CN103394422A - Method for separating coal and rock components from raw coal - Google Patents
Method for separating coal and rock components from raw coal Download PDFInfo
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- CN103394422A CN103394422A CN2013103299148A CN201310329914A CN103394422A CN 103394422 A CN103394422 A CN 103394422A CN 2013103299148 A CN2013103299148 A CN 2013103299148A CN 201310329914 A CN201310329914 A CN 201310329914A CN 103394422 A CN103394422 A CN 103394422A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for separating coal and rock components from raw coal. The method comprises the following steps of A, selectively crushing the raw coal to obtain a mixed coal material with the particle size of below 50mm; and B, carrying out cyclone separation treatment on the mixed coal material to obtain cyclone vitrinite coal and cyclone inertinite coal under the condition that the separation density is 1.25-2.20kg/L. By using the method, the vitrinite coal and the inertinite coal which have higher enriching purity are respectively obtained; and due to high purity, the two coals can be directly subjected to liquidation reaction to finally obtain ideal total coal liquefaction conversion rate and total oil yield, and furthermore, the clean utilization efficiency of the coal is increased. The method is simple in process and convenient in operation, and can be used for effectively solving the problem of separation difficulty caused by higher mutual doping degree of coals and rocks in the raw coal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal processing field, in particular to a kind of method of separating coal rock component from raw coal.
Background technology
Coal is that plant in great numbers by growth in certain geological epoch is under suitable geological environment, the biogenic rock that passes through the natural incoalation in very long years and form, utilize the method for common study of rocks to come Study on Coal just to produce a branch---the coal petrology of coal science.Different coal seams is due to the coal-forming hyle and gather the environment difference, and its rock forms also different, and in pyrolysis, deep variation has further occurred again various lithotype of coal simultaneously., so utilize the coal petrology method to determine that the coal petrography composition of coal, coalification feature etc. are to estimate the character of coal and the important evidence of purposes, be the important foundation of solving practical problems.
In recent years, the global crude oil price is progressively soaring, particularly in the country of some rich coal oil starvations, the energy technique of development Non oil-based route is subject to extensive concern, particularly Shenhua Group megaton DCL/Direct coal liquefaction demonstration project successful implementation, the direct coal liquefaction technology exploitation that indicates China has entered a new stage, also more deep to the coal direct liquefaction performance study simultaneously, determine that particularly three large macerals of technologic properties of coal matter---the research of vitrinite, inertinite, chitin group direct liquefaction performance more and more is subject to people's attention.
Vitrinite and inertinite are two kinds of main macerals in coal, and the content of chitin group is generally lower.In three large macerals, the volatile matter of inertinite, hydrogen content and hydrogen-to-carbon ratio are minimum, and carbon content is the highest; Volatile matter and the hydrogen content of chitin group are the highest, and hydrogen-to-carbon ratio is mostly more than 1, and aromaticity is low; Vitrinite compares with inertinite, and volatile matter, hydrogen content, oxygen content are high, moisture and nitrogen content is high, tar yield is high simultaneously, and aromaticity, condensation number of rings and condensation degree index are little.In the bituminous coal of middle coal rank, chitin group chemical property is very fast, reaches unanimity with the chemical property of vitrinite gradually.Liquefying activity for three large macerals of coal, it is generally acknowledged that vitrinite is the liquefying activity component, and inertinite is inert component, and the liquefying activity of each maceral is sequentially: the chitin group〉vitrinite〉inertinite.Existing research shows, the conversion ratio of vitrinite and chitin group is nearly 2.6 times of inertinite, the speed of vitrinite and chitin group generation oil and asphaltene is nearly 2.9 times of inertinite, and vitrinite and chitin group are converted into the ratio of oil and asphaltene higher than inertinite, are mainly inertinite in unconverted coal.Under the condition of identical coal conversion ratio, inertinite Coal liquefaction condition is more than vitrinite's coal harshness.
