funnel-form conical surface (20) and the second anti-funnel-form conical surface (22), form the second internal space (24), several first internal spaces (23) and the second internal space (24) are connected and form the internal space (25) of precipitation reaction device (9), the external diameter of described ring diversion plate (7) is consistent and extend and be fixed on body of heater (4) inner side, its internal diameter is from top to bottom along with the second anti-funnel-form conical surface (22) reduces gradually, reach minimum to the second anti-funnel-form conical surface (22) bottom, again along with the second funnel-form conical surface (21) increases gradually, reach maximum to the second funnel-form conical surface (21) top, ring diversion plate (7) is consistent with the horizontal throw of precipitation reaction device (9), described circular flow deflector (8) diameter is from top to bottom along with the first anti-funnel-form conical surface (20) increases gradually, reach maximum to the first anti-funnel-form conical surface (20) bottom, again along with the first funnel-form conical surface (19) dwindles gradually, reach minimum to the first funnel-form conical surface (19) top, circular flow deflector (8) is consistent with the horizontal throw of precipitation reaction device (9), precipitation reaction device (9) top is provided with pyrolysis gas pipeline (10), and pyrolysis gas pipeline (10) is communicated with the pyrolysis gas outlet (11) that is positioned at upper of furnace body, bottom, raw material pyrolysis zone (28) is provided with gas approach (12), top is provided with exhanst gas outlet (13), the fume pipe that connects gas approach (12) and the fume pipe that is connected exhanst gas outlet (13) respectively from body of heater (4) extension to precipitation reaction device inner chamber (31), on the flue gas pipeline section of raw material pyrolysis zone (28), be respectively equipped with some venting holes (30), bottom, charcoal cooling zone (29) is provided with air intlet (14), top is provided with air vout (15), the blast main that connects air intlet (14) and the blast main that is connected air vout (15) respectively from body of heater (4) extension to precipitation reaction device inner chamber (31), on the air pipeline section of charcoal cooling zone (29), be respectively equipped with some venting holes (30), body of heater (4) bottom is provided with discharge port (17), and star-like discharger (16) is horizontally installed in discharge port (17).
2. the vertical pyrolysis plant of producing for charcoal according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the middle and lower part of described inner compartment layer (5) in body of heater (4), described raw material pyrolysis zone (28) longitudinal length is longer than charcoal cooling zone (29).
3. the vertical pyrolysis plant of producing for charcoal according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the described first funnel-form conical surface (19), the first anti-funnel-form conical surface (20), the second funnel-form conical surface (21), the second anti-funnel-form conical surface (22) become respectively 40-50 degree angle with body of heater axis.
4. the vertical pyrolysis plant of producing for charcoal according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the described first anti-funnel-form conical surface (20) is provided with the first charcoal flow deflector (26), and the second funnel-form conical surface (21) is provided with the second charcoal flow deflector (27).
5. the vertical pyrolysis plant of producing for charcoal according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described pyrolysis gas pipeline (10) is connected in the junction, bottom of the second funnel-form conical surface (21) Yu the second anti-funnel-form conical surface (22) of first unit, precipitation reaction device (9) top (18).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310282903.9A CN103396810B (en) | 2013-07-05 | 2013-07-05 | Vertical pyrolysis apparatus for biochar production |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310282903.9A CN103396810B (en) | 2013-07-05 | 2013-07-05 | Vertical pyrolysis apparatus for biochar production |
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| CN103396810A CN103396810A (en) | 2013-11-20 |
| CN103396810B true CN103396810B (en) | 2014-12-10 |
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| CN201310282903.9A Active CN103396810B (en) | 2013-07-05 | 2013-07-05 | Vertical pyrolysis apparatus for biochar production |
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| CN113684040A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-11-23 | 辽宁恒润农业有限公司 | Carbonization furnace for producing biomass carbon-based fertilizer |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB713471A (en) * | 1950-12-22 | 1954-08-11 | Tech Ind Soc D | Improvements in apparatus for the distillation of coal |
| US3274702A (en) * | 1962-06-04 | 1966-09-27 | Kleinberg Gustave | Ovens for treating compressed coal briquettes |
| US3630276A (en) * | 1970-02-10 | 1971-12-28 | Nasa | Shell-side liquid metal boiler |
| CN102816581A (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2012-12-12 | 华中科技大学 | Vertical tube moving bed continuous pyrolysis apparatus for biomass |
| CN102911677A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-02-06 | 太原理工大学 | Coal thermolysis device for heat-carrying gas |
-
2013
- 2013-07-05 CN CN201310282903.9A patent/CN103396810B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB713471A (en) * | 1950-12-22 | 1954-08-11 | Tech Ind Soc D | Improvements in apparatus for the distillation of coal |
| US3274702A (en) * | 1962-06-04 | 1966-09-27 | Kleinberg Gustave | Ovens for treating compressed coal briquettes |
| US3630276A (en) * | 1970-02-10 | 1971-12-28 | Nasa | Shell-side liquid metal boiler |
| CN102816581A (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2012-12-12 | 华中科技大学 | Vertical tube moving bed continuous pyrolysis apparatus for biomass |
| CN102911677A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-02-06 | 太原理工大学 | Coal thermolysis device for heat-carrying gas |
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