CN103377766B - Electric vehicle and motor vehicle driven by mixed power high-current conductor - Google Patents
Electric vehicle and motor vehicle driven by mixed power high-current conductor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to electric vehicle and motor vehicle driven by mixed power high-current conductor, specifically, a kind of device transmitting electric current between first component and second component includes: guide at least one transmission conductor of electric current, at least one transmission conductor described to include all between described first component and described second component and the current parallel that the guides ground multiple insulating barriers between multiple stacked conductive layer and the conductive layer alternately being arranged in described conductive layer arranged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the high-current conductor in electric vehicle and motor vehicle driven by mixed power.
Background technology
Narration in this part only provides background information related to the present invention.Therefore, these narrations are not intended to constitute admission of prior art.
Electric vehicle and motor vehicle driven by mixed power generally use high voltage source such as to transmit the set of cells of direct current (DC) or fuel cell to drive vehicle motor, electric traction system and other Vehicular system.These systems generally include power inverter, are changed into 3-cross streams electricity (AC) output compatible with electric notor and electricity parts to be inputted by the DC from power source.The output of 3-phase AC generally is allocated driving vehicle motor, electric traction system and other Vehicular system via 3-phase conductor.
It is known that when AC transmission on each conductor in electronic and hybrid electric vehicle, there is Kelvin effect.Kelvin effect is the phenomenon that AC has the trend that the surface towards conductor is concentrated.The penetration depth of electric current can be referred to as skin depth.The generation of Kelvin effect increases the resistance of the AC electric current flowing through conductor undesirably.
Summary of the invention
A kind of device transmitting electric current between first component and second component includes: guide at least one transmission conductor of electric current, at least one transmission conductor described to include all between described first component and described second component and the guided current parallel ground multiple insulating barriers between multiple stacked conductive layer and each conductive layer replaced being arranged in described conductive layer arranged.
The present invention also provides for following scheme:
1, a kind of device for transmitting electric current between first component and second component, including:
Multiple insulating barriers between multiple stacked conductive layer and the conductive layer alternately being arranged in described conductive layer arranged the current parallel guiding at least one transmission conductor of electric current, at least one transmission conductor described to include all between described first component and described second component and to guide.
2, according to the device described in scheme 1, it is characterised in that at least one transmission conductor described also includes:
Guide the solid conductor of electric current, described solid conductor and the plurality of stacked conductive layer to arrange abreast between described first component and described second component, and described solid conductor is one of above and below the plurality of stacked conductive layer.
3, according to the device described in scheme 2, it is characterised in that described solid conductor guides unidirectional current, the plurality of stacked conductive layer to guide alternating current.
4, according to the device described in scheme 1, it is characterised in that described first component and described second component all include that at least one terminal, at least one transmission conductor described include:
First transmission conductor, electric current is guided to described second component by described first transmission conductor in the first direction from described first component；And
Second transmission conductor, electric current is guided to described first component by described second transmission conductor in a second direction from described second component.
5, according to the device described in scheme 4, it is characterised in that described first transmission conductor and described second transmission conductor are arranged abreast, described first transmission conductor is in one of described second transmission conductor above and below.
6, according to the device described in scheme 4, it is characterised in that also include:
Being arranged on the non-conductive layer including dielectric material between described first transmission conductor and described second transmission conductor, described non-conductive layer is by described first transmission conductor and described second transmission conductor electric isolution.
7, according to the device described in scheme 1, it is characterised in that described electric current includes the alternating current of up to 300 amperes.
8, according to the device described in scheme 1, it is characterised in that based on the thickness selecting each conductive layer with the inversely prroportional relationship of the frequency of described electric current.
9, according to the device described in scheme 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of each conductive layer is uniform.
10, according to the device described in scheme 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of each conductive layer is more than the thickness of each insulating barrier.
11, according to the device described in scheme 2, it is characterised in that the thickness of described solid conductor is more than the thickness of each conductive layer.
12, according to the device described in scheme 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of each conductive layer is sufficiently thin, thus the electric current density on the section of each conductive layer is substantially uniform.
13, according to the device described in scheme 1, it is characterised in that described first component is the one in high voltage source and load, and described second component is the another one in described high voltage source and described load.
14, according to the device described in scheme 1, it is characterized in that, described first component is the power model of power inverter assembly, and described second component is polyphase machine device, and at least one transmission conductor described guides single-phase alternating current between described power model and described polyphase machine device.
15, according to the device described in scheme 1, it is characterised in that the plurality of stacked conductive layer and the plurality of insulating barrier are flexible.
