CN103362021A - Plant-modified fibril and preparation technology thereof - Google Patents
Plant-modified fibril and preparation technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103362021A CN103362021A CN2012100807986A CN201210080798A CN103362021A CN 103362021 A CN103362021 A CN 103362021A CN 2012100807986 A CN2012100807986 A CN 2012100807986A CN 201210080798 A CN201210080798 A CN 201210080798A CN 103362021 A CN103362021 A CN 103362021A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a plant-modified fibril and a preparation technology thereof, and the plant-modified fibril is obtained by modifying the aggregate state by taking the plant as a raw material. The plant-modified fibril basically reserves the main ingredients of the natural plant, and changes the physical form and the performance of the natural plant, so that the rigid material can be prepared, and the flexible material such as the paper, the fabric and the like can be prepared. The modified fibril is prepared by the working procedure which comprises the following steps of softening, separating, rolling thread, grinding into a thick liquid or pulping, bleaching, softening and the like under normal temperature and normal pressure. The new fibril is wide in raw materials, low in manufacture cost, and outstanding in energy-saving, emission-reducing and consumption-reducing effects. The technology is universal, thereby being applicable to the new factory, the original pulping factory and the original fiber factory. The plant-modified fibril and the preparation technology thereof are low in scale requirement, thereby being especially suitable for the demand of the economic development of the agriculture and the rural area.
Description
Technical field
A kind of take plant as raw material by the aggregative-state modified fibrillation that obtains and manufacturing technique thereof.The physical characteristic of this modified fibre is the main components such as the cellulose that substantially kept natural plants, hemicellulose, lignin, has changed simultaneously its physical form and performance, both can be used for making rigid material, also can be used for making flexible material.The process characteristic of making this modified fibre is to adopt under normal temperature and pressure or higher pressure on the low side, by hydrogen bond reaction plant material is carried out aggregative-state modifiedly, make and finish by operations such as thread rolling, defibrination or making beating, bleaching, softnessizationes after its softening separation.This new fiber, raw material extensively, low cost of manufacture, composition is near nature, and is easy to use, its manufacturing technique is energy-conservation, reduce discharging, consumption reduction.From result of the test, adopt this method pulping and paper-making to compare with former chemical pulping process, raw material can save 30%, and the energy can save 80%, and water consumption can reduce 80%, and pollutant can reduce discharging 70%.This project technology has universality, is convenient to suitability for industrialized production, newly founds the factory and original pulp mill, and fiber factory all can adopt.Be particularly suitable for the needs of developing agricultural and rural economy.
Technical background
Social economic development faces four major problem.The one, energy worsening shortages; The 2nd, the basic material inadequate resource; The 3rd, earth atmosphere Co
2Content increase causes unusual weather conditions; The 4th, some areas environmental pollution is serious.But superfluous Here it is the renewable plant resources of a kind of thing is arranged.Authority's data shows have global every year this resources of hundreds billion of tons to waste year after year, is rotted to produce great amount of carbon dioxide by bacterium.If these utilizations of resources are good, the problem that above-mentioned development faces just can be eased or solve naturally.The energy ratio of producing one ton of wooden basic raw material and producing one ton of cement, steel, plastics, aluminium consumption is: 1: 4: 60: 45: if 130. these vegetable material modifications are processed into various wood materials, replace part of cement, steel, plastics, aluminium will save how much energy? producing the raw material of these materials can save, and oil in the world, iron ore etc. price just can rise naturally yet.Show that according to AUTHORITATIVE DATA the rotten animal and plant of bacterium produced CO in 1 year on the earth
21,500 hundred million tons, and economical activities of mankind just produced 6,500,000,000 tons of CO in 1 year
2If the part in can be take the agricultural and forestry production residue as main vegetable material produces fiber, paper or the materials such as building, packing and is fixed up, and has reduced the grain of bacterium, the CO that bacterial activity is emitted
2, naturally reduce weather and environmental problem natural remission.Now, the technique of many industry take plant as raw material not only can not be alleviated developing problem, is greatly to have aggravated these contradiction on the contrary.Paper is indispensable staple commodities in human being's production, the life.Papermaking is maximum resource consumption department and pollution generation department, shows according to the national statistics office data, and China's paper industry waste discharge accounted for 17% of national industrial wastewater discharge total amount in 2005.COD discharging accounts for 32.3% of national COD total emission volumn, raw material become the black liquor pollution thing more than 1/3rd.If with this Plants modified fibre, replace most of paper pulp, the long-standing insufficient raw material of paper-making industry, environmental pollution problem just can be resolved.If textile industry uses this Plants fiber to replace cotton, chemical fibre in a large number, how many soils are the whole world this vacate and come to save how many oil for grain-production.Therefore can say that the principal contradiction that global economic and social development runs into all depends on the breakthrough that vegetable material utilizes technology.
