CN103383187B - Drying furnace or pyrolyzing furnace with rotary material bed - Google Patents
Drying furnace or pyrolyzing furnace with rotary material bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN103383187B CN103383187B CN201210135296.9A CN201210135296A CN103383187B CN 103383187 B CN103383187 B CN 103383187B CN 201210135296 A CN201210135296 A CN 201210135296A CN 103383187 B CN103383187 B CN 103383187B
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Abstract
A drying or pyrolysis furnace having a rotating material bed, comprising: the utility model discloses a material bed, including confined casing, be located N concentric annular surface form rotary material bed in the casing, the dog-house, N both ends realize seamless joint's striker plate respectively with rotary material bed inner wall and the outer wall that corresponds, N feed opening, and at least one exhaust outlet and/or pyrolysis gas product export, every rotary material bed includes at the bottom of the rotatable plane bed and for the stationary inner wall and the outer wall at the bottom of the bed, there is at least one through-hole at the bottom of the bed of every rotary material bed, N rotary material bed descends by inside outside height gradually, and realize seamless joint. When the material rotates to the position of the material baffle plate along with the bed bottom of the rotary material bed, the material is pushed outwards from inside by the material baffle plate, and then falls into the next rotary material bed connected with the material baffle plate through the material outlet, so that the material falls from inside to outside step by step, is conveyed to the position of the material outlet of the outermost rotary material bed through the bed bottom of the N rotary material beds, and finally is discharged out of the drying furnace or the pyrolysis furnace through the material outlet.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to and a kind of there is rotating material bed drying oven or pyrolysis oven, particularly relate to a kind of have rotating material bed, for the drying oven of Solid carbonaceous material or pyrolysis oven.
Background technology
Under the background of Global Oil and Gas Resources worsening shortages, as the mode By Reasonable Utilizing Its Coal Resources of how low cost and environmental protection, realize supplementary, the even alternative important subject becoming energy industry of coal to petroleum resources.
Through for many years research and great many of experiments, can determine that the Appropriate application mode of coal resources carries out classification refining, comprehensive utilization according to the different characteristics of ature of coal, coal to coal.One of Basic Ways that dry and pyrolytic technique is then coal classification refining, fully utilize.Usually, Solid carbonaceous material, can be divided three classes by pyrolysis temperature as pyrolysis of coal: 900 ~ 1100 DEG C of high temperature pyrolysis; Warm solution in 700 ~ 900 DEG C; 350 ~ 700 DEG C of low temperature pyrogenations.Pyrolysis of coal can form the three class products such as combustible gas, tar and semicoke (or coke) usually, and pyrolytic process is different, and three class product compositions or yield will have larger difference.At present, the pyrolytic process of coal developed in the world reaches more than 30 and plants, but all there is certain limitation due to various technique, causes extensive industrialization or business-like pyrolysis of coal technology and few.
At Solid carbonaceous material, as in the pyrolytic technique of coal, dry and/or pyrolysis installation is its core.Gu pyrolysis can be divided into solid-pyrolytic process and gas-solid pyrolytic process by heat transfer type, different pyrolytic processes corresponds to drying and/or the pyrolysis installation of different structure, the different requirements also corresponding to material physical and chemical performance, movement locus and mixing and/or distribute.For gas-solid pyrolytic process, structure that is dry and/or pyrolysis installation will be guaranteed drying and/or realize all even stable heat transfer between pyrolysis material and gas heat carrier, and this just requires that the contact between material and gas heat carrier will reach all even stable.In order to realize this purpose, the distribution in dry and/or pyrolysis installation of dry and/or pyrolysis material and gas heat carrier and/or movement locus must accurately control, and remain stable, can not occur too large fluctuation.But regrettably, in the prior art, drying and/or the pyrolysis installation that can reach this standard are few.
US3,859,172 disclose the flat rotating material bed calcining furnace of a kind of many claws, and this calcining furnace also can be used as drying oven, and it comprises not corresponding with each material inlet 20 and each material outlet 18 claw 16 of multiple spaced different material entrance 20, different material outlet 18 and multicomponent.Described each material inlet 20 is positioned at rotating material bed outer edge region; Described each material outlet 18 is located at rotating material bed central area; Described claw 16 is suspended from described rotating material bed top, and from rotating material bed enough close to, its relative to material bed keep static, when rotating with box lunch material bed combing and/or movement rotating material bed on material.Described flat rotating material bed can in stove System of Rotating about Fixed Axis, different material drops on rotating material bed outward flange zones of different by different entrance 20, then various material moves along different lines (movement locus) ecto-entad respectively, until discharged by its material outlet 18 being positioned at central area under corresponding claw 16 acts on.Simultaneously the maximum feature of this calcining furnace can calcine or dry several different material, because the movement locus of each material does not intersect, so each material is through its entrance, outlet and respective movement locus, can realize calcining and/or drying in a calcining furnace.If needed, two or more materials that movement locus is adjacent also can realize mixing by means of claw 16.Clearly, above-mentioned calcining furnace is difficult to be used as pyrolysis oven, even if by force used as pyrolysis oven, Gu also can only be solid-heat transfer type, i.e. solid thermal carriers and treat that pyrolysis material enters in stove through respective entrance, and when moving in stove, carry out mixing, contact and conducting heat by means of claw 16.Although the structure of this calcining furnace is unique, when material moves in stove, promote by multiple claw 16, like this, because material cannot keep constant at the thickness on rotating material bed, heat transfer can't be very even.