16, a kind of device for transmitting electric current between first component and second component, including:
Multiple insulating barriers between multiple stacked conductive layer and the conductive layer alternately being arranged in described conductive layer that the alternating current guiding the first transmission conductor and second transmission conductor of alternating current, described first transmission conductor and described second transmission conductor all to include all between described first component and described second component and to guide is arranged in parallel；
Being arranged on the dielectric material between described first transmission conductor and described second transmission conductor, described dielectric material is by described first transmission conductor and described second transmission conductor electric isolution；
First solid conductor, described first solid conductor guides unidirectional current between described first component and described second component and arranges abreast with described first transmission conductor, and being positioned at above described first transmission conductor in the side contrary with described dielectric material；And
Second solid conductor, described second solid conductor guides unidirectional current between described first component and described second component and arranges abreast with described second transmission conductor, and being positioned at below described second transmission conductor in the side contrary with described dielectric material.
17, a kind of method for transmitting electric current between first component and second component, including:
Alternating current is guided across transmission conductor, described transmission conductor includes the multiple insulating barriers between multiple stacked conductive layer and the conductive layer alternately being arranged in described conductive layer that alternating current that is equal and that guide is arranged abreast, wherein, the electric current density on the section of each conductive layer is substantially uniform.
18, according to the method described in scheme 17, it is characterised in that also include:
Unidirectional current is guided across solid conductor, the thickness that the thickness of described solid conductor is each more than in the plurality of stacked conductive layer, described solid conductor and the plurality of stacked conductive layer are arranged abreast, and described solid conductor is one of above and below the plurality of stacked conductive layer.
19, according to the method described in scheme 17, it is characterised in that also include:
Thickness each in the plurality of stacked conductive layer is selected based on the inversely prroportional relationship with the frequency of the big alternating current guided, the thickness that thickness each in the plurality of stacked conductive layer is each more than in the plurality of insulating barrier, and sufficiently thin, thus across the electric current density of each conductive layer be substantially uniform.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 show according to the present invention through the partial sectional view of exemplary big current conducting device including being guided by electric current in the first direction the first transmission conductor to second component from first component；
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 show according to the present invention through include in the first direction by electric current from first component guide to second component the first transmission conductor and in a second direction by electric current from the partial sectional view of exemplary big current conducting device of second component guiding to the second transmission conductor of first component；
Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram of the example vehicle according to the present invention；And
Fig. 5 shows the test data of the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION on the first mixed transport conductor according to the present invention and the second mixed transport conductor.
Detailed description of the invention
Referring now to accompanying drawing, wherein diagram is merely to illustrate the purpose of some exemplary embodiment, rather than the purpose being limited, Fig. 1 shows the partial sectional view through the exemplary big current conducting device 10 for transmitting electric current first component 20 and second component 40.Device 10 includes 1 from first component 20, electric current being guided the first transmission conductor 50 to second component 40 in the first direction.First transmission conductor 50 includes multiple stacked conductive layer 2, arranges each conductive layer 2 and in the first direction 1 current parallel guided.First transmission conductor 50 also includes between the conductive layer 2 alternately that multiple insulating barrier 4, each insulating barrier 4 are arranged in conductive layer 2.As will become apparent, the electric current density on the entire profile of each conductive layer 2 is substantially uniform, and 1 electric current guided is evenly distributed across each conductive layer 2 in the first direction.
First end 52 of the first transmission conductor 50 is electronically coupled to the first terminal 21 of first component 20.Second end 54 of the first transmission conductor 50 is electronically coupled to the first terminal 41 of second component 40.The first terminal 21 of first component 20 and the first terminal 41 of second component 40 can have identical polarity respectively.Such as, both the first terminals 21,41 can have positive polarity, or can have negative polarity both the first terminal 21,41.Therefore, electric current 1 can be directed to second component 40 from first component 20 by the first transmission conductor 50 in the first direction.Therefore, the first terminal 21 of first component 20 can correspond to the lead-out terminal of first component 20, and the first terminal 41 of second component 40 can correspond to the input terminal of second component 40.In the exemplary embodiment, first component 20 is the one in high voltage source and load, and second component 40 is the another one in high voltage source and load.In a non-limiting example, high voltage source can provide the voltage of 300 volts, and wherein, the big electric current of 300 amperes (such as, 60kW) is guided to load by the first transmission conductor 50 from high voltage source.
Fig. 2 shows the partial sectional view through the exemplary big current conducting device 12 for transmitting electric current first component 200 and second component 400.Device 12 includes the first transmission conductor 500 and the second transmission conductor 600.Electric current 100 is guided to second component 400 by the first transmission conductor 500 in the first direction from first component 200.Electric current 300 is guided to first component 200 by the second transmission conductor 600 in a second direction from second component 400.300 electric currents guided are contrary with the electric current that in the first direction 100 are guided on direction in a second direction.
