CN103351068B - The ultrafiltration pretreatment technique of Black Liquor by Electrodialysis alkali collection during pulp manufactures - Google Patents
The ultrafiltration pretreatment technique of Black Liquor by Electrodialysis alkali collection during pulp manufactures Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention proposes the ultrafiltration pretreatment technique of the Black Liquor by Electrodialysis alkali collection in the manufacture of a kind of pulp, it is characterized in that: naoh concentration is that the black digestion liquid of 8 ~ 30g/L first removes oarse-grained material by the method for flocculation, reclaim xylogen through ultrafiltration again and retain the pollutent of macromolecule, gained is used for follow-up electrodialysis process containing the permeate of NaOH.The present invention produces the characteristic containing hemicellulose colourity is high, basicity is high, saliferous is high, COD load is high according to viscose fiber in digestion process, first pre-treatment is carried out to black liquor, make pretreated black liquor index be applicable to follow-up electrodialysis alkali recovery process, the object that alkali recovery is high, energy consumption is low, stable can be reached.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Waste recovery technical field in pulp manufacture, be specifically related to a kind of ultrafiltration pretreatment technique of the Black Liquor by Electrodialysis alkali collection be applicable in pulp manufacture.
Background technology
Viscose fiber is the man-made fiber utilizing macromolecular material wood pulp, cotton pulp etc. containing natural cellulose to process through chemistry and mechanical means.Viscose fiber is kind the most close with natural fiber clothes performance in chemical fibre, have soft, moisture absorption is breathed freely, it is elegant to overhang, bright, be antistaticly comparatively easy to the features such as textile process, being come from sky but be better than natural regenerated cellulose fibre, is one of important materials of textile industry raw material.China has viscose fiber enterprise about 40 at present, and except production common viscose fiber (long filament, staple fibre) and high-tenacity fibre, the viscose fiber of high wet modulus fibrid and special property also has production.
A large amount of industrial chemicals is needed in production process of viscose fiber, a large amount of waste water can be produced, these waste water contain sulfuric acid, zinc sulfate, dithiocarbonic anhydride, Mierocrystalline cellulose, dissolved organic matter etc., and all producing very large harm to environment, is one of primary pollution source of textile industry.
In slurrying dregs of rice process, carry out boiling with highly basic (NaOH) solution to linters, remove impurity, the waste lye part produced after boiling can be back to use next rotary spherical digester, and another part is discharged, because its color is called black liquor very deeply washing in material.The main component of black liquor is the basic degradation products of Mierocrystalline cellulose and hemicellulose, as the sodium salt of uronic acid, humic acids, low molecular organic acids.The characteristic feature of viscose glue black liquor is " four is high ", and namely colourity is high, basicity is high, saliferous is high, COD load is high.Black digestion liquid is the primary pollution source in pulping process, accounts for 90% of whole pollution load.Because black liquor alkalinity is high, be first that salkali waste is reclaimed to its individual curing usually, the total blowdown load of Shi Jiang factory can reduce 80% ~ 85%, reclaim contained chemical substance in the heat energy that in black liquor, organic compound combustion produces and black liquor simultaneously.
201210486339.8, the application for a patent for invention that name is called " a kind of viscose fiber produce in the secondary treatment method of waste alkali liquor ", this patent will be pretreated through routine, naoh concentration is 70 ~ 90g/L, waste alkali liquor and the de-mineralized water of half fibre content 60 ~ 70g/L are delivered to diffusion dialysis membrane stack respectively, carry out diffusion dialysis, described pre-treatment waste lye and the throughput ratio of de-mineralized water are 1 ~ 2:1, be separated by the alkali lye of the alkali lye of low hemicellulose concentration with the fine concentration of height half after diffusion dialysis, the alkali lye of described low hemicellulose concentration is back to production.During this patent adopts the method for diffusion dialysis to produce viscose fiber, waste alkali liquor reclaims, before diffusion dialysis, ordinary method is adopted to carry out pre-treatment to waste lye, but, reclaim waste lye by electrodialytic method at present, also be not widely used in viscose fiber is produced, because the chemical composition in viscose fiber waste lye is different from general black liquor, use conventional pretreated alkali lye, electrodialytic technical requirements can not be met, the result of process is undesirable, and alkali recovery is not high.
