CN1033706A - Multipurpose automatical fire precursor - Google Patents
Multipurpose automatical fire precursor Download PDFInfo
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- CN1033706A CN1033706A CN 87105947 CN87105947A CN1033706A CN 1033706 A CN1033706 A CN 1033706A CN 87105947 CN87105947 CN 87105947 CN 87105947 A CN87105947 A CN 87105947A CN 1033706 A CN1033706 A CN 1033706A
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- gallium
- infrared detector
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of fire alarm automatic forecasting device.Form by sniffer, discriminator circuit, amplifying circuit, warning circuit etc.Wherein sniffer adopts N-type semiconductor device, silicon-gallium-arsenide infrared detector spare, negative temperature coefficient thermistor device to make, and can carry out accurate Detection And Warning to producing four big factors or the omen that fire goes out.Be characterized in that detecting function is complete, response speed is fast, highly sensitive, good stability, can realize indoor whole space monitoring.And simple in structure, low cost, be easy to promote the use of.
Description
The present invention is a kind of fire alarm automatic forecasting device.
Existing fire alarm automatic forecasting device is divided into two classes substantially: a class is " smog " type, and a class is " temperature " type.The detector of " smog " type fire-alarm prediction device is divided into two kinds of forms again: a kind of is " detection of photoelectricity flash-mode ", it is made up of self light source and photosensitive receiving equipment, under normal circumstances, photosensitive device can receive the light signal of self, after smog produces, light is blocked by smog, and photosensitive device can not receive normal light signal, just sends warning; Another kind is " detection of photoelectricity diffuse transmission type ", and it also is made up of self light source and photosensitive device, under normal circumstances, photosensitive device is surveyed less than self light signal, after smog produces, because the scattering process of smog, make photosensitive device receive the light signal of self, send warning." heat detector " that " temperature " type fire-alarm prediction device utilizes, also be divided into two kinds of forms: a kind of is " bimetallic element switch ", is made by the sheet metal of two kinds of different heat expansion coefficients, usually the temperature of control is 50 ℃, when temperature surpassed 50 ℃, switch connection sent warning; Another kind is " a fusible alloy element switch ", and when temperature reached 80 ℃, warning was sent in alloying element fusing (disposable destruction) equally.These fire-alarm prediction devices generally are installed on the beam of the buildings that needs monitoring or on the ceiling top, what have also links with water spray system, and reporting to the police can spray water simultaneously.
Above-mentioned fire-alarm prediction device, its detecting function all are single.For example, " temperature " type precursor has been installed in certain house, when inflammable gass such as indoor coal gas overflow in a large number, has been surpassed when exploding the dosage standard, this precursor but has no reflection, reports to the police after indoor blast again, and is late.For another example, " smog " type precursor has been installed in certain warehouse, gasoline has leaked in this warehouse, burns, and gasoline combustion does not almost have smog at short notice, when the intensity of a fire enlarges, produces smog after other object burnings, and report to the police this moment, and this warehouse may become ashes.So the fire-alarm prediction device that detecting function is single can not be common to various occasions.In addition, these precursor insufficient sensitivity height, warning poor-performing.Whole system costs an arm and a leg, and generally reaches several ten thousand yuans, is difficult for promoting the use of.
It is complete to the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of detecting function, warning sensitivity height, dependable performance, cheap fire alarm automatic forecasting device.
Breaking out of fire generally has four factors or omen: 1. a large amount of smog and harmful gas; 2. flame, strong infrared radiation; 3. high temperature; 4. inflammable gas is as coal gas, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, gasoline vapor, alkanes, ethers etc.Designing requirement of the present invention is to these four kinds of factors, can both survey timely and effectively.Structure of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, it is by sniffer 1, screen delay circuit 2, pre-amplification circuit 3, power amplification circuit 4, Doppler's circuit 5, chimes of doom output circuit 6 successively circuit link and form.Power amplification circuit also links with warning power output circuit 7.At four big factors of fire, sniffer has adopted the semiconductor transducer with four class functions as detector, and it is composed as follows: the smog that (1) N-type semiconductor device is made, and inflammable gas is visited device 8; (2) silicon-gallium arsenic composite infrared detector 9; (3) hygrosensor 10.These three kinds of detectors are respectively by diode D
1, D
2, D
3Isolate mutually, and independently link, as Fig. 8 with the examination delay circuit.Circuit 2 is provided with a quota level threshold values, is made as 1.2V as this threshold values.Detector is under home; the signal of output is less than this level threshold values; when sniffer records that any one is higher than the ultimate value of home in the four big factors that produce fire; wherein corresponding detector is just exported the signal that is equal to or greater than this level threshold values, and is screened by discriminator circuit, so circuit start work; through amplifying circuit; drive Doppler's circuit, send alarm sound, export 220V2A warning power supply signal simultaneously.
The N type that smog, inflammable gas detector adopt is partly led device, and its detection principle is as follows, under certain condition, oxygen in the N-type semiconductor material meeting absorbed air, electronics forms negative oxygen ion in oxygen atom and the N-type semiconductor, and free electronic concentration is wherein reduced, and resistivity raises.When running into smog, during reducibility gas materials such as inflammable gas, because this class gas can discharge electronics, and be adsorbed onto the surface of N-type semiconductor with the state of positive ion, make the negative oxygen ion ejected electron that was adsorbed on semiconductor surface originally like this and desorption, make that electron concentration improves greatly in the semiconductor, resistivity reduces greatly, thereby realizes the detection to smog and inflammable gas.Fig. 2 is the electrical resistivity property curve of N-type semiconductor.ρ is the resistivity coordinate, and t is a time-base.O-t
1For using steady state (SS), t
1-t
2Be normal operating conditions, t
2-t
3Electricalresistivity's variation when running into reducibility gas such as smog or inflammable gas.
