CN103364818A - Device and method for radioactive surface source to automatically imitate and mark gas source detection efficiency - Google Patents

Device and method for radioactive surface source to automatically imitate and mark gas source detection efficiency Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103364818A
CN103364818A CN2013102944361A CN201310294436A CN103364818A CN 103364818 A CN103364818 A CN 103364818A CN 2013102944361 A CN2013102944361 A CN 2013102944361A CN 201310294436 A CN201310294436 A CN 201310294436A CN 103364818 A CN103364818 A CN 103364818A
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source
face
base
support column
sleeve pipe
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CN103364818B (en
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田自宁
欧阳晓平
李雪松
李安
宋纪文
刘金良
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Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to a device and method for a radioactive surface source to automatically imitate and mark gas source detection efficiency. The device comprises a radioactive source tray, at least two supporting columns, at least two sleeve pipes, a base, air leakage holes, a surface source and a CZT detector. The middle of the radioactive source tray is hollow, the lower bottom face of the radioactive source tray is fixedly connected with the at least two supporting columns, the middle of the base is hollow, the upper top face of the base is fixedly connected with the sleeve pipes, the supporting columns and the sleeve pipes are equal in number and corresponding in position in a one-to-one mode, and the external diameter of each supporting column is precisely equal to the internal diameter of each sleeve pipe. According to the device and method for the radioactive surface source to automatically imitate and mark the gas source detection efficiency, the gravity of the radioactive source tray and the gravity of the supporting columns are simply used as a power source without the help of other external forces, the surface source can automatically mark a gas source, a closed space formed by the supporting columns and the sleeve pipes is used, one air leakage hole is formed in the space to be used for air exhaust, and meanwhile, the influence of the air leakage hole to the decline of the tray and the supporting columns is eliminated due to the fact that the air leakage hole is formed in the base.

Description

Radioactivity face source automatic analog scaling gas source detection efficiency device and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the detection efficiency calibration technology of gas source in the Application of Nuclear Technology field.Being specifically related to measuring object is the face source graduation apparatus of the radgas source detection efficiency of gas source.
Background technology
Radioactivity survey is that various radioactive samples source is surveyed and analyzed.Wherein efficiency calibration and analytic process are one important steps, only have and accurately and reliably carry out efficiency calibration, just can obtain effective activity concentration of sample.Want the gaseous sample of probing column shape, need to make the Standard Gases body source identical with sample size, by this Standard Gases body source detector is carried out detection efficiency calibration, then could carry out Measurement and analysis to gaseous sample.When the shape of sample is not identical with standard source, make, buy, transportation standard source time and effort consuming, greatly reduce work efficiency.
For the problems referred to above, main LabSOCS software or the illiteracy snap gauge of adopting intends calculating the passive scale of realizing gas source both at home and abroad, save the process with Standard Gases body source scale, increase work efficiency, but cover the sensitive volume that snap gauge is intended necessary detector for known crystals, this sensitive volume generally is difficult to obtain, and therefore has larger error.On the other hand, use face source scale technology, the face source is tested at distance crystal differing heights, determine that peak, face source counting rate is with the variation relation f of height s(h), integration obtains the gas source detection efficiency, and the method has solved gas source scale problem to a certain extent, but experimentation is comparatively complicated, needs artificially manually to remove to finish scale, is not easy to apply.Number of patent application is 201020218895.3 gamma ray spectrometer sample holder, and its goal of the invention is fully different from the present invention with principle, and its basic structure is annulus up and down, middlely is comprised of support bar and sleeve pipe, and the sample measurement height is controlled by pad washer.It mainly is the measurement of finishing static body source sample, can not make radioactive source be in a dynamic movement process.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of radioactivity face source automatic analog scaling gas source detection efficiency device, and it has solved the existing passive scale and has existed larger error, face source scale can only be used for finishing the technical matters of the measurement of static body source sample.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of radioactivity face source automatic analog scaling gas source sniffer, its special character is:
Comprise radioactive source pallet 1, support column 2, sleeve pipe 3, base 4, leakage hole 5, face source 8, CZT detector 9;
Hollow out in the middle of the described radioactive source pallet 1, its bottom surface is connected with at least two support columns 2;
Hollow out in the middle of the described base 4, its upper bottom surface is connected with at least two sleeve pipes 3;
Described support column 2 is consistent with sleeve pipe 3 quantity and the position is corresponding one by one, and the overall diameter of described support column 2 accurately equates with the interior diameter of sleeve pipe 3;
The bottom center of described sleeve pipe 3 is provided with leakage hole 5; Described leakage hole 5 communicates with outside air;
Described source 8 is placed on radioactive source pallet 1 centre position, and the coating diameter in described source 8 is less than radioactive source pallet 1 hollow out diameter, and the end liner diameter in described source 8 is greater than the hollow out diameter;
Described CZT detector 9 is placed on the center of base 4, and described CZT detector 9 bottom surface catercorner lengths need less than base 4 hollow out diameters.
