CN103348091A - 安装于环形空间中的势能驱动的坐封工具 - Google Patents
安装于环形空间中的势能驱动的坐封工具 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
- E21B23/04—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells operated by fluid means, e.g. actuated by explosion
- E21B23/0412—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells operated by fluid means, e.g. actuated by explosion characterised by pressure chambers, e.g. vacuum chambers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
- E21B23/04—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells operated by fluid means, e.g. actuated by explosion
- E21B23/042—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells operated by fluid means, e.g. actuated by explosion using a single piston or multiple mechanically interconnected pistons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
- E21B23/06—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells for setting packers
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Abstract
用于坐封地下工具的致动器和方法使用从外部安装到管柱上的致动器，所述管柱能够操作性地接合要被致动的工具。在所需的致动位置上，向阀组件发出信号。阀的打开释放加压的可压缩流体以作用于浮动式活塞。活塞驱动位于其前方的粘性流体通过此时打开的阀，进而驱动致动活塞，致动活塞的运动坐封所述工具。打开所述阀的触发机制可以是各种方法，包括声音信号、振动信号、磁场的变化或者靠近阀组件的管件壁的弹性变形。
Description
技术领域
本发明的领域是用于操作地下工具的致动器和致动方法，更特别地是在下放时使用致动器中的势能对布置在其中没有壁开口的管件周围的工具的致动。
背景技术
地下井眼中的许多操作涉及安装在管柱外部的工具的坐封。常见的例子是可以用于密封环空和/或从一个管柱支撑另一个管柱的封隔器或滑动件。使用施加的或流体静压力来致动活塞以沿着锥体向上驱动滑动件并将密封元件压入密封位置的这些装置的机械致动技术需要管柱壁上的开口。这些开口是减小可靠性的潜在泄漏路径，是不可取的。
开发了不用壁开口完成工具致动任务的替代性技术。这些装置使用被选择性地允许进入致动器工具壳体中的环空流体，并由于这样的流体进入继而发生在致动器壳体中形成压力以操作工具的反应。在一种形式中，允许水进入致动器的一部分中使材料反应形成氢气，然后利用该氢气驱动活塞以坐封例如封隔器的工具。利用气体产生原理操作的这种工具的一些示例是USP 7,591,319和US公报2007/0089911以及2009/0038802。
这些需要在井下产生压力的装置复杂而昂贵。在一些情况下，用于这些装置的可用空间受到限制，这限制了它们的可行性。所需要的以及本发明提供的是带有存储势能的进入井眼中的致动器，其利用来自于地表的多种信号技术来致动工具并释放坐封压力/力的。优选的势能源是压缩气体。本领域技术人员将会从对优选实施方式和附图的描述的阅读中进一步理解本发明，同时进一步意识到本发明的全部范围要由所附的权利要求确定。
发明内容
用于坐封地下工具的致动器和方法使用从外部安装到管柱上的致动器，所述管柱能够操作性地接合要被致动的工具。在所需的致动位置上，向阀组件发出信号。阀的打开释放加压的可压缩流体以作用于浮动式活塞。活塞驱动位于其前方的粘性流体通过此时打开的阀，进而驱动致动活塞，致动活塞的运动坐封所述工具。打开所述阀的触发机制可以是各种方法，包括声音信号、振动信号、磁场的变化或者靠近阀组件的管件壁的弹性变形。
附图说明
图1是在“下放到井眼中”位置上的组件：以及
图2是在致动触发器之后在井下坐封位置上的图1的组件。
具体实施方式
图1图示了下放到优选地装有套管的井眼12中的管柱10。要被致动的工具14以“金属对金属和/或弹性体”的密封件的形式示意性地示出，其具有在使致动连杆16轴向移动时用于固定到外部井眼管柱12的滑动件。使用锥体18来在径向方向上推顶工具14使其与井眼或管柱12接触。连杆16自连接到管柱10的壳体20延伸。管柱10穿过所述壳体20以限定环形空间22，所述环形空间22被填充以预定压力的可压缩流体24。浮动式活塞26在一侧上限定环形空间22，在另一侧上限定环形空间28。环形空间28填充有粘性流体，比如轻质的油30。阀体32具有远程致动阀34。在阀34的关闭位置上，油30被容纳在环形空间28中。在阀体32与致动活塞38之间限定环形空间36。活塞38的运动使连杆16运动以致动工具14，比如使工具14沿着斜坡18向上运动。活塞26和38具有与壳体20密封的外周密封件和与管柱10密封的内密封件。环形空间40可以以低的压力或在没有压力的情况下封闭，或者根据安装深度其可以通过止回阀42通向环空，当连杆16运动、空间40变小时，所述止回阀42让流体从空间40流出。连杆16在44处密封，以在利用连杆16的运动坐封工具14时保持周围的流体从空间40流出。
阀34的打开可以通过示意性示出的声音信号46执行。替代性地，可以利用飞镖式部件（dart）48致动阀34，所述飞镖式部件运动靠近阀34并且具有与阀座32上的传感器50通讯的比如电磁场或永久磁场之类的场。另一种操作阀34的方法是使靠近阀座32中传感器的管柱10的壁弹性变形。可以想到使用具有一对间隔开的密封件的骑跨工具来形成一封闭的空间，将压力传送到该空间中以使管柱10的壁弯曲。替代性地，可以下放钢丝绳起下的工具，以使用磁、无线电、超声波、声音或机械信号与阀座32通讯。
