CN103396019A - Method for resource utilization of water-containing sludge - Google Patents
Method for resource utilization of water-containing sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN103396019A CN103396019A CN2013103159392A CN201310315939A CN103396019A CN 103396019 A CN103396019 A CN 103396019A CN 2013103159392 A CN2013103159392 A CN 2013103159392A CN 201310315939 A CN201310315939 A CN 201310315939A CN 103396019 A CN103396019 A CN 103396019A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for resource utilization of water-containing sludge. At a section from a raw material shed or a raw material warehouse to a raw material vertical milling area in a dry-method cement production line, water-containing sludge is mixed into raw material or put in a vertical mill, so as to adjust the comprehensive water content and the material plasticity of raw materials and the vertically milled material of the raw material to 3wt% to 15wt%; and the sludge-containing raw material powder which is prepared from the vertically milled raw material is fed into a cement kiln system so as to be calcined into cement clinker. According to the method, based on such natural characteristics of water-containing sludge as high water content, the flocculence structure, the plasticviscosity, water content and plasticity required by the vertically milled material can be provided, the application requirements of the raw material vertical mill are met, the purpose of resource utilization of the water-containing sludge is reached, the method is simple, feasible, practical and low in investment, the harmless treatment of water-containing sludge is realized, the investment in technical transformation of the method is small, the utilization amount of the sludge is large, and good benefits and optimal economy are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sludge treatment and utilize method, especially relating to the method for the recycling of a kind of water-containing sludge on dry cement production line.
Background technology
Water-containing sludge, except containing part of clay class inorganics, also contains organism, pathogenic agent microorganism or hazardous and noxious substances, because moisture content is high, and is the flocculence moisture structure, and harmless treatment is difficulty extremely, more is difficult to directly implement recycling.
At present, the treatment process of water-containing sludge, except landfill, compost, potting grain etc., world advanced person's water-containing sludge treatment technology roughly is divided into two large classes.
The first kind is, utilizes thermoelectricity waste heat or cement kiln waste gas residual heat that mud dedicated drying change system is set, by the water-containing sludge oven dry as alternative fuel.Cement production waste gas oven dry and the disposing sludge system utilized as disclosed as CN 102173554 A, is characterized in that it comprises new type nonaqueous cement grog firing system, wet mud drying system, dewatered sludge stores and feeding quality coal in cement kiln systems, Electric Traction and automatic control system.By adding a cover dedicated drying device, utilizing the grate-cooler waste heat of cement kiln after the mud oven dry, to process, yet the water-containing sludge oven dry that is the flocculence moisture structure is in fact more difficult, and drying efficiency is low.
Equations of The Second Kind is, water-containing sludge is directly added in cement kiln, is about to water-containing sludge and directly adds in grate-cooler or, in kiln tail smoke-box or decomposing furnace or in the kiln connecting tube, because the water-containing sludge moisture content is many, can have a strong impact on the normal operation of kiln condition.
CN 1868939 A disclose a kind of method with high temperature chamotte Direct Disposal mud in cement production process, and it is that the high temperature chamotte that the direct custody transfer of mud is added in cement production process is inclined on district or grate-cooler.The method is difficult to make wet mud evenly to mix with high temperature chamotte, and heat exchange is poor, and treatment capacity is low, and because wet sludge water content content is many, sludge water content enters kiln in a large number, can have a strong impact on the normal operation of kiln condition, even affects cement product quality.
CN 101172790 A disclose a kind of novel process of utilizing hygroscopic state sewage sludge waste slag B grade mixture material to produce cement, after adopting press filtration or the hygrometric state industrial residue after centrifuge dehydration or after draining or municipal sewage system mud or water treatment sludge as raw material and other raw material through a gradating material grinding, carry out again the dried moistened batch of secondary, mix, make raw material rod or raw material ball, after utilizing residual heat drying, enter in shaft kiln cement production line machine shaft kiln and burn till grog.The method is utilized hygroscopic state sewage sludge to produce cement and is adopted B grade mixture material, and technical process is long, and is to utilize vertical kiln process, is not suitable for the cement produced with the dry method production technique.