03116940.6, the patent of invention that name is called " one reclaims alkali and organic method from pulp waste liquid ", discloses one from pulp waste liquid, reclaims alkali and organic method.It is 20 ~ 60 DEG C that method of the present invention to comprise the steps: pulp waste liquid in temperature, and pressure is be separated through solid film separating system under the condition of 1.5 ~ 3.0 MPas, obtains trapped fluid that organic concentration is 90 grams per liters and the permeate containing sodium hydroxide; Permeate containing sodium hydroxide is back to pulp and produces; Containing organic trapped fluid evaporation concentration, prepare high value added product by successive modified technique.This patent does not take into full account the singularity of the chemical composition in viscose fiber waste lye equally, uses the alkali recovery of the further membrane sepn of conventional pretreated alkali lye low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned technical problem, propose the ultrafiltration pretreatment technique of the Black Liquor by Electrodialysis alkali collection in the manufacture of a kind of pulp, in digestion process, the characteristic containing hemicellulose colourity is high, basicity is high, saliferous is high, COD load is high is produced according to viscose fiber, first pre-treatment is carried out to black liquor, make pretreated black liquor index be applicable to follow-up electrodialysis alkali recovery process, the object that alkali recovery is high, energy consumption is low, stable can be reached.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The ultrafiltration pretreatment technique of the Black Liquor by Electrodialysis alkali collection during pulp manufactures, it is characterized in that: naoh concentration is that the black digestion liquid of 8 ~ 30g/L first removes oarse-grained material by the method for flocculation, reclaim xylogen through ultrafiltration again and retain the pollutent of macromolecule, gained is used for follow-up electrodialysis process containing the permeate of NaOH.
Described black liquor is the black digestion liquid during pulp manufactures, and this pulp is for the production of viscose fiber.
In described black liquor, suspension content 300 ~ 700mg/L, total alkali 1.4 ~ 2.2%, organic acid content 0.4 ~ 0.9%, COD=5000 ~ 100000mg/L.
In black liquor after pretreatment, naoh concentration is 5 ~ 25g/L, and half fibre content is less than 10g/L.
Because impurity in black liquor reduces, follow-up electrodialysis operation is easily carried out, and effectively reduces power consumption, and the rate of recovery is higher.
Described flocculation refers to, adds flocculation agent, stir in black digestion liquid, leaves standstill 15 ~ 30min, and precipitation and the clear boundary of supernatant liquid, get the limpid waste lye in upper strata.
Described stirring velocity is 50 ~ 150r/min, time 5 ~ 15min.Contribute to flocculation agent fully to react.
The temperature of described flocculation is 20 ~ 30 DEG C, and pH value is 7 ~ 9.
Described flocculation agent is the composite flocculation agent of polymerize aluminum chloride, bodied ferric sulfate and polyacrylamide, and its component ratio is 4:2:1.This composite flocculation agent is good especially to the cellulose family organic matter flocculation effect in viscose fiber black liquor.
The consumption of described flocculation agent is 5 ~ 10mg/L.Select this injected volume according to the content of suspended substance in viscose fiber black liquor, the flocs unit obtained is large, and flocculating effect is good, can not reduce flocculating effect on the contrary because of excessive input.
After it fully precipitates, get the COD value that supernatant liquid surveys its waste liquid and be down to 780 ~ 900 mg/L from 5000 ~ 100000mg/l, COD0 clearance is more than 85%.Therefore, this process can make most suspended substances matter generation sludge-like precipitation in black liquid separate out from waste liquid effectively.And can remove portion colourity, reclaim xylogen simultaneously.
Described Ultra filtration membrane system uses hollow fiber form membrane module.
The service temperature of described ultrafiltration is temperature is 20 ~ 40 DEG C, and pressure is 0.05 ~ 0.5Mpa.
