CN103376163A - Hot spot and fire point detection method used for forest fire prevention based on thermal imaging - Google Patents
Hot spot and fire point detection method used for forest fire prevention based on thermal imaging Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hot spot and fire point detection method used for forest fire prevention based on thermal imaging, and relates to a forest fire detection method. An equipment system is formed by a thermal imager, a pan-tilt and an embedded computer, wherein the thermal imager and the embedded computer are installed in the same protective cover to be placed on the pan-tilt; the embedded computer receives thermal imaging data from the thermal imager through a digital interface, and a thermal imager stimulation image output port outputs through the pan-tilt. The working process of equipment comprises the steps that image formation of the thermal imager is a thermal image of a target imaging object, the imaging describes temperature values instead of colors, and an image formed in a natural scene describes the temperature of the scene; if the temperature of a point A is higher than that of a point B in imaging data by 80 degrees, temperature anomaly of the point A can be determined, hot spots seem to be fire points are formed, and a fire alarm is reported through the computer. The hot spot and fire point detection method resolves the problem that a forest fire detection method in the prior art is low in detection accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the forest fire detection method.
Background technology
Forest fire is the most important disaster of the valuable forest resourceies of harm; Forest fire alarm fire is surveyed in early warning, is in time to find it is the important means of forest fire protection.
The detection method of existing forest fire has: forest fire ground infrared detection technique; Based on MODIS forest fire monitoring method of inter-class variance etc.There is the low shortcoming of detection accuracy in existing these forest fire detection methods.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides focus and fire point detection method that a kind of thermal imaging is used for forest fire protection, the invention solves prior art forest fire detection method and have the low problem of detection accuracy.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: thermal imaging is used for the focus and fire point detection method of forest fire protection, introduce the distance parameter of implementing, the temperature identification error that the distance parameter correction detection range that Geographic Information System (GIS) range finding gets brings; Specifically comprise:
(1) equipment forms: system is comprised of thermal imaging system 1, The Cloud Terrace 2, embedded computer system 3; Thermal imaging system and embedded computer system are installed in a protective cover and are built on the The Cloud Terrace; Embedded computer is through the thermal-image data of digital interface reception from thermal imaging system, and thermal imaging system analog image output port is exported through The Cloud Terrace; Geographic Information System (GIS) Geographic Information System (GIS) data is arranged for ground radius 20km area coverage at the end is installed in the embedded computer, the level line precision is interval＜20m; Thermal imaging system digital imagery＞25Hz;
The equipment course of work: the thermal imaging system imaging is the heat picture of purpose imaging thing, and what imaging was described is not that color is temperature value, and the image that forms in the nature scene is the temperature description of scene; The A point can be concluded A point temperature anomaly than high 80 degree of B point in the imaging data, has the focus of doubtful thermoelectricity to emerge, and accuses fire alarm by computing machine;
(2) thermal imaging system is connected with computing machine, the data that the imaging resolution M5N that supposes thermal imaging system obtains a two field picture by specific communication program are to have the capable matrix A (1) of M row N can obtain image greater than 25 frames p.s., the matrix number that in like manner obtains is A (1), A (2), A (3) greater than 25 sequences also ... A(n), n is the frame frequency of thermal imaging system;
(3) Geographic Information System (GIS) is also simultaneously every two field picture M5N matrix A (1) of thermal imaging system imaging, A (2), A (2) ... A(n) the distance of corresponding each matrix imaging element be converted on the spot according to the optical ranging principle that respective distances obtains matrix B (1), B (2), B (3) ... B(n);
(4) draw target temperature W
ObjTemperature W with the perception of thermal imaging system imaging surface
SideThe pass be W
Side=k*W
ObjK is that infrared spatial is transmitted attenuation coefficient, and distance L, in real time humidity S, carbon dioxide (CO
2) concentration is relevant, calculate according to the correlation formula that LOWTRAN provides.
It is identical with gas concentration lwevel to draw real-time humidity at synchronization, only have different range attenuation coefficients different, according to matrix B (1), B (2), B (3) ... B(n) range data can draw matrix C (1), C (2), the C (3) that attenuation coefficient forms ... C(n).
(5) in conjunction with 2), 3), 4) matrix A (1), A (2), A (3) ... A(n) with C (1), C (2), C (3) ... C(n) multiply each other and obtain matrix W (1), W (2), the W (3) that target temperature forms ... W(n).
(6) each temperature matrix is found out maximum with minimum value, as long as the maximum and minimum situation that differs alarm conditions 80 degree occurs, and alarm prompt, otherwise loop above step.
The present invention is based on forest fire alarm fire when occuring necessarily with this fact of temperature change, thereby solve long distance measurement temperature solution based on the detection difficult problem of temperature sensing forest fire alarm fire.Thermographic utilizes ultrared characteristics exactly, and objects all except absolute black body all give off thermal energy at infrared spectral range.Infrared ray has identical circulation way with visible light.Radiation (energy) and temperature are proportional correspondences.Thermal energy passes through light velocity propagation.
