CN103347962A - Coating and its manufacturing process - Google Patents

Coating and its manufacturing process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103347962A
CN103347962A CN2012800051553A CN201280005155A CN103347962A CN 103347962 A CN103347962 A CN 103347962A CN 2012800051553 A CN2012800051553 A CN 2012800051553A CN 201280005155 A CN201280005155 A CN 201280005155A CN 103347962 A CN103347962 A CN 103347962A
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China
Prior art keywords
coating
coating composition
substrate
fiber
mixture
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Pending
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CN2012800051553A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
埃萨·西尔弗胡特
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ACOUSTIC GROUP Oy
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ACOUSTIC GROUP Oy
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Publication of CN103347962A publication Critical patent/CN103347962A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D101/00—Coating compositions based on cellulose, modified cellulose, or cellulose derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/65—Additives macromolecular
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/38—Boron-containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D101/00—Coating compositions based on cellulose, modified cellulose, or cellulose derivatives
    • C09D101/08—Cellulose derivatives
    • C09D101/26—Cellulose ethers
    • C09D101/28—Alkyl ethers
    • C09D101/286—Alkyl ethers substituted with acid radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D123/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D123/02—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C09D123/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C09D123/06—Polyethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/66—Additives characterised by particle size
    • C09D7/69—Particle size larger than 1000 nm
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/70—Additives characterised by shape, e.g. fibres, flakes or microspheres
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B1/8409—Sound-absorbing elements sheet-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B1/86—Sound-absorbing elements slab-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/18—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors
    • E04F15/181—Insulating layers integrally formed with the flooring or the flooring elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/18—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors
    • E04F15/20—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors for sound insulation
    • E04F15/203—Separately-laid layers for sound insulation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/18—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors
    • E04F15/20—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors for sound insulation
    • E04F15/206—Layered panels for sound insulation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/22—Expanded, porous or hollow particles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8461—Solid slabs or blocks layered
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249971—Preformed hollow element-containing
    • Y10T428/249972—Resin or rubber element

Abstract

The present invention relates to a coating composition comprising a natural fibre-bearing dry matter mixture, as well as cellular plastic grains, mixed into water. By spreading this composition onto any base, particularly by spraying, and by hardening it, particularly through drying, the coating according to the invention is formed from the coating composition, which coating provides extremely good acoustic properties. If a special fibre base plate (2) based on chemical pulp is used as the base of the coating (3), the plate-like acoustic element (1) according to the invention is obtained.

Description

Coating and manufacture method thereof
Technical field
The acoustic element that the objective of the invention is to be used to the coating of improving acoustical behavior, be suitable for the coating composition of this purpose, forms by described coating and for the manufacture of the method for this element.
Background technology
When the planning and implementation buildings, given increasing concern to the acoustics in room, office and other space.Certainly, function acoustics is primary (for example in the music hall), but acoustics also has remarkably influenced (for example in family, school and working space) in comfort level, working efficiency and even human health.Because building scheme can not only select according to acoustics, therefore neutralize on its surface needing different acoustic elements or acoustic surface to be installed in the space after the actual construction stage.
Therefore, noise level (near the sound-absorbing the machine that is namely moving) has been given than the past more concern.
Certainly, the primary requirement to the function of acoustic surface or element is that it has suitable acoustical behavior.Generally speaking, the absorption that this means sound is enough strong or the frequency response of suitable form arranged.On the one hand, because acoustic element and surface are to keep the visible structure, so their structure image also should be suitable for their environment and other surface in space.On the other hand, the thickness on plate and surface should remain in the rational limit, and this contradicts with the high request of sound-absorbing.Nature, the purity rubric of setting for the chamber internal surface material also should be satisfied in acoustic element or surface, and they also should have machinery and the physicals that is suitable for their applied environments.Similar with other structural element, to an increasingly great extent, consider that the needs of environment aspect also are applicable to acoustic surface and element, for example in the manufacturing and returnability about material.
Modal commercially available ready-made acoustic element comprises the acoustic panel based on mineral wool (based on asbestos or glass fibre).On these maintenance sides within view, the surface of mineral wool covers with for example paper, plastics, fabric or glass fibre.As light relatively parts, these acoustic elements based on the insulating wool plate are easy to be installed on the top ceiling or wall in the space that sound-absorbing for example is provided, and both can be used as independent element and also can be used as complete surface.For example, they also can be formed into from top ceiling reduces the acoustics plane of getting off.