US4,834,650 disclose and a kind ofly have the rotating material bed rotary hearth furnace of infundibulate.Described rotary hearth furnace can be used as drying oven or pyrolysis oven.Wherein, rotating material bed 15 are arranged in burner hearth 10, and can rotate along cylinder 23.Material in hopper 25 falls the outer edge region of rotating material bed 15 by pipeline 26, the peaceful claw of guide rake 28 70 auxiliary under gradually downwards and be moved into outlet 22 place being positioned at rotating material bed 15 central authorities.Although the tilted design at the bottom of above-mentioned rotating material bed 15 can reduce the energy consumption needed for the promotion of material ecto-entad, also drawn new problem simultaneously.Because material to promote by means of only guide rake 28 at material bed exercise and to guide, and do not have physical barriers between different material row, the controllability of material movement is relatively weak.In rotary course, easily there is the situation such as back-mixing, tandem in the material being positioned at different lines, thus make material different with the time of staying at the thickness on rotating material bed, and heat transfer uniformity is deteriorated, and pyrolysis uniformity coefficient is also deteriorated thereupon.When above-mentioned rotary hearth furnace is amplified to commercial Application scale, between different lines, the situation of material back-mixing and tandem is even more serious, so that all causes harmful effect to the quality of pyrolysis of coal, stability and economy.
Above-mentioned all documents are introduced with for referencial use in full at this.
Based on the above specification and analysis to prior art, be necessary to improve existing rotating material bed drying oven or pyrolysis oven, to improve the controllability of material distribution, motion in stove, thus reach the object of uniformly transfer heat and evenly drying or pyrolysis, finally to set up safe, the stable industrialization drying or pyrolysis installation with larger process ability.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide and a kind ofly accurately controls material distribution and movement locus, reach uniformly transfer heat and evenly pyrolysis and can stronger industrialization drying oven, pyrolysis oven or the chilling device of amplification.
Drying oven of the present invention, pyrolysis oven or chilling device overcome shortcoming existing in above-mentioned prior art completely.
According to the present invention, provide a kind of and there is rotating material bed drying oven or pyrolysis oven, comprising:
The housing closed;
The N number of concentric ring planar being arranged in described enclosure interior space is rotating material bed, describedly N number ofly rotating material bedly define the N number of movement locus of material, N be greater than 1 integer, wherein eachly rotating material bedly to comprise at the bottom of rotatable ring plain bed and relative to inner and outer wall actionless at the bottom of described bed, in rotating material bed at adjacent two, the external diameter of inboard rotating material bed outer wall equals the internal diameter of the rotating material bed inwall in outside, at least one is had to pass through for dry gas or pyrolysis heated air at the bottom of each rotating material bed bed, fully to contact and heat exchange with the material on material bed, thus realize through hole that is dry or pyrolysis, describedly N number ofly rotating material bedly to decline highly gradually from inside to outside, and realize seamless connection,
Dog-house, near the central shaft of described drying oven or pyrolysis oven, vertical corresponding innermost layer rotating material bed, so as described material to be directly sent to innermost layer rotating material bed above;
N number of striker plate, corresponding to N number of rotating material bed, each striker plate while do seamless connection with the rotating material bed inwall corresponding to it, another side and the rotating material bed outer wall corresponding to it do seamless connection, and striker plate is eccentric relative to the rotating material bed axle center corresponding to it;
N number of feed opening, corresponding to N number of striker plate and N number of rotating material bed, on rotating material bed outer wall near the striker plate of each feed opening corresponding to it and corresponding to it, the vertical plane of described feed opening at least partly overlaps with the vertical plane of the striker plate corresponding to it, to make:
When rotating to the position of described striker plate at the bottom of material is with described rotating material bed bed, described material is from inside outwards pushed by described striker plate, thus the feed opening near described striker plate falls into and to be connected mutually with it and the next one outside it is rotating material bed,
Like this, material falls from inside to outside step by step, outmost rotating material bed feed opening position is transported at the bottom of N number of rotating material bed bed, discharge outside described drying oven or pyrolysis oven finally by this feed opening, therebetween, material carries out heat exchange with the dry gas realizing fully contacting through above-mentioned through hole and described material or pyrolysis heated air, thus the dry or pyrolysis by described gas; With
The waste gas outlet of at least one dry gas or pyrolysis heated air or pyrolysis gas product exit.