The core of invention is: the distance parameter of introduce implementing, the temperature identification error that the distance parameter correction detection range that Geographic Information System (GIS) range finding gets brings has improved the accuracy of long-range detection temperature.
The present invention uses multinomial technical combinations to solve the following problem of remote temperature measurement:
1), the relation of remote atmosphere transmission decay and scene;
2), utilize the optical principle range finding;
3), utilize Geographic Information System to measure pixel and point of fixity distance in the scene.
Technique effect of the present invention is: combine with Geographic Information System by optical ranging and realized the accurate temperature measurement of thermal imaging system, be that low-cost (comparing with laser ranging) remote practical thermometric becomes possibility, provide a kind of new method for thermal imaging realizes the medium and long distance thermometric.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is hardware connection layout of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is thermal imaging system infrared imaging system synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 is thermal imaging system space transmission attenuation synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 is different object distance focal plane imaging synoptic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the visual light imaging image;
Fig. 6 is graphic images;
Fig. 7 is the range measurement principle synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
The below is described in detail the present invention with best embodiment
Shown in Fig. 1-7, the present invention is by electromechanical integration technology, and the optical ranging principle combines with Geographic Information System and proofreaies and correct the error that the thermal imaging system focal plane imaging has distance to produce, and realizes that thermal imaging system is to the detection of forest live wire and fire alarm.Investigative range 1-20KM.
As shown in Figure 1, (one) equipment forms: system is comprised of thermal imaging system 1, The Cloud Terrace 2, embedded computer system 3.Thermal imaging system and embedded computer system are installed in a protective cover and are built on the The Cloud Terrace; Embedded computer is through the thermal-image data of digital interface reception from thermal imaging system, and thermal imaging system analog image output port is exported through The Cloud Terrace; Geographic Information System (GIS) Geographic Information System (GIS) data is arranged for ground radius 20km area coverage at the end is installed in the embedded computer, the level line precision is interval＜20m; Thermal imaging system digital imagery＞25Hz;
As shown in Figure 2, the course of work: the thermal imaging system imaging is the heat picture of purpose imaging thing, and what imaging was described is not that color is temperature value, and the image that forms in the nature scene is the temperature description of scene; The A point can be concluded A point temperature anomaly than high 80 degree of B point in the imaging data, has the focus of doubtful thermoelectricity to emerge, and accuses fire alarm by computing machine.
(2) thermal imaging system is connected with computing machine, the data that the imaging resolution M5N that supposes thermal imaging system obtains a two field picture by specific communication program are to have the capable matrix A (1) of M row N can obtain image greater than 25 frames p.s., the matrix number that in like manner obtains is A (1), A (2), A (3) greater than 25 sequences also ... A(n), n is the frame frequency of thermal imaging system;
(3) Geographic Information System (GIS) is also simultaneously every two field picture M5N matrix A (1) of thermal imaging system imaging, A (2), A (2) ... A(n) the distance of corresponding each matrix imaging element be converted on the spot according to the optical ranging principle that respective distances obtains matrix B (1), B (2), B (3) ... B(n);
(4) shown in Fig. 3-6, draw target temperature W among the figure
ObjTemperature W with the perception of thermal imaging system imaging surface
SideThe pass be W
Side=k*W
ObjK is that infrared spatial is transmitted attenuation coefficient, and distance L, in real time humidity S, carbon dioxide (CO
2) concentration is relevant, calculate according to the correlation formula that LOWTRAN provides.
It is identical with gas concentration lwevel to draw real-time humidity at synchronization, only have different range attenuation coefficients different, according to matrix B (1), B (2), B (3) ... B(n) range data can draw matrix C (1), C (2), the C (3) that attenuation coefficient forms ... C(n).
(5) in conjunction with 2), 3), 4) matrix A (1), A (2), A (3) ... A(n) with C (1), C (2), C (3) ... C(n) multiply each other and obtain matrix W (1), W (2), the W (3) that target temperature forms ... W(n).
(6) each temperature matrix is found out maximum with minimum value, as long as the maximum and minimum situation that differs alarm conditions 80 degree occurs, and alarm prompt, otherwise loop above step.
As shown in Figure 7, h: setting height(from bottom); α: position angle (with the direct north drift angle) has digital tripod head to obtain; β: the angle of pitch (optical axis horizontal plane angle) digital tripod head obtains; φ: mounting points geographic coordinate longitude; λ: H: mounting points geographic coordinate elevation.
The present invention places thermal imaging system 1 and embedded computer 3 in the same protective cover, and protective cover requires to be the IP66 level of protection; Obtain the thermal imaging system real time imagery and practise physiognomy metadata by the digital interface software that was connected between thermal imaging system 1 and the embedded computer 3; Protective cover places on the The Cloud Terrace 2; Embedded computer and The Cloud Terrace interconnect by RS422, transmit in real time position angle (on the horizontal direction) angle and the angle of pitch (on the vertical direction) angle; More than common form a device.The field that this device is installed in the forest zone is used on the sightseeing tower of observation forest fire fire alarm, and device peace dress is at the sightseeing tower highest point, without the vision dead angle.The Cloud Terrace provides electric power to thermal imaging system and embedded computer.This device will pre-other network connections by The Cloud Terrace peace, and positional information and realtime graphic are delivered to network and can reach place (administrative authority prevents fires) practical function purpose during with image and alarm prompt by network.