Each in first transmission conductor 500 and the second transmission conductor 600 can include multiple stacked conductive layer 22 respectively, each conductive layer 22 the most in the first direction 100 and second direction 300 arrange with the current parallel guided.Each in first transmission conductor 500 and the second transmission conductor 600 can also include multiple insulating barrier 44 respectively, between the conductive layer 22 alternately that each insulating barrier 44 is arranged in conductive layer 22.As will become apparent, the electric current density on the entire profile of each conductive layer 22 is substantially uniform, and the most in the first direction 100 and the electric current guided of second direction 300 be evenly distributed across each conductive layer 22.
First end 520 of the first transmission conductor 500 is electronically coupled to the first terminal 210 of first component 200.Second end 540 of the first transmission conductor 500 is electronically coupled to the first terminal 410 of second component 400.The corresponding the first terminal 210,410 of first component 200 and second component 400 can be respectively provided with identical polarity.
First end 620 of the second transmission conductor 600 is electronically coupled to the second terminal 220 of first component 200.Second end 640 of the second transmission conductor 600 is electronically coupled to the second terminal 420 of second component 400.Corresponding second terminal 220,420 of first component 200 and second component 400 can be respectively provided with identical polarity.
In the exemplary embodiment, the second terminal 220,420 has and the opposite polarity polarity of the first terminal 210,410.Such as, when both the first terminals 210,410 have positive polarity, both the second terminals 220,410 have negative polarity.Therefore, electric current can 300 be guided to first component 200 by the second transmission conductor 600 in a second direction from second component 400.Therefore, the second terminal 420 of second component 400 can correspond to the lead-out terminal of second component 400, and the second terminal 220 of first component 200 can correspond to the input terminal of first component 20.Similarly, electric current can 100 be guided to second component 400 by the first transmission conductor 500 in the first direction from first component 200.Therefore, the first terminal 210 of first component 200 can correspond to the lead-out terminal of first component 200, and the first terminal 410 of second component 400 can correspond to the input terminal of second component 400.
In the exemplary embodiment, multiple stacked conductive layer 22 and multiple insulating barrier 44 of the first transmission conductor 500 is all electronically coupled to the first terminal 210 of first component 200 at the first end 520 and is electronically coupled to the first terminal 410 of second component 400 at the second end 540.Therefore, electric current terminates respectively at first end 520 and the second end 540 of the first transmission conductor 500.Equally, multiple stacked conductive layer 22 and multiple insulating barrier 44 of the second conductor 600 is all electronically coupled to the second terminal 220 of first component 200 at the first end 620 and is electronically coupled to the second terminal 420 of second component 400 at the second end 640.Therefore, electric current terminates respectively at first end 620 and the second end 640 of the second transmission conductor 600.It will be appreciated that, the invention is not restricted to any one each concrete scheme that is each and that be electronically coupled to respectively in first component 200 and second component 400 by the second transmission conductor 600 being electronically coupled to respectively in first component 200 and second component 400 by the first transmission conductor 500.
As will become apparent, the most in the first direction 100 and the guiding electric current of second direction 300 be evenly distributed on each conductive layer 22, thus the electric current density on the section of each conductive layer 22 is substantially uniform.Uniform current density on each conductive layer 22 eliminates works as the generation or the electric field concentration in the surface of transmission conductor 500,600 that guided electric current is alternating current the most desired former Kelvin effect.Uniform current density on each conductive layer 22 reduces the voltage gradient across transmission conductor 500,600 and temperature.Further it is provided that the thinnest multiple conductive layers provide less material, bigger flexible and less weight relative to solid copper conductor (such as, solid copper busbar).
As in figure 2 it is shown, the first transmission conductor 500 and the second transmission conductor 600 respectively with the most in the first direction 100 and second direction 300 guide current parallel arrange.In one embodiment, the first transmission conductor 500 is above the second transmission conductor 600.But, other embodiments can include that the first transmission conductor 500 is below the second transmission conductor 600.Non-conductive layer 60 is separately positioned between the first transmission conductor 500 and the second transmission conductor 600, thus respectively by the first transmission conductor 500 and the second transmission conductor 600 electric insulation.Non-conductive layer 60 can be any dielectric material.In a non-limiting example, non-conductive layer 60 is air.
Multiple conductive layers 22 may be configured to provide conduction electric current and any material of the biggest alternating current.In a non-limiting example, multiple conductive layers can be copper, silver or aluminum.Insulating barrier can include any material providing insulation.In a non-limiting example, insulant can include polyethylene, polystyrene quartz and foam plastics.