Under same DCL/Direct coal liquefaction reaction condition, if for vitrinite, be suitable, vitrinite obtains effecting reaction, and inertinite is discharged with residue mostly, total the coal low conversion rate, the liquefied coal coil yield is low; If for inertinite, be suitable, inertinite has obtained effecting reaction, and vitrinite's overreaction has further become the liquid product that generates into the gaseous products discharge, and total coal conversion ratio improves, but the liquefied coal coil yield is still low.Therefore, if the inert component inertinite in feed coal can be separated with active component vitrinite (containing the chitin group), choose suitable direct coal liquefaction process condition, respectively inertinite coal and vitrinite's coal are carried out the DCL/Direct coal liquefaction reaction, finally can obtain comparatively ideal coal liquefaction total conversion and total oily yield, thereby improve the clean utilization efficiency of coal.
But due in coalification course, due to the material homoplasy, each macerals is assembled agglomerating, has caused the inhomogeneity of raw coal physicochemical properties, makes each macerals in raw coal be difficult to enrichment by common method.At present, the macerals isolation technics also is confined to laboratory stage, is mainly density gradient separation technology and picking technology.The density gradient separation technology, settling methods for example, its defect is the thicker single maceral of granularity that only can access the grams magnitude; And the defect of picking technology is that the human factor impact is larger, and efficiency is low and precision is low., because each macerals in coal mixes mutually, at present each macerals in raw coal is separated and remained a difficult point.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method of separating coal rock component from raw coal, coal rock component in the raw coal that exists in prior art mixes mutually to solve, the technical problem of separation difficulty.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of method of separating coal rock component from raw coal, comprised the steps: A, raw coal is carried out selective crushing, obtaining granularity is the following mixing coal charge of 50mm; And B, will mix coal charge and carry out cyclonic separation and process, be under the condition of 1.25～2.20kg/L in separating density, obtain eddy flow vitrinite coal and eddy flow inertinite coal.
Further, to mixing coal charge, carry out the step that cyclonic separation processes and comprise: will mix coal charge and mix with the circulation dense media, and be mixed with weight content and be 15%～35% loop suspension; And loop suspension is carried out cyclonic separation.
Further, mix the granularity of coal charge less than 13mm.
Further, the separating density of cyclonic separation is 1.30～1.80kg/L.
Further, also comprise that the circulation suspension tail washings that cyclonic separation is obtained carries out the step of FLOTATION SEPARATION, in the suspension tail washings that wherein circulates, the granularity of coal charge is less than 0.5mm.
Further, the step of circulation suspension tail washings being carried out FLOTATION SEPARATION comprises: circulation suspension tail washings is reclaimed and concentration, obtain mass concentration (or volumetric concentration) and be 5%～12% concentrate; And add floating agent in concentrate, and stir and carry out flotation, obtain flotation vitrinite coal and flotation inertinite coal.
Further, floating agent comprises collecting agent and inhibitor, and collecting agent is kerosene and/or diesel oil, is preferably diesel oil emulsification; Inhibitor is one or more in lime, waterglass and calgon.
Further, raw coal is carried out also comprise the step of raw coal being carried out coal washing and removal of impurities before selective crushing.
Further, adopt drum type selective disintegrator, jaw formula bradford breaker or vibratory flexible crusher to carry out selective crushing.
Further, adopt the three products of pressure are arranged, singly enter to be situated between with no pressure three products or two free-flow three-product heavy medium cyclone that enters to be situated between carry out cyclonic separation, adopts agitation impeller flotator or air agitation type floatation device to carry out FLOTATION SEPARATION.
Apply technical scheme of the present invention, make the granularity of the mixing coal charge after fragmentation below 50mm by raw coal being carried out selective crushing, and in separating density, be to carry out cyclonic separation under the condition of 1.25～2.20kg/L to process with the mixing coal charge after fragmentation, obtained respectively higher vitrinite's coal and the inertinite coal of enrichment purity, these two kinds group coals can directly carry out liquefaction reaction because purity is higher, finally obtain desirable coal liquefaction total conversion and total oily yield, and then improved coal clean utilization efficiency.To such an extent as to this separation method has solved the higher problem that is difficult to separate of the mutual doping level of coal petrography in the raw coal effectively, technique is simple, and is easy to operate.