Preferably, be fixed on a central shaft at the bottom of described N number of rotating material bed bed or have on the truss of central shaft, and rotate with described central shaft or truss and rotate, and N number of rotating material bed inner and outer wall is fixed in described closed inner walls, more preferably, each rotating material bed also have a height control plate, for control or regulate material each rotating material bed in thickness.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, under N number of rotating material bed bed, side also has at least one gas distributor, is uniformly distributed when fully contacting with described material to make dry gas or pyrolysis heated air.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the total residence time 5-60 minute of material in described drying oven or pyrolysis oven, wherein, material each rotating material bed in the time of staying identical or substantially identical.
Usually, but the horizontal cross-section linear of described striker plate, arc line shaped or S shape.Drying oven of the present invention or pyrolysis oven can be used for carbonaceous material or other mineral substance material, as the drying of clay or pyrolysis, also can be used for the cooling of these materials, such as Quench.
Preferably, in drying oven of the present invention or pyrolysis oven, described N number of rotating material bed bed floor space is identical.Usually, the material particular diameter entered in drying oven of the present invention or pyrolysis oven is about 6 millimeters-50 millimeters.
In this manual, Solid carbonaceous material is a wide in range concept, and it can comprise: coal, coal directly-liquefied residue, heavy oil residue, Jiao, petroleum coke, oil-sand, shale oil, carbonaceous industrial waste or tailing, living beings, synthetic plastic, synthetic polymer, damaged tire, Municipal solid rubbish, pitch and/or their mixture.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the general structure schematic diagram of drying oven of the present invention or pyrolysis oven;
Fig. 2 is the schematic plan of rotating material bed and Material moving track N number of in the drying oven shown in Fig. 1 or pyrolysis oven;
Fig. 3 is at the bottom of rotating material bed bed N number of in the drying oven shown in Fig. 1 or pyrolysis oven and the structural representation of a truss embodiment;
Fig. 4 is at the bottom of rotating material bed bed N number of in the drying oven shown in Fig. 1 or pyrolysis oven and the structural representation of another embodiment of truss; With
Fig. 5 is the schematic perspective view of rotating material bed and Material moving track N number of in the drying oven shown in Fig. 1 or pyrolysis oven.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further explained in detail by description below with reference to the accompanying drawings, corresponding or equivalent parts wherein shown in accompanying drawing or the identical reference numerals of feature represent, following description is only for making general technical staff of the technical field of the invention can clearly understand principle of the present invention and marrow simultaneously, does not mean that and carries out any type of restriction to the present invention.
Drying oven of the present invention or pyrolysis oven are applicable to drying, pyrolysis and Quench Solid carbonaceous material and other mineral substance material, are especially suitable as large-scale drying or the pyrolysis plant of process of single covering device day material quantity 3000 ~ 5000 tons.As shown in Figure 1, drying oven of the present invention or pyrolysis oven 100 comprise central rotating shaft 40, N number of can with central rotating shaft 40 clockwise or be rotated counterclockwise rotating material bed 30, hold described N number of closure casing of rotating material bed 30 10, the to be dried or material mouth 50 of pyrolysis, the waste gas outlet of the discharging opening 60 of solid product and dry gas or pyrolysis heated air and/or pyrolysis gas product exit 20.The N of indication of the present invention be greater than 1 integer, such as 2-8, particularly 4-6.
As the present invention's illustrative embodiments, closure casing 10 can comprise the upper shell 102 with taper top and the lower house 104 be connected with upper shell 102, wherein, be provided with water seal between upper shell 102 and lower house 104, in housing 10, pressure can be maintained atmospheric pressure or pressure-fired.The inner space that upper shell 102 and lower house 104 form jointly holds N number of rotating material bed 30, central rotating shaft 40 is arranged along the center line of housing 10, and passes lower house 104 to downward-extension and be connected with bearing (not shown) and transmission device (not shown).
