CN103386541B - Plasma arc method for perforating key hole by current - Google Patents
Plasma arc method for perforating key hole by current Download PDFInfo
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- CN103386541B CN103386541B CN201310293966.4A CN201310293966A CN103386541B CN 103386541 B CN103386541 B CN 103386541B CN 201310293966 A CN201310293966 A CN 201310293966A CN 103386541 B CN103386541 B CN 103386541B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a plasma arc method for perforating a key hole by current and belongs to the technical field of thermal processing. The problems that plasma arc efficiency is limited and welding quality and cutting quality are affected due to inherent characteristics of traditional plasma arc are solved. An outlet of a plasma gun compression nozzle is close to a to-be-processed part of a workpiece, so that under the action of a plasma arc power supply, a plasma arc is formed between the tail end of the electrode of a plasma gun and the to-be-processed part of the workpiece; the plasma arc and the plasma arc power supply form a first plasma current loop through the workpiece and a switch; meanwhile, when current is monitored to exist in a current sensor, the switch is turned off, the plasma arc penetrates through the key hole and forms a second plasma current loop with an accepting electrode and the plasma arc power supply; and meanwhile, the plasma arc and the plasma arc power supply form a pilot arc passage through the workpiece and a current regulator. Therefore, the current of the plasma arc can penetrate through the key hole. The method is used for forming the plasma arc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the plasma-arc method that electric current runs through keyhole, belong to technical field of hot working.
Background technology
Plasma-arc is the high energy beam thermal source that a kind of energy density is only second to laser, is widely used in the technical field of hot working such as welding, cutting.
No matter existing plasma-arc is in welding or cutting technique, its basic functional principle is all the same, its basic functional principle is: shown in Fig. 3, plasma electric arc power 1 is by plasma gun electrode 2, plasma gun constricting nozzle 3, keyhole 5 on plasma-arc 4 and workpiece 6 forms a closed-loop path, wherein keyhole 5 is apertures that the thermodynamic activity of plasma-arc 4 is formed on workpiece 6, the important technology feature of high energy beam thermal source in welding or cutting technique, at electron beam, laser, this technical characteristic of keyhole is all there is in the welding and cutting application of plasma-arc.The essential difference of keyhole in welding and cutting technology is that after thermal source moves, whether keyhole closes, and be obviously need closed for welding application keyhole, and that yes is inc for cutting application keyhole.When there being keyhole, if misoperation there will be the inc cutting phenomenon of keyhole in welding; If in cutting, misoperation also there will be the closed seam phenomenon of keyhole equally.Therefore, keyhole there is no internal difference in welding and cutting application, and method and apparatus all has versatility.
In the application of plasma-arc having keyhole, no matter be welding or cutting, plasma-arc 4 must penetrate workpiece 6 and form keyhole 5, but determines that the electric current I of plasma-arc 4 BTHE not can all run through keyhole 5.In fact, in the welding or cutting process of plasma-arc, electric current I is constantly shunted by workpiece 6 along keyhole 5, but not flows to outlet from the entrance of keyhole 5 always.By plasma-arc 4 by the current transfer characteristics series resistance model representation between keyhole 5 and workpiece 6, as shown in Figure 4.The distribution curve I (Z) of plasma-arc electric current I along workpiece 6 thickness direction Z just can be drawn qualitatively, i.e. I (Z)=I according to this model
1, I
2, I
3i
nsuccessively decrease along workpiece 6 thickness direction, that is the electric current I of plasma-arc 4 mainly concentrates on the first half of the close upper surface of workpiece 6, and obviously, this electric current can be further serious along with the increase of thickness of slab Z along the attenuation trend in thickness of slab direction.Although namely why the energy density of plasma-arc is very high for this, technical advantage is but mainly reflected in the reason in the welding of thin plate or cutting.
Visible by analyzing above, when existing plasma-arc is used for welding or the cutting of metal, because workpiece 6 is as an electrode of plasma-arc 4, CURRENT DISTRIBUTION can be caused uneven along the thickness of slab directional spreding of workpiece 6 by keyhole 5, and current convergence is in the first half near workpiece 6 surface, this is the inherent characteristic of conventional plasma electric arc, and this inherent characteristic becomes restriction plasma-arc efficiency and affects the basic reason of its welding and cutting quality.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to solve the existence of conventional plasma electric arc due to inherent characteristic, restriction plasma-arc efficiency and affect the problem of its welding and cutting quality, provides a kind of plasma-arc method that electric current runs through keyhole.