Above method, the poor effect of practical application, and investment is large, complex process.
On the other hand, when the raw material vertical-grinding on dry cement production line is worked, because constitutional features and the principle of work of Vertical Mill are special, by the material of grinding, the comprehensive moisture of material and the corresponding plastic that generally need to contain 3wt%~15wt%, comprehensive moisture content, lower than 3%, can not effectively form the spreading bed of material in Vertical Mill, easily produce vibrations and be difficult to steady running, can't bring into play the grinding advantage of Vertical Mill.At present, many Bian are with ridge siliceous raw materials such as shale, sandstone, silicas, and their water content is mostly lower, and wherein the most large Wingdale raw material water content is generally less than 1%, the comprehensive moisture of its material is mostly lower than 3%, therefore, in Vertical Mill, be provided with the water spray humidification system, so that the material appropriateness is added to the water humidification, improve the comprehensive moisture content of Vertical Mill material, form the more stable material bed of material that rolls, and form, roll preferably the material bed of material, could effectively bring into play the grinding advantage of Vertical Mill.
Moreover, the ammoniacal liquor that current dry cement production line generally adopts, urea method of denitration, not only consumption of calorie, increase cost, also with agricultural, strives fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of simple, invest low, the method for the recycling of water-containing sludge on dry cement production line that cost is low.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem employing is: a kind of method of water-containing sludge recycling, at the former material shed of dry cement production line or raw material storage to the raw material vertical-grinding section, allocate into water-containing sludge in the raw material raw material or in Vertical Mill, for adjusting comprehensive moisture and the material plasticity of raw material vertical-grinding material, make the comprehensive moisture content of material reach 3wt%~15wt%, possess and form the complete required corresponding plastic of the spreading material bed of material; The raw meal powder that contains mud that raw material vertical-grinding is made is sent into quality coal in cement kiln systems and is sintered into cement clinker (calcining process is identical with existing conventional calcining process).
Further, water-containing sludge is the mud of water ratio≤99%, preferred municipal water treatment sludge, processing of farm products mud and pond, lake, river course settled sludge.
Further, water-containing sludge is municipal water treatment sludge, processing of farm products mud and pond, lake, the river course settled sludge of water ratio≤90%.
Further, the water-containing sludge amount of allocating into is 2%~20% of raw material vertical-grinding weight of material, physical property according to feature of raw material and the water-containing sludge of concrete dry cement production line, determine the amount of allocating into of water-containing sludge, as practical situation such as the water content of the hardness of Wingdale and water content, sandstone or shale or clay etc. and plasticity index etc. and water-containing sludge kind, proterties, determine the water-containing sludge amount of allocating into, meet the requirement of the comprehensive moisture of raw material vertical-grinding material and material plasticity.
Further, by water-containing sludge in former material shed or raw material storage to raw material vertical-grinding section are allocated raw material into or in Vertical Mill, according to physical propertys such as water-containing sludge moisture content or solid content, mobility or plasticoviscositys; Bian, with general equipment or equipment, uses usual manner to allocate into.
Further, when water-containing sludge water ratio≤95%, or the impact of inorganics component content exceeds Charge Mixture Control limit of error, each chemical composition SiO of inorganics component
2, Al
2O
3, Fe
2O
3, CaO, MgO, K
2O, Na
2O, P
2O
5Content include normal raw meal proportioning composition in and calculate; When water-containing sludge water ratio>=95%, or the inorganics component content is ignored in the raw meal proportioning limit of error.
Know-why of the present invention:
1, the biggest problem of processing or utilize for water-containing sludge, the one, its flocculence structure water retention capacity is strong, and dehydration and drying be difficulty extremely, and the 2nd, its plasticoviscosity.Utilize water-containing sludge itself contained these moisture and plasticoviscosity, the required suitable moisture of its raw material vertical-grinding material of dry cement production line and the corresponding plastic of material just in time can be provided, can meet Vertical Mill and form the requirement that better rolls the bed of material, realize the recycling of water-containing sludge; And in the nationality raw material vertical-grinding ridge Wingdale in material, sandstone etc. with mud the flocculence moisture structure in the destruction of the friction brute force rolls under mud, discharge free water, and it is become in used heat air-flow in Vertical Mill, be easy to drying, make the sterilizing raw meal powder that contains mud.