In one embodiment of the present invention, N number of rotating material bed 30 define the N number of movement locus of material.Each rotating material bed 30 to comprise at the bottom of rotatable ring plain bed 301 and relative to inwall 302 actionless at the bottom of described bed and outer wall 303.In adjacent two rotating material bed 30, the external diameter of the outer wall 303 of inboard rotating material bed 30 equals the internal diameter of rotating material bed 30 inwalls 302 in outside.Dog-house 50 near the central rotating shaft 40 of described drying oven or pyrolysis oven, rotating material bed 30 of vertical corresponding innermost layer, so as material to be directly sent to innermost layer rotating material bed 30 above.Discharging opening 60 is arranged away from the central rotating shaft 40 of described drying oven or pyrolysis oven, and is connected with outermost rotating material bed 30, leaves drying oven or pyrolysis oven 100 to make pyrolysis or dried solid product.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, at the bottom of described N number of annular bed of rotating material bed 30,301 are linked together by truss 70.Structure and the layout of truss 70 are similar to umbrella frame, are arranged on the top of central rotating shaft 40, and rotate along with the rotation of central rotating shaft 40, thus 301 to rotate at the bottom of the anchor ring shape bed of driven rotary material bed 30.Truss 70 is located at the below of at the bottom of anchor ring shape bed 301, and the upper surface of truss 70 at least contacts with the lower surface of 301 inner rims at the bottom of each annular bed, thus plays the effect of at the bottom of support and stationary annular bed 301.Preferably, as shown in Figure 3, the neighboring of 301 at the bottom of bed is by being fixed on truss 70 with 301 vertical cylinders 308 at the bottom of bed.In adjacent rotating material bed 30, at the bottom of the upper periphery of cylinder 308 and inboard bed, the neighboring of 301 realizes seamless connection, at the bottom of following peripheral and outside bed, the inner rim of 301 and the upper surface of truss 70 realize seamless connection, thus play the effect that support and Stationary liquid answer at the bottom of bed 301.Cylinder 308 can be close to the inwall 302 of rotating material bed 30 or a part for inwall 302, the following peripheral of the outer wall 303 of rotating material bed 30 overlaps substantially with the upper periphery of the cylinder 308 supporting at the bottom of this bed of rotating material bed 30 301, or makes the inner surface of outer wall 303 following peripheral of rotating material bed 30 or outer surface be close to inner surface or the outer surface of the upper periphery of the cylinder 308 supporting at the bottom of this 301.In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 4, multiple pillar 701 longitudinally connecting 301 lower surfaces and truss 70 upper surface at the bottom of each bed can be used to replace at the bottom of cylinder 308 supporting bed 301.
The inwall 302 of rotating material bed 30 and outer wall 303 can be fixed on the inwall of housing 10, such as roof.Inwall 302 and outer wall 303 can be counted as the N number of tubular dividing wall (non-label) be fixed on housing 10 inwall, and at the bottom of this N number of dividing wall and N number of, 301 intervals arrange and jointly form described N number of rotating material bed 30.Dividing wall can by suspension rod and keel (not shown) from the inwall of upper shell 102 hang from above and under, its hang height should make its base respectively with at the bottom of the bed be positioned at inside it 301 neighboring contact, its bottom inner diameter equals the external diameter being positioned at the bottom of the bed inside it 301 substantially respectively.As those of ordinary skill in the art institute easy understand, at the bottom of bed, 301 can be arranged for accommodating the structure such as groove, slide rail on dividing wall base, thus to realize at the bottom of the bed rotated 301 and smooth connection between actionless inwall 302 and outer wall 303.
The striker plate 305 that one is used for pushing from inside to outside material flow is also hung with above 301 at the bottom of each bed of rotating material bed 30.As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5, but the horizontal cross-section linear of striker plate 305, arc line shaped or S shape.Each striker plate 305 while do seamless connection with the inwall 302 of rotating material bed 30 corresponding to it, the outer wall 303 of another side and rotating material bed 30 corresponding to it does seamless connection.Striker plate 305 is eccentric relative to the axle center of rotating material bed 30 corresponding to it.For realizing the step by step transmission of material in N number of rotating material bed 30, pyrolysis oven of the present invention or drying oven also comprise the N number of feed opening 307 corresponding to N number of striker plate 305 and N number of rotating material bed 30.Each feed opening 307 is arranged near the striker plate 305 corresponding to it and on the outer wall 303 of rotating material bed 30 corresponding to it.The vertical plane of feed opening 307 at least partly overlaps with the vertical plane of the striker plate 305 corresponding to it, with convenient material with at the bottom of the bed of rotating material bed 30 301 rotate to the position corresponding to this striker plate of rotating material bed 30 305 time, material is outwards pushed from inner by striker plate 305, thus the feed opening 307 near described striker plate 305 falls into and is connected mutually with it, and in the next one rotating material bed 30 outside it, like this, material falls from inside to outside step by step, at the bottom of N number of bed of rotating material bed 30,301 are transported to the outmost feed opening of rotating material bed 30 307 position, discharge outside described drying oven or pyrolysis oven finally by the discharging opening 60 near this feed opening 307.As shown in Figure 5, preferably, the longitudinal direction on rotating material bed 30 outer walls 303 of feed opening 307 corresponding to it runs through opening.A side of feed opening 307 with to should rotating material bed 30 the outside of striker plate 305 be connected mutually, another side with corresponding under the inner edge of striker plate 305 of one deck rotating material bed 30 be connected mutually.For directing material flows between 301 at the bottom of the bed of different rotary material bed 30 smoothly, striker plate 305 is linear, arc line shaped or S shape, it can be made up of sheet metal or metallic plate, its horizontal size should be more than or equal to the width of rotating material bed 30, and longitudinal size should be equal to or greater than the thickness H of material flow at the bottom of bed on 301.