Described ultrafiltration, the flow of black liquor is 70 ~ 90 L/h.
The membrane pore size of described ultra-filtration membrane is 0.001 ~ 0.02 μm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention is manufactured on the characteristic producing the high density salkali waste containing hemicellulose in digestion process according to pulp, adopt the pretreatment technology of flocculation-ultrafiltration, the index of black liquor is made to be applicable to follow-up electrodialysis alkali recovery process, thus reduce the viscosity of waste liquid, effective reduction energy consumption, improves osmotic efficiency, stable.
2, due to black liquor that viscose fiber produces in digestion process: suspension content 300 ~ 700mg/L, total alkali 1.4 ~ 2.2%, organic acid content 0.4 ~ 0.9%, COD=5000 ~ 100000mg/L, has high containing hemicellulose colourity, that basicity is high, saliferous is high, COD load is high characteristic.According to this characteristic, the present invention have selected the special process parameter system of optimization, first remove the suspended substance in black liquor by flocculation, reduce COD value, COD clearance is more than 85%, the large granular impurity in waste lye is removed through flame filter press, carry out initial filter by diffusion dialysis to waste lye again, in black liquor after pretreatment, naoh concentration is 5 ~ 25g/L, and half fibre content is less than 10g/L, meet electrodialysis requirement, alkali lye can be reclaimed better.
3, leaving standstill 15 ~ 30min in flocculation process of the present invention, is the abundant flocculating settling in order to ensure the impurity such as organism, with waste lye layering and separating, good separating effect.
4, the stirring velocity that the present invention controls to flocculate is 50 ~ 150r/min, time 5 ~ 15min.Contribute to the abundant reaction of flocculation agent, large granular impurity fully flocculates at short notice, and flocculating effect is good.
5, the flocculation agent that the present invention is used is the composite flocculation agent of polymerize aluminum chloride, bodied ferric sulfate and polyacrylamide, and its component ratio is 4:2:1.This composite flocculation agent is good especially to the cellulose family organic matter flocculation effect in viscose fiber black liquor.
6, the present invention controls the consumption of flocculation agent is 5 ~ 10mg/L.Select this injected volume according to suspension content 6 ~ 9% in viscose fiber black liquor, the flocs unit obtained is large, and flocculating effect is good, can not reduce flocculating effect on the contrary because of excessive input.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, essentiality content of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
The ultrafiltration pretreatment technique of the Black Liquor by Electrodialysis alkali collection during pulp manufactures: naoh concentration is that the black digestion liquid of 8g/L first removes oarse-grained material by the method for flocculation, reclaim xylogen through ultrafiltration again and retain the pollutent of macromolecule, gained is used for follow-up electrodialysis process containing the permeate of NaOH.
Embodiment 2
The ultrafiltration pretreatment technique of the Black Liquor by Electrodialysis alkali collection during pulp manufactures: naoh concentration is that the black digestion liquid of 30g/L first removes oarse-grained material by the method for flocculation, reclaim xylogen through ultrafiltration again and retain the pollutent of macromolecule, gained is used for follow-up electrodialysis process containing the permeate of NaOH.
In black liquor after pretreatment, naoh concentration is 25g/L, and half fibre content is 7.9g/L.
Embodiment 3
The ultrafiltration pretreatment technique of the Black Liquor by Electrodialysis alkali collection during pulp manufactures, it is characterized in that: naoh concentration is that the black digestion liquid of 20g/L first removes oarse-grained material by the method for flocculation, reclaim xylogen through ultrafiltration again and retain the pollutent of macromolecule, gained is used for follow-up electrodialysis process containing the permeate of NaOH.
In black liquor after pretreatment, naoh concentration is 19g/L, and half fibre content is 8.5g/L.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 3, on this basis:
Described flocculation refers to, adds flocculation agent, stir in black digestion liquid, leaves standstill 15min, and precipitation and the clear boundary of supernatant liquid, get the limpid waste lye in upper strata.