The development and use of renewable plant resources, people have also studied for many years, but do not make a breakthrough.From know-why, plant process and utilization technology route is defective now.The natural plants macromolecule, it is by atom compositing monomer molecule, and monomer molecule becomes macromolecule chain section (primary structure) through the adjustment of electron distributions, chain link is linked to be strand (secondary structure), and strand forms again state of aggregation (three aggregated(particle) structures).Once, secondary structure is to lean on the active force of chemical bond to link together.The state of aggregation that three aggregated(particle) structures form then is to rely on time valency power to comprise that the effect of Van der Waals force and hydrogen bond force links together.Studies show that, to plant material change its once, secondary structure needs 10
3-10
4The kj/mol energy just can accomplish, if find suitable method to change its three aggregated(particle) structure, approximately only needs it less than 1/10 energy.So traditional handicraft power consumption is large, pollutant is many, the cost higher position because its technology path be change natural polymer once or secondary structure be main.And be the main component of plant will be separated respectively to utilize, like this with regard to XXL more energy resource consumption in the processing and manufacturing process and the generation of pollutant.Purpose of the present invention is exactly will find a kind of plant material to be carried out aggregative-state modified method, creates a technical strategies.Can use cleaner production, low-carbon (LC) utilizes mode that vegetable material is modified as the plant fibrillation.And not only energy-saving and emission-reduction but also with its purposes widely, the manufacturing structure materials such as Partial Replacement steel, plastics, aluminium, timber in the middle of manufacture process of this Plants modified fibre; Can replace paper pulp to be used for papermaking; Can replace linen-cotton, chemical fibre etc. to be used for weaving, and other productions, sphere of life, substitute highly energy-consuming, high pollution, the rare valency high product of enormous amount.
Summary of the invention
The core of this technological invention is to have found the material that a collection of volume is little, elecrtonegativity is strong, polarity is high (this point is open in my another patent-aggregative-state modified new pulping process) to carry out aggregative-state modified modifier to vegetable material.According to performance and the purposes of plant material, fiber, modifier substantially can be divided into two classes: a class is dryness modifier, and it directly is added in the raw material powder, and modification in process, polymeric composite obtain the fiber of production inflexibility material; The 2nd, solution modifier will dissolve in modifier in the solvent, and the hydrogen bond reaction occurs in solution for raw material and modifier, produces flexible fiber.
Modified plant fibers is different according to its purposes, and its technological process is divided three classes:
One, the production method of the modified plant fibers of production inflexibility structural material:
First will be ground into powder to vegetable material; Second 5%～8% dryness modifier is admixed in the powder, stirs; The 3rd raw material that stirs progressively adds in the abrasive particle machine, in the situation that do not heat, its mill is cut into granular modified plant fibers pellet.Adding a small amount of plastics in this pellet can be by hot pressing, extrude, molding methods is made the structural material that needs.
