CN103356216A - Scanning imaging method and system for computed tomography (CT) machine and CT machine - Google Patents
Scanning imaging method and system for computed tomography (CT) machine and CT machine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a scanning imaging method and system for a computed tomography (CT) machine and the CT machine. A collimator in the CT machine is provided with a first X-ray constraint hole and a second X-ray constraint hole, and the size of the second X-ray constraint hole in a machine frame rotating tangential direction is smaller than that of the first X-ray constraint hole. The scanning imaging method comprises the steps of utilizing X-rays constrained through the first X-ray constraint hole to perform primary scanning on a target area, and obtaining first image data of the target area; utilizing X-rays constrained through the second X-ray constraint hole to perform current scanning on the target area, and obtaining second image data of the target area; enabling image data in the first image data corresponding to the positions of the second image data to be replaced with the second image data, and obtaining third image data; and reestablishing currently scanned images according to the third image data. According to the technical scheme, the total X-ray radiation dosage can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of medical, particularly scanning imaging system and a kind of CT machine of the scan imaging method of a kind of computer X-ray fault imaging (computed tomography, CT) machine, a kind of CT machine.
Background technology
The CT machine is widely used in medicine and hygiene fields as a kind of armarium and to assist a physician the patient is carried out imaging.The structural representation of present a kind of CT machine has been shown among Fig. 1.As shown in Figure 1, this CT machine comprises: bottom support parts 1,2, X ray bulbs 3 of a frame (gantry), X-ray detector 4, one be arranged at the collimator 5 between X ray bulb 3 and the X-ray detector 4, a control device 6 and an equipment for reconstructing image 7.
Wherein, frame 2 is generally loop configuration, and is installed on the bottom support parts 1, can be around the axis rotation of self.Generally, the direction parallel with the axis of frame 2 is called the Z direction, will be called directions X with the horizontal direction of Z perpendicular direction, and will be respectively be called Y-direction with the perpendicular direction of directions X and Z direction.Wherein, the Z perpendicular direction is in the frame Plane of rotation.
X ray bulb 3 is installed on the frame 2, can launch X ray perpendicular to the direction of Z direction.
Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b are a structural representation of collimator 5.Wherein, Fig. 2 a is front view, and Fig. 2 b is top view.Shown in Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b, have the rectangular aperture 51 of the X ray of about beam X-ray bulb 3 emissions on this collimator 5, (in the practical application, this rectangular aperture is an approximate rectangular rectangular aperture normally to be called X ray constrained port 51.In addition, a plurality of approximate rectangular apertures at Z direction different in width also can be set on the collimator 5, to adapt to different application needs, among the present invention only take one of them approximate rectangular aperture as example), set approximate rectangular tangential direction in the frame rotation and be and set fan-shaped X-ray beam so that the X ray of X ray bulb 3 emission becomes to be in the Z direction.
When carrying out CT scan, for each scanning tangent plane (or claim tomography), generally can be first from the information of a plurality of angle acquisition destination objects, again according to from a plurality of angle acquisitions to information carry out the image reconstruction of destination object.
In order to obtain the information of a plurality of angles of destination object, usually rotated around the axis of frame 2 by control device 6 control frames, 2 drive X ray bulbs 3 and X-ray detector 4, and in rotary course, the X ray that time-based triggering or location triggered mode are controlled X ray bulb 3 emission X ray and 3 emissions of 4 pairs of X ray bulbs of X-ray detector gathers reception, realizes that the scanning triggering of multi-angle is controlled.Wherein, X ray bulb 3 emission X ray are commonly referred to projected position with the position of realizing projection, and the projected position of X ray bulb 3 emission X ray is commonly referred to projected angle with respect to the angle at default zero point.X ray bulb 3 whenever rotates a circle and the process of launching X ray is called a scan period.In the practical application, be generally the position of X positive direction default zero point.
Equipment for reconstructing image 7 is used for receiving the image information of X-ray detector 4 outputs, and carries out image reconstruction according to all projected positions are corresponding in each scan period image information and the information of projected angle thereof.