Description of drawings
The Figure of description that forms the application's a part is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation thereof are used for explaining the present invention, do not form improper restriction of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
What Fig. 1 showed according to the present invention a kind of exemplary embodiments separates the process chart of coal rock component from raw coal; And
What Fig. 2 showed according to the present invention another kind of exemplary embodiments separates the process chart of coal rock component from raw coal.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail, but following embodiment understands the present invention, and can not limit the present invention, embodiment and the feature in embodiment in the present invention can make up mutually, and the multitude of different ways that the present invention can be defined by the claims and cover is implemented.
Due to the chitin group coal content in macerals seldom, and physics and chemistry character and vitrinite's coal facies are approximate, therefore, no longer vitrinite's coal and chitin group coal are distinguished especially in the present invention, and they are referred to as " vitrinite's coal ".
According to a kind of exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the method for separating coal rock component from raw coal comprises the steps: A, raw coal is carried out selective crushing, and obtaining granularity is the following mixing coal charge of 50mm; And B, will mix coal charge and carry out cyclonic separation and process, be under the condition of 1.25～2.20kg/L in separating density, obtain eddy flow vitrinite coal and eddy flow inertinite coal.
Make the granularity of the mixing coal charge after fragmentation below 50mm by raw coal being carried out selective crushing, and in separating density, be to carry out cyclonic separation under the condition of 1.25～2.20kg/L to process with the mixing coal charge after fragmentation, obtained respectively higher vitrinite's coal and the inertinite coal of enrichment purity, can directly carry out liquefaction reaction because purity is higher, desirable coal liquefaction total conversion and the total oily yield of final acquisition, improved coal clean utilization efficiency.To such an extent as to this separation method has solved the higher problem that is difficult to separate of the mutual doping level of coal petrography in the raw coal effectively, technique is simple, and is easy to operate.
" selective crushing " of the present invention refers to utilize the difference of the character such as the hardness, toughness, brittleness of different component in material and the otherness of the breaking strength that causes, different component is carried out broken in various degree method, realize that " selective crushing " need to make material be subject to omnibearing extruding in the volume bed of material, namely bear the combination load, comprise shearing, bending and torsion, sometimes also have stretching concurrently.The present invention has fully utilized vitrinite's coal and the otherness of inertinite coal on breaking strength and density in the macerals, and the macerals in raw coal has been carried out effective separation.Wherein, adopt selective crushing mainly to utilize the otherness of vitrinite's coal and inertinite coal breaking strength in steps A, vitrinite's coal character is more crisp and frangible, can be broken more thoroughly, and broken rear Relative Size is less; And the hard and flexible of inertinite coal is not exclusively broken, broken after Relative Size larger.By selective crushing, make the degree of crushing of vitrinite's coal and inertinite coal and granularity produce difference, be conducive to the raising of subsequent separation process efficiency.
In above-mentioned separation method, before cyclonic separation, by selective crushing, raw coal being broken into granularity in advance is mixing coal charge below 50mm, and the granularity that the present invention will mix coal charge is controlled at the following scope of 50mm and has guaranteed macerals separation accuracy and enrichment purity.Because, from the angle that macerals is dissociated,, if granularity is excessive, can not fully dissociate between each component, do not reach the purpose of high purity separation, so granularity be more little more favourable; If but granularity is meticulous, " granularity effect " between coal particle strengthened, make density variation therebetween relatively diminish, thereby affect to a certain extent separation accuracy and the enrichment purity of macerals.In addition, the granularity of broken discharging is meticulous, has not only increased energy consumption, has also increased the difficulty that subsequent technique is processed; Broken discharging-material size is excessively thick, and separation accuracy is inadequate, does not reach expection and separates purpose, and therefore, the present invention considers and selects suitable discharging-material size.