In exemplary embodiment disclosed herein, when at least one transmission conductor (such as, it is respectively the first transmission conductor 500 and the second transmission conductor 600) include all with the electric current guided (such as, be respectively first direction 100 and second direction 300) multiple insulating barrier 44 between the multiple stacked conductive layer 22 arranged abreast and the conductive layer 22 alternately being arranged in conductive layer 22 time, along at least one transmission conductor described be in or around predetermined critical velocity speed propagate ripple with its will be penetrated into the solid conductor of identical material (such as, the sheet of copper) in compare and will be penetrated in transmission conductor (or passing completely through transmission conductor) further.Compared with solid conductor, penetrated so that the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION across at least one transmission conductor described evenly by what at least one transmission conductor described provided, wherein, it is each that the electric current guided penetrates in multiple insulating barrier 44, and the electric current guided is evenly distributed across each stacked conductive layer 22.Therefore, at least one transmission conductor described provides the loss of alternating current of less guiding in the ripple propagated.Predetermined critical velocity can be determined by the dielectric constant of multiple conductive layers 22 and the thickness of multiple insulating barrier 44 and each insulating barrier 44.Therefore, the thickness of each conductive layer 22 is the thinnest so that the electric current density on the section of each conductive layer 22 is substantially uniform.Therefore, each through in multiple insulating barriers 44 of the electric current (i.e., respectively first direction 100 and second direction 300) guided, and the electric current guided is evenly distributed across each conductive layer 22.
Here embodiment relates to the first transmission conductor 500 and the second transmission conductor 600 being respectively configured to guide alternating current.But, embodiment here is equally applicable to the first transmission conductor 50 that figure 1 illustrates.Small times of the thickness specific factor δ of each conductive layer 22 (such as, 10 times, 100 times or even 1,000 times), δ herein refers to skin depth.Skin depth can be expressed as:
[1]
Wherein, δ is skin depth, represents with rice,
Being frequency, unit is that the cycle is per second,
μ is the permeability of conductive layer 2, and
σ is the electrical conductivity of conductive layer, and unit is ohm every meter.
Skin depth δ measures the electric current that guided or field penetration to the distance in solid conductor (such as, the sheet of copper).Skin depth can be defined as the distance from the surface of solid conductor towards the internal measurement of solid conductor, and wherein, electric current density is decreased to 1/e=0.367.When the mark that skin depth δ is the thickness of solid conductor, the alternating current resistance of conductor increases with the square root of frequency.So, the solid conductor of transmission alternating current can cause less desirable electric current or electric field in the concentration of the near surface of solid conductor.It will be appreciated that the thickness of each conductive layer 22 and insulating barrier 44 is respectively along respectively transverse or perpendicular to first direction 100 and the orientation measurement of second direction 200.
Therefore, along with frequency increases, the selected thickness of each conductive layer 22 becomes the least mark of skin depth.In other words, formula [1] represents, when the electric current guided is alternating current, selects the thickness of each conductive layer 22 based on the relation that the frequency with the electric current guided is inverse ratio.In one embodiment, the thickness of each conductive layer 22 is uniform.In another embodiment, the thickness of each conductive layer 22 can change.
In the exemplary embodiment, the ratio of the layer thickness of conductive layer 22 and insulating barrier 24 can be selected.In one embodiment, the thickness of each conductive layer 22 is more than the thickness of each insulating barrier 44.Being in substantially flat frequency range decaying with frequency, optimal ratio can be expressed as:
[2]
Wherein, w is the thickness of each conductive layer 22, and
T is the thickness of each insulating barrier 44.
Therefore, formula [2] represents that the thickness of each insulating barrier 44 is the half of the thickness of each conductive layer 22.Under decay starts the frequency increased, it is possible to obtain other ratio selected of w/t, selected ratio will depend upon which which type of upper limiting frequency of consideration is through transmission conductor.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to the thickness thickness more than each insulating barrier of each conductive layer 22.
In addition, the due to voltage spikes that multiple insulating barriers 44 between multiple stacked conductive layer 22 and the conductive layer 22 alternately being arranged in conductive layer 22 that the current parallel ground provided all and guide is arranged can reduce the high intrinsic induction coefficient owing to causing because of the relatively long current path between each input terminal and lead-out terminal and strengthen in single conductor (such as, copper busbar sheet).Select each conductive layer 22(and insulating barrier 44) the thinnest thickness contribute to the substantially uniform electric current density on the section of each conductive layer 22, it is achieved in across whole transmission conductor (such as, first transmission conductor 500 and/or the second transmission conductor 600) low-voltage gradient, therefore reduce due to voltage spikes.
The known conductor utilized in the high-voltage system of such as hybrid electric vehicle and electric vehicle includes single the solid conductor such as busbar and cross tie part being made up of thick, rigidity and weight copper.These thickness, rigidity and weight solid conductor can include transmitting between each assembly of high-voltage system of at least one high voltage source of such as battery or fuel cell, power inverter assembly, radiator, explosive motor, at least one electric machine and the such as accessory of climate control system, entertainment systems and electronic-controlled power steering electric current.Therefore, single solid conductor known to these could alternatively be the multiple stacked conductive layer arranged with including current parallel that is equal and that guide and at least one transmission conductor described of the multiple insulating barriers being respectively provided with between conductive layer alternately in the conductive layer, thus owing to each conductive layer and insulating barrier are the thinnest relative to single solid conductor, so provide the means of the highly flexible of conduction electric current.Therefore, compared with the cost of such as copper or the single conductor of stannum coating, it is provided that the thinnest multiple conductive layers and insulating barrier can reduce cost.As it has been described above, the thinnest multiple conductive layers and insulating barrier also eliminate the electric field common for the single solid conductor concentration near surface.