图2示出了在已经灌入水泥（未示出）并放置在井下之后但在水泥固化之前的、抵靠着套管或井眼或管柱12坐封的工具14。阀34的打开允许流体24将腔室22膨胀并使油从腔室28移位并进入腔室36中。结果使活塞38移位，坐封所述工具14。虽然示出的活塞26和38是环形活塞（annular piston），但是它们可以杆活塞（rod piston）。可以省略活塞26，以便于阀34的打开可以直接使用可压缩流体来使连接到连杆16的活塞38运动。活塞38的运动优选地是轴向移动，但是当活塞在其用于坐封工具14的运动中被合适引导时，所述运动可以是转动的或者转动和轴向移动的结合。尽管尽可能快地坐封工具14是优选的，但是其坐封速率可以用通向和离开阀34的通道54的尺寸来控制。虽然使用轻质油30是优选的，但是可以使用其他粘性相对低的流体，直至使用水。活塞26的使用实现了对由周围井流体的温度触发的可压缩流体24中形成的热致压力的补偿。除了上面提到的用于打开阀34的各种信号之外，其他触发器也是可行的，不过它们的使用相比于已经讨论的技术不是最佳的。可以随着时间、温度或与由管柱10携带的、以多种方式与阀座32中的传感器和处理器通讯的装置的接近程度触发所述阀34。虽然优选的工具14是环形阻挡件，但是也可以在管柱10外部触发其他工具同时避免在其壁上存在贯穿开口。一些这样的工具例如可以是锚定件或定心件。虽然压缩气体作为势能源是优选的，但是其他选择来触发活塞38也是可行的，比如使用形状记忆合金或者双稳态材料或者诸如卷簧之类的机械弹簧或贝氏垫圈堆。
上面的描述是对优选实施方式的说明，本领域技术人员可以做出许多修改，而不脱离本发明，本发明的范围由下面的权利要求的文字记载和等价范围确定。
Claims (20)
1.一种从外部安装至地下管件以选择性地坐封相连工具的坐封工具，包括：
包含势能力的壳体；当被下放到地下位置时，势能力能够选择性地释放，以在没有从管件内到所述壳体中的流体或压力连通的情况下操作所述工具。
2.根据权利要求1所述的坐封工具，其中所述势能力是由可压缩流体构成的。
3.根据权利要求1所述的坐封工具，其中所述壳体包括至少一个活塞，所述活塞限定用于所述势能的腔室。
4.根据权利要求1所述的坐封工具，其中所述势能通过致动所述壳体中的阀而释放。
5.根据权利要求4所述的坐封工具，其中所述势能的所述选择性释放包括远程操作所述阀。
6.根据权利要求5所述的坐封工具，其中所述壳体包括至少一个活塞，所述阀位于所述活塞的与所述势能源相反一侧上。
7.根据权利要求6所述的坐封工具，其中所述活塞是浮动式活塞。
8.根据权利要求7所述的坐封工具，其中所述阀位于所述浮动式活塞与第二活塞之间的腔室中，其中所述第二活塞的运动致动所述工具。
9.根据权利要求8所述的坐封工具，其中紧邻所述阀所处位置的所述腔室包含不可压缩的流体。
10.根据权利要求9所述的坐封工具，其中所述不可压缩的流体包括能够与阀的操作相容的油或者任何液体。
11.根据权利要求1所述的坐封工具，其中所述势能源可以由机械弹簧、贝氏垫圈堆、形状记忆合金和双稳态材料中的至少一种或多种构成。
12.根据权利要求5所述的坐封工具，其中所述阀利用如下方式中的至少一种或多种被致动：振动或声音信号、在所述阀附近施加能量场以及穿过所述壳体的管件的壁的弹性变形。
13.根据权利要求12所述的坐封工具，其中所述阀被选择性地致动以打开。
14.根据权利要求12所述的坐封工具，其中所述能量场是用穿过所述阀附近的管件的飞镖式部件施加的。
15.根据权利要求3所述的坐封工具，其中所述壳体通过位于所述活塞的与所述势能源相反一侧上的止回阀释压。
16.根据权利要求8所述的坐封工具，其中所述第二活塞利用至少一个连杆连接到所述工具。
17.根据权利要求16所述的坐封工具，其中所述连杆使所述工具在安装于管件上的斜坡上移动。
18.根据权利要求17所述的坐封工具，其中：
所述工具包括密封件；
所述连杆的运动使所述密封件在所述斜坡上延伸以用于密封所述壳体周围的环形间隙。
19.根据权利要求1所述的坐封工具，其中所述密封件是金属的。
20.根据权利要求12所述的坐封工具，其中所述能量场是利用下放到所述壳体中的钢丝绳起下的工具施加的。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/029,266 | 2011-02-17 | ||
| US13/029,266 US8813857B2 (en) | 2011-02-17 | 2011-02-17 | Annulus mounted potential energy driven setting tool |
| PCT/US2012/025397 WO2013015844A2 (en) | 2011-02-17 | 2012-02-16 | Annulus mounted potential energy driven setting tool |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103348091A true CN103348091A (zh) | 2013-10-09 |
| CN103348091B CN103348091B (zh) | 2016-08-17 |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US8813857B2 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN103348091B (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR112013018059B1 (zh) |
| GB (1) | GB2500842B (zh) |
| NO (1) | NO345127B1 (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2598259C2 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2013015844A2 (zh) |
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| US8813857B2 (en) * | 2011-02-17 | 2014-08-26 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Annulus mounted potential energy driven setting tool |
| US8893807B2 (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2014-11-25 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Remote subterranean tool activation system |
| US9217309B2 (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2015-12-22 | Dril-Quip, Inc. | Hybrid-tieback seal assembly using method and system for interventionless hydraulic setting of equipment when performing subterranean operations |
| US10030475B2 (en) | 2013-02-14 | 2018-07-24 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Stacked piston safety valve with different piston diameters |