Generally, the single pass inspection comprises the scanning in two stages, and first stage is location scanning (toposcan), also is definite stage of sweep limits, is used for the angle of inclination of original position, end position and the frame of definite scanning.Second stage is tomoscan (tomoscan), i.e. the real scanning imagery stage.In second stage, generally only need carry out the single pass imaging to each tomography of target area gets final product, but in some special applications, such as contrast agent monitoring, organ perfusion and interventional therapy etc., need to carry out repeatedly multiple scanning to the same tomography of target area.
In the practical application, for the ease of image reconstruction, the sweep limits of each tomography, namely measure territory (Field of Measurement,, FOM) area-of-interest than reality is large usually, but repeatedly scans in the application of area-of-interest at above-mentioned needs, reconstructed image between the different scanning may only have area-of-interest to have image difference, and namely the overseas image of the region of interest of the reconstructed image between the different scanning nearly all is identical.Yet in the prior art, all with same sweep limits X-ray scanning is carried out in the target area, namely in each scanning, patient can accept the X-radiation of Isodose at every turn.Although this dosage is in safety range, the present invention still is devoted to further to reduce the X-radiation dosage that patient is subject to.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention proposes a kind of scan imaging method of CT machine, in order to reduce total X-radiation dosage.The present invention has proposed a kind of scanning imaging system, and a kind of CT machine of CT machine on the other hand.
The scan imaging method of the CT machine that the present invention proposes, collimator in the described CT machine is provided with first an X ray constrained port and second an X ray constrained port, the size of described the second X ray constrained port is identical with the first X ray constrained port on perpendicular to the direction of frame Plane of rotation, on the tangential direction of frame rotation less than the first X ray constrained port; The method comprises:
The X ray of utilization after the constraint of the first X ray constrained port scans for the first time to the target area, obtains the first view data of target area;
The X ray of utilization after the constraint of the second X ray constrained port carries out and ought last time scan the target area, obtains the second view data of target area;
View data corresponding with the second view data position in the first view data is replaced with the second view data, obtain the 3rd view data;
Reconstruct the image that ought last time scan according to described the 3rd view data.
Alternatively, the size of described the second X ray constrained port on the tangential direction of frame rotation determined according to statistical value or the empirical value of region of interest domain sizes.
Preferably, described the second X ray constrained port is identical with the point midway of the first X ray constrained port on the tangential direction of frame rotation.
Alternatively, the method further comprises: the image that reconstructs first scanning according to described the first view data.
The scanning imaging system of the CT machine that the present invention proposes comprises:
A collimator, it is provided with first an X ray constrained port and second an X ray constrained port, the size of described the second X ray constrained port is identical with the first X ray constrained port on perpendicular to the direction of frame Plane of rotation, on the tangential direction of frame rotation less than the first X ray constrained port;
A scanning device is used for utilizing the X ray after the constraint of collimator the first X ray constrained port that the target area is scanned for the first time, obtains the first view data of target area; Utilization to target area ought last time scan except first scanning, obtains the second view data of target area through the X ray after the constraint of collimator the second X ray constrained port;
A view data synthesis unit is used for the view data that the first view data is corresponding with the second view data position and replaces with the second view data, obtains the 3rd view data;
An equipment for reconstructing image is used for reconstructing according to described the first view data the image of first scanning, and reconstructs the image that ought last time scan according to described the 3rd view data.
Alternatively, the size of described the second X ray constrained port on the tangential direction of frame rotation determined according to statistical value or the empirical value of region of interest domain sizes.
Preferably, described the second X ray constrained port is identical with the point midway of the first X ray constrained port on the tangential direction of frame rotation.
A kind of collimator that the present invention proposes, comprise first an X ray constrained port and second an X ray constrained port, the size of described the second X ray constrained port is identical with the first X ray constrained port on perpendicular to the direction of frame Plane of rotation, on the tangential direction of frame rotation less than the first X ray constrained port; Described the first X ray constrained port is used for when the target area is scanned for the first time X ray being retrained; Described the second X ray constrained port is used for to the scanning of target area except scanning for the first time the time X ray being retrained.