It should be noted that at last: obviously, above-described embodiment only is for example of the present invention clearly is described, and is not the restriction to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here need not also can't give all embodiments exhaustive.And the apparent variation of being amplified out thus or change still are among protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. thermal imaging is used for the focus and fire point detection method of forest fire protection, it is characterized in that, introduces the distance parameter of implementing, the temperature identification error that the distance parameter correction detection range that Geographic Information System (GIS) range finding gets brings; Specifically comprise:
(1) equipment forms: system is comprised of thermal imaging system (1), The Cloud Terrace (2), embedded computer system (3); Thermal imaging system and embedded computer system are installed in a protective cover and are built on the The Cloud Terrace; Embedded computer is through the thermal-image data of digital interface reception from thermal imaging system, and thermal imaging system analog image output port is exported through The Cloud Terrace; Geographic Information System (GIS) Geographic Information System (GIS) data is arranged for ground radius 20km area coverage at the end is installed in the embedded computer, the level line precision is interval＜20m; Thermal imaging system digital imagery＞25Hz;
The equipment course of work: the thermal imaging system imaging is the heat picture of purpose imaging thing, and what imaging was described is not that color is temperature value, and the image that forms in the nature scene is the temperature description of scene; The A point can be concluded A point temperature anomaly than high 80 degree of B point in the imaging data, has the focus of doubtful thermoelectricity to emerge, and accuses fire alarm by computing machine;
(2) thermal imaging system is connected with computing machine, the data that the imaging resolution M5N that supposes thermal imaging system obtains a two field picture by specific communication program are to have the capable matrix A (1) of M row N can obtain image greater than 25 frames p.s., the matrix number that in like manner obtains is A (1), A (2), A (3) greater than 25 sequences also ... A(n), n is the frame frequency of thermal imaging system;
(3) Geographic Information System (GIS) is also simultaneously every two field picture M5N matrix A (1) of thermal imaging system imaging, A (2), A (2) ... A(n) the distance of corresponding each matrix imaging element be converted on the spot according to the optical ranging principle that respective distances obtains matrix B (1), B (2), B (3) ... B(n);
(4) draw target temperature W
ObjTemperature W with the perception of thermal imaging system imaging surface
SideThe pass be W
Side=k*W
ObjK is that infrared spatial is transmitted attenuation coefficient, and distance L, in real time humidity S, carbon dioxide (CO
2) concentration is relevant, calculate according to the correlation formula that LOWTRAN provides;
It is identical with gas concentration lwevel to draw real-time humidity at synchronization, only have different range attenuation coefficients different, according to matrix B (1), B (2), B (3) ... B(n) range data can draw matrix C (1), C (2), the C (3) that attenuation coefficient forms ... C(n);
(5) in conjunction with 2), 3), 4) matrix A (1), A (2), A (3) ... A(n) with C (1), C (2), C (3) ... C(n) multiply each other and obtain matrix W (1), W (2), the W (3) that target temperature forms ... W(n);
(6) each temperature matrix is found out maximum with minimum value, as long as the maximum and minimum situation that differs alarm conditions 80 degree occurs, and alarm prompt, otherwise loop above step.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105676884A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-15 | 武汉天木林科技有限公司 | Infrared thermal imaging searching/ tracking/ aiming device and method |
| CN107808412A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of three-dimensional thermal source environmental model based on low cost determines environmental information method |
| CN108664926A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-10-16 | 中南林业科技大学 | The recognition methods of the false hot spot of forest fire satellite monitoring cloud layer reflection |
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| EP0682330A1 (en) * | 1994-05-09 | 1995-11-15 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Detecting apparatus and measuring method of warm object |
| CN101673448A (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2010-03-17 | 青岛科恩锐通信息技术有限公司 | Method and system for detecting forest fire |
| CN101854846A (en) * | 2007-06-25 | 2010-10-06 | 真实成像有限公司 | Method, device and system for thermography |
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2012
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0682330A1 (en) * | 1994-05-09 | 1995-11-15 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Detecting apparatus and measuring method of warm object |
| CN101854846A (en) * | 2007-06-25 | 2010-10-06 | 真实成像有限公司 | Method, device and system for thermography |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105676884A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-15 | 武汉天木林科技有限公司 | Infrared thermal imaging searching/ tracking/ aiming device and method |
| CN105676884B (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2018-09-25 | 武汉天木林科技有限公司 | A kind of device and method that infrared thermal imaging search and track aims at |
| CN107808412A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of three-dimensional thermal source environmental model based on low cost determines environmental information method |
| CN108664926A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-10-16 | 中南林业科技大学 | The recognition methods of the false hot spot of forest fire satellite monitoring cloud layer reflection |
| CN108664926B (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2021-07-30 | 中南林业科技大学 | Method for identifying cloud layer reflection false hot spot on forest fire satellite monitoring |
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