The cotton plate of known arrangement also should be on the surface at its edge suitably covers, this not only since its outward appearance also go in the space of any mine dust around being shed in order to prevent.As time goes on, the seam crossing of these plates meeting deepening, thus and become as seen.Therefore, film coating is inadequate, and in fact under the situation of independent acoustic element, this typically refers to cover strip etc., and described cover strip etc. are with the manufacturing of element and install complicated and increased cost.
The sound absorbing power of mineral wool is medium, but (particularly) on low frequency, and fully effectively absorption can need unpractical slab.For the absorption of the highest scope sound, thinner layer is just enough.Yet for the absorption of middle height and low scope sound, need quite thick layer.Under the situation of routine, thickness works for the absorbing structure of about 50mm, but in the object of harshness, can need thickness to surpass the layer of 100mm.Use mineral wool, also be difficult to satisfy all requirements of the ecological aspect generation that often is considered to important now.
Be the wall in the coating different chamber, top ceiling etc., also known various fiber base coating compound, described coating compound sprays in another way or uses, and the mechanical surface structure of and weather resistance more flexible than glass and ground mass coating is provided, and also can help the acoustics of structure.
For example, specification sheets FI95041 and WO2007/063178 disclose natural fiber base coating, and described natural fiber base coating sprays when mixing with water, or use in a similar manner and by dry sclerosis.The fiber of the coating compound of specification sheets FI95041 comprises the fine cellulose fiber.In the scheme of specification sheets WO2007/063178, except filamentary material and tackiness agent, compound comprises particulate state, is generally the filler of mineral base, whereby the surface of the coating acoustical behavior of smooth and adjustable coating that becomes.
Known solutions has its limitation, particularly about acoustical behavior.In the time that sound-absorbing will be improved, should increase the thickness of coating.Wherein except apparent unfavorable aspect, this has increased the coating quality of per unit area and has weakened the ability that keeps its position.Obtain more effective sound-absorbing by acoustic element (for example wherein coating spraying at the top of insulating wool plate), simultaneously described disadvantageous effect keeps less.When division board constituted the part of sound-absorbing, this coating can be thinner relatively.Yet, in any case, do not wish to use independent acoustic element, therefore exist for forming the needs of the coating compound of sound absorbing layer through spraying (after drying) in substrate to be coated arbitrarily, this is more effective than known solutions.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to disclose a kind of coating of improving the structural acoustic performance and reducing the known arrangement shortcoming.
Particularly, the objective of the invention is to provides a kind of fire protection coating and the optional acoustic element that forms by fire protection coating by the coating compound that use is particularly suitable for this purpose, described coating composition provides effective sound-absorbing, good thermal characteristics, and even does not also have the dust of significant quantity or other particle from then on to come off after drying.
Basis of the present invention is to produce the coating solution with good acoustics and thermal characteristics.This coating for example can be used in structure or the indoor solution, and even on the machine space surface, on the surface as the car engine machine cap.
Therefore, the present invention relates to comprise the coating composition of the dry-matter mixture of the including natural fibers that mixes with water, can form light, that fix and durable coating in substrate arbitrarily by described coating composition.
Coating composition according to the present invention comprises the dry-matter mixture of the including natural fibers that mixes with water.Fibre-bearing refers to that the basic material of dry-matter mixture comprises a kind of fiber or some fibre, for example is different from the building stones based on cement etc.In the dry-matter mixture, preferably fiber is worn into superfine material.Except filamentary material, coating composition preferably comprises at least a binding.For smooth and loose coating composition is provided, also can add whipping agent in coating composition.Preferably by all dried batch mixes are become the dry-matter mixture together, then by the dry-matter mixture is mixed to make coating composition with water.Yet, also can add the batching of any dry-matter mixture or should do the part of preparing burden by another kind to coating composition respectively.
Coating composition according to the present invention is characterised in that and proposes in the characteristic of claim 1, and is characterised in that by the coating that this coating composition forms and proposes in the characteristic of claim 9.
Correspondingly, the acoustic element that forms by the coating according to the present invention is characterised in that and proposes in the characteristic in the claim 13.
According to the present invention, make and to propose in the characteristic that coating process is characterised in that claim 11, make and to propose in the characteristic that the acoustic element method is characterised in that claim 20, and the purposes of making the acoustic element method is characterised in that and proposes in the claim 26.
Compare with known solutions, the invention provides many significant advantages.Actual coating can be the space extraordinary acoustical behavior is provided when being used for the top of any substrate in any space.The performance of these coatings is suitable at least with the acoustical behavior that obtains by the cotton plate of conventional acoustics separately, even better.With regard to make and actual product with and returnability with regard to, coating also satisfies the requirement of Sustainable development.