Preferably, the discharging-material size of the mixing coal charge of above-mentioned selective crushing is less than 13mm.Discharging-material size is generally determined according to mutual doping level and the enrichment desired value of macerals in the cleaned coal raw material, select the compound of this particle size range to enter the operation of cyclonic separation, both can further improve separation accuracy and the enrichment purity of macerals, be unlikely to again granularity meticulous and increase the intractability of subsequent technique.The equipment that selective crushing can adopt includes but not limited to: drum type selective disintegrator, jaw formula bradford breaker or vibratory flexible crusher.Those skilled in the art can be according to actual needs and the suitable bradford breaker of equipment cost choose reasonable, make material be subject to omnibearing extruding in crusher chamber as long as can meet, the condition of bearing the combination load that comprises shearing, bending and torsion gets final product.
Said in separation method of the present invention " cyclonic separation ", refer to the otherness of utilizing different component density in material, to tangentially feed cyclone with certain pressure after material and the mixing of circulation dense media, form strong eddy-currents, comprise the external spiral stream that descends along the cyclone inwall, and along the inside spin stream that rises on the cyclone axle center.During greater than the density (separating density) of loop suspension, particle is done centrifugal motion, is thrown toward external spiral stream and descends, and from the underflow opening of cyclone, discharges when the density of particle in material; During less than separating density, particle is done centripetal motion, is thrown toward inside spin stream and rises, and discharges from the overfall of cyclone, thereby realizes the material particles of different densities is carried out efficient effect of separating when the density of particle in material.Adopting cyclonic separation in step B is exactly the difference of having utilized on vitrinite's coal and inertinite coal density and granularity, the compound by centrifugal action and Action of Gravity Field after with fragmentation is separated into that density is less, granularity also less vitrinite's coal and density is large, also relatively large inertinite coal of granularity.Separating by above-mentioned " cyclonic separation " method the vitrinite's coal and the inertinite coal that obtain can be respectively by different processing technology in subsequent treatment, for example carry out DCL/Direct coal liquefaction under different direct coal liquefaction process conditions, thereby improve the efficiency of coal clean utilization.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, carry out the step that cyclonic separation processes and comprise mixing coal charge: will mix coal charge and mix with the circulation dense media, and be mixed with weight content and be 15%～35% loop suspension; And loop suspension is carried out cyclonic separation.The present invention is preferred but be not limited to aforesaid way, also can be pressed into respectively in cyclone to mix with the circulation dense media and carries out cyclonic separation mixing coal charge.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the separating density for inertinite coal and vitrinite's coal in above-mentioned cyclonic separation process is set as 1.30～1.80kg/L.This separating density is to require to determine according to the sharpness of separation that will separate the macerals target product that obtains.Comparatively speaking, if separating density is too high, inertinite coal meeting mispairing is to vitrinite's coal, and the accumulation rate of vitrinite's coal reduces, and inertinite coal accumulation rate raises; If separating density is too low, vitrinite's coal meeting mispairing is to the inertinite coal, and inertinite coal accumulation rate reduces, and vitrinite's coal accumulation rate raises, and considers, and the preferred separating density of the present invention is 1.30～1.80kg/L.
Through after above-mentioned cyclonic separation, still exist the particle that is difficult to separate in remaining circulation suspension tail washings after cyclonic separation,, if this part particle is effectively separated and utilizes, can further improve the isolated yield of vitrinite's coal and inertinite coal, thereby improve raw material availability.According to a kind of exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, also comprise the step of the circulation suspension tail washings that obtains after cyclonic separation being carried out FLOTATION SEPARATION, the granularity of the suspension tail washings that wherein circulates is lower than 0.5mm.The present invention preferably adopts dense media suspension separator to carry out cyclonic separation, adopts flotation device to carry out floatation process.
said in separation method of the present invention " FLOTATION SEPARATION ", refer to the otherness of the floatability of utilizing different component surface nature difference in material and causing, add the effect of floating agent, in suspension by means of the buoyancy of bubble, self have hydrophobicity or have hydrophobic material component after collecting agent is combined and be attached on bubble and float, become froth pulp, self have hydrophily or have hydrophilic material component after inhibitor is combined and sink to the flotation cell bottom, become product in groove, thereby realize the material component of different surfaces character is carried out the effect of effectively separating.