Preferably, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2,301 at least one is had for dry gas or pyrolysis heated air by fully to contact with the material on rotating material bed 30 and heat exchange thus realize the through hole 3011 of drying or pyrolysis at the bottom of each bed of rotating material bed 30.More preferably, the bottom of lower house 104 is also provided with the hot gas inlet 106 for introducing hot gas.The hot gas deriving from drying oven or pyrolysis oven 100 outside is entered in the inner space of housing 10 by hot gas inlet 106, and through above-mentioned through hole 3011 with rotating material bed 30 on material directly contact and conduct heat, thus carry out drying or pyrolysis.More preferably, at the bottom of N number of bed of rotating material bed 30, also having at least one gas distributor (not shown) below 301, being uniformly distributed when fully contacting with described material to make dry gas or pyrolysis heated air.Hot gas through material continues to rise, the gaseous products produced with dry or pyrolysis together discharges drying oven or pyrolysis oven 100 by the waste gas outlet on upper shell 102 top and/or pyrolysis gas product exit 20, and carry out subsequently being separated, dedusting, the process such as condensation.As known to persons of ordinary skill in the art, described hot gas can select steam, inert gas, dedusting and condensed pyrolysis gas, flue gas, synthesis gas, coke-stove gas, raw coke oven gas and their mixture etc.
The described number of rotating material bed 30 and/or the number of plies should be determined according to the treating capacity of drying oven or pyrolysis oven and size.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, drying oven or pyrolysis oven comprise that 3 ~ 8 internal diameters increase gradually rotating material bed 30.More preferably, the volume of material in each rotating material bed 30 should be substantially equal, thus make material each rotating material bed in the time of staying identical.Therefore, at the bottom of the height H of material in rotating material bed 30, described each bed, the width W of 301 and the internal diameter R of rotating material bed 30 should meet following equation (1):
H
1((R
1+W
1)
2-R
1 2)＝H
2((R
2+W
2)
2-R
2 2)＝…＝H
n((R
n+W
n)
2-R
n 2) (1)
Wherein H
1for the thickness of material flow in the superiors rotating material bed 30, R
1for the internal diameter of the superiors rotating material bed 30, W
1at the bottom of the bed that the superiors are rotating material bed 301 width; H
nfor the thickness of material flow in orlop rotating material bed 30, R
nfor the internal diameter of orlop rotating material bed 30, W
nfor at the bottom of the bed of orlop rotating material bed 30 301 width.
For controlling the thickness of material in rotating material bed 30, in the present invention one more preferably embodiment, described drying oven or pyrolysis oven also comprise N number of respectively through hanging the height control plate 304 be fixed on above in the of N number of rotating material bed 30, for controlling or regulating the thickness of material in each rotating material bed 30.Height control plate 304 for 301 scraper plate be arranged in parallel or cross bars at the bottom of the bed of rotating material bed 30 corresponding to it, and the base of height control plate 304 and rotating material bed 30 bed at the bottom of distance between 301 equal required material flow thickness substantially.Material flow thickness is determined according to actual needs, with material as far as possible fully, thermally equivalent and fully, evenly dry and pyrolysis is for principle.
Most preferably, for making the hot gas physical efficiency of drying or pyrolysis material contact more equably and heat the material in rotating material bed 301, the thickness of material in each rotating material bed 30 is identical.Under the prerequisite that material flow thickness H is identical, identical to ensure N number of volume of rotating material bed 30,301 areas at the bottom of described N number of bed of rotating material bed 30 just must be made substantially to keep identical.Thus each width W of rotating material bed 30 can be determined according to equation (2):
(R
1+W
1)
2-R
1 2＝(R
2+W
2)
2-R
2 2＝…＝(R
n+W
n)
2-R
n 2(2)
Wherein, the alphabetical implication in equation (2) is identical with equation (1).
