CN1033513A - Become the job operation and the numerically-controlled machine of arc envelope hourglass worm profile of tooth - Google Patents
Become the job operation and the numerically-controlled machine of arc envelope hourglass worm profile of tooth Download PDFInfo
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- CN1033513A CN1033513A CN 87107514 CN87107514A CN1033513A CN 1033513 A CN1033513 A CN 1033513A CN 87107514 CN87107514 CN 87107514 CN 87107514 A CN87107514 A CN 87107514A CN 1033513 A CN1033513 A CN 1033513A
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- tooth
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- turntable
- flank profil
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of numerically-controlled machine that becomes the job operation of arc envelope hourglass worm profile of tooth and realize the method.Become the arc envelope and be meant that in same envelope process, tool plane carries out envelope along the camber line of different radii to the hourglass worm flank profil, to reach the entrance point tip relief, the purpose that perform region flank profil and endpiece tip relief three-procedure are realized in one stroke.The method of tip relief is to realize by the radius that changes the envelope plane motion.This numerically-controlled machine comprises the general architectural feature of existing numerically controlled lathe, and the turntable of design on saddle can form the driving-chain of realizing becoming the processing of arc envelope with the motion of lathe X, Z coordinate.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of metal-cutting machining method and equipment, particularly to the processing and the numerically-controlled machine thereof of cambered plane enveloping worm profile of tooth.
When processing plane envelope hourglass worm profile of tooth, owing to be subjected to the constraint of its equipment driving-chain, only can adopt the plane decide the process processing of arc envelope, promptly only can be in operation with the fixing planar envelope worm screw flank profil of circular motion in edge.The processing of worm screw profile of tooth comprises: the machining worm work tooth portion-left side entrance point is carried out the tip relief-right side endpiece is carried out the tip relief-right side entrance point is carried out the tip relief-left side endpiece is carried out tip relief.Accompanying drawing 1 is a cambered plane enveloping worm profile of tooth conventional machining process synoptic diagram.Figure a is the processing left flank; Figure b is the processing right flank; Figure c is right side entrance point tip relief; Figure d is left side entrance point tip relief; Figure e is left side endpiece tip relief; Figure f is right side endpiece tip relief.During tip relief, because the change of parameter (or become centre distance, or become circular pitch), must adjust lathe.When to the tip relief of the left and right sides flank difference, must adjust the working position of cutter or emery wheel again.Thereby this tip relief process will expend a large amount of man-hours, and adjusts frequently, and work efficiency is extremely low, is the main crux of traditional handicraft method.In addition,, be mostly to adopt the envelope method for grinding identical to grind profile with worm screw for the manufacturing of cambered plane enveloping worm transmission and worm gear hob thereof, and then independent sharpening tooth back, keeping land, its technology is extremely unstable, solid tool sharpening difficulty.Inserted cutter is the reseting precision behind the assurance sharpening, and the Tool Design complexity is difficult to make.
The equipment of existing processing plane envelope hourglass worm profile of tooth is divided into two types: the one, the hobbing machine repacking, repacking the hobboing cutter main shaft into work spindle, cutter (lathe tool, milling cutter or grinding carriage) is contained on the workpiece turntable of hobbing machine.Because hobbing machine principal post guide rail is narrow, tool holder stiffness is relatively poor, and its transmission and structure are all restricted, and can not adapt to the processing of major diameter and microscler worm screw; The 2nd, the repacking of lathe type lathe, this kind reforming mode is more general, and the work spindle good rigidly is fit to the processing of microscler and major diameter worm screw.But the machine reformation workload is big, must preparation turntable and corresponding kinematic train and adjusting mechanism.
More than two kinds of modification schemes following shortcoming is all arranged: the one, the lathe job specification is little, for the worm screw of satisfying the common central distance is made, must transform many lathes, and the investment for trnasforming urban land of big centre distance lathe is big; The 2nd, can only use traditional process processing, the lathe adjustment is frequent, and work efficiency is low, and the cycle is long, the cost height.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of numerically-controlled machine that becomes arc envelope process processing plane envelope hourglass worm profile of tooth and realize this kind method that adopts.