The present invention carries out the process of FLOTATION SEPARATION to circulation suspension tail washings, utilized exactly the difference of vitrinite's smalls and inertinite smalls surface nature in the macerals, the vitrinite smalls of particle diameter below 0.5mm that adopts flotation device counterweight dielectric suspension separator effectively not separate further separates with the inertinite smalls.By the FLOTATION SEPARATION process, the eddy flow vitrinite coal that the flotation vitrinite coal that obtains can obtain with above-mentioned cyclonic separation merges, the eddy flow inertinite coal that the flotation inertinite coal that obtains can obtain with above-mentioned cyclonic separation merges, thereby improves separative efficiency and product yield.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, the step of circulation suspension tail washings being carried out flotation comprises: the suspension tail washings is reclaimed and concentration, obtain mass concentration and be 5%～12% concentrate; And add floating agent in concentrate, and stir and carry out flotation, obtain flotation vitrinite coal and flotation inertinite coal.Floating agent comprises collecting agent and inhibitor, and collecting agent is mainly used in strengthening the hydrophobicity of vitrinite's coal, improves its floatability, and the collecting agent that the present invention adopts is kerosene and/or diesel oil, is preferably diesel oil emulsification; Inhibitor is mainly used in strengthening the hydrophily of inertinite coal, and its floatability is suppressed, and the inhibitor that the present invention adopts is one or more in lime, waterglass and calgon.By adding floating agent to carry out flotation, to collect froth pulp and obtain flotation vitrinite coal, in feeder, product obtains the inertinite smalls.First loop suspension is carried out concentration, then carry out FLOTATION SEPARATION, be conducive to improve the separative efficiency of FLOTATION SEPARATION.In addition, can also add pH adjusting agent, activator, flocculant, dispersant etc. as required,, to improve the FLOTATION SEPARATION effect, increase the enrichment degree of target product.
Dense media cyclone separator of the present invention include and press two product cyclones, with no pressure two product cyclones, have the three-product cyclone of pressure, singly enter to be situated between the with no pressure three-product cyclone, the with no pressure three-product cyclone enters to be situated between more.Three-product cyclone adopts two section two product cyclone to be in series usually, two sections cyclones can adopt identical circulation dense media, also can adopt different circulation dense media, the larger material of density of discharging from the underflow opening of first paragraph cyclone enters the second segment cyclone and carries out further cyclonic separation, can further improve the precision of cyclonic separation., by collecting the low-density fraction of from the overfall of cyclone, discharging, obtain vitrinite's coal; The high-density component that collection is discharged from the underflow opening of cyclone, obtain the inertinite coal.When adopting pressurized feeding, can make the eddy flow centrifugal motion in cyclone more violent, be conducive to improve separative efficiency, but correspondingly also can increase energy consumption; When using unpressurized feeding, can reduce energy consumption.
Preferably, the equipment that above-mentioned FLOTATION SEPARATION can adopt includes but not limited to agitation impeller flotator or air agitation type floatation device, those skilled in the art can be according to actual needs and the suitable flotation device of equipment cost choose reasonable, as long as can produce abundant bubble in liquid phase, and can effectively separate product in froth pulp and groove and get final product.In case of necessity, can select to add foaming agent, surfactants such as terpenic oil, cresotinic acid, to strengthen the effect that produces bubble.