In black liquor after pretreatment, naoh concentration is 5g/L, and half fibre content is 3g/L.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 3, on this basis:
Described flocculation refers to, adds flocculation agent, stir in black digestion liquid, leaves standstill 30min, and precipitation and the clear boundary of supernatant liquid, get the limpid waste lye in upper strata.
Described stirring velocity is 50r/min, time 5min.Contribute to flocculation agent fully to react.
The temperature of described flocculation is 20 DEG C, and pH value is 7.
Described flocculation agent is the composite flocculation agent of polymerize aluminum chloride, bodied ferric sulfate and polyacrylamide, and its component ratio is 4:2:1.
The consumption of described flocculation agent is 6mg/L.
In black liquor after pretreatment, naoh concentration is 17g/L, and half fibre content is 6.7g/L.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 3, on this basis:
Described flocculation refers to, adds flocculation agent, stir in black digestion liquid, leaves standstill 25min, and precipitation and the clear boundary of supernatant liquid, get the limpid waste lye in upper strata.
Described stirring velocity is 150r/min, time 15min.Contribute to flocculation agent fully to react.
The temperature of described flocculation is 30 DEG C, and pH value is 9.
Described flocculation agent is the composite flocculation agent of polymerize aluminum chloride, bodied ferric sulfate and polyacrylamide, and its component ratio is 4:2:1.
The consumption of described flocculation agent is 5mg/L.
In black liquor after pretreatment, naoh concentration is 18g/L, and half fibre content is 6.5g/L.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 3, on this basis:
Described flocculation refers to, adds flocculation agent, stir in black digestion liquid, leaves standstill 20min, and precipitation and the clear boundary of supernatant liquid, get the limpid waste lye in upper strata.
Described stirring velocity is 100r/min, time 10min.Contribute to flocculation agent fully to react.
The temperature of described flocculation is 25 DEG C, and pH value is 8.
Described flocculation agent is the composite flocculation agent of polymerize aluminum chloride, bodied ferric sulfate and polyacrylamide, and its component ratio is 4:2:1.
The consumption of described flocculation agent is 10mg/L.
In black liquor after pretreatment, naoh concentration is 15g/L, and half fibre content is 8.4g/L.
Embodiment 8
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 7, on this basis:
Described Ultra filtration membrane system uses hollow fiber form membrane module.
The service temperature of described ultrafiltration is 20 DEG C, and pressure is 0.05Mpa.
In black liquor after pretreatment, naoh concentration is 12g/L, and half fibre content is 5.7g/L.
Embodiment 9
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 7, on this basis:
Described Ultra filtration membrane system uses hollow fiber form membrane module.
The service temperature of described ultrafiltration is 30 DEG C, and pressure is 0.2Mpa.
Described ultrafiltration, the flow of black liquor is 70L/h.
The membrane pore size of described ultra-filtration membrane is 0.001 μm.
In black liquor after pretreatment, naoh concentration is 13g/L, and half fibre content is 6.4g/L.
Embodiment 10
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 7, on this basis:
Described Ultra filtration membrane system uses hollow fiber form membrane module.
The service temperature of described ultrafiltration is 40 DEG C, and pressure is 0.5Mpa.
Described ultrafiltration, the flow of black liquor is 75 L/h.
The membrane pore size of described ultra-filtration membrane is 0.02 μm.
In black liquor after pretreatment, naoh concentration is 22g/L, and half fibre content is 7.8g/L.
Embodiment 11
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 7, on this basis:
Described Ultra filtration membrane system uses hollow fiber form membrane module.
The service temperature of described ultrafiltration is 35 DEG C, and pressure is 0.1Mpa.
Described ultrafiltration, the flow of black liquor is 90L/h.
The membrane pore size of described ultra-filtration membrane is 0.015 μm.
In black liquor after pretreatment, naoh concentration is 21g/L, and half fibre content is 6.4g/L.
Embodiment 12
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 11, on this basis:
Waste lye after pretreatment and de-mineralized water are entered membrane module by the throughput ratio of 1.8:1 by pump and is delivered to electrodialysis film group device, carry out electrodialysis and reclaim alkali lye.