2, the raw meal powder that utilizes cement produced with the dry method to produce, can the homodisperse organism particulate of compatible part and all kinds of inorganics particulate, and only need consider what characteristic of each chemical composition total content of inorganics, allow the contained organism of mud in raw material to decomposing furnace, decompose after-flame at preheater, heat that its burning produces is utilized; Simultaneously, using in raw material be rich in ammonia nitriding compound, hydrocarbon polymer mud organic substance as the denitration composition, synchronously play good denitrification; Allow the contained inorganics of mud in raw material finally enter in rotary kiln and to be converted into Clinker Composition with raw material as raw ingredients, harmful heavy metal element is fused in clinker mineral admittedly; The waste gas of organism after-flame is effectively addressed in the preheater of cement produced with the dry method production system and dust-removal system.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, utilize the natural characteristicss such as water-containing sludge high-moisture, flocculence structure and plasticoviscosity that the required moisture of Vertical Mill material and plasticity can be provided, meet the application requiring of raw material vertical-grinding, recycling water-containing sludge in this way, simple for process, and practical, and reached the harmless treatment to water-containing sludge.
2, the present invention only needs to increase sludge tank and pump basically, and investment in technological upgrading is low, and the mud utilization is large.Article one, the 2500t/d dry cement production line per hour the water-containing sludge utilization can reach approximately more than 20 tons, can utilize more than 150,000 tons, mud in 1 year; , a 5000t/d dry cement production line, its raw material vertical-grinding can utilize over thousands of ton water-containing sludge every day, can utilize more than 30 ten thousand tons of mud in 1 year.
3, due to the raw material vertical-grinding utilization be that very sufficient waste gas residual heat more than needed is arranged, the present invention does not need to increase in addition drying unit, also without increasing extra fire coal and running cost.
4, the moisture in mud does not enter kiln system all the time, and what enter the kiln pre-heating system is the raw material dry powder that contains mud, therefore, the dry cement production line kiln system, without any disadvantageous effect, and is had no adverse effect to quality product.
5, the moisture in water-containing sludge, inorganics and flammable organism are all as the manufacture of cement resource, and implement that resource utilization is innoxious to be taken full advantage of, can be enterprise and save process water, raw materials for production and fire coal, and can save the ammoniacal liquor of denitration or the Master Cost of urea, concerning cement production enterprise, have good benefit and best economy.
6, non-secondary pollution of the present invention, without extra environmental protection and waste utilization cost.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
Certain Φ 3.0 * 47m dry cement production line, raw material workshop section adopts heap canopy forklift homogenizing, forklift grasping operation material, feed bin batching, vertical mill grinding technique.The raw material raw material adopts Wingdale, clay, sandstone, sulfate slag batching, the about 90t/h of raw material vertical-grinding output.Originally, the about 6t that per hour sprays water in Vertical Mill; In the quality coal in cement kiln systems decomposing furnace, adopt 17% ammoniacal liquor denitration, per hour with the about 200kg of ammoniacal liquor.
The outdoor ageing mud of storing up of sewage work, ageing mud average moisture content 37.3%(weight are taken in test), automobile is transported to heap canopy in factory.Sampling detects analysis and evaluation through laboratory, in the raw material feed proportioning, cancels clay, allocates the ageing mud of weight ratio 20% into.