The CT machine that the present invention proposes comprises the scanning imaging system of the CT machine of above-mentioned arbitrary embodiment.
From such scheme, can find out, because the present invention only adopts the first X ray constrained port that X ray is retrained to first scanning, namely adopt larger sweep limits to scan, and adopt the second X ray constrained port that X ray is retrained to follow-up multiple scanning, namely adopt less sweep limits to scan, and when carrying out image reconstruction, the first view data that the first scanning of the second view data utilization that follow up scan is obtained obtains is carried out replenishing of missing data.Thereby so that under the prerequisite that does not affect the image reconstruction quality, reduce the X-radiation dosage of follow-up multiple scanning, thereby reduce total radiation dose.
Description of drawings
The below will make clearer above-mentioned and other feature and advantage of the present invention of those of ordinary skill in the art by describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to accompanying drawing, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of present a kind of CT machine.
Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b are a structural representation of the collimator in the CT machine shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet of the scan imaging method of CT machine in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b are a structural representation of collimator in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 a to Fig. 5 e is the scanning imagery process sketch map take spherical model as example in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the scanning imaging system of CT machine in the embodiment of the invention.
Wherein, Reference numeral is as follows:
1-bottom support parts 2-frame 3-X ray tube
4-X ray detector 5-collimator 6-control device
7-equipment for reconstructing image 51-the first X ray constrained port 52-the second X ray constrained port
301-is that the first X ray constrained port arranges the second X ray constrained port
302-utilizes the X ray after 51 constraints of the first X ray constrained port that the target area is scanned for the first time, obtains the first view data
303-reconstructs the image of first scanning according to described the first view data
304-judges whether to need to continue scanning, such as needs, and execution in step 305
305-utilizes the X ray after 52 constraints of the second X ray constrained port that the target area is carried out and ought last time be scanned, and obtains the second view data
306-replaces with the second view data with view data corresponding with the second view data position in the first view data, obtains the 3rd view data
307-reconstructs the image that ought last time scan according to the 3rd view data
601-collimator 602-scanning device 603-view data synthesis unit
The 604-equipment for reconstructing image
The specific embodiment
In order to reduce the total radiation dosage of X ray, consider when same target area carried out multiple scanning, the characteristics of the reconstructed image between the different scanning, be that reconstructed image between the different scanning may only have area-of-interest to have image difference, the image that is the non-area-of-interest of the reconstructed image between the different scanning nearly all is identical, consider only larger sweep limits to be adopted in first scanning, and adopt less sweep limits to scan to follow-up multiple scanning, when carrying out image reconstruction, the view data that the first scanning of view data utilization that follow up scan is obtained obtains is carried out replenishing of missing data.Thereby so that under the prerequisite that does not affect the image reconstruction quality, reduce the X-radiation dosage of follow-up multiple scanning, thereby reduce total radiation dose.
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described in more detail by the following examples.
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet of the scan imaging method of CT machine in the embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 3, the method comprises the steps:
Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b are a structural representation of collimator in the embodiment of the invention.Wherein, Fig. 4 a is front view, and Fig. 4 b is top view.Shown in Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b, have on this collimator 5 the first X ray constrained port 51 of X ray of about beam X-ray bulb emission and one and the first X ray constrained port 51 measure-alike perpendicular to the direction of frame Plane of rotation, on the tangential direction that frame is rotated size less than the second X ray constrained port 52 of the first X ray constrained port 51.
The size of the second X ray constrained port 52 on the tangential direction of frame rotation can determine according to size statistical value or the empirical value of area-of-interest, usually more than or equal to, preferably equal area-of-interest (FOI) size statistical value or empirical value.In addition, the mid point of the second X ray constrained port 52 on the tangential direction of frame rotation can be identical at the point midway of the tangential direction of frame rotation with the first X ray constrained port 51.