Fig. 3 shows the partial sectional view through the exemplary big current conducting device 14 for transmitting electric current first component 230 and second component 430.Device 14 includes 11 from first component 230, electric current being guided the first transmission conductor 503 to second component 430 in the first direction.First transmission conductor 503 is the first mixed transport conductor that the one from voltage source (such as, first component 230) and load guides the another one to high voltage source and load (such as, second component 430) by unidirectional current and alternating current.
Similar with the transmission conductor 50 illustrated in fig. 1 and 2,500 and 600, multiple insulating barriers 46 between multiple stacked conductive layer 32 and the conductive layer 32 alternately being arranged in conductive layer 32 that the first mixed transport conductor (such as, the first transmission conductor 503) that figure 3 illustrates is arranged with including current parallel that is equal and that guide.Multiple stacked conductive layers 32 may be constructed such that and 11 guided to second component 430 from first component 230 by alternating current in the first direction.
First mixed transport conductor (that is, the first transmission conductor 503) also includes 11 from first component 230, electric current being guided the solid conductor 70 to second component 430 in the first direction.Solid conductor 70 and multiple stacked conductive layer 32 are arranged abreast with first direction 11.Specifically, solid conductor 70 is adjacent to multiple stacked conductive layers 32 and one of above and below multiple stacked conductive layers.Solid conductor 70 may be constructed such that and 11 guided to second component 430 from first component 230 by unidirectional current in the first direction.The thickness of solid conductor 70 is more than the thickness of each conductive layer 32.It will be appreciated that, because solid conductor is guiding unidirectional current, so there is not skin effect phenomenon along solid conductor 70.Therefore, the electric current of guiding is evenly distributed across solid conductor, and therefore, the electric current density across solid conductor is substantially uniform.
In a further exemplary embodiment, including the first mixed transport conductor (i.e., first transmission conductor 503) device 14 go for the embodiment substantially similar with respectively the first transmission conductor 500 shown in figure 2 and the second transmission conductor 600, wherein, exist in the first direction by electric current from first component 230 guide to second component 430 the first mixed transport conductor (i.e., first transmission conductor 503) and 13 the second mixed transport conductor (that is, the second transmission conductor 505) that electric current is guided to first component 230 from second component 430 in a second direction.It will be appreciated that the second mixed transport conductor 505 to include in a second direction 13 and guide galvanic solid conductor 70 and for the in a second direction 13 multiple stacked conductive layers 32 guiding alternating current.So, the solid conductor 70 of the second mixed transport conductor 505 is adjacent to multiple stacked conductive layers 32 and in one of multiple stacked conductive layer 32 above and below.In the exemplary embodiment, the solid conductor 70 of the first mixed conductor 503 and the second mixed conductor 505 respectively in the side contrary with non-conductive layer 61 adjacent to they corresponding multiple stacked conductive layers 32.Non-conductive layer 61 electrically insulates the first mixed transport conductor 503 and the second mixed transport conductor 505 respectively, it is possible to include any dielectric material.In a non-limiting example, non-conductive layer 61 includes that air is as dielectric material.
Fig. 4 shows the vehicle 5 in the exemplary embodiment of the present invention.Vehicle 5 includes chassis 512,514, four wheels 516 of main body and electric control system (ECU) 518.Main body 514 is arranged on chassis 512, and other assembly of substantially closed vehicle 5.Main body 514 and chassis 512 can be collectively form vehicle frame.Wheel 516 is all attached to chassis 512 in the respective corners of main body 514 with rotating about.
Example vehicle 5 can be incorporated to many different types of electromotors or actuator such as gasoline or the combustion engine of diesel oil feed, utilize any one in the flexible fuel vehicles of the mixture of gasoline and ethanol, the electromotor such as hydrogen and/or natural gas of gaseous compound feed or fuel cell or combination.Vehicle can be hybrid electric vehicle, and it is incorporated to any one in above electromotor or actuator or combination and operation to provide motion torque during the regeneration period and to produce at least one electric machine of electric energy.Vehicle 5 can also is that the electric vehicle being incorporated to one or more electric machine.