Hygrosensor of the present invention can adopt stable goodish negative temperature coefficient heat-sensitive sensor, and it has very high sensitivity.Fig. 3 is the temperature characteristics of negative temperature coefficient heat-sensitive sensor, and K Ω is the resistivity coordinate, and T is the temperature coordinate.
The structure of silicon-compound infrared sensor of gallium arsenic as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, Fig. 4 is a front elevation, Fig. 5 is a side view.It is arranged on equably on the detector base 12 by four to eight silicon-gallium-arsenide infrared detector spares 11 and forms.Base is the positive prismoid that three to seven ribs are arranged, and each side and bottom surface are provided with a silicon-gallium-arsenide infrared detector spare respectively.General base is made positive six terrace with edges, and rib becomes hexagonal angle with upper bottom surface.Six sides and a bottom surface respectively are provided with a silicon-gallium arsenic sensitive detection parts.Each sensitive detection parts can be surveyed 60 ℃ solid angle.Like this, when precursor is installed on indoor wall or the ceiling any position, can realize the indoor total space is surveyed.Silicon-gallium-arsenide infrared detector spare can be made version as shown in Figure 6: place a gallium-arsenide optical filter 14 as window in high performance silicon photodetector 13 fronts, and be fixed in the metal shell 15 (in the copper shell).Fig. 7 is the output photocurrent (mA coordinate) of silicon-gallium-arsenide infrared detector spare and the family curve of radiation light intensity (Lux coordinate).This infrared detector is than the infrared detector of routine, as vulcanized lead, TGS pyroelectricity, Ni Saila etc., low price many, just the latter's about a thirtieth.And sensitivity and stability are much higher.In addition, this device is invalid fully to visible light.
The present invention has compared obvious superiority with existing fire-alarm prediction device.Detecting function is complete, utilizes an instrument just can carry out Detection And Warning to the four big factors or the omen that produce fire; Highly sensitive, good stability, inflammable gass such as smog, carbon monoxide, alkanes aloft content reach 0.05%, perhaps room temperature reaches 50 ℃, perhaps infrared radiation dosage greater than 50Lux(at continuous irradiation 7-8 within second), can start warning; Response speed is fast, and a certain factor is no more than 10 seconds above the normal value duration in the four big factors, just can report to the police; To infrared radiation, this instrument can be realized whole space monitoring (about 36 square metres indoor); Low in energy consumption, under the normal operating conditions, power consumption is no more than 2 watts; Continuous working for a long time, environment for use condition broad, temperature is at-10 ℃～+ 50 ℃, and humidity is less than 85%.In addition, this instrument price is very cheap, and by the existing market price accounting, every fee of material has only about 100 yuans, is convenient to large-scale popularization and uses.
The present invention can be widely used in shop, warehouse, family, mine etc., and all need the occasion of fire safety.
Use as exploitation of the present invention, can make normal pressure centralized control type, promptly duty room is adorned a warning indicator, can indicate tens or more this fire alarm simultaneously, in case fire alarm takes place, can know that immediately which place may catch fire.Also can make low pressure centralized control type, with above-mentioned different be that the civil power of 220V is made into 12V direct current supply.Be applicable to and require extra high place.Also can make the AC/DC portable type.When the 220V alternating current, instrument is supplied with (simultaneously to charge in batteries) by alternating current.During outage, power to instrument by accumulator.Can be used on the place of frequent outage.As be carried under the mine prediction gas etc.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of fire alarm automatic forecasting device, by sniffer, examination delay circuit, pre-amplification circuit, power amplification circuit, Doppler's circuit, chimes of doom output circuit circuit successively link composition, it is characterized in that said sniffer has following ingredient:
(1) smog, the inflammable gas detector made of N-type semiconductor device,
(2) silicon-gallium arsenic composite infrared detector,
(3) hygrosensor,
These three kinds of detectors are respectively by diode D
1, D
2, D
3Independently link with the examination delay circuit.
2,, it is characterized in that above-mentioned hygrosensor is a negative temperature coefficient heat-sensitive sensor according to the fire alarm automatic forecasting device of claim 1.
3, according to the fire alarm automatic forecasting device of claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned silicon-gallium arsenic composite infrared detector evenly is arranged on the detector base by four to eight silicon-gallium-arsenide infrared detector spares and forms, base is the positive prismoid that three to seven ribs are arranged, and each side and bottom surface are provided with an infrared detector respectively.
4,, it is characterized in that said silicon-gallium-arsenide infrared detector spare structure is to be provided with a gallium-arsenide optical filter before the silicon photodetector spare, and be fixed in the metal shell according to the fire alarm automatic forecasting device of claim 3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87105947 CN1033706A (en) | 1987-12-24 | 1987-12-24 | Multipurpose automatical fire precursor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87105947 CN1033706A (en) | 1987-12-24 | 1987-12-24 | Multipurpose automatical fire precursor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1033706A true CN1033706A (en) | 1989-07-05 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87105947 Pending CN1033706A (en) | 1987-12-24 | 1987-12-24 | Multipurpose automatical fire precursor |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102682562A (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2012-09-19 | 公安部上海消防研究所 | Online fire smoke detecting device |
| CN104994450A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-10-21 | 杨明龙 | Direction-guiding device |
-
1987
- 1987-12-24 CN CN 87105947 patent/CN1033706A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102682562A (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2012-09-19 | 公安部上海消防研究所 | Online fire smoke detecting device |
| CN104994450A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-10-21 | 杨明龙 | Direction-guiding device |
| CN104994450B (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2018-07-24 | 杨明龙 | A kind of direction guiding equipment |
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