According to a kind of exemplary embodiment of the present invention, raw coal is carried out also comprising the step of raw coal being carried out coal washing and removal of impurities before selective crushing.Raw coal through coal cleaning process, is removed the coal that obtains after the impurity such as spoil, be referred to as cleaned coal, wherein coal washing and impurity removal process can adopt the conventional method of this area.Separation method of the present invention both had been applicable to raw coal, also was applicable to removal of impurities cleaned coal afterwards.
Further illustrate beneficial effect of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment.
The raw material that embodiment 1～5 selects is all that in its macerals, vitrinite's coal content is 41.2wt% from the raw coal in refreshing Fu Dong victory colliery, and inertinite coal content is 58.4wt%, and chitin group coal content is 0.4wt%.
Embodiment 1
Raw coal is sent into the jaw crusher with selective crushing function after the coal washing removal of impurities, fragmentation obtains the following compound of granularity 25mm; Compound is with after the circulation dense media mixes, obtain weight content and be 20% loop suspension, use pump with certain pressure loop suspension, tangent line has fed pressure type two product cyclone separators, separating density is set as 1.25kg/L, collects the low-density fraction of from the overfall of cyclone, discharging, and obtains the eddy flow vitrinite coal of enrichment, collection, from the high-density component of the underflow opening discharge of cyclone, obtains the eddy flow inertinite coal of enrichment.The loop suspension of cyclonic separation is reclaimed and concentration, obtaining mass concentration is 8% concentrate, concentrate is sent into agitation impeller flotator, add kerosene as collecting agent, add waterglass as inhibitor, carry out flotation, collect froth pulp and obtain the following enrichment flotation vitrinite coal of granularity 0.5mm, in feeder, product obtains the following enrichment flotation inertinite coal of granularity 0.5mm; Flotation vitrinite coal and eddy flow vitrinite coal are merged, flotation inertinite coal and eddy flow inertinite coal are merged.
The final target product that obtains: enrichment purity reaches vitrinite's coal of 92.40wt% and the inertinite coal that enrichment purity reaches 92.1wt%.
Embodiment 2
Through sending into the roller crusher with selective crushing function after the coal washing removal of impurities, fragmentation obtains the following compound of granularity 10mm with raw coal; Compound is with after the circulation dense media mixes, obtain weight content and be 15% loop suspension, loop suspension is fed without pressure type two product cyclone separators with the certain pressure tangent line with pump, separating density is set as 1.80kg/L, the low-density fraction that collection is discharged from the overfall of cyclone, obtain the eddy flow vitrinite coal of enrichment, collect the high-density component of from the underflow opening of cyclone, discharging, obtain the eddy flow inertinite coal of enrichment; The loop suspension of cyclonic separation is reclaimed and concentration, obtain mass concentration and be 5% concentrate, then concentrate is sent into agitation impeller flotator, add diesel oil emulsification as collecting agent, add calgon as inhibitor, carry out flotation, collecting froth pulp acquisition granularity is the following enrichment flotation vitrinite coal of 0.5mm, and in feeder, product acquisition granularity is the following enrichment flotation inertinite coal of 0.5mm; Flotation vitrinite coal and eddy flow vitrinite coal are merged, flotation inertinite coal and eddy flow inertinite coal are merged.
The final target product that obtains: enrichment purity reaches vitrinite's coal of 93.1wt% and the inertinite coal that enrichment purity reaches 92.7wt%.
Embodiment 3
With the vibratory flexible crusher of raw coal through having the selective crushing function, fragmentation obtains the following mixing coal charge of granularity 13mm; After mixing coal charge and the circulation dense media mixing, obtain weight content and be 35% loop suspension, use pump with certain pressure loop suspension, tangent line has fed pressure type three-product cyclone separator, wherein the first paragraph cyclone separating density of series connection is set as 1.30kg/L, collects the low-density fraction of from the overfall of first paragraph cyclone, discharging, and obtains the eddy flow vitrinite coal of enrichment, collection from the overfall of second segment cyclone discharge density components, obtain the eddy flow inertinite coal of enrichment; The circulation suspension tail washings of cyclonic separation is reclaimed and concentration, obtain mass concentration and be 12% concentrate, then concentrate is sent into agitation impeller flotator, add kerosene as collecting agent, add calgon as inhibitor, carry out flotation, collecting froth pulp acquisition granularity is the following enrichment flotation vitrinite coal of 0.5mm, and in feeder, product acquisition granularity is the following enrichment flotation inertinite coal of 0.5mm; Flotation vitrinite coal and eddy flow vitrinite coal are merged, flotation inertinite coal and eddy flow inertinite coal are merged.