In the exemplary embodiment that figure 4 illustrates, vehicle 5 is motor vehicle driven by mixed power, and it also includes dynamical system 520, at least one apparatus for storing electrical energy (ESD) 522, battery charge state (SOC) system 524, power inverter assembly 526, state-of-charge (SOC) module 535, radiator 528 and is provided with at least one accessory of such as atmosphere control system of power by least one apparatus for storing electrical energy 522.Dynamical system 520 suitably includes explosive motor 531 and at least one electric machine 532.ESD 522 can include the battery being electrically connected to power inverter assembly 526, and is lithium ion (Li-ion) high-voltage battery including any amount of set of cells, battery module and battery cell in one embodiment, as normally used.In another embodiment, at least one ESD described can include low-voltage battery.Exemplary transmission conductor 50,500,503,505,600 can be used for guiding big electric current between each assembly of dynamical system as required.Specifically, big electric current is guided to load by least one transmission conductor in the first direction from voltage source.More particularly, at least one transmission conductor described is across all and the multiple stacked conductive layer arranged abreast of the big alternating current that guides and the multiple insulating barriers being respectively provided with between conductive layer alternately in the conductive layer guide big alternating current, wherein, the electric current density on the section of each conductive layer is substantially uniform.At least one transmission conductor described be mixed transport conductor embodiment in, big unidirectional current can the solid conductor of the additionally thickness of each conductive layer in thickness is more than multiple stacked conductive layers guide, solid conductor and multiple stacked layer are arranged abreast, and solid conductor is one of above and below multiple stacked conductive layers.
It will be appreciated that, figures 1 and 2 show that the device 10,12,14 for transmitting big electric current between first component 20,200,230 and second component 40,400,430.For simplicity, herein with reference to disclosed device 12 in fig. 2.As it has been described above, exemplary embodiment can include first component 200 and second component 400, first component 200 includes the one in high voltage source and load, and second component 400 includes the another one in high voltage source and load.In a non-limiting example, high voltage source can provide the voltage of 300 volts, and wherein, the high alternating current of 300 amperes (such as, 60kW) is guided to load by least one transmission conductor 500 or 600 described from high voltage source.
In one exemplary embodiment, first component 200 is the power model of power inverter assembly, and second component 400 is polyphase machine device.In a non-limiting example, polyphase machine device can include multi-phase permanent body electric machine, induction machine or winding type rotor synchronous motor.Power model will be changed into single-phase alternating current from the unidirectional current that high voltage source (such as, set of cells) receives.First transmission conductor 500 guides the single-phase alternating current received from power model, to drive polyphase machine device.It will be appreciated that, power inverter assembly can include multiple power model, the unidirectional current received from high voltage source can be changed into single-phase alternating current by each power model, and wherein, each single-phase alternating current is directed to polyphase machine device via corresponding transmission conductor 500.Therefore, single-phase alternating current is guided to heterogeneous electric machine (that is, second component 400) by the first transmission conductor in the first direction from power model (that is, first component 200).In the exemplary embodiment, transmission conductor 500 is stator winding.
Additionally, polyphase machine device may be operative to electromotor, wherein, the single-phase alternating current received from polyphase machine device is changed into unidirectional current by rectification by power model, thus is high voltage source (such as, set of cells or fuel cell) charging.Such as, polyphase machine device can operate during the regenerative braking period in motor vehicle driven by mixed power or electric vehicle as electromotor.With reference to Fig. 2, the single-phase alternating current received from polyphase machine device is directed via the second transmission conductor 600.The non-conductive layer 60 including dielectric material being separately positioned between the first transmission conductor 500 and the second transmission conductor 600 electrically insulates the first transmission conductor 500 and the second transmission conductor 600 respectively.In the exemplary embodiment, the second transmission conductor 600 is stator winding.
Exemplary embodiment can include from by the first component selected the following group formed and second component: at least one apparatus for storing electrical energy, set of cells, battery module, battery cell, charging socket and accessory.
In a further exemplary embodiment, first component 200 is apparatus for storing electrical energy, and second component 400 is accessory.Apparatus for storing electrical energy can include battery and fuel cell.In one embodiment, apparatus for storing electrical energy is nominally high-voltage battery in the range of 300V, and includes several electricity modules.In one embodiment, each battery module of high-voltage battery includes several single battery cells.In another embodiment, apparatus for storing electrical energy can include nominally low-voltage battery in the range of 12V and 14V.Accessory can include but not limited to the atmosphere control system of vehicle, the electric actuator utilized in power windows and door lock and entertainment systems.In the exemplary embodiment, apparatus for storing electrical energy supplies energy to include the accessory of the operation of atmosphere control system.Accessory can be supplied with the energy of multiple phase place.Supply energy from apparatus for storing electrical energy to accessory is directed as electric current via at least one transmission conductor 500 described.
