Aerial cableway self-retention cycloidal reducer
[technical field]
The present invention relates to aerial cableway deceleration device technical field, a kind of aerial cableway self-retention cycloidal reducer.
[background technology]
Aerial cableway is widely used in Mine haul and perilous peak tourist attraction, and deceleration device is particularly important parts in aerial cableway, and high reliability deceleration device can protect the safety of thousands of people's life and property. Background technology has three kinds:
(1) STJ type frame sky cable reducer (rolling up 4.16-235 page see becoming big first " mechanical design handbook "): STJ type speed reducer is combined by arc Bevel Gear Transmission and cylindrical planetary gear reductor, it is three grades of vertical type transmissions, STJ type is primarily adapted for use in aerial cableway, can also be used for the vertical type transmission of other plant equipment, particularly relatively high power. Shortcoming is: structure is complicated, maintenance inconvenience, bevel gear pair is unstable with planetary reduction gear parts valency high (being 2-2.5 times of cycloid) and reliability, because involute tooth root is stress raiser, when carburizing and quenching is with grinding, very easily occur that microcrack causes break of gear tooth;
(2) double; two enter formula aerial cableway planetary reducer (ZL200520111177.5): bi-motor input, arc bevel gear-three grades of cylinder planet vertical type transmission, shortcoming is: inventor thinks that decelerator will not quit work when wherein a motor breaks down, this can only when load be less than specified 50%, decelerator ability normal rotation, otherwise, single motor cannot drive decelerator at all.It can be concluded that bi-motor input is not creative, do not have practical value. Other shortcoming is identical with STJ;
(3) HZL planetary-gear speed reducer (JB/T8712-1998, JB/T7344-1994): be the improvement of existing involute less tooth difference: ring gear exports; The pin of pin type output mechanism changes double-eccentric shaft into, equipped with four self-aligning roller bearings on axle, this is called rolling star-wheel by inventor, four bearings are supported on respectively in two-side supporting dish and two panels planetary gear pin-and-hole, owing to planetary gear is very wide, therefore in each pin-and-hole, add one and be called auxiliary bearing. Shortcoming is: structure is complicated, it is extremely inconvenient to keep in repair, and star reduction part device price to exceed 20-30% than planetary reduction gear. The aerial cableway HZL planetary-gear speed reducer of certain company can be found on the net: rated power 80kW, input speed 1500rpm, allowable torque: 80000N.m, work as present value: 200000 yuan/platform.
[summary of the invention]
The vertical single-stage cycloid that the object of the invention offer simple in construction, inspection, repairing are conveniently, price is low, efficiency is identical and reliable replaces background technology, a kind of aerial cableway self-retention cycloidal reducer.
Think according to cableway association paper of China " analyzing failure cause seeks governance way ": the main problem of vertical cableway decelerator is leakage of oil; Inner Mongol Xinghua enginerring works, Mutianyu, Beijing ... " exploration of import passenger aerial ropeway reductor Home-produced Reconstruction " point out: the subject matter of cable reducer be heating, leakage of oil; China's cableway 2002.9 " lubrication of cable way driving machine tool reductor of having a talk " proposes: can cable reducer safe operation be depended on finding the change of oil product and oil mass in reductor in time.
(A) replacing three grades of theoretical foundations slowed down with single-stage cycloidal deceleration is that the two mechanical efficiency is identical: " gear handbook " (on) 8-3 page: cycloid η=0.93~0.95; Zhu Xiaolu " Gear Transmission Design handbook " 6 pages, " gear handbook " upper 1-12 page: cycloid efficiency eta=0.9~0.98 ≈ 0.94. Due to inside and outside tooth be pure rolling mesh and lubricating status good, the cycloidal-pin wheel of ratio, bearing capacity about improves 50% (Shen Peiji " cycloidal equidistance curve gear driving pair and device thereof " 15 pages), but considers the machining accuracy of ring gear, and it is more reasonable to calculate by raising 1/3rd.
Technical scheme: couple a dome for covering bearing on the anchor ring of (1) vertical support central flange, it is prevented that lubricating oil enters bearing and spills from oil sealing; (2) capacity eccentric bearing outer collar rib makes Cycloidal Wheel can position in the vertical direction, it is to avoid rub between Cycloidal Wheel and spacer ring, causes that oil temperature raises; (3) equipped with dipstick on vertical support, it is simple to quickly check oil product, oil mass; (4) abat-vent of hypocycloid gear ring top dress exceeds 50~60mm, abat-vent main exhaustLeakage of oil is avoided to ensure reductor inner chamber oil pressure equal with environment;
(B) single-stage cycloidal retarding braking technical scheme: two groups of steel ball V-groove devices in brake component are that steel ball V-groove automatic pressurizing device improves (seeing Ruan Zhongtang " mechanical stepless transmission " 90 pages): first group is made up of the steel ball between active V-groove dish, the driven V-groove dish in telophragma side and two V-groove faces, and telophragma couples with cone dish; Second group is made up of the steel ball in the middle of telophragma opposite side actively V-groove dish, the second driven V-groove dish and two V-groove faces. Operation principle: during energising, first group actively V-groove is in the face of steel ball generation normal pressure, and its axial thrust load promotes the driven V-groove dish of telophragma to make friction pair separate, and braking moment disappears, and its circumference component drives the output shaft work done coupled with second group of driven V-groove dish;During power-off, power shaft stop, the moment of resistance makes the second driven V-groove produce normal pressure in the face of steel ball, and its axial thrust load makes friction pair compress, and braking moment much to have much.