Can not stimulate the mine dust of breathing and skin to come off from the cellulose cotton plate that can choose wantonly as the acoustic element part.Especially, when by bleached chemical pulp (chemical pulp) when fiber is made, aspect its outward appearance, itself is also with coating with the upholstery surface is compatible mostly.Therefore, the cellulose cotton plate not necessarily need or cover (as in the element based on mineral wool panels, wherein being that outward appearance or mine dust all need the integral body of structure to cover or sealing) in its edge's encapsulation.This has simplified the method that acoustic element is made, thereby has also influenced manufacturing cost.Keeping within view acoustic element appearance is easy to regulate by the color of coating or surface tissue.For example, about color, component products does not need to be defined as specific color standard, but by for example before be about to using, adds conventional tinting material to coating composition, can realize the random color in the known colour chart.
When relating to acoustic element, the acoustical behavior of element is vital naturally.In this respect, the present invention also provides significant advantage.The comparable structure based on mineral wool of the thickness of cellulose cotton plate is thinner.Except outward appearance, because it is in light weight, thin structure also helps the fixing of element, has improved its bounding force and has been conducive to its movement where necessary.
Be its combination and discharge the ability of moisture that it can help the variation of balance space humidity based on another advantage of the acoustic element of cellulose cotton, like this during particularly as the big acoustic surface formed by several elements.
A critical function as the structure (as acoustic element) of for example indoor design effect is fire safety.Be according to coating of the present invention or all can the known fire retardant of employing itself according to acoustic element substrate plate of the present invention, as the boryl material, can satisfy thus even quite high fire safety demand.
According to the present invention, harden by forming fiber (as randomly being used in the thermal fiber in the acoustic element), and then make cotton plate be easier to cut and improve its workability.Simultaneously, its low melting point has been saved heat energy.
The method according to this invention can at first influence the outward appearance of coated substrate with suitable flexible way.The color of coating can be regulated by add tinting material in coating composition as required.Apply the mode of coating composition and then can influence the surface tissue of finished product coating.For example, by sprawling composition by spraying, can simulate the coating of being made by the concrete spray repair, thus the surface of substrate become with plaster surperficial compatible.According to definite composition and other performances, as coat-thickness, than using paper, fabric etc. also might influence the acoustical behavior of element more widely.
According to the present invention, a remarkable advantage of coating is can form by them the acoustic surface of the uniform outer appearance that does not have visible joint.And form under the situation of coating in the independent ground plane surface of installing side by side, can produce the coating with uniform outer appearance.For example, compare with the cement based coating, also more flexible usually based on the coating of natural fiber (as cotton fibre), therefore easy fracture not.
The porous plastics pellet plays filler effect in the coating composition, and it makes coat-thickness increase, and can increase the quality of its unit surface sharply.Under the sort of situation, also can increase the layer thickness of the maximum possible of coating.Coating composition according to the present invention can be used for for example implementing the coating that thickness surpasses 20mm, and according to prior art, the thickness of the maximum possible of typical coating composition can be and is lower than 10mm.Nature, thicker coating is than shallow layer sound-absorbing more effectively.In addition, porous plastics also helps to improve sound-absorbing.
The porous plastics pellet also brings advantage for the manufacturing of coating composition.For example, because the porous plastics pellet does not absorb water, therefore than the solution according to prior art, the amount of the required water of coating composition does not increase with thickness.The drying that this had not only helped the manufacturing of coating composition and had used but also accelerated coating.
The present invention other details and advantage the detailed description and the accompanying drawings below in open.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure parent map (basic figure) according to acoustic element of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure of substrate plate according to a preferred embodiment of the invention and the parent map of shaping.
Fig. 3 is the graph-based according to coating sound absorbing coefficient of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention relates to a kind of coating composition, it comprises dry-matter mixture and the porous plastics pellet of the including natural fibers that mixes with water.
Generally speaking, this coating composition is by mixing the dry-matter mixture, randomly by making its foaming remove surface tension and final by optional extra mixing manufacturing with water.
Especially, by sprawling said composition in any substrate by spraying, and make its sclerosis by drying especially, can be formed by coating composition according to coating of the present invention, and can provide one or more layers coating in substrate.
Coating can be random color.Preferably mate with the environmental facies that final coating is used by adding tinting material in the manufacturing stage of coating composition.Its surface can be substantially flat, maybe can be provided as uneven, for example as in the concrete spray repair.
Substrate can comprise special wallboard, as plaster board or fiberboard, perhaps coating composition can be painted on the inwall of space, on the top ceiling surface, on the pipe surface or on another substrate such as the metal base.Therefore, substrate also can comprise the surface of difficulty, as curved surface, and concrete walls and metal sheet roof.