Also comprise the support column packing ring 7 that is placed on the middle hollow out in the sleeve pipe 3.
Also comprise at least three packing rings 6 that are arranged on base 4 belows.
The material of above-mentioned radioactive source pallet 1, support column 2, sleeve pipe 3, base 4, packing ring 6, support column packing ring 7 is stainless steel, and the substrate in described source 8 is aluminium.
The radioactivity face source automatic analog scaling gas source detection method of said system is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
1] as requested fall off rate is set the size of leakage hole 5;
2] face source 8 is placed on radioactive source pallet 1 centre position, CZT detector 9 is placed on the center of base 4;
3] all support columns 2 are put into corresponding sleeve pipe 3;
4] begin timing face to face during the uniform descent of source, total peak counting that detector test surface source produces;
5] detection efficiency in Calculation of Gas source:
ϵ V = N A · P γ · t
In the formula:
N is total peak counting that the face source produces in crystal in whole motion process;
A is face source radiation activity (Bq);
P γBe the gamma-rays emission probability;
T is face source fall time (s).
Above-mentioned steps 3 also comprises the step of the height in analog gas source, chain of command source, and it adopts the support column packing ring 7 of putting into differing heights in sleeve pipe 3 to regulate the mode that support column 2 gos deep into the degree of depth of sleeve pipe 3.
The advantage of patent of the present invention is:
1, the present invention utilizes the face source to solve the daily efficiency calibration problem of gas source, has greatly saved the cost of manufacture of radioactivity standard gas source.
2, the present invention can be operated in room temperature state owing to used the CZT detector, has reduced refrigeration plant, and whole system is miniaturization more.
3, the present invention is by other external strengths, and the gravity that just simply utilizes radioactive source pallet 1, support column 2 self has been finished face source automatic scale gas source as power source.
4, the ingenious enclosure space that has utilized support column 2 and sleeve pipe 3 to form of the present invention carries out exhaust at leakage hole of this spatial placement 5, and this leakage hole 5 is arranged on the base 4 simultaneously, has eliminated the impact of leakage hole 5 on pallet 1 and support column 2 declines.
5, the present invention has adopted support column packing ring 7 to put into the design of sleeve pipe 3, thereby has controlled the degree of depth that support column 2 gos deep into sleeve pipe 3, makes the height in radioactive source pallet 1 and face source adjustable, finally makes it can simulate the gas source efficient of differing heights.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is face source structure synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is radioactive source pallet 1 and support column 2 structural representations;
Fig. 3 is sleeve pipe 3 and base 4 structural representations;
Fig. 4 is packing ring 6 and support column packing ring 7 structural representations;
Fig. 5 is face source automatic analog scaling gas source detection efficiency apparatus structure synoptic diagram;
Fig. 6 is CZT crystal structure synoptic diagram;
Reference numeral: 1-radioactive source pallet; The 2-support column; The 3-sleeve pipe; The 4-base; The 5-leakage hole; The 6-packing ring; 7-support column packing ring; 8-face source end liner; 9-face source coating; The 10-dielectric; The 11-anode; The 12-negative electrode; The 13-conductor shield; The W-width; H-thickness.
Embodiment
A kind of radioactivity face source automatic analog scaling gas source detection efficiency method and device comprise radioactive source pallet 1, support column 2, sleeve pipe 3, base 4, leakage hole 5, packing ring 6, support column packing ring 7, face source 8, CZT detector 9.
Radioactive source pallet 1 is positioned on the base 4 by sleeve pipe 3 is connected connection with support column, base supports with the packing ring 6 of three equal heights, leakage hole 5 is positioned at the center position of two sleeve pipes on the base, paired support column packing ring 7 can be put into sleeve pipe 3, face source 8 is placed on radioactive source pallet 1 centre position, and CZT detector 9 is placed on the center of base 4.