In this step, driven by control device 6 control frames 2 that X ray bulbs 3 and X-ray detector 4 rotations and control X ray bulb 3 and X-ray detector 4 carry out X-ray scanning and when gathering, for first scanning, the first X ray constrained port that can utilize collimator 5 retrains the X ray of X ray bulb 3 emissions, so that X-ray detector 4 obtains the first view data of corresponding first scanning.In the practical application, also can will realize all combination of devices of X-ray scanning, as comprise that the combination of devices of above-mentioned control device 6, frame 2, X ray bulb 3 and X-ray detector 4 is called scanning device.Be in this step, can be scanned for the first time the target area by the X ray of scanning device utilization after 51 constraints of the first X ray constrained port, obtain the first view data of target area.
Fig. 5 a is for utilizing the sketch map of the first view data that obtains after the X ray after 51 constraints of the first X ray constrained port scans for the first time to a spherical model.
Step 303 reconstructs the image of first scanning according to described the first view data.
In this step, can be reconstructed by equipment for reconstructing image 7 image of first scanning according to this first view data.
Fig. 5 b is the spherical model image after rebuilding according to the first view data shown in Fig. 5 a.
Step 305 utilizes the X ray after 52 constraints of the second X ray constrained port that the target area is carried out and ought last time be scanned, and obtains the second view data of target area.
In this step, can be scanned for the first time the target area by the X ray of scanning device utilization after 52 constraints of the second X ray constrained port, obtain the second view data of target area.Equally, in this step, driven by control device 6 control frames 2 that X ray bulbs 3 and X-ray detector 4 rotations and control X ray bulb 3 and X-ray detector 4 carry out X-ray scanning and when gathering, for other time scanning except first scanning, the second X ray constrained port that can utilize collimator 5 retrains the X ray of X ray bulb 3 emissions, so that X-ray detector 4 obtains the second view data that correspondence ought last time scan, and give a view data merge cells with this second image data transmission.This view data merge cells can be arranged in equipment for reconstructing image.
The second view data that Fig. 5 c has occured to change for the X ray that utilizes after 52 constraints of the second X ray constrained port to the centre spherical model carries out obtaining after last time scanning.
Step 306 replaces with the second view data with view data corresponding with the second view data position in the first view data, obtains the 3rd view data.
In this step, can view data corresponding with the second view data position in the first view data be replaced with the second view data by a view data synthesis unit, obtain the 3rd view data.This view data synthesis unit can be arranged in equipment for reconstructing image 7, also can be positioned at outside the equipment for reconstructing image 7.
Fig. 5 d is for to replace with the 3rd view data that obtains after the second view data shown in Fig. 5 c with view data corresponding with the second view data position shown in Fig. 5 c in the first view data shown in Fig. 5 a.
Step 307 reconstructs the image that ought last time scan according to described the 3rd view data; And return execution in step 304.
In this step, can reconstruct the image that ought last time scan according to the 3rd view data by equipment for reconstructing image 7.
Fig. 5 e is the spherical model image after rebuilding according to the 3rd view data shown in Fig. 5 d.
Corresponding with the scan imaging method of CT machine shown in Figure 3, the scanning imaging system of the CT machine in the embodiment of the invention can as shown in Figure 6, comprise: a collimator 601, a scanning device 602, a view data synthesis unit 603 and an equipment for reconstructing image 604.
Wherein, collimator 601 includes the first X ray constrained port, and the first X ray constrained port of corresponding collimator 601 is provided with second an X ray constrained port, this second X ray constrained port the Z perpendicular direction on measure-alike with the first X ray constrained port on the direction of frame Plane of rotation, tangential direction in XY plane frame rotation size less than the second less X ray constrained port of the first X ray constrained port.The size of the second X ray constrained port on the tangential direction of XY plane frame rotation can be determined according to statistical value or the empirical value of region of interest size.In addition, the second X ray constrained port can be identical with the point midway of the first X ray constrained port on the tangential direction of frame rotation at the mid point on the tangential direction of frame rotation.