In a further exemplary embodiment, first component 200 is the first apparatus for storing electrical energy, and second component 400 is the second apparatus for storing electrical energy.In one embodiment, the first apparatus for storing electrical energy and the second apparatus for storing electrical energy may each comprise high-voltage battery group.In a non-limiting example, the first transmission conductor 500 will guide to the second high-voltage battery group from the electric current of the first high-voltage battery group supply in the first direction.Equally, the second transmission conductor 600 will guide to the first high-voltage battery group from the electric current of the second high-voltage battery group supply in a second direction.In another embodiment, the first apparatus for storing electrical energy can include low-voltage battery (such as, 12V or 14V), and the second apparatus for storing electrical energy can include high-voltage battery (such as, 300V).In a non-limiting example, voltage transformation can be provided between low-voltage battery and high-voltage battery by the first transmission conductor 500 and the second transmission conductor 600 respectively.
In the further example embodiment of the present invention, first component 200 is the first component of apparatus for storing electrical energy, and second component 400 is the second component of apparatus for storing electrical energy.In one embodiment, the first component of apparatus for storing electrical energy is charging socket, and the second component of apparatus for storing electrical energy is battery module, and wherein, external power source can be attached to for the charging socket for charging battery module.In a non-limiting example, at least one transmission conductor 500 or 600 described guides the electric current received from the charging socket for charging battery module.Battery module can be in the multiple battery modules in set of cells.In another non-limiting example, the first component of apparatus for storing electrical energy is the first battery module, and the second component of apparatus for storing electrical energy is the second battery module.At least one transmission conductor 500 and/or 600 guides energy between the first battery module and the second battery module.In another non-limiting example, the first component of apparatus for storing electrical energy is the first battery cell, and the second component of apparatus for storing electrical energy is the second battery cell.At least one transmission conductor 500,503,505 and/or 600 guides energy between the first battery cell and the second battery cell.
It will be appreciated that, the device of Fig. 1-3 is not limited to above example, it is possible to including any bus in hybrid electric vehicle or electric vehicle, busbar, cross tie part or other conductor, wherein, big electric current is transferred to load from voltage source.
Fig. 5 respectively illustrates across the first mixed transport conductor 1010 and the test data of the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION of the second mixed transport conductor 1020, and the first mixed transport conductor 1010 and the second mixed transport conductor 1020 all include solid conductor 700, all and the current parallel that the guides ground multiple insulating barriers 770 between multiple stacked conductive layer 750 and the conductive layer 750 alternately being arranged in conductive layer 750 arranged.The electric current of 300 amperes is guided to the first load 810 by the first mixed transport conductor 1010 from the first voltage source 800.The electric current of 300 amperes is used for the second load 830 from the second high voltage source 820 guiding by the second mixed transport conductor 1020.The electric current guided transmits along the first mixed transport conductor 1010 and the second mixed transport conductor 1020 respectively.First mixed transport conductor 1010 and the second mixed transport conductor 1020 are electrically insulated by non-conductive layer 790 including air respectively.Multiple insulating barriers 770 between multiple stacked conductive layers 750 and the conductive layer 750 alternately being arranged in conductive layer 750 guide the alternating current of 1 kilo hertz.Each solid conductor 700 in the side contrary with non-conductive layer 790 adjacent to multiple stacked conductive layers 750 and multiple insulating barrier 770.Solid conductor 700 guides unidirectional current.In first mixed transport conductor 1010 and the second mixed transport conductor 1020, each length is respectively 5mm.In first mixed transport conductor 1010 and the second mixed transport conductor 1020, each thickness is 5mm.
The exemplary test data that figure 5 illustrates shows CURRENT DISTRIBUTION each along the first mixed transport conductor 1010 and the second mixed transport conductor 1020 respectively.Shade the most secretly represents that electric current density is the biggest.Along with electric current each from the first high voltage source 800 and the second high voltage source 820 respectively is transferred to the respective load in the first load 810 and the second load 830, the electric current across multiple stacked conductive layers 750 and the guiding of multiple insulating barrier 770 becomes to be evenly distributed.Therefore, electric current density from left to right becomes substantially uniform across multiple stacked conductive layers 750 and multiple insulating barrier 770, thus eliminates any Kelvin effect from alternating current.It will be appreciated that, if the length of the first mixed transport conductor 1010 and the second mixed transport conductor 1020 is the longest, then electric current density is by of substantially standardization.Because solid conductor 700 transmits unidirectional current, so there is not Kelvin effect, therefore, electric current density and CURRENT DISTRIBUTION are the most uniform.
The present invention has been described with some preferred embodiment and amendment thereof.After reading and understanding this specification, other embodiments can be carried out further modification and change.Therefore, it is contemplated that be not limited to as the specific embodiment being contemplated for carrying out disclosed in the best mode of the present invention, but the present invention will include all embodiments fallen within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (18)
1. for transmitting a device for electric current between first component and second component, including:
At least one transmission conductor of electric current is guided between described first component and described second component, at least one transmission conductor described includes in the first direction from the first transmission conductor of described first component guiding to described second component and from described second component, electric current being guided the second transmission conductor to described first component by electric current in a second direction, the multiple insulating barriers between multiple stacked conductive layer and the conductive layer alternately being arranged in described conductive layer arranged in described first transmission conductor and the second transmission conductor each current parallel including all and guiding.