Electric current of the present invention runs through the plasma-arc method of keyhole, the negative pole of plasma arc power supply is connected the head end of plasma gun electrode by it, the end of plasma gun electrode corresponds to plasma gun constricting nozzle, the positive pole of plasma arc power supply is connected with workpiece by switch, switch is in parallel with current regulator, the positive pole of plasma arc power supply connects one end of current sensor simultaneously, the other end of current sensor accepts one end of electrode, accept electrode placement corresponding with workpiece, described plasma-arc method is:
Switch is made to be placed in closure state, by the to be processed position of the outlet of plasma gun constricting nozzle near workpiece, make under the effect of plasma arc power supply, form plasma-arc between the end of plasma gun electrode and the position to be processed of workpiece, this plasma-arc forms the first plasma jet loop by workpiece and switch and plasma arc power supply;
While said process, monitoring current sensor, when monitor in current sensor have electric current to exist time, on workpiece, keyhole is formed, and now, is disconnected by switch, plasma-arc through keyhole with accept electrode and plasma arc power supply forms the second plasma jet loop; Simultaneously plasma-arc forms arc maintenance path via workpiece and current regulator and plasma arc power supply; Thus, the electric current of plasma-arc achieves running through keyhole.
Current sensor is for running through current detector.
The described electrode that accepts is metallic plate, metal bar or metal electrode.
Advantage of the present invention: the inventive method can make the electric current of plasma-arc run through keyhole completely, thus when plasma-arc is applied in welding or cutting technique, effectively improve the utilization rate of plasma-arc, i.e. operating efficiency.In the inventive method, workpiece is no longer an electrode of plasma-arc, but the pressure channel that is equivalent to plasma-arc additional, and the electric current now flowing through current regulator can be regarded as back ground current.Therefore the thermal efficiency of plasma-arc can be greatly improved, and can increase the thickness that can weld or cut, and can eliminate the tapering of cut, improve kerf quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that electric current of the present invention runs through the plasma-arc method of keyhole in implementation process, and switch is in principle schematic during closure state;
Fig. 2 is that electric current of the present invention runs through the plasma-arc method of keyhole in implementation process, and switch is in principle schematic during off-state;
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic of conventional plasma arc method;
Fig. 4 is in conventional plasma arc method, by plasma-arc by the schematic diagram of the current transfer characteristics between keyhole and workpiece with series resistance model representation.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention one: present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, electric current described in present embodiment runs through the plasma-arc method of keyhole, the negative pole of plasma arc power supply 1 is connected the head end of plasma gun electrode 2 by it, the end of plasma gun electrode 2 corresponds to plasma gun constricting nozzle 3, the positive pole of plasma arc power supply 1 is connected with workpiece 6 by switch 7, switch 7 is in parallel with current regulator 8, the positive pole of plasma arc power supply 1 connects one end of current sensor 9 simultaneously, the other end of current sensor 9 accepts one end of electrode 10, accept electrode 10 placement corresponding with workpiece 6, described plasma-arc method is:
Switch 7 is made to be placed in closure state, by the to be processed position of the outlet of plasma gun constricting nozzle 3 near workpiece 6, make under the effect of plasma arc power supply 1, form plasma-arc 4 between the end of plasma gun electrode 2 and the position to be processed of workpiece 6, this plasma-arc 4 forms the first plasma jet loop by workpiece 6 and switch 7 with plasma arc power supply 1;
While said process, monitoring current sensor 9, when monitor have electric current to exist in current sensor 9 time, on workpiece 6, keyhole 5 is formed, now, switch 7 is disconnected, plasma-arc 4 through keyhole 5 with accept electrode 10 and plasma arc power supply 1 forms the second plasma jet loop; Plasma-arc 4 forms arc maintenance path via workpiece 6 and current regulator 8 with plasma arc power supply 1 simultaneously; Thus, the electric current of plasma-arc 4 achieves running through keyhole.
In present embodiment, when having electric current to exist in current sensor 9, the electric current in the first plasma jet loop is limited by current regulator 8, become arc maintenance path, the electric current of arc maintenance path is very little, negligible, therefore can think that the electric current of plasma-arc all flows through the second plasma jet loop, namely achieve plasma electric arc current and all run through keyhole.
Switch 7 and current regulator 8 form starting-up later time, carry out the switching of gauge tap 7 according to the monitoring situation of current sensor 9.
When switch 7 is in closure state, now the foundation of plasma-arc 4 is identical with Conventional plasma electric arc, namely defines the first plasma jet loop.After plasma-arc 4 forms keyhole 5 on workpiece 6, plasma-arc 4 to be flowed out to from the bottom of workpiece 6 by keyhole 5 and accepts electrode 10, current sensor 9 can detect that electric current exists, now gauge tap 7 disconnects, due to the metering function of current regulator 8, most of plasma electric arc current forms the second plasma jet loop via accepting the positive pole of electrode 10 to plasma electric arc power 1.After switch 7 disconnection, plasma electric arc current all runs through keyhole from top to bottom and flows out, and is therefore called that electric current runs through the plasma-arc of keyhole.
The effect of current regulator 8 is electric currents that restriction flows through workpiece 6, and the simplest current regulator 8 can adopt current-limiting resistance, but in order to accurate control flow check is through the electric current of workpiece 6, can adopt the current regulator 8 of power electronic device and current feedback control.
Detailed description of the invention two: present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, present embodiment is described further embodiment one, and described in present embodiment, current sensor 9 is for running through current detector.