Radioactive source pallet 1, support column 2, sleeve pipe 3, base 4, packing ring 6, support column packing ring 7 are same metal (stainless steel), and face source 8 end liners are aluminum.
The overall diameter of support column 2 equates accurately that with the interior diameter of sleeve pipe 3 overall diameter of support column packing ring 7 equates with the interior diameter of sleeve pipe 3.
Radioactive source pallet 1 is connected with support column 2, and base 4 is connected with sleeve pipe 3, radioactive source pallet 1 and base 4 middle hollow outs.
Leakage hole 5 must be positioned on the base 4, and at the center position of two sleeve pipes, to guarantee enclosure space that support column 2 and sleeve pipe 3 form the place of gas leakage is arranged; The decline rate of radioactive source pallet 1 is relevant with leakage hole 5 sizes, and the little then decline rate in aperture is slow, and aperture greatly then decline rate is fast.
The packing ring 6 that connects three equal heights below the base, the effect of packing ring make whole frame bottom built on stilts, guarantee that leakage hole 5 can normal exhaust.
During the uniform descent height H, the space that it is inswept is equivalent to a gas source, thereby has realized face source automatic analog scaling gas source detection efficiency in time for source 8, radioactive source pallet 1 and support column 2 face to face.
Support column packing ring 7 must be the cover pipeloop of middle hollow out, and middle hollow out has guaranteed that gas can be from leakage hole 5 discharges.
The support column packing ring 7 of paired differing heights can be put into two sleeve pipes 3, and the effect of support column packing ring 7 is to regulate support column 2 to go deep into the degree of depth of sleeve pipe 3, thereby has regulated the maximum height that radioactive source pallet 1 descends, and has namely controlled the height in analog gas source, face source.
The formula of the detection efficiency of the gas source that simulate in the derivation source of appearing is:
ϵ V = N A · P γ · t
In the formula:
N is total peak counting that the face source produces in crystal in whole motion process;
A is face source radiation activity (Bq);
P γBe the gamma-rays emission probability;
T is face source fall time (s).
It is gas source detection efficiency total peak counting and these two key parameters decisions fall time by the generation of face source of simulation that this formula is reached a conclusion.
Face source 8 coating diameters need less than radioactive source pallet 1 hollow out diameter, and the end liner diameter needs greater than the hollow out diameter, and CZT detector 9 ground catercorner lengths need less than base 4 hollow out diameters.
With the spectral measurement of CZT detector 9 for radgas, be mainly used in prohibiting the nuclear examination and verify nucleic 131mXe, 133Xe, 133mXe, 135The Xe spectral measurement.
The needed detector crystal dimension plan of this patent: size per sample, its internal diameter are 42mm, so the CZT crystal is long and width W can be designed as 40.0mm, and crystal can not be too little, and too little then detection efficiency is too low.The ray energy that the 700keV that this patent is paid close attention to is following, therefore can reduce crystal thickness, the thickness H that is crystal is 10.0mm, crystal is thinner, the Compton platform of high-energy ray is less on the detection impact of low energy ray, the energy resolution of low energy ray and detection efficiency are also better, and carbon window thickness is 0.50mm.
A kind of radioactivity face source automatic analog scaling gas source detection efficiency device, its making is divided into following step:
1, according to preliminary dimension materials processing is become radioactive source pallet 1, support column 2, sleeve pipe 3, base 4, packing ring 6, support column packing ring 7; Electroplating surface source 8 makes CZT detector 9.
2, two support columns 2 are connected on radioactive source pallet 1 assigned address.
3, specified location is bored two leakage holes 5 of certain pore size size on base 4.Pore size determines that as required greatly then radioactive source pallet 1 decline rate is fast in the aperture, and aperture little then radioactive source pallet 1 decline rate is then slow.
4, two sleeve pipes 3 are connected on base 4 assigned addresses, guarantee that two leakage holes 5 are positioned at two sleeve pipe 3 centers.A leakage hole 5 is arranged in gas leakage with the confined space that makes things convenient for sleeve pipe 3 and support column 2 and base 4 to form, thereby guaranteed that radioactive source pallet 1 can uniform descent.
5, three highly identical packing rings 6 are connected on equally distributed three positions, base 4 belows.
6, electroplating surface source 8 is placed on radioactive source pallet 1 center, CZT detector 9 places the center of base 4 hollow outs, has finished the assembling of whole graduation apparatus.