Adopt the forklift metering and mix, with forklift in the heap canopy mud and rubble first shovel with, mix, after batching, send into continuously grinding in raw material vertical-grinding (not spraying water), after Vertical Mill drew wind approximately to increase by 0.5%, the Vertical Mill stable yield, at 90t/h, went out to grind the raw material fineness and is down to 14% from 17%.After the raw meal powder that contains mud enters kiln, in decomposing furnace, do not spray ammoniacal liquor, NO
xOnline detection still is stabilized in 400mg/Nm
3Left and right, kiln system draw wind not change, and output does not change, and the kiln condition is normal, and raw coal consumption reduces approximately 2%, and clinker quality detects normal.Namely with the ageing mud that 20% water ratio is 37.3%, solved the work of water sprinkling for better material moisture problem of raw material vertical-grinding, and to kiln condition and yield and quality without any disadvantageous effect, and the denitration cost is saved, and has saved fire coal and clay.
Embodiment 2:
Φ 3.5 * 52m dry cement production line, raw meal proportioning adopt Wingdale, shale, phosphorus slag, slag four components batchings, its Wingdale Bian with the rubble of two kinds of grades in lime clitter canopy with the forklift homogenizing, phosphorus slag and slag are even with the forklift collocation in the heap canopy.Raw material vertical-grinding unit-hour output hundredweight.Per hour approximately 9 tons of water sprays in Vertical Mill when originally, dry.In the decomposing furnace of quality coal in cement kiln systems, adopt 17.5% ammoniacal liquor denitration, per hour consume the about 220kg of ammoniacal liquor.
Test Bian sewage work's biochemical sludge, water ratio is average 85.3%, with tank car, is transported to factory.Through laboratory, detect analysis and evaluation, draft the mud of allocating raw material weight ratio 6% into, mud in tank car is directly spread on the rubble stockpile, even with the forklift shovel, after normal batching, send into raw material vertical-grinding grinding (not spraying water) again, Vertical Mill unit-hour output and raw material fineness there are not variation substantially.In the situation that the kiln system process control parameter does not adjust, the raw meal powder that will contain mud is sent into kiln system in normal mode, and the decomposing furnace ammonia volume directly reduces by 50%, and kiln condition and yield and quality are unchanged, and the tail coal consumption reduces by 2%, detects online NO
xStable content is at 400mg/Nm
3Below.Namely with the biochemical sludge that 6% water ratio is 85.3%, solved the work of water sprinkling for better material moisture problem of raw material vertical-grinding, to kiln system without any disadvantageous effect, and the denitration material cost 50%, firing rate descends to some extent.
Embodiment 3:
Φ 4.3 * 64m dry cement production line, raw meal proportioning adopt Wingdale, sandstone, coal ash, sulfate slag four component batchings.Approximately 250 tons of raw material vertical-grinding unit-hour outputs.Originally, in Vertical Mill the fluctuation of water spray humidification automatic adjustment system injection flow rate at per hour approximately 9~17 tons.In the decomposing furnace of quality coal in cement kiln systems, adopt 17.5% ammoniacal liquor denitration, per hour consume the about 330kg of ammoniacal liquor.
Test Bian sewage work's digested sludge, water ratio average 86.7%, with tank car, being transported to factory pumps in sludge tank, through laboratory, detect analysis and evaluation, draft the mud of allocating raw material weight ratio 13% into, mud in sludge tank is carried with slush pump, be spread in uniform on the Wingdale bed of material on the belt conveyor of raw material batching system, under other proportion materials, on mud, cover mud, send into raw material vertical-grinding grinding (not spraying water), the Vertical Mill unit-hour output is stablized and raw material fineness reduction by 1.5%.In the situation that the kiln system process control parameter does not adjust, the raw meal powder that will contain mud is sent into kiln system in normal mode, and the decomposing furnace ammonia volume directly is reduced to 1/3rd consumptions, and kiln condition and yield and quality are unchanged, detect online NO
xStable content is at 400mg/Nm
3Below.Namely with the digested sludge that 13% water ratio is 86.7%, solved the work of water sprinkling for better material moisture problem of raw material vertical-grinding, kiln system is had no adverse effect, and the denitration material cost has descended 2/3rds.