[beneficial effect], according to background technology, its creativeness is embodied in:
(1) braking moment increases with the moment of resistance and automatically increases;
(2) cyclo drive is steadily, never broken teeth high-reliability, inside and outside cycloid tooth are rolling engagement, long service life;
(3) rotating mass on power shaft is in static balance, dynamic equilibrium state, makes transmission more steady;
(4) single-stage cycloidal cableway decelerator of the present invention and background technology: STJ type, HZL type compare sees following table:
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1. embodiment of the present invention structural representation
Fig. 2,3 respectively steel ball and V-groove power-off (braking), be energized (work done) time Force principle figure
The present invention is encyclopaedized by [detailed description of the invention] below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
With reference to one kind, Fig. 1 .2. and 3. aerial cableway self-retention cycloidal reducer, including vertical support 1, motor 23, coupling tunnel 16, brake component and driving member, driving member includes power shaft 17, three eccentricity bearing, three Cycloidal Wheel, hypocycloid gear ring 29 and output mechanism, output mechanism includes output shaft 3, pin 13 and column sleeve, output shaft 3 is bearing in vertical support 1 endoporus by clutch shaft bearing 2, power shaft 17 is bearing in coupling tunnel 16 endoporus by the second bearing 28, it is characterised in that:
Described motor 23, coupling tunnel 16, hypocycloid gear ring 29 and vertical support 1 are sequentially integrally togather;
In three eccentricity bearing: the assembly that first and third capacity eccentric bearing b, f is first 6, NUP cylinder roller bearing 4 of outer collar with rib and interior eccentric bushing that both sides are identical, the middle assembly that the second capacity eccentric bearing d is second 8, two NUP cylinder roller bearings 4 of outer collar with rib and interior eccentric bushing;
The first capacity eccentric bearing b, the first spacer ring c, the second capacity eccentric bearing d, the second spacer ring e, three eccentricity bearing f is sequentially assembled between combination back-up ring a and power shaft 17 shaft shoulder of power shaft 17 axle stretch end, combination back-up ring a includes circular ring plate and circlip, lasso rib is relied on to make Cycloidal Wheel can position in the vertical direction, to avoid rubbing between Cycloidal Wheel and spacer ring, cause that oil temperature raises;
In three Cycloidal Wheel: first and third Cycloidal Wheel 9,12 that both sides are identical and middle the second Cycloidal Wheel 11 phase contrast 180 °, both sides first and third Cycloidal Wheel 9,12 takes turns the wide half equal to the second middle Cycloidal Wheel 11, in column sleeve, first and second and three column sleeves 7,10,7, correspond respectively to first and second and three Cycloidal Wheel 9,11,12, thus the rotating mass on power shaft is in static balance, dynamic equilibrium state, make transmission more steady;
The anchor ring of vertical support 1 central flange couples a dome 5 for covering clutch shaft bearing 2, purpose is to prevent from lubricating oil from entering bearing to spill from oil sealing, equipped with dipstick 14 on vertical support 1, operative employee can pull out the dipstick oily condition to check in support at any time, easily;
Equipped with abat-vent 15 on the coupling tunnel 16 flange circle of hypocycloid gear ring 29 top attachment, abat-vent 15 exceeds coupling tunnel 16 flange circle face 50~60mm, and abat-vent 15 main exhaust diameter isLeakage of oil is avoided to ensure reductor inner chamber oil pressure equal with environment;
Described brake component includes coupling tunnel 16 and the V-groove disc mechanism in device chamber within it, friction pair and back-moving spring 19, wherein V-groove disc mechanism is set to two groups, described friction pair includes inner cone 26 and cone dish 25, wherein inner cone 26 is connected in coupling tunnel 16 endoporus, cone dish 25 couples with telophragma 24, and the gap that friction pair separates is axial theoretical value;
In V-groove disc mechanism described in two groups, first active V-groove dish 22 is connected on motor 23 armature spindle, the side of telophragma 24 is the first driven V-groove dish, the first steel ball 21 is had between first driving and driven V-groove dish, the external splines axle stretch end of the second driven V-groove dish 20 and power shaft 17 is slidably connected, telophragma 24 opposite side is second actively have the second steel ball 27 between V-groove dish, two V-groove, and the uniform steel ball number of first and second steel ball 21,27 is equal with the V-groove number of its both sides V-groove dish;
One end of back-moving spring 19 is close to cup type spring base 18 inner bottom, back-moving spring 19 other end is close to the second driven V-groove dish 20 end face, back-moving spring 19 makes cone dish 25 compress with inner cone 26 friction pair, the axial theoretical value that the outer face of described cup type spring base 18 separates equal to friction pair against the gap between power shaft 17 shaft shoulder, cup type spring base 18 opening and the second driven V-groove dish 20.
Braking principle: during energising, with the first of motor 23 armature spindle the active V-groove dish 22 type groove face to steel ball 21 normal pressure: axial thrust load promotes the driven V-groove dish of telophragma 24 to make friction pair separate, and braking moment disappears; Circumference component drives power shaft 17 work done with the second driven V-groove dish 20 key connecting. Obvious first group of steel ball V-groove apparatus function is clutch, and second group of steel ball V-groove apparatus function is shaft coupling; When power is off, rotor 23 axle stop, the moment of resistance makes the V-groove of the second driven V-groove dish 20 in the face of steel ball 27 normal pressure, and its axial thrust load makes friction pair compress, thus braking moment is big.