Technical solution of the present invention is such: adopt one can realize that the numerically-controlled machine that becomes the arc envelope movement decomposes the main motion of hourglass worm envelope process, utilize Numeric Control Technology each motion to be made up again, to realize becoming arc envelope process by the mathematic(al) mode that change arc envelope needs.Becoming the arc envelope is meant in same envelope process, tool plane carries out envelope along the camber line of different radii to the hourglass worm flank profil, to reach the purpose that entrance point tip relief, perform region flank profil and endpiece tip relief three-procedure are realized in one stroke.Employed tip relief method is to realize by the radius that changes the envelope plane motion.
Now in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is made detailed description:
Accompanying drawing 2 is for becoming arc envelope processing technology synoptic diagram.Among the figure, a is that left flank becomes the processing of arc envelope; B is that right flank becomes the processing of arc envelope.When the flank profil of envelope right side, entrance point tip relief district (in the φ r angle) used and to be reduced radius, enter work flank profil district () at φ the angle in and use selected radius, endpiece tip relief district (in the φ c angle) use increased radius; Then opposite when the flank profil of envelope left side, entrance point tip relief district () use increased radius at φ r the angle in, enter work flank profil district () at φ the angle in use select radius, endpiece tip relief district (in the φ c angle) use reduces radius.The essence of conversion radius is to change pitch under the constant situation of ratio of gear.When elected periodical repair edge amount (Δ fr, Δ fc) and tip relief district cornerite (φ r, φ c), then radius increment Delta R can be drawn by following formula:
ΔRr＝- (Δfr)/(φr) ΔRc＝ (Δfc)/(φc)
In the formula: Δ fr, Δ fc see Table one
φr＝ (2φr)/(mz) φc＝ (2φc)/(mz)
In the formula: φ r, φ c see Table two
Annotate: worm screw nibbles outlet tip relief value Δ fc=2/3 Δ fr
Annotate: P-worm-gear toothing distance in the table, millimeter.
Become arc envelope process and use radius R+Δ Rr into entrance point tip relief district (φ r district), work tooth portion uses the cutter enveloping worm flank profil right flank of radius R+three sections movements in a curve of Δ Rc with R, endpiece tip relief district (φ c district); At entrance point radius R+Δ Rc, the work tooth R of portion, the endpiece left flank of tooth of the cutter enveloping worm flank profil of radius R+three sections movements in a curve of Δ Rr, left and right flank is all realized the envelope of final profile in one stroke.
When the machining worm profile of tooth, Workpiece Rotating θ angle, the cutter turntable then rotates the ψ angle, its principle of work as shown in Figure 3:
φ＝ (k)/(z) θ＝iθ
In the formula: k-number of threads, the z-worm screw number of teeth.
The corresponding mobile X in turntable center, Y distance become with R its track
0Be the circular arc of radius, that is:
X
i＝R
0Sinφi y
i＝R
0COSφ
i
In the formula: d-shaping circular diameter.
The L-tool plane is from turntable centre distance.
α-central plane teeth groove half-angle.
When becoming the arc envelope, make the turntable center move X, Y distance at entrance point or endpiece, with R
0+ Δ Rr and R
0+ Δ Rc replaces R
0When the turntable cutter entered φ r district, Xi=(R was pressed at the turntable center
0+ Δ Rr) Sin φ i, Yi=(R
0+ Δ Rr) COS φ i moves; When changing work tooth district over to, Xi=R is pressed at the turntable center
0Sin φ i, Yi=R
0COS φ i moves; When entering φ c district, Xi=(R is pressed at the turntable center
0+ Δ Rc) Sin φ i, Yi=(R
0+ Δ Rc) COS φ i moves.
Become the arc envelope method except that final grinding, also be applicable to the roughing and the semi-finishing operation of carrying out with turning and milling mode.When adopting change arc envelope processes worm gear hob cutter tooth back, should make crossfeed except that by deciding the arc orbiting motion, also to add relief grinding action, and guarantee the precision that it resets.Its relief grinding quality is still pressed the relief angle of hobboing cutter cutter tooth and is determined.