As those of ordinary skill in the art institute easy understand, dry or pyrolysis time is fully had for making material, the rotating speed of rotating material bed 30 is general lower, be such as 0.1 ~ 1.0rpm, therefore, although be arranged in the superiors, radius minimum rotating material bed 30 material be arranged in orlop, radius maximum rotating material bed 30 the linear velocity of material different, the centripetal force caused because of linear velocity is still not enough to produce obviously impact to the distribution of the rotation material in each rotating material bed 30.As shown in Figure 1, when material flow thickness H is identical, the width of rotating material bed 30 reduces from top to bottom, from inside to outside gradually.The time of staying of material in each rotating material bed 30 equals the time required for rotating material bed 30 rotation one circles substantially, thus can control the total residence time of material in rotating material bed 30 by adjusting rotating material bed rotating speed, this is conducive to the operation controllability and the operating flexibility that increase drying oven or pyrolysis oven 100.
It should be noted that, the thickness of material in rotating material bed 30 should be equal to or less than the height of rotating material bed 30 inwall 302 outer surfaces and outer wall 303 inner surface, not easily overflows rotating material bed 30 to make material when moving or flow.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the thickness of material flow is controlled by height control plate 304, and each height of rotating material bed 30 then depends on the height of its inwall 302 and outer wall 303.In the present invention's embodiment be more preferably, described each inwall of rotating material bed 30 302 is identical with the height of outer wall 303 outer surface.Due in adjacent two rotating material bed 30, inwall 302 outer surface of lower one deck rotating material bed 30 can be counted as the outer wall 303 outer surface extension straight down of last layer rotating material bed 30, thus the outer surface height of inwall 302 and outer wall 303 should be more than or equal to last layer material flow thickness and lower one deck material flow thickness and.As shown in Figure 5, if the thickness H in each rotating material bed 30 is identical for material, and to make at the bottom of coated of outer wall 303 cylinder 308 below 301, then the outer surface height of inwall 302 and outer wall 303 should be more than or equal to 2H, but we should be noted that: inwall 302 may be different with the inner surface of outer wall 303 and the height of outer surface.
As shown in Figure 5, by as above designing, seamless connection between adjacent rotating material bed 30, material in last layer rotating material bed 30 with this rotating material bed 30 bed at the bottom of 301 rotate a circle after be namely transferred striker plate 305 position above somewhere, the end of falling bed 301, and be subject to striker plate 305 pushing from inside to outside, then material moves along the outer surface of striker plate 305, and to be entered by feed opening 307 at the bottom of the bed of lower one deck rotating material bed 30 above 301.So, material at the bottom of each rotating material bed bed 301 transmission under to be delivered to step by step from top to bottom, from inside to outside at the bottom of the undermost bed of rotating material bed 30 on 301, then at the bottom of the bed being left last one deck rotating material bed 30 by discharging opening 60 301.Striker plate 305 makes material mobilely in rotating material bed 30 enter in lower one deck rotating material bed 30 after circle at this, thus avoid because material makes at this circular motion that repeats in rotating material bed 30 and extend the total residence time of material in drying oven or pyrolysis oven 100, also reach object material being progressively sent to discharging opening from dog-house simultaneously.。
When operationally stating drying oven or pyrolysis oven 100 with dry or RESEARCH OF PYROCARBON material or other mineral substance material, granularity be 6 ~ 50mm material particles through dog-house 50 be added into the superiors, be also innermost layer rotating material bed 30 in.The material cast strikes off by height control plate 304, and makes material flow keep certain thickness.Material with at the bottom of each bed of rotating material bed 30 301 from inner move to outwards, from top to bottom outermost layer, be also in undermost rotating material bed 30 after, be sent to discharging opening 60 place through last striker plate 307 and discharge drying oven or pyrolysis oven 100.Above-mentioned material with at the bottom of each bed of rotating material bed 30 301 move time, weary oxygen or oxygen deprivation hot gas enter in the inner space of housing 10 from the hot gas inlet 106 be arranged on lower house 104, carry out contacting and heat exchange with the material in rotating material bed 30 by the through hole 3014 at the bottom of each bed on 301, thus dried or pyrolysis.Material flow thickness is preferably 200mm ~ 600mm; The total residence time of material in drying oven or pyrolysis oven 100 is about 5 ~ 60min.After dry or pyrolysis completes, waste gas or gaseous products, discharge drying oven or pyrolysis oven from waste gas outlet and/or pyrolysis gas product exit 20 as pyrolysis gas; Solid product, discharge drying oven or pyrolysis oven from discharging opening 60 as semicoke.
In general, drying oven of the present invention or pyrolysis oven have in following numerous beneficial effect at least one or all:
1, rotatable at the bottom of rotating material bed bed, and its outer wall and inwall are not rotatable, material is stopped by horizontal striker plate between outer wall and inwall after moving one week with the rotation at the bottom of bed, next stage is fallen into along striker plate outer surface by the sidewall feed opening near it rotating material bed under striker plate pushing and forcing from inside to outside, thus material each rotating material bed in the time of staying be roughly at the bottom of this rotating material bed bed and rotate a circle the required time, like this, can by the accurate control of the time of staying that realizes material in drying oven or pyrolysis oven of rotating speed at the bottom of the rotating material bed bed of adjustment.