Described waste lye and de-mineralized water enter electrodialysis film group device in the mode of cross-flow.
Recovery concentration of lye after electrodialysis is 298g/L, and containing half fine 6.8g/L, recycle of alkali liquor rate is 85%.
Embodiment 13
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 11, on this basis:
Waste lye after pretreatment and de-mineralized water are entered membrane module by the throughput ratio of 2:1 by pump and is delivered to electrodialysis film group device, carry out electrodialysis and reclaim alkali lye.
Described waste lye and de-mineralized water enter electrodialysis film group device in the mode of cross-flow.
Described electrodialytic temperature is 25 DEG C.
The gauge pressure of described pump is 0.06Mpa.
Flux of alkaline liquor is 800L/h, and de-mineralized water flow is 600L/h.
Described electrodialysis impressed DC voltage, magnitude of voltage is 40V, and current value is 92A, and interelectrode distance is 10cm.
The enrichment alkali collection obtained by electrodialysis cathode compartment utilizes, and anolyte compartment is containing the waste liquid acid neutralization of hemicellulose, and Precipitation hemicellulose, filters, obtain hemicellulose as fermentation raw material.
Acid neutralization to pH value is 2.
The sulfuric acid of described acid to be concentration be 0.1mol/L.
In described electrodialysis process, the concentration of lye of anolyte compartment's waste liquid is 8g/L.
Filtrate after described precipitation hemicellulose, through reverse osmosis, obtains de-mineralized water and recycles.
Described film group device uses multipair anion and cation exchange membrane pair, and the distance between anion and cation exchange membrane is 0.12mm.
Recovery concentration of lye after electrodialysis is 365g/L, and containing half fine 2.3g/L, recycle of alkali liquor rate is 90%.
Embodiment 14
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 11, on this basis:
Waste lye after pretreatment and de-mineralized water are entered membrane module by the throughput ratio of 1.2:1 by pump and is delivered to diffusion dialysis film group device, the waste lye flowed out is by electrodialytic anolyte compartment, sig water by cathode compartment, reclaims the enrichment alkali that cathode compartment obtains as electrolytic solution.
Described waste lye and de-mineralized water enter diffusion dialysis film group device in the mode of cross-flow.
Recovery concentration of lye after electrodialysis is 302g/L, and containing half fine 6.8g/L, recycle of alkali liquor rate is 86%.
Embodiment 15
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 11, on this basis:
Waste lye after pretreatment and de-mineralized water are entered membrane module by the throughput ratio of 1.5:1 by pump and is delivered to diffusion dialysis film group device, the waste lye flowed out is by electrodialytic anolyte compartment, sig water by cathode compartment, reclaims the enrichment alkali that cathode compartment obtains as electrolytic solution.
Described waste lye and de-mineralized water enter diffusion dialysis film group device in the mode of cross-flow.
The temperature of described technological operation is 30 DEG C.
The gauge pressure of described pump is 0.05Mpa.
In described diffusion dialysis process, waste lye flow is 80L/h, and the flow of de-mineralized water is 60L/h.
In described electrodialysis process, flux of alkaline liquor is 500L/h, and de-mineralized water flow is 400L/h.
The described sig water concentration obtained after diffusion dialysis is 160g/L.
Described electrodialysis impressed DC voltage, magnitude of voltage is 40V, and current value is 92A, and interelectrode distance is 10cm, is conducive to promoting dialysis efficiency.
Described electrodialytic anolyte compartment obtains the waste liquid acid neutralization containing hemicellulose, Precipitation hemicellulose, filters, obtains hemicellulose as fermentation raw material;
Acid neutralization to pH value is 2.
The sulfuric acid of described acid to be concentration be 2.5mol/L.
In described electrodialysis process, the concentration of lye of holding anode room waste liquid is 15g/L.
Filtrate after described precipitation hemicellulose, through reverse osmosis, obtains de-mineralized water and recycles.