Two, the modified plant fibers manufacture method that is used for papermaking:
The first, select volume little, the polar molecule that elecrtonegativity is strong, monomer or compound etc. is mixed with modifier aqueous solution, allows hydrogen bond or hydroxyl isoreactivity group in itself and the plant macromolecule raw material react, and changes its aggregated structure.This modification of Inner Mongol Xianghuang Banner molecular composite material Co., Ltd development and bleaching assistant are in national multiple spot production and supply.The second, be cut into long 30-50mm, thick 2-3mm, the particle of wide 3-5mm take lignin, hemicellulose, cellulose as the plant material of Main Ingredients and Appearance wooden branch, small dimension wood, shrub branch, straw, wheat straw, reed etc. are various; Three, the raw material particle is put into the alkali pond preimpregnation 1～2 hour of alkali dense about 3%, liquid-solid ratio 2-3: 1, add again 3～5% modification liquid and in reactor, reacted 2-3 hour.According to raw material type, softening difficulty, pulping equipment and to the size performance requirement is determined modification liquid concentration, type of reactor, reaction time.To soft stalks such as paddy and wheat grass, can also take to soak one to two minute, pick up the ground that is deposited on the concrete floor that is covered with five cun left and right sides dry crushing raw materials or is covered with thick Polypropylence Sheet.Successively stack to 1 to 1.5 meter high, will cover sealing through the stockpile of preimpregnation with Polypropylence Sheet; To add first after 3%～5% alkali lye preimpregnation allowed them fully become alkalescence in 2 hours wood, bamboo class raw material, add again modifier liquid, hydrogen bond reaction 2～3 hours occur.Five, reach predetermined time after treated raw material namely softening, can be by the former technology and equipment of papermaking (omission boiling) defibrination, papermaking.
If the modification required time is long, can not adapt to the following measures taked of existing equipment technological requirement, accelerate aggregative-state modified speed: one, the pulping raw material particle is pushed in advance, put into alkali lye after the pressure break and soak; Two, the modifier liquid of making is carried out the catalytic treatment measures such as freezing, the activity of reinforced modifier; Three, after stacking processing or reactor reaction, process the softening degree of deepening raw material in three to four minutes through microwave tunnel first.
Equally also will be according to raw material type at bleaching stage, appointed condition, fiber applications determines to float agent kind, concentration, consumption and flow process.
Three, the modified plant fibers manufacture method that is used for weaving:
The chemical pulp that the fiber that above-mentioned wet method is made can replace conventional method to make fully is used for papermaking; If be used for textile industry, only need to change fiberizer into thread rolling machine in the defibrination link, to keep fibre length, add softener in the bleaching later stage and stopped 10-30 minute, its softnessization is got final product.
In order as much as possible lignin, hemicellulose to be stayed, all to add lignin passivator in the sort of flow process.
Key problem in technology: the one, to select, produce the extremely strong modifier liquid of plant material penetrability, the modified-reaction of generation can only reduce or eliminate the hydrogen bond force between the large molecule, carry out aggregative-state modified to raw material, and do not allow it that fierce chemical reaction occurs, and producing black liquor, this degree must be got hold of.To utilize rotary spherical digester to change reactor into as example, the solid-to-liquid ratio of raw material and modification liquid selects 1: 2-3 is advisable; Modifier concentration 20-40 grams per liter is advisable in the modification liquid; Be advisable in rotational response 2-3 hour at normal temperatures.The 2nd, the raw material after-tack of must alkalizing first.Only, height contains lignin and hemicellulose can be bleached although will do like this behind the various variety classes material modifications, but used to float agent kind, consumption, bleaching hop count and flow process be different, rice wheat straw, ramulus mori, Chinese alpine rush preferably float, whiteness all has the 50-60 degree after the general modification, after one section oxygen floats, the 70-80 degree is just arranged, bamboo fibre is the most difficult to be floated, but getting well of doing also only needs one section hydrogen peroxide bleaching, need add at most one section calcium hypochlorite bleaching, parameter must in conjunction with local raw material and water quality, just can be determined through repetition test.
Plant modified fibre and manufacturing technique main innovate point thereof:
(1) discovery of aggregative-state modified mechanism and application.
(2) preparation is to the very strong modifier liquid of plant material infiltration.Lignin scarvenger and adding mode thereof.
(3) the heating link of a large amount of power consumptions has been broken away from the simplification of technological process, takes the lead in adopting advanced, aggregative-state modified reaction method fast and efficiently.