Embodiment 4:
Φ 4 * 60m dry cement production line, raw meal proportioning adopt Wingdale, shale, phosphorus slag, slag four component batchings.Approximately 210 tons of raw material vertical-grinding unit-hour outputs.Originally, in Vertical Mill the water spray fluctuation at per hour approximately 5~13 tons.In the decomposing furnace of quality coal in cement kiln systems, adopt 17.5% ammoniacal liquor denitration, per hour consume the about 290kg of ammoniacal liquor.
Test Bian cassava processing-waste, water ratio average 78.2%, with tank car, be transported to factory, pump in sludge tank, through laboratory, detect and analyze, assess, draft the waste liquid of allocating raw material weight ratio 8% into, waste liquid in sludge tank is delivered to respectively under the lock feeding lattice wheel below raw material vertical-grinding spout and spout with the slush pump pipeline shunt, two waste liquids add waste liquid a little to be spread in uniform in the raw material raw material, with mixing raw material, enter vertical mill grinding (not spraying water), Vertical Mill draws air quantity to increase approximately 1%, and Vertical Mill unit-hour output and raw material fineness there are not variation substantially.In the situation that the kiln system process control parameter does not adjust, the raw meal powder that will contain the cassava waste material is sent into kiln system in normal mode, and the decomposing furnace ammonia volume directly is reduced to 1/3rd consumptions, and kiln condition and yield and quality are unchanged, detect online NO
xStable content is at 400mg/Nm
3Below.Namely with the cassava processing-waste that 8% water ratio is 78.2%, solved the work of water sprinkling for better material moisture problem of raw material vertical-grinding, kiln system is had no adverse effect, and the denitration material cost has descended 2/3rds.
Embodiment 5:
Φ 4.8 * 74m dry cement production line, raw meal proportioning adopt Wingdale, shale, phosphorus slag, sulfate slag four component batchings.Two 3840 model raw material vertical-grindings, approximately 220 tons of every output/time.Originally, in every Vertical Mill the water spray fluctuation at per hour approximately 5~13 tons.In the decomposing furnace of quality coal in cement kiln systems, adopt 17.5% ammoniacal liquor denitration, per hour consume the about 390kg of ammoniacal liquor.
Test Bian urban district channel deposit mud, water ratio average 73.7%, with tank car, being transported to factory pumps in sludge tank, through laboratory, detect and analyze, assess, draft the mud of allocating raw material weight ratio 10% into, water spray system in the transformation Vertical Mill, namely strengthen the water spray pore, mud in sludge tank is delivered to the former inlet channel of raw material vertical-grinding with slush pump, with water spray system in improved Vertical Mill, in mill, sprays into mud.Vertical Mill draws air quantity to increase approximately 1%, and Vertical Mill unit-hour output and raw material fineness are substantially unchanged.In the situation that the kiln system process control parameter does not adjust, the raw meal powder that will contain mud is sent into kiln system in normal mode, and the decomposing furnace ammonia volume directly is reduced to 30% consumption, and kiln condition and yield and quality are unchanged, detect online NO
xStable content is at 400mg/Nm
3Below.Namely with the urban district channel deposit mud that 10% water ratio is 73.7%, solved the work of water sprinkling for better material moisture problem of raw material vertical-grinding, kiln system is had no adverse effect, and the denitration material cost has descended 70%.
Claims (9)
1. the method for a water-containing sludge recycling, it is characterized in that, at the former material shed of dry cement production line or raw material storage to the raw material vertical-grinding section, allocate into water-containing sludge in the raw material raw material or in Vertical Mill, for adjusting comprehensive moisture and the material plasticity of raw material vertical-grinding material, make the comprehensive moisture content of material reach 3wt%~15wt%; The raw meal powder that contains mud that raw material vertical-grinding is made is sent into quality coal in cement kiln systems and is sintered into cement clinker.
2. a kind of method of water-containing sludge recycling as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described water-containing sludge is municipal water treatment sludge, processing of farm products mud or pond, lake, the river course settled sludge of water ratio≤99%.