The final target product that obtains: enrichment purity reaches vitrinite's coal of 91.5wt% and the inertinite coal that enrichment purity reaches 91.2wt%.
Embodiment 4
With the jaw crusher of raw coal through having the selective crushing function, fragmentation obtains the following mixing coal charge of granularity 50mm; After mixing coal charge and the circulation dense media mixing, obtain weight content and be 25% loop suspension, use pump with certain pressure loop suspension, tangent line feeds singly to enter to be situated between without pressure type three-product cyclone separator, wherein the first paragraph cyclone separating density of series connection is set as 2.20kg/L, the low-density fraction that collection is discharged from the overfall of first paragraph cyclone, obtain the eddy flow vitrinite coal of enrichment, collection from the overfall of second segment cyclone discharge density components, obtain the eddy flow inertinite coal of enrichment.The circulation suspension tail washings of cyclonic separation is reclaimed and concentration, obtain mass concentration and be 10% concentrate, then concentrate is sent into agitation impeller flotator, add diesel oil as collecting agent, add waterglass as inhibitor, add foaming agent to carry out flotation, collecting froth pulp acquisition granularity is the following enrichment flotation vitrinite coal of 0.5mm, and in feeder, product acquisition granularity is the following enrichment flotation inertinite coal of 0.5mm; Flotation vitrinite coal and eddy flow vitrinite coal are merged, flotation inertinite coal and eddy flow inertinite coal are merged.
The final target product that obtains: enrichment purity reaches vitrinite's coal of 91.4wt% and the inertinite coal that enrichment purity reaches 90.4wt%.
Embodiment 5
With the roller crusher of raw coal through having the selective crushing function, fragmentation obtains the following mixing coal charge of granularity 50mm; After mixing coal charge and the circulation dense media mixing, obtain weight content and be 25% loop suspension, with circulation suspension tail washings with certain pressure, tangent line feeds two Jie of entering without pressure type three-product cyclone separator, wherein the first paragraph cyclone separating density of series connection is set as 1.25kg/L, the low-density fraction that collection is discharged from the overfall of first paragraph cyclone, obtain the eddy flow vitrinite coal of enrichment, collection from the overfall of second segment cyclone discharge density components, obtain the eddy flow inertinite coal of enrichment.
The final target product that obtains: enrichment purity reaches vitrinite's coal of 86.4wt% and the inertinite coal that enrichment purity reaches 83.2wt%.
Comparative Examples 1
With the jaw crusher of raw coal through having the selective crushing function, fragmentation obtains the following mixing coal charge of granularity 100mm; After mixing coal charge and the circulation dense media mixing, obtain weight content and be 10% loop suspension, use pump with certain pressure loop suspension, tangent line feeds singly to enter to be situated between without pressure type three-product cyclone separator, wherein the first paragraph cyclone separating density of series connection is set as 1.05kg/L, the low-density fraction that collection is discharged from the overfall of first paragraph cyclone, obtain the eddy flow vitrinite coal of enrichment, collection from the overfall of second segment cyclone discharge density components, obtain the eddy flow inertinite coal of enrichment.The circulation suspension tail washings of cyclonic separation is reclaimed, then will reclaim liquid and send into agitation impeller flotator, add diesel oil as collecting agent, add waterglass as inhibitor, carry out flotation, collecting froth pulp acquisition granularity is the following enrichment flotation vitrinite coal of 0.5mm, and in feeder, product acquisition granularity is the following enrichment flotation inertinite coal of 0.5mm; Flotation vitrinite coal and eddy flow vitrinite coal are merged, flotation inertinite coal and eddy flow inertinite coal are merged.