(4) the existing paper-making pulping chemicals of less employing is used modifier and bleaching assistant efficient, nontoxic, light pollution instead.
(5) on the basis of the significant minimizing of waste liquid, segmentation recycle mode is taked in the utilization of water.Be that the raw material rinse water is back to the cleaning raw material after three grades of precipitations; Reactor remains the water Returning reactor; The surplus water of discharging from the fiberizer slag-discharging device after Microfilter is processed at defibrination to the bleachery recycle; Return bleaching equipment from bleaching equipment and extruder surplus water out.
Technical advantage:
(1) universality is strong, newly found the factory and the technological transformation of original factory after all can produce modified plant fibers.Large small-scale all is fit to.
(2) spatter property: fundamentally reduced the origin cause of formation of " three wastes ", also corresponding investment and the expense of carrying out for solving " three wastes " of having saved.
(3) energy saving: except changing the raw material macromolecule being carried out first and second structural adjustment, is that three aggregated(particle) structure adjustment can be produced at normal temperatures, saves outside the energy, and the north can utilize the low advantage of winter temperature, makes freezing modification liquid by natural force.
(4) saving property: do not get rid of lignin, realized the full components utilising of raw material, improved the yield of fiber, saved raw material and the energy, product composition has ecological property more more near nature, and human the use is more conducive to health.
(5) feature of environmental protection: auxiliary agent and water consumption reduce in a large number.The combination of modified-reaction Raw be water, the composition of reactant also is not joined in the pulping raw material, but all closed circulation utilizations of the chemical substance in most of water and the water, the reactant density that contains in the water of emitting is very low, and is nontoxic material.
(6) popularity of raw material: can utilize at present that out of use a large amount of vegetable materials replace valuable timber to conserving forests, slow down the atmosphere positive role that warmed.
(7) industrialized suitability: modification speed is fast, and whole raw material is processed and can be finished in several hours, is convenient to suitability for industrialized production.
Above-mentioned advantage must be reacted on the cost of papermaking enterprise significantly descends, thereby the business and consumer is benefited.
Application example
Example 1:
The first woods compound molecular material of Inner Mongol Xianghuang Banner Co., Ltd; with 5% dryness modifier; wood powder to 65% carries out modification; the waste or used plastics of adding 35% after the stirring, is used single screw pelletizer and is carried out granulation; the polymerization timber post made from SJ-90 type list Screw Extrusion; functional, ordered by country, be used for sand prevention sand processed and seal.And regarded as national key new product in November, 2006 by the Department of Science and Technology, Department of Commerce, national quality supervision and inspection check general bureau, State Environmental Protection Administration, nuclear has been sent out certificate.
Example 2:
Beijing computer is specialized in institute's modified by biomass materials pilot plant, make raw material with cotton stalk, carry out modification with dITAN1-4 number of Inner Mongol Xianghuang Banner compound molecular material Co., Ltd development, produce the solution modification soft fibre, paste mill grinding with 55 kilowatts, carry out single stage bleaching with hydrogen peroxide, whiteness reaches 80 degree.Carry out soft treatment with softener again.This fiber is delivered to Beijing textile scientific research institute, regard as " real plant fibrillation " fibre length and protect and a bit can be used for textile industry fully.
Example 3:
Papermaking research institute of Guangxi University makes string with bagasse, is used for papermaking, and its experimental data is as follows: bleached pulp whiteness 76.5, beating degree 45 degree.
60 gram/m manufacture paper with pulp out
2Printing paper, performance is as follows:
Fracture length 7.93; Tensile index 67.3; Tear index 6.67; Burst index 2.68; Folding strength 204 times.
The military guiding principle paper company ryegrass pulping in Henan, bleached pulp whiteness 78, density 0.18, beating degree 50, hardness 60, fiber content 92%.
In the rich paper plant in Xihua of the Yellow River group, produce 200 gram magma cardboards with this Straw Pulp, measure its physical property: ring is pressed CD15KN/m
2, fracture length 6, bursting strength 3, folding strength 60 times, water and basis weight 9.