Coating composition fiber according to the present invention is vegetable fibre, as Mierocrystalline cellulose, flax, cotton or hemp fibre, perhaps animal base fiber, as silk or wool base fiber, the perhaps mixture of these fibers, and this composition is made up of the dried batching of mixing with water, described dried batching is except described fiber, preferably contain tackiness agent (as carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose or methylcellulose gum or derivatives thereof, preferably carboxymethyl cellulose) and possible additive, as tinting material, fire retardant, sanitas, improve the material of intensity or influence the material of sound-absorbing, perhaps two or more such materials.
Usually, in the coating composition dry matter content greater than 10wt%, preferably about 15wt% to 35wt%.The amount of binding is generally the 1wt% to 30wt% of fiber, especially 3wt% to 15wt%, preferably 3wt% to 11wt%.The composition dry matter content that mixes with water is greater than 10wt%, preferred 12wt% to 25wt%, most preferably 15wt% to 20wt%.
Fire retardant and sanitas preferred package contain the boryl material, as boric acid or borax or their mixture, oxyhydroxide, as the oxyhydroxide of aluminium or magnesium or their mixture, or absorbent material, as talcum or calcium carbonate or their mixture, most preferably boric acid or borax are particularly with their mixture of dry-matter 8wt% to 25wt% amount.When using the mixture of boric acid and borax, they are generally 80: 20 to 20: 80 according to the ratio that weight is calculated in described mixture, and preferred 60: 40 to 40: 60, more preferably about 50: 50.Good, a useful replacement scheme of this protectiveness reagent that uses among the present invention is described among the specification sheets FI110869.
According to the preferred embodiments of the invention, coating composition comprises the mineral filler that accounts for its dry biomass 10% to 80%, preferred mineral silicate, mineral vitriol or mineral carbonic acid salt, most preferably kaolin.Kaolin is the fine clay mineral, comes resistivity against fire, intensity and acoustical behavior to influence its coated structure in the coating composition that it can be used in water mixes.An observed particularly advantageous fact is that kaolinic content can influence the frequency response of the sound-absorbing of coating, thereby influences the structure in whole space.
According to second preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the relative frequency of structure to be coated (as acoustic element) sound-absorbing response or frequency response adapts by inorganic filler content and the predetermined frequency response of coating composition.For example, kaolinic content is more high, and respectively, the more weak and low frequency of high frequency absorption absorbs more effective.
Be different from for example non-woven fabrics etc. in essence according to coating composition of the present invention, its material also can comprise natural fiber and tackiness agent, thereby makes coating composition of the present invention form coating solid-state but porous.
Surprisingly, contained foam grain provides a kind of favourable approach to improve machinery and the acoustic properties of the coating of being made by the coating composition of including natural fibers greatly in the coating composition.Except improving sound-absorbing, the porous plastics pellet also can be used for regulating neatly the frequency response of sound-absorbing.
Here " porous plastics " typically refers to the plastics of making by foaming or additive method, and its internal structure is made up of adjacent micropore.Two kinds of the resilient porous plastics of known softness and rigid foams, and the grade of using among the present invention can be any grade in these grades.And then " pellet " is the spherical components of specific dimensions basically.In the present invention, use porous plastics to wait to alleviate coating composition or acoustic element.
The mean diameter of porous plastics pellet is 1mm to 5mm.And the thickness of coating is generally 5mm to 25mm, and the pellet of this size is enough little of to be evenly distributed in the coating.On the other hand, for example, participating on the sound-absorbing of unacceptable small pellets is not very effective.
The porous plastics pellet preferably accounts for 20% to 90% of dry matter weight, and more preferably 40% to 90%, most preferably 70% to 90%, thus main fiber is substituted by them.The ratio of having observed in this scope is best keeping the advantage of using fibrous substrate to obtain, and it has also improved the performance of coating in the above described manner effectively.The ratio that produces best net result also depends on type and the distribution of sizes of the porous plastics pellet that uses.
Porous plastics is divided into obturator-type and open cell type.When micropore sealing and each formed the space of self sealing, porous plastics was the closed pore plastics.Correspondingly, open if micropore is part, thus make several micropores form shared space, porous plastics is the perforate plastics so.In coating composition according to the present invention, preferred at least a portion porous plastics pellet is made up of closed-cell materials.As net result, the closed pore pellet that transmits sound wave unlike the perforate pellet produces the particularly coating structure of low-frequency sound of decaying effectively.Water can not be absorbed in the unicellular structure and go, and it has improved the wet fastness of coating.