The final target product that obtains: enrichment purity reaches vitrinite's coal of 88.4wt% and the inertinite coal that enrichment purity reaches 89.2wt%.
Comparative Examples 2
Raw coal is separated by settling methods, obtain respectively the less inertinite coal of density and the larger vitrinite's coal of density, concrete data are referring to table 1.
Raw coal in above-described embodiment 1～5 and Comparative Examples 1～2 and the macerals analysis result of separate targets product are as shown in table 1:
Table 1
Can find out from the data of table 1, all adopted separation method of the present invention in embodiment 1～5, the vitrinite's coal that obtains and the enrichment purity of inertinite coal are higher, and more than the enrichment purity of the vitrinite's coal in embodiment 1～4 and inertinite coal all reached 90wt%.Circulation suspension tail washings is not carried out flotation in embodiment 5, vitrinite's coal that it obtains and the enrichment purity of inertinite coal are relatively low with respect to the enrichment purity in embodiment 1～4, but still higher than the vitrinite's coal that adopts existing settling methods separation to obtain in Comparative Examples 2 and the enrichment purity of inertinite coal.
Macerals analysis result from Comparative Examples 1 can be found out, because its granularity of fragmentation when the selective crushing is larger, and the separating density that adopts during cyclonic separation is less, although the vitrinite's coal that obtains finally and the enrichment purity of inertinite coal is than the height in Comparative Examples 2, to compare effect poor with embodiment 1～5.
Therefore, macerals separation method of the present invention can separate vitrinite and the inertinite maceral in coal efficiently, and reaches very high separation accuracy and enrichment purity, has good prospects for commercial application.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a method of separating coal rock component from raw coal, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
A, raw coal is carried out selective crushing, obtaining granularity is the following mixing coal charge of 50mm; And
B, described mixing coal charge is carried out cyclonic separation processing, is under the condition of 1.25～2.20kg/L in separating density, obtains eddy flow vitrinite coal and eddy flow inertinite coal.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the step of described mixing coal charge being carried out described cyclonic separation processing comprises:
Described mixing coal charge is mixed with the circulation dense media, be mixed with weight content and be 15%～35% loop suspension; And
Described loop suspension is carried out cyclonic separation.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the granularity of described mixing coal charge is less than 13mm.
4. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the separating density of described cyclonic separation is 1.30～1.80kg/L.
5. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, also comprises that the circulation suspension tail washings that cyclonic separation is obtained carries out the step of FLOTATION SEPARATION, and in wherein said circulation suspension tail washings, the granularity of coal charge is less than 0.5mm.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the step that described circulation suspension tail washings is carried out FLOTATION SEPARATION comprises:
Described circulation suspension tail washings is reclaimed and concentration, obtain mass concentration (or volumetric concentration) and be 5%～12% concentrate; And
Add floating agent in described concentrate, stir and carry out flotation, obtain flotation vitrinite coal and flotation inertinite coal.
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described floating agent comprises collecting agent and inhibitor, and described collecting agent is kerosene and/or diesel oil, is preferably diesel oil emulsification; Described inhibitor is one or more in lime, waterglass and calgon.
8. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described raw coal is carried out also comprising the step of described raw coal being carried out coal washing and removal of impurities before described selective crushing.
9. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, it is characterized in that, adopts drum type selective disintegrator, jaw formula bradford breaker or vibratory flexible crusher to carry out described selective crushing.
10. method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, it is characterized in that, employing have press three products, singly enter to be situated between with no pressure three products or two free-flow three-product heavy medium cyclone that enters to be situated between carries out described cyclonic separation, adopts agitation impeller flotator or air agitation type floatation device to carry out described FLOTATION SEPARATION.
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