Be difficult to realize becoming arc envelope process with traditional lathe, in the one-pass process, switch the envelope radius of a circle automatically and accurately, have only the application Numeric Control Technology.The present invention also provides a kind of and can realize to become the numerically-controlled machine of arc envelope processes cambered plane enveloping worm profile of tooth.This numerically-controlled machine comprises the general structure of existing numerically controlled lathe, and has existing CNC lathe's function.Accompanying drawing 4 is the front elevation of this numerically-controlled machine, and accompanying drawing 5 is a vertical view.This numerically-controlled machine is lubricated by numerical control tank 1, selective headstock 2, main shaft 3, slip crate 4, middle carriage 5, bistrique (milling head, tool holder) 6, saddle 7, turntable 8, lathe bed 9, tailstock 10, pulse producer 11, electrical control cubicles 12, leading screw 13, table servo motor 14, middle carriage servomotor 15, saddle servomotor 16 and other, the chip removal cooling system is formed.Bistrique, carriage arbor can be changed, and according to the processing technology needs, install respectively on turntable, can finish car, grind, mill machining functions.The principal character of this numerically-controlled machine is to have designed a turntable 8 on the saddle 7 of existing numerically controlled lathe, this turntable 8 is done the Y-axis gyration by the pulse producer 11 instruction table servo motors 14 drive turntables 8 of spindle of numerical control lathe afterbody, makes it to form the driving-chain that is suitable for becoming the processing of arc envelope with the motion of X, Z coordinate.
This numerically-controlled machine adopts Computerized digital control system, technical parameter according to cambered plane enveloping worm, program, make tape or paper tape, with the digital control system of tape or paper-tapte reader bed, send command signal after treatment again, import servomotor into, press each gear train of signal driving bed of main shaft pulser 11, realize becoming the arc envelope movement.Servomotor has three, and servomotor 16 drives saddle 7 and does the lengthwise movement of Z coordinate; Servomotor 15 drives middle carriage 5 and does the transverse movement of X coordinate; Servomotor 14 drives turntable and does the gyration of Y coordinate.For the ease of operation, this machine tool numerical control system requires following function in software setting: the motion of each coordinate all has digital demonstration, and its indicating accuracy is 0.01mm, should keep the coordinate in length and breadth of lathe original start, so that the adjusting process position; Each coordinate all can be made initial point by oneself, then enters matching status; (m-modulus, A-centre distance, i-speed ratio, n-worm screw are contained the number of teeth, R in the input important technological parameters
0-shaping radius of circle) afterwards, each servo-drive system just can enter matching status by the program curing of computing machine.
Become arc envelope process repeatedly tip relief operation is concentrated, improved the work efficiency of worm screw tooth Profile Machining greatly, reduced cost, shortened the manufacturing cycle of worm screw.This numerically-controlled machine has been expanded the range of work of lathe owing to do not adopt traditional pure mechanical drive, has simplified lathe series.Realize becoming the arc envelope with numerical control, compact conformation, volume is little, has reduced equipment investment.Simultaneously,, reduced many adjusting gears,, need only can guarantee by the setting of initial point, thereby simplify operation as the adjustment in length and breadth of the turntable centre of gyration because numerical control is more flexible.In addition, this lathe can realize that reciprocating stroke all processes, and reduces idle running, has improved work efficiency.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of job operation that becomes arc envelope hourglass worm profile of tooth that adopts, it is characterized in that when the machining worm profile of tooth, tool plane carries out envelope along the camber line of different radii to the hourglass worm flank profil, the entrance point tip relief of the left and right sides flank of tooth, the processing of perform region flank profil and endpiece tip relief three-procedure are finished in one stroke, and its concrete steps are:
A, when processing right side flank profil, use with entrance point tip relief district to reduce radius R+Δ Rr, enter work flank profil district and use selected radius R and endpiece tip relief district to use three sections movements in a curve of increased radius R+ Δ Rc to come enveloping worm flank profil right flank,
B, when the flank profil of processing left side, use increased radius R+ Δ Rc, enter work flank profil district and use selected radius R and endpiece tip relief district to use to reduce radius R+two sections movements in a curve of Δ Rr and come the left flank of enveloping worm flank profil with entrance point tip relief district,
C, when the turntable cutter enters φ r district, Xi=(R is pressed at the turntable center
0+ Δ Rc) Sin φ i, Yi=(R
0+ Δ Rr) COS φ i track moves; When the turntable cutter entered work flank profil district, moved by Xi=RSin φ i, Yi=COS φ i track at the turntable center; When the turntable cutter entered φ c district, Xi=(R was pressed at the turntable center
0+ Δ Rc) Sin φ i, Yi (R
0+ Δ Rc) COS φ i track moves.