Principle of the present invention is:
The source is in time during the uniform descent height H face to face, the space that it is inswept quite with the gas source that height is H.Its gas source detection efficiency formula proving is as follows:
Face source detection efficiency is generally by peak counting rate f s(h) determine f s(h) be again the function that changes with h.Then the gas source detection efficiency can be expressed as again formula (1).
ϵ V = 1 H · 1 A · P γ ∫ 0 H f s ( h ) dh （1）
A presentation surface source radiation activity (Bq), P γExpression gamma-rays emission probability, wherein f s(h) total from 0～H integration obtain that decline process in face source produces in crystal the peak counting rate, divided by the mean value of peak, H presentation surface source counting rate with height change, it doesn't matter with Measuring Time again.The face source is in whole motion process simultaneously, and the total peak counting that produces in crystal is N, and face source t fall time also is Measuring Time.Then the face source can be expressed as N/t at 0～H again apart from the mean value of the peak counting rate that produces, that is:
1 H ∫ 0 H f s ( h ) dh = N t （2）
With formula (2) substitution formula (1) then the detection efficiency computing formula of gas source be:
ϵ V = N A · P γ · t （3）
Can find out that from formula (3) the gas source detection efficiency of simulation is only by determining total peak counting and the fall time that the face source produces.This technical method must be strict with face source diameter and cylindrical gas source diameter, and the consistance of simulated altitude and gas source height just can make analog result accurately reliable.
The present invention has used the newtonian motion theorem of mechanics namely in order to obtain face source uniform descent: do the time spent when object is subjected to equilibrant, the object motion state that will remain a constant speed.The ingenious confining gas space with sleeve pipe and a sealing of support column composition of the present invention, if in the absence of leakage hole, the self gravitation of radioactive source pallet and support column will keep balance to the pressure of support column with gas, and when having leakage hole to exist, supported post compression reduces the gas space owing to leak gas gradually, whole system gravity equates all the time with gaseous tension in this process, and then radioactive source pallet and support column be uniform descent, thereby realized uniform descent analog gas source, face source.When the gas of simulation can't be made the face source, the face source that can use method of substitution to make other nucleic substituted scale, for example 133Xe (81keV) gas can be considered with emitted energy close 170Tm(84.25keV), 133The face sources such as Ba (81keV) substitute.
Therefore, patent of the present invention proposes face to face the source in time during the uniform descent height H, the space that it is inswept quite with the gas source that height is H, thereby gone out the efficient of gas source by the face source derivation scale of dynamic motion.Its relative number of patent application is that 201020218895.3 gamma ray spectrometer sample holder mainly contains three innovative points: the one, and the sleeve pipe interior diameter must be consistent with upper requirement of support column diameter dimension design, thereby can form confined space; The 2nd, the leakage hole design is arranged; The 3rd, support bottom annulus connects packing ring, guarantees leakage hole energy normal exhaust, has realized face source uniform descent, i.e. finished surface source automatic scale gas source efficient.Use this Calibration principle method, can study a kind of simple, quick, automatic, extremely strong face source scale gas source device of practicality.
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
1, according to preliminary dimension stainless steel material is processed into a radioactive source pallet (external diameter 150mm, thickness 5.0mm, internal diameter 75mm), two support column (diameter 15mm, height 150mm), two sleeve pipes (internal diameter 15mm, height 150mm, external diameter 17mm), a base (external diameter 150mm, thickness 3.0mm, internal diameter 75mm), some paired packing rings (internal diameter 13mm, height 2～10mm, external diameter 15mm); Face source end liner diameter 90mm uses aluminium material, and radioactive nuclide electrodeposited coating diameter is 42mm; The CZT crystalline size is 40mm * 40mm * 10mm.
2, first base is bored two leakage holes, two leakage hole centre distance base outward flange 10mm, and be distributed on the base diameter, pore size is about 1.0～3.0mm, two pore sizes need keep certain consistance.
3, two sleeve pipes are connected in the base upper surface, make the sleeve pipe axis aim at the leakage hole center.
3,2 support columns are connected in radioactive source pallet precalculated position: support column centre distance radioactive source tray edge 10mm, 2 support columns must be on radioactive source pallet diametrical position.
4, be that 3 packing rings of 5.0mm are connected in below the base with height, 3 packing rings evenly distribute, and each packing ring is 10mm apart from the base outward flange, and whole device design machines.
Above size is determined according to newly-designed CZT detector, if the other types detector can adjust as the case may be.