Example 4:
Hunan agriculture and forestry product industry investment management company carries out modification with 5% modifier to mixing sawdust, then press 35% plastics, 60% modified wood powder, 5% other auxiliary agents, with the 92 type extruders that Shanghai gold latitude plastics machinery factory produces, produce 1.22 * 2.44 meters standard wood-base fibre and particle panel materials.Be sent to the Beijing Chemical Research Institute and carry out Performance Detection, there is the indices of standard in every country all above national specific targets requirement, such as table 1:
Chemical building material test center of country survey report
Report number: 2007 (S) 0272008 (X), 12552008 (X) 0896
Table 1
The indices that do not require of country is also very good, and such as formaldehyde: Japan regulation F1 level is less than 0.5mg/L, F2 level 0.5-5mg/L, F3 level 5-10mg/L (mg/litre) and our material tests is 0.085mg/L; Lead content: country is 90mg/kg to the limit standard of construction material lead, and our material tests is 0.439mg/Kg; Oxygen index (OI): it is generally acknowledged that oxygen index (OI)＜22 belong to combustible material, oxygen index (OI) belongs to combustible material between 22---27, and oxygen index (OI)＞27 belong to nonflammable material, and our material tests is 27.1.So what we made is wood-based plate nontoxic, harmless, difficult combustion.
Claims (5)
1. fibrillation that the plant modification is obtained.It is characterized in that substantially keeping the main components such as the intrinsic cellulose of natural plants, hemicellulose, lignin, but changed its material kenel and processing characteristics, both can be used for making the structural material of rigidity, again can be for the manufacture of flexible paper and textile fabric.
2. make the special process of this Plants modified fibre.It is characterized in that: not boiling, only do not heat and to need at normal temperatures only to change its aggregated structure by adding the modifier that causes the hydrogen bond reaction, natural fabric is separated and sex change.
3. method of modifying claimed in claim 2 is divided into two kinds of dryness and solution modifications.Dryness modifier is selected and is bought in the dryness modification, with its be stirred in the natural plants powder can be in process modification and polymeric composite.Solution modification modifier will be dissolved in by a certain percentage in the water and react with raw material generation hydrogen bond.The modifier addition will be according to raw material type, and to the requirement of material property, the working ability of the machinery that uses is determined by experiment.Dryness modifier addition is generally the 5-8% of plant material weight; The solvent borne modification, the modifier addition is generally the 3-5% of solution weight, and the liquid-solid ratio of solution and raw material is 2-3: 1.
4. modified technique claimed in claim 2, according to the different requirements of production material category, its technological process is divided into three kinds: for the production of the rigid material fibrillation, modifier is added in the pure plant powder, modification and polymeric composite in process; To solvent borne modification will alkalize first post-modification, again defibrination, bleaching; To the plant fibrillation as weaving, then at the last adding softener of the bleaching process of solution modification, stop ten minutes to half an hour.
5. the described method of modifying of claim 2 all will add a small amount of lignin passivator.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106245399A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2016-12-21 | 陈根长 | Hydrogen bond method produces the process of wet method plant modification fibril |
| CN115852724A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-03-28 | 任长富 | Method and system for extracting plant fibers based on biological enzyme |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101831819A (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2010-09-15 | 陈根长 | New aggregative-state modified pulp and paper making process |
| CN101870819A (en) * | 2009-04-23 | 2010-10-27 | 陈根长 | Polymerization wood aggregate and manufacturing technology and method thereof |
-
2012
- 2012-03-26 CN CN2012100807986A patent/CN103362021A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101831819A (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2010-09-15 | 陈根长 | New aggregative-state modified pulp and paper making process |
| CN101870819A (en) * | 2009-04-23 | 2010-10-27 | 陈根长 | Polymerization wood aggregate and manufacturing technology and method thereof |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106245399A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2016-12-21 | 陈根长 | Hydrogen bond method produces the process of wet method plant modification fibril |
| CN115852724A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-03-28 | 任长富 | Method and system for extracting plant fibers based on biological enzyme |
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Application publication date: 20131023 |