2, a kind of job operation of change arc envelope hourglass worm profile of tooth as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that this method except that final grinding, also is suitable for the roughing or the semi-finishing operation of carrying out with turning or milling mode.
3, a kind of job operation of change arc envelope hourglass worm profile of tooth as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that when adopting this method machining worm wheel hobboing cutter cutter tooth back, should make crossfeed except that by deciding the arc orbiting motion, also to add relief grinding action, and guarantee that the precision that it resets, its relief grinding amount press the relief angle of hobboing cutter cutter tooth and determine.
4, a kind of numerically-controlled machine that becomes arc envelope processes cambered plane enveloping worm profile of tooth that adopts, it is characterized in that this lathe is by numerical control tank (1), selective headstock (2), main shaft (3), slip crate (4), middle carriage (5), saddle (7), lathe bed (9), tailstock (10), pulse producer (11), electrical control cubicles (12), leading screw (13), middle carriage servomotor (15), saddle servomotor (16) and lubricated, the chip removal cooling system is formed, on lathe, also be provided with a table servo motor (14), one by making it and X that the pulse producer that is contained in the main shaft afterbody (11) instruction table servo motor (14) drives, the motion of Z coordinate forms the turntable (8) that is suitable for becoming arc envelope machining locus, on turntable (8), be provided with interchangeable bistrique (or milling head, or tool holder) (6).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87107514 CN1033513A (en) | 1987-12-17 | 1987-12-17 | Become the job operation and the numerically-controlled machine of arc envelope hourglass worm profile of tooth |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87107514 CN1033513A (en) | 1987-12-17 | 1987-12-17 | Become the job operation and the numerically-controlled machine of arc envelope hourglass worm profile of tooth |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1033513A true CN1033513A (en) | 1989-06-28 |
Family
ID=4816123
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87107514 Pending CN1033513A (en) | 1987-12-17 | 1987-12-17 | Become the job operation and the numerically-controlled machine of arc envelope hourglass worm profile of tooth |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1033513A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101920362A (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2010-12-22 | 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 | Method for machining normal straight profile cylindrical worm by using horizontal lathe |
| CN102179553A (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2011-09-14 | 东莞泰星五金制品厂有限公司 | Rigid mill of screw rod |
| CN106438927A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2017-02-22 | 耐世特汽车系统（苏州）有限公司 | Worm workblank machining piece for automobile steering system and molding method of worm workblank machining piece |
| CN109396567A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-03-01 | 重庆大学 | The digital envelope method of worm abrasion wheel profile is determined in correction of the flank shape cycloid gear generating grinding |
| CN116060704A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2023-05-05 | 成振科技有限公司 | Processing device for long drum type worm shaft |
-
1987
- 1987-12-17 CN CN 87107514 patent/CN1033513A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101920362A (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2010-12-22 | 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 | Method for machining normal straight profile cylindrical worm by using horizontal lathe |
| CN102179553A (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2011-09-14 | 东莞泰星五金制品厂有限公司 | Rigid mill of screw rod |
| CN106438927A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2017-02-22 | 耐世特汽车系统（苏州）有限公司 | Worm workblank machining piece for automobile steering system and molding method of worm workblank machining piece |
| CN109396567A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-03-01 | 重庆大学 | The digital envelope method of worm abrasion wheel profile is determined in correction of the flank shape cycloid gear generating grinding |
| CN109396567B (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-04-28 | 重庆大学 | Digital envelope method for determining profile of worm grinding wheel in generating grinding of shape-modified cycloid gear |
| CN116060704A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2023-05-05 | 成振科技有限公司 | Processing device for long drum type worm shaft |
| CN116060704B (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2023-08-18 | 成振科技有限公司 | Processing device for long drum type worm shaft |
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