Claims (6)

1. radioactivity face source automatic analog scaling gas source sniffer is characterized in that:
Comprise radioactive source pallet (1), support column (2), sleeve pipe (3), base (4), leakage hole (5), face source (8), CZT detector (9);
Hollow out in the middle of the described radioactive source pallet (1), its bottom surface is connected with at least two support columns (2);
Hollow out in the middle of the described base (4), its upper bottom surface is connected with at least two sleeve pipes (3);
Described support column (2) is consistent with sleeve pipe (3) quantity and the position is corresponding one by one, and the overall diameter of described support column (2) accurately equates with the interior diameter of sleeve pipe (3);
The bottom center of described sleeve pipe (3) is provided with leakage hole (5); Described leakage hole (5) communicates with outside air;
Described source (8) is placed on radioactive source pallet (1) centre position, and the coating diameter in described source (8) is less than radioactive source pallet (1) hollow out diameter, and the end liner diameter in described source (8) is greater than the hollow out diameter;
Described CZT detector (9) is placed on the center of base (4), and described CZT detector (9) bottom surface catercorner length needs less than base (4 hollow out diameters.
2. radioactivity face source automatic analog scaling gas source sniffer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise the support column packing ring (7) that is placed on the middle hollow out in the sleeve pipe (3).
3. radioactivity face source automatic analog scaling gas source sniffer according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: also comprise three packing rings (6) that are arranged on base (4) below at least.
4. radioactivity face source automatic analog scaling gas source sniffer according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the material of described radioactive source pallet (1), support column (2), sleeve pipe (3), base (4), packing ring (6), support column packing ring (7) is stainless steel, and the substrate in described source (8) is aluminium.
5. based on the radioactivity face source automatic analog scaling gas source detection method of the described system of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
1] as requested fall off rate is set the size of leakage hole (5);
2] Jiang Mianyuan (8) is placed on radioactive source pallet (1) centre position, CZT detector (9) is placed on the center of base (4);
3] all support columns (2) are put into corresponding sleeve pipe (3);
4] begin timing face to face during the uniform descent of source, total peak counting that detector test surface source produces;
5] detection efficiency in Calculation of Gas source:
ϵ V = N A · P γ · t
In the formula:
N is total peak counting that the face source produces in crystal in whole motion process;
A is face source radiation activity (Bq);
P γ is the gamma-rays emission probability;
T is face source fall time (s).
6. described radioactivity face source automatic analog scaling gas source detection method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described step 3 also comprises the step of the height in analog gas source, chain of command source, and it adopts the support column packing ring (7) of putting into differing heights in sleeve pipe (3) to regulate the mode that support column (2) gos deep into the degree of depth of sleeve pipe (3).
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103592670A (en) * 2013-11-07 2014-02-19 西北核技术研究所 Gamma radioactive gas body source absolute detection efficiency calibration device and method
CN104020483A (en) * 2014-06-13 2014-09-03 西北核技术研究所 Method and device for simulating detection efficiency of calibration detector by adopting virtual source
CN109085639A (en) * 2018-08-20 2018-12-25 中国原子能科学研究院 It is a kind of133The preparation and detection efficient bearing calibration of Xe simulation gas source
CN109669204A (en) * 2019-01-08 2019-04-23 山西医科大学 A kind of CZT semiconductor activity meter and activity measurement device
CN114371494A (en) * 2022-03-22 2022-04-19 西南科技大学 Radioactive source scene simulation method for autonomous sourcing robot

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103592670A (en) * 2013-11-07 2014-02-19 西北核技术研究所 Gamma radioactive gas body source absolute detection efficiency calibration device and method
CN104020483A (en) * 2014-06-13 2014-09-03 西北核技术研究所 Method and device for simulating detection efficiency of calibration detector by adopting virtual source
CN109085639A (en) * 2018-08-20 2018-12-25 中国原子能科学研究院 It is a kind of133The preparation and detection efficient bearing calibration of Xe simulation gas source
CN109085639B (en) * 2018-08-20 2020-08-21 中国原子能科学研究院 A kind of133Preparation of Xe simulation gas source and detection efficiency correction method
CN109669204A (en) * 2019-01-08 2019-04-23 山西医科大学 A kind of CZT semiconductor activity meter and activity measurement device
CN109669204B (en) * 2019-01-08 2019-09-06 山西医科大学 A kind of CZT semiconductor activity meter and activity measurement device
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CN114371494A (en) * 2022-03-22 2022-04-19 西南科技大学 Radioactive source scene simulation method for autonomous sourcing robot

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