Detailed description of the invention three: present embodiment is described further embodiment one or two, accepts electrode 10 for metallic plate, metal bar or metal electrode described in present embodiment.
In present embodiment, accepting electrode 10 is a metallic plate parallel with workpiece 6 as a rule; Also a metal bar parallel with workpiece 6 can be reduced in some cases, such as, for welding or the cutting of just single straight line; Or can also be reduced to one vertical with workpiece 6, and the metal electrode corresponding with plasma gun electrode 2 position, such as workpiece 6 can move or accept electrode 10 can with in the synchronization-moving situation of plasma gun electrode 2.Accepting electrode 10 can adopt water-cooling pattern to bear big current as required.
Claims (5)
1. an electric current runs through the plasma-arc method of keyhole, it is characterized in that, the negative pole of plasma arc power supply (1) is connected the head end of plasma gun electrode (2) by it, the end of plasma gun electrode (2) corresponds to plasma gun constricting nozzle (3), the positive pole of plasma arc power supply (1) is connected with workpiece (6) by switch (7), switch (7) is in parallel with current regulator (8), the positive pole of plasma arc power supply (1) connects one end of current sensor (9) simultaneously, the other end of current sensor (9) accepts one end of electrode (10), accept electrode (10) and workpiece (6) corresponding placement, described plasma-arc method is:
Switch (7) is made to be placed in closure state, by the to be processed position of the outlet of plasma gun constricting nozzle (3) near workpiece (6), make under the effect of plasma arc power supply (1), form plasma-arc (4) between the end of plasma gun electrode (2) and the position to be processed of workpiece (6), this plasma-arc (4) forms the first plasma jet loop by workpiece (6) and switch (7) with plasma arc power supply (1);
While said process, monitoring current sensor (9), when monitor have electric current to exist in current sensor (9) time, the upper keyhole (5) of workpiece (6) is formed, now, switch (7) is disconnected, plasma-arc (4) through keyhole (5) with accept electrode (10) and plasma arc power supply (1) forms the second plasma jet loop; Plasma-arc (4) forms arc maintenance path via workpiece (6) and current regulator (8) with plasma arc power supply (1) simultaneously; Thus, the electric current of plasma-arc (4) achieves running through keyhole.
2. electric current according to claim 1 runs through the plasma-arc method of keyhole, it is characterized in that, current sensor (9) is for running through current detector.
3. electric current according to claim 1 and 2 runs through the plasma-arc method of keyhole, it is characterized in that, the described electrode (10) that accepts is metallic plate.
4. electric current according to claim 1 and 2 runs through the plasma-arc method of keyhole, it is characterized in that, the described electrode (10) that accepts is metal bar.
5. electric current according to claim 1 and 2 runs through the plasma-arc method of keyhole, it is characterized in that, the described electrode (10) that accepts is metal electrode.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310293966.4A CN103386541B (en) | 2013-07-11 | 2013-07-11 | Plasma arc method for perforating key hole by current |
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| CN201310293966.4A CN103386541B (en) | 2013-07-11 | 2013-07-11 | Plasma arc method for perforating key hole by current |
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| CN103386541B true CN103386541B (en) | 2015-05-20 |
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| CN108941864A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-12-07 | 南通航运职业技术学院 | Steel plate cutting reason material all-in-one multifunctional machine |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58138566A (en) * | 1982-02-10 | 1983-08-17 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Plasma key hole welding method |
| JP2002001543A (en) * | 2000-06-21 | 2002-01-08 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Plasma cutting method and its device |
| JP2010284665A (en) * | 2009-06-10 | 2010-12-24 | Daihen Corp | Plasma key hole welding method |
| CN202097491U (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2012-01-04 | 昆山瑞凌焊接科技有限公司 | Plasma cutting pilot arc circuit |
| CN102554404A (en) * | 2012-01-15 | 2012-07-11 | 杭州凯尔达电焊机有限公司 | Guide arc current circuit for plasma cutting power supply |
| CN202763266U (en) * | 2012-06-14 | 2013-03-06 | 周祎隆 | Novel ignited arc control device of plasma cutting machine |
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2013
- 2013-07-11 CN CN201310293966.4A patent/CN103386541B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58138566A (en) * | 1982-02-10 | 1983-08-17 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Plasma key hole welding method |
| JP2002001543A (en) * | 2000-06-21 | 2002-01-08 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Plasma cutting method and its device |
| JP2010284665A (en) * | 2009-06-10 | 2010-12-24 | Daihen Corp | Plasma key hole welding method |
| CN202097491U (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2012-01-04 | 昆山瑞凌焊接科技有限公司 | Plasma cutting pilot arc circuit |
| CN102554404A (en) * | 2012-01-15 | 2012-07-11 | 杭州凯尔达电焊机有限公司 | Guide arc current circuit for plasma cutting power supply |
| CN202763266U (en) * | 2012-06-14 | 2013-03-06 | 周祎隆 | Novel ignited arc control device of plasma cutting machine |
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