3. a kind of method of water-containing sludge recycling as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described water-containing sludge is municipal water treatment sludge, processing of farm products mud or pond, lake, the river course settled sludge of water ratio≤90%.
4. as the method for a kind of water-containing sludge recycling as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, the described water-containing sludge amount of allocating into is 2%~20% of raw material vertical-grinding weight of material.
5. as the method for a kind of water-containing sludge recycling as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, described by water-containing sludge in former material shed or raw material storage to raw material vertical-grinding section are allocated raw material into or in Vertical Mill, according to water-containing sludge moisture content or solid content, mobility or plasticoviscosity, Bian, with general equipment or equipment, uses usual manner to allocate into.
6. a kind of method of water-containing sludge recycling as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described by water-containing sludge in former material shed or raw material storage to raw material vertical-grinding section are allocated raw material into or in Vertical Mill, one, according to physical propertys such as water-containing sludge moisture content or solid content, mobility or plasticoviscositys, its two, according to the actual state of dry cement production line, Bian, with general equipment or equipment, uses usual manner to allocate into.
7. as the method for a kind of water-containing sludge recycling as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, during described water-containing sludge water ratio≤95%, or the impact of inorganics component content exceeds Charge Mixture Control limit of error, each chemical composition SiO of inorganics component
2, Al
2O
3, Fe
2O
3, CaO, MgO, K
2O, Na
2O, P
2O
5Content include normal raw meal proportioning composition in and calculate; When water-containing sludge water ratio>=95%, or the inorganics component content is ignored in the raw meal proportioning limit of error.
8. a kind of method of water-containing sludge recycling as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, during described water-containing sludge water ratio≤95%, or the impact of inorganics component content exceeds Charge Mixture Control limit of error, each chemical composition SiO of inorganics component
2, Al
2O
3, Fe
2O
3, CaO, MgO, K
2O, Na
2O, P
2O
5Content include normal raw meal proportioning composition in and calculate; When water-containing sludge water ratio>=95%, or the inorganics component content is ignored in the raw meal proportioning limit of error.
9. a kind of method of water-containing sludge recycling as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, during described water-containing sludge water ratio≤95%, or the impact of inorganics component content exceeds Charge Mixture Control limit of error, each chemical composition SiO of inorganics component
2, Al
2O
3, Fe
2O
3, CaO, MgO, K
2O, Na
2O, P
2O
5Content include normal raw meal proportioning composition in and calculate; When water-containing sludge water ratio>=95%, or the inorganics component content is ignored in the raw meal proportioning limit of error.
Priority Applications (3)
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US14/376,989 US20160145154A1 (en) | 2013-07-25 | 2013-07-25 | Process for recycling aqueous sludge and/or waste |
CN2013103159392A CN103396019A (en) | 2013-07-25 | 2013-07-25 | Method for resource utilization of water-containing sludge |
PCT/CN2013/088163 WO2015010406A1 (en) | 2013-07-25 | 2013-11-29 | Method for recycling water-contained sludge and/or waste |
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CN2013103159392A CN103396019A (en) | 2013-07-25 | 2013-07-25 | Method for resource utilization of water-containing sludge |
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CN103977701A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-08-13 | 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所 | Sludge flue gas denitration agent and preparation method and application thereof |
WO2015010406A1 (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2015-01-29 | Yin Wuji | Method for recycling water-contained sludge and/or waste |
CN104402271A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-03-11 | 尹无忌 | Denuded particle crystal seed modification method for utilizing sludge in dry-process rotary kiln |
CN104609685A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-05-13 | 大连东泰有机废物处理有限公司 | Method for co-treating anaerobic digested sludge via cement kiln |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2015010406A1 (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2015-01-29 | Yin Wuji | Method for recycling water-contained sludge and/or waste |
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CN104402271A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-03-11 | 尹无忌 | Denuded particle crystal seed modification method for utilizing sludge in dry-process rotary kiln |
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CN104609685A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-05-13 | 大连东泰有机废物处理有限公司 | Method for co-treating anaerobic digested sludge via cement kiln |
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