Described diffusion dialysis film group device uses multiple cationic exchange membranes, and the distance between cationic exchange membrane is 0.5mm.
Described electrodialysis film group device uses multipair anion and cation exchange membrane pair, the distance 0.1mm between anion and cation exchange membrane.
Recovery concentration of lye after electrodialysis is 345g/L, and containing half fine 4.8g/L, recycle of alkali liquor rate is 92%.
Claims (3)
1. viscose fiber produce in the ultrafiltration pretreatment technique of black digestion liquid electrodialysis alkali collection, it is characterized in that: naoh concentration is that the black digestion liquid of 8 ~ 30g/L first removes oarse-grained material by the method for flocculation, reclaim xylogen through ultrafiltration again and retain the pollutent of macromolecule, gained is used for follow-up electrodialysis process containing the permeate of NaOH;
In described black liquor, suspension content 300 ~ 700mg/L, total alkali 1.4 ~ 2.2%, organic acid content 0.4 ~ 0.9%, COD=5000 ~ 100000mg/L;
Described flocculation flocculation agent is the composite flocculation agent of polymerize aluminum chloride, bodied ferric sulfate and polyacrylamide, and its component ratio is 4:2:1, and the consumption of flocculation agent is 5 ~ 10mg/L;
Described flocculation refers to, adds flocculation agent, stir in black digestion liquid, leaves standstill 15 ~ 30min, precipitation and the clear boundary of supernatant liquid, get the limpid waste lye in upper strata, stirring velocity is 50 ~ 150r/min, time 5 ~ 15min, the temperature of described flocculation is 20 ~ 30 DEG C, and pH value is 7 ~ 9;
The membrane pore size of described ultrafiltration ultra-filtration membrane used is 0.001 ~ 0.02 μm;
In black liquor after pretreatment, naoh concentration is 5 ~ 25g/L, and half fibre content is less than 10g/L.
2. viscose fiber according to claim 1 produce in the ultrafiltration pretreatment technique of black digestion liquid electrodialysis alkali collection, it is characterized in that: described ultra-filtration membrane uses hollow fiber form membrane module.
3. viscose fiber according to claim 1 produce in the ultrafiltration pretreatment technique of black digestion liquid electrodialysis alkali collection, it is characterized in that: the service temperature of described ultrafiltration is 20 ~ 40 DEG C, and pressure is 0.05 ~ 0.5Mpa.
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| CN104311706A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-01-28 | 宜宾雅泰生物科技有限公司 | Electrodialysis technology for exacting semi fibers by using viscose fiber pressed alkali liquor as raw materials |
| JP6134445B2 (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2017-05-24 | 日本製紙株式会社 | Method for producing xylan-containing material |
| CN108951250A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2018-12-07 | 济宁明升新材料有限公司 | A method of the extracting and developing lignin from sulfate pulping alkaline boiling liquid |
| CN109024033B (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2020-11-24 | 青岛科技大学 | Pulping method using high-concentration brine as cooking medium |
| CN115467182B (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2024-01-05 | 天津科技大学 | Pretreatment process for pulp production raw materials |
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| CN1051063A (en) * | 1989-10-14 | 1991-05-01 | 中国纺织大学 | The continous processing system that black liquid is new |
| CN1025729C (en) * | 1992-07-16 | 1994-08-24 | 中国纺织大学 | Mixing-ultra filtering method treating system for cotton size black fluid |
| JPH11286884A (en) * | 1998-04-03 | 1999-10-19 | Akio Onda | Pulp cooking liquor and production of pulp |
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| CN1150578A (en) * | 1995-11-23 | 1997-05-28 | 山东铝业公司 | Process for recovering alkali by red mud waste liquid film method |
| CN101844848A (en) * | 2010-05-06 | 2010-09-29 | 湖州森蓝环境工程有限公司 | Recycling and processing method of stainless steel acid-washing waste liquid |
| CN103011482A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-04-03 | 四川北方硝化棉股份有限公司 | Resource utilization method of acid wastewater |
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