2, at the bottom of bed and the interval of sidewall and sound are arranged, and achieve the physical separation of Material moving track, thoroughly to avoid in traditional drying stove or pyrolysis oven material between different lines or the back-mixing of diverse location and tandem;
3, the thickness of each rotating material bed middle material flow is strictly controlled by height control plate, make material be evenly distributed in rotating material bed on, so at the bottom of rotating material bed bed introduce hot gas can flow uniformly across rotating material bed material flow and reach even, stable heat transfer, such pyrolytic process will become all even stable, thus make operation become stable and controlled, make end product have good quality;
4, material can be counted as one from mixed process from the rotating material bed rotating material bed process of lower one deck that falls into of last layer, and this process is conducive to improving further the uniformity that material is heated;
5, the movement locus of material in rotating material bed is from inside to outside, from top to bottom, and it makes rotating material bedly still have good stability and controllability when load-bearing increases, and this is conducive to equipment to be amplified to commercial scale and commercial scale;
6, drying oven of the present invention or pyrolysis oven can for the pyrolysis of various Solid carbonaceous material, drying and/or process for cooling directly or after transforming a little, in this manual, Solid carbonaceous material is a wide in range concept, and it can comprise: coal, coal directly-liquefied residue, heavy oil residue, Jiao, petroleum coke, oil-sand, shale oil, carbonaceous industrial waste or tailing, living beings, synthetic plastic, synthetic polymer, damaged tire, Municipal solid rubbish, pitch and/or their mixture.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention by detailed one exemplary embodiment below, but these embodiments do not form any limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
With the drying oven of the present invention shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 5 or pyrolysis oven, low temperature pyrogenation is carried out to the Hulun Buir brown coal that its Industrial Analysis and elementary analysis are illustrated respectively in table 1 and table 2 below.Wherein the benchmark of Industrial Analysis and elementary analysis is all air-dried basises, and elementary analysis is only analyzed for organic matter, does not comprise ash content and moisture.
Table 1
Table 2
By through pulverize and screening to process the particle diameter that obtains be in the Hulun Buir brown coal of the 15 ~ 50mm above-mentioned drying oven of sending into industrially scalable continuously or pyrolysis oven 100, pass into the weary oxygen hot gas that oxygen content is 0.8%, temperature is 700 DEG C wherein, carry out low temperature pyrogenation with following technological parameter and operating condition.
The structural parameters of pyrolysis oven 100:
Day output: 3000 tons/day;
Pan feeding density: 600kg/m
3;
Rotating material bed whole height: 1.6m, minimum diameter: 4m,
The external diameter of pyrolysis oven: 15.4m;
Pyrolysis oven comprise 4 fall step by step rotating material bed, its width is followed successively by: W
1=2.2m, W
2=1.4m, W
3=1.1m; W
4=0.96m;
Material flow thickness in rotating material bed is: 400mm; With
Technological parameter and the operating condition of pyrolysis are as follows:
Furnace pressure: normal pressure;
Maximum temperature in stove: 500 DEG C;
Pyrolysis time: 20 minutes.
The actual tar yield of pyrolysis gained, coal gas (net heat is vented one's spleen) productive rate, aquatic products rate and char yeild are illustrated respectively in below in table 3.
Embodiment 2
By through pulverize and screening to process the particle diameter that obtains be in the Hulun Buir brown coal of the 15 ~ 30mm above-mentioned drying oven of sending into industrially scalable continuously or pyrolysis oven 100, pass into the weary oxygen hot gas that oxygen content is 0.8%, temperature is 850 DEG C, carry out low temperature pyrogenation with following technological parameter and operating condition.
The structural parameters of pyrolysis oven 100:
Day output: 5000 tons/day;
Pan feeding density 705kg/m
3;
Rotating material bed whole height: 2.5m, minimum diameter: 5m,
The external diameter of pyrolysis oven: 20m;
Pyrolysis oven comprise 5 fall step by step rotating material bed, its width is followed successively by: W
1=2.5m, W
2=1.6m, W
3=1.3m; W
4=1.1m, W
5=0.99m;
Material flow thickness 500mm in rotating material bed.
Technological parameter and the operating condition of pyrolysis are as follows:
Furnace pressure: normal pressure;
Maximum temperature in stove: 600 DEG C;
Pyrolysis time 30 minutes.
The actual tar yield of pyrolysis gained, coal gas (net heat is vented one's spleen) productive rate, aquatic products rate and char yeild are also illustrated respectively in below in table 3.