Device for transmitting electric current between first component and second component the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that at least one transmission conductor described also includes:
Guide the solid conductor of electric current, described solid conductor and the plurality of stacked conductive layer to arrange abreast between described first component and described second component, and described solid conductor is one of above and below the plurality of stacked conductive layer.
Device for transmitting electric current between first component and second component the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described solid conductor guides unidirectional current, the plurality of stacked conductive layer to guide alternating current.
Device for transmitting electric current between first component and second component the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first transmission conductor and described second transmission conductor are arranged abreast, and described first transmission conductor is in one of described second transmission conductor above and below.
Device for transmitting electric current between first component and second component the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include:
Being arranged on the non-conductive layer including dielectric material between described first transmission conductor and described second transmission conductor, described non-conductive layer is by described first transmission conductor and described second transmission conductor electric isolution.
Device for transmitting electric current between first component and second component the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described electric current includes the alternating current of up to 300 amperes.
Device for transmitting electric current between first component and second component the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that based on the thickness selecting each conductive layer with the inversely prroportional relationship of the frequency of described electric current.
Device for transmitting electric current between first component and second component the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of each conductive layer is uniform.
Device for transmitting electric current between first component and second component the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of each conductive layer is more than the thickness of each insulating barrier.
Device for transmitting electric current between first component and second component the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the thickness of described solid conductor is more than the thickness of each conductive layer.
11. devices for transmitting electric current between first component and second component according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of each conductive layer is sufficiently thin, thus the electric current density on the section of each conductive layer is substantially uniform.
12. devices for transmitting electric current between first component and second component according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described first component is the one in high voltage source and load, and described second component is the another one in described high voltage source and described load.
13. devices for transmitting electric current between first component and second component according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first component is the power model of power inverter assembly, described second component is polyphase machine device, and at least one transmission conductor described guides single-phase alternating current between described power model and described polyphase machine device.
14. devices for transmitting electric current between first component and second component according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the plurality of stacked conductive layer and the plurality of insulating barrier are flexible.
15. 1 kinds of devices being used for transmitting electric current between first component and second component, including:
Multiple insulating barriers between multiple stacked conductive layer and the conductive layer alternately being arranged in described conductive layer that the alternating current guiding the first transmission conductor and second transmission conductor of alternating current, described first transmission conductor and described second transmission conductor all to include all between described first component and described second component and to guide is arranged in parallel；
Being arranged on the dielectric material between described first transmission conductor and described second transmission conductor, described dielectric material is by described first transmission conductor and described second transmission conductor electric isolution；
First solid conductor, described first solid conductor guides unidirectional current between described first component and described second component and arranges abreast with described first transmission conductor, and being positioned at above described first transmission conductor in the side contrary with described dielectric material；And
Second solid conductor, described second solid conductor guides unidirectional current between described first component and described second component and arranges abreast with described second transmission conductor, and being positioned at below described second transmission conductor in the side contrary with described dielectric material.
16. 1 kinds are used for the method transmitting electric current between first component and second component, including:
Alternating current is guided across the first transmission conductor and the second transmission conductor, multiple insulating barriers between multiple stacked conductive layer and the conductive layer alternately being arranged in described conductive layer that described first transmission conductor and each alternating current including all and guiding of the second transmission conductor are arranged abreast, wherein, electric current density on the section of each conductive layer is substantially uniform
Electric current is guided to described second component by described first transmission conductor in the first direction from described first component；With
Electric current is guided to described first component by described second transmission conductor in a second direction from described second component.
17. methods for transmitting electric current between first component and second component according to claim 16, it is characterised in that also include:
Unidirectional current is guided across solid conductor, the thickness that the thickness of described solid conductor is each more than in the plurality of stacked conductive layer, described solid conductor and the plurality of stacked conductive layer are arranged abreast, and described solid conductor is one of above and below the plurality of stacked conductive layer.
18. methods for transmitting electric current between first component and second component according to claim 16, it is characterised in that also include:
Thickness each in the plurality of stacked conductive layer is selected based on the inversely prroportional relationship with the frequency of the alternating current guided, the thickness that thickness each in the plurality of stacked conductive layer is each more than in the plurality of insulating barrier, and sufficiently thin, thus across the electric current density of each conductive layer be substantially uniform.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/450,645 US9731603B2 (en) | 2012-04-19 | 2012-04-19 | Electric and hybrid vehicle high current conductor |
| US13/450645 | 2012-04-19 | ||
| US13/450,645 | 2012-04-19 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103377766A CN103377766A (en) | 2013-10-30 |
| CN103377766B true CN103377766B (en) | 2016-11-30 |
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