| US9725967B2 (en) | 2013-07-24 | 2017-08-08 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Centralizers for centralizing well casings |
| US9428977B2 (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2016-08-30 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Multi-stage locking system for selective release of a potential energy force to set a subterranean tool |
| US9404340B2 (en) | 2013-11-07 | 2016-08-02 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Frac sleeve system and method for non-sequential downhole operations |
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| US9995099B2 (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2018-06-12 | Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc | High collapse pressure chamber and method for downhole tool actuation |
| US9850725B2 (en) | 2015-04-15 | 2017-12-26 | Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc | One trip interventionless liner hanger and packer setting apparatus and method |
| US11046670B2 (en) | 2015-10-19 | 2021-06-29 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Piperazinyl norbenzomorphan compounds and methods for using the same |
| US10961796B2 (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2021-03-30 | The Wellboss Company, Llc | Setting tool assembly |
| KR102186791B1 (ko) * | 2018-11-28 | 2020-12-04 | 주식회사 지앤지테크놀러지 | 고심도 지하수 관정 오염방지 그라우팅용 차폐 장치 |
| RU2700864C1 (ru) * | 2019-02-04 | 2019-09-23 | Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-производственное объединение по исследованию и проектированию энергетического оборудования им. И.И. Ползунова" (ОАО "НПО ЦКТИ") | Комбинированный инструмент, используемый при установке в кондукторе технической колонны труб при строительстве нефтегазовых скважин на шельфе. Способ проведения технологических операций им |
| GB201909899D0 (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-08-21 | Reactive Downhole Tools Ltd | Improved anchor |
| US11808130B1 (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2023-11-07 | Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations Llc | Actuator, method and system |
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- 2012-02-16 CN CN201280007417.XA patent/CN103348091B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-02-16 GB GB1311981.3A patent/GB2500842B/en active Active
- 2012-02-16 RU RU2013142261/03A patent/RU2598259C2/ru active
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2500842B (en) | 2018-11-28 |
| US8813857B2 (en) | 2014-08-26 |
| BR112013018059B1 (pt) | 2021-04-27 |
| NO20130918A1 (no) | 2013-07-04 |
| CN103348091B (zh) | 2016-08-17 |
| GB2500842A (en) | 2013-10-02 |
| WO2013015844A2 (en) | 2013-01-31 |
| RU2013142261A (ru) | 2015-03-27 |
| GB201311981D0 (en) | 2013-08-21 |
| WO2013015844A3 (en) | 2013-05-16 |
| RU2598259C2 (ru) | 2016-09-20 |
| BR112013018059A2 (pt) | 2020-10-27 |
| NO345127B1 (no) | 2020-10-12 |
| US20140144653A1 (en) | 2014-05-29 |
| US9488028B2 (en) | 2016-11-08 |
| US20120211221A1 (en) | 2012-08-23 |
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