View data synthesis unit 603 is used for the view data that the first view data is corresponding with the second view data position and replaces with the second view data, obtains the 3rd view data.This view data synthesis unit 603 can be arranged in equipment for reconstructing image 604, also can be positioned at outside the equipment for reconstructing image 604.It can be the hardware configuration circuit, also can be the storage medium that stores for realizing the computer program code that view data is synthetic.
Equipment for reconstructing image 604 is used for reconstructing according to described the first view data the image of first scanning; And, reconstruct the image that ought last time scan according to described the 3rd view data.
CT machine in the embodiment of the invention can comprise the scanning imaging system of the CT machine of above-mentioned arbitrary embodiment.
The invention discloses a kind of scan imaging method, scanning imaging system and CT machine of CT machine.Wherein, the scan imaging method of CT machine comprises: the collimator in the described CT machine is provided with first an X ray constrained port and second an X ray constrained port, the size of described the second X ray constrained port is identical with the first X ray constrained port on perpendicular to the direction of frame Plane of rotation, on the tangential direction of frame rotation less than the first X ray constrained port; The method comprises: utilize the X ray after the constraint of the first X ray constrained port that the target area is scanned for the first time, obtain the first view data of target area; The X ray of utilization after the constraint of the second X ray constrained port carries out and ought last time scan the target area, obtains the second view data of target area; View data corresponding with the second view data position in the first view data is replaced with the second view data, obtain the 3rd view data; Reconstruct the image that ought last time scan according to described the 3rd view data.。
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the scan imaging method of a CT machine, collimator in the described CT machine is provided with first an X ray constrained port and second an X ray constrained port, the size of described the second X ray constrained port is identical with the first X ray constrained port on perpendicular to the direction of frame Plane of rotation, on the tangential direction of frame rotation less than the first X ray constrained port; The method comprises:
The X ray of utilization after the constraint of the first X ray constrained port scans for the first time to the target area, obtains the first view data of target area;
The X ray of utilization after the constraint of the second X ray constrained port carries out and ought last time scan the target area, obtains the second view data of target area;
View data corresponding with the second view data position in the first view data is replaced with the second view data, obtain the 3rd view data;
Reconstruct the image that ought last time scan according to described the 3rd view data.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the size of described the second X ray constrained port on the tangential direction of frame rotation determined according to statistical value or the empirical value of region of interest domain sizes.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described the second X ray constrained port is identical with the point midway of the first X ray constrained port on the tangential direction of frame rotation.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the method further comprises: the image that reconstructs first scanning according to described the first view data.
5. the scanning imaging system of a CT machine comprises:
A collimator (5,601), it is provided with first an X ray constrained port (51) and second an X ray constrained port (52), the size of described the second X ray constrained port is identical with the first X ray constrained port on perpendicular to the direction of frame Plane of rotation, on the tangential direction of frame rotation less than the first X ray constrained port;
A scanning device (602) is used for utilizing the X ray after the constraint of collimator (5,601) the first X ray constrained port (51) that the target area is scanned for the first time, obtains the first view data of target area; Utilization to target area ought last time scan except first scanning, obtains the second view data of target area through the X ray after the constraint of collimator (5,601) the second X ray constrained port (52);
A view data synthesis unit (603) is used for the view data that the first view data is corresponding with the second view data position and replaces with the second view data, obtains the 3rd view data;
An equipment for reconstructing image (604) is used for reconstructing according to described the first view data the image of first scanning, and reconstructs the image that ought last time scan according to described the 3rd view data.
6. system according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the size of described the second X ray constrained port (52) on the tangential direction of frame rotation determined according to statistical value or the empirical value of region of interest domain sizes.
7. according to claim 5 or 6 described systems, it is characterized in that described the second X ray constrained port (52) is identical with the point midway of the first X ray constrained port on the tangential direction of frame rotation.
8. a CT machine comprises such as each described scanning imaging system in the claim 5 to 7.
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