Table 3
The term that this description is used and form of presentation are only used as descriptive and nonrestrictive term and form of presentation, are not intended to by any equivalents thereof exclude of the feature that represents and describe or its part outside when using these terms and form of presentation.
Although show and described several embodiment of the present invention, the present invention has not been restricted to described embodiment.On the contrary; those skilled in the art should recognize can carry out any accommodation and improvement to these embodiments when not departing from principle of the present invention and spirit, and protection scope of the present invention determined by appended claim and equivalent thereof.
Claims (11)
1. there is rotating material bed drying oven or a pyrolysis oven, comprising:
The housing closed;
The N number of concentric ring planar being arranged in described enclosure interior space is rotating material bed, describedly N number ofly rotating material bedly define the N number of movement locus of material, N be greater than 1 integer, wherein eachly rotating material bedly to comprise at the bottom of rotatable ring plain bed and relative to inner and outer wall actionless at the bottom of described bed, in rotating material bed at adjacent two, the external diameter of inboard rotating material bed outer wall equals the internal diameter of the rotating material bed inwall in outside, at least one is had to pass through for dry gas or pyrolysis heated air at the bottom of each rotating material bed bed, fully to contact and heat exchange with the material on material bed, thus realize through hole that is dry or pyrolysis, describedly N number ofly rotating material bedly to decline highly gradually from inside to outside, and realize seamless connection,
Dog-house, near the central shaft of described drying oven or pyrolysis oven, vertical corresponding innermost layer rotating material bed, so as described material to be directly sent to innermost layer rotating material bed above;
N number of striker plate, corresponding to N number of rotating material bed, each striker plate while do seamless connection with the rotating material bed inwall corresponding to it, another side and the rotating material bed outer wall corresponding to it do seamless connection, and striker plate is eccentric relative to the rotating material bed axle center corresponding to it;
N number of feed opening, corresponding to N number of striker plate and N number of rotating material bed, on rotating material bed outer wall near the striker plate of each feed opening corresponding to it and corresponding to it, the vertical plane of described feed opening at least partly overlaps with the vertical plane of the striker plate corresponding to it, to make:
When rotating to the position of described striker plate at the bottom of material is with described rotating material bed bed, described material is from inside outwards pushed by described striker plate, thus the feed opening near described striker plate falls into and to be connected mutually with it and the next one outside it is rotating material bed,
Like this, material falls from inside to outside step by step, outmost rotating material bed feed opening position is transported at the bottom of N number of rotating material bed bed, discharge outside described drying oven or pyrolysis oven finally by this feed opening, therebetween, material carries out heat exchange with the dry gas realizing fully contacting through above-mentioned through hole and described material or pyrolysis heated air, thus the dry or pyrolysis by described gas; With
The waste gas outlet of at least one dry gas or pyrolysis heated air or pyrolysis gas product exit.
2. drying oven according to claim 1 or pyrolysis oven, wherein, is fixed on a central shaft or has on the truss of central shaft at the bottom of N number of rotating material bed bed, and with described central shaft or or truss rotate and rotate.
3. drying oven according to claim 1 or pyrolysis oven, wherein, N number of rotating material bed inner and outer wall is fixed in described closed inner walls.
4. drying oven according to claim 1 or pyrolysis oven, wherein, each rotating material bed also have a height control plate, for control or regulate material each rotating material bed in thickness.
5. drying oven according to claim 1 or pyrolysis oven, wherein, under N number of rotating material bed bed, there is at least one gas distributor side, is uniformly distributed when fully contacting with described material to make dry gas or pyrolysis heated air.
6. drying oven according to claim 1 or pyrolysis oven, wherein, the total residence time of material in described drying oven or pyrolysis oven is 5-60 minute.
7. drying oven according to claim 1 or pyrolysis oven, wherein, material each rotating material bed in the time of staying identical.
8. drying oven according to claim 1 or pyrolysis oven, wherein, the horizontal cross-section of described striker plate is linear, arc line shaped or S shape.
9. drying oven according to claim 1 or pyrolysis oven, its drying for carbonaceous material or pyrolysis.
10. drying oven according to claim 1 or pyrolysis oven, wherein, described N number of rotating material bed bed floor space is identical.
11. drying oven according to claim 1 or pyrolysis ovens, wherein, the material particular diameter entered in described drying oven or pyrolysis oven is 6 millimeters-50 millimeters.
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| CN105273733B (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2017-08-11 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of coupling multi-stage subtracts the small particle low order pyrolytic process of coal and equipment of dirt |
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| US4834650A (en) * | 1988-06-14 | 1989-05-30 | Salem Furnace Co. | Sealed rotary hearth furnace with central bearing support |
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