The quality of porous plastics pellet and size with and the ratio of dry-matter mixture the most compatibly adapt with predetermined coating acoustical behavior.The adjustability of acoustical behavior is the significant advantage of the present invention.Acoustical behavior can be determined by measuring for the relative ratios of various porous plastics pellets and the dependency of porous plastics overall rate in the dry-matter mixture.The corresponding composition of dry-matter mixture can select to mate with required acoustical behavior based on measuring result before thus.
The coating composition that contains porous plastics can for example be made by at first fiber being ground to form thin as far as possible powder.After this, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose or methylcellulose gum or derivatives thereof, preferably carboxymethyl cellulose and porous plastics pellet mix to constitute tackiness agent with filamentary material, so that porous plastics accounts for altogether 20% to 90% of dry matter weight.At least part of porous plastics pellet comprises closed-cell foamed plastics, preferred 30wt% to 80wt%, more preferably 40wt% to 70wt%.Used closed pore and open-cell material preferably equate.Generally speaking, its ratio can be regulated according to required coating acoustical behavior.Afterwards, the dry-matter mixture mixes with water, thereby forms uniform coating composition.Randomly, composition be foaming and may add one or more of additives, all have as fire retardant or mould inhibitor or the two, after this, it has been ready to spray to its final application.
In coating according to the present invention is made, also can use the equipment of describing among the patent specification WO2007/063178 for example.
Similar to aforementioned coating composition, the coating composition that sprays to its application is being formed on extremely effective coating on the sound-absorbing after the drying.According to the present invention, even the coating of thickness 25mm provides corresponding to the sound-absorbing of the mineral wool panels base acoustic element of 30mm at the most, yet sound-absorbing changes according to the frequency of sound.Also effective on the sound that absorbs low frequency according to coating composition of the present invention, and the absorption under cotton plate situation needs king-sized plate thickness.
In the method that forms coating, sprawl coating composition by applying, for example by utilizing roller or spatula coating, preferably by spraying.If use spraying to sprawl, coating composition to be sprayed constantly stirs in spraying process, preferably is coated with out basic coating uniformly as far as possible effectively.If smooth surface, coating is randomly floating after coating.Because harden by drying by heating, coating composition is preferably formed firm coating, it is still more pliable and tougher and in light weight than ground mass coating, and sound-absorbing effectively.
According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, coating composition is coated to its application with two-layer or more multi-layered, preferred 2～5 layers, and it is sclerosis respectively after optional Horizon is sliding before one deck under using.
The invention still further relates to the plate ideophone and learn element, it forms by described coating.This element comprises the fiber base substrate plate, and described fiber base substrate plate has and is coated in its coating of including natural fibers on one side at least, and relates to the manufacture method of this acoustic element.
Learn element 1 according to plate ideophone of the present invention and comprise (see figure 1)
Substrate plate and
Coating.
Therefore, the substrate of acoustic element 1 comprises plate 2, and it is made up of the fiber base fiberboard, preferred chemipulp fiber base, and referring to surpass 50% here, being preferably 75% to 100% filamentary material is fiber, preferred chemipulp fiber.Fiber can be new or regenerated fibre.On the surface of this substrate plate 2, form one deck or more multi-layered natural fiber base coating 3, thus when the use multilayer, the coating of discussing can be the coating 3 identical with composition in all layers, perhaps by the coating 3 of various combination deposits yields.Yet for obtaining homogeneity, several coatings are preferably by identical composition production.
According to the present invention, in the manufacture method of element 1, coating 3 on the substrate plate 2 is by forming on the surface that aqueous coating composition is coated in substrate plate 2, at least on the one side of substrate plate 2, preferably on the two sides of substrate plate 2 or randomly, form at its edge, and allow composition by dry sclerosis.
That the substrate plate 2 that plays the substrate effect of coating 3 is preferably Mierocrystalline cellulose hair (wool) base and contain tackiness agent, it is preferably the chip groundwood (refiner groundwood) of the stiffening agent effect of also fluffing, broken plastics or thermal fiber, most preferably the low-melting relatively thermal fiber of polyethylene or another kind.Thermal fiber refers to can be by heating and melting and the fiber that solidifies again when being lower than fusing point.The preferred alternative poly fusing point of thermal fiber is about 95 ℃.Low melting point is saved heat energy.In the manufacturing process of substrate plate 2, plate 2 hardens into required thickness and shape can promote by thermal fiber.Sclerosis by thermal fiber also makes plate 2 be easier to cut and improved its workability.
According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, substrate plate 2 is formed by several layers of (see figure 2), wherein between bonding coat 4,5 (as felt layers), one or more binder fibre layer 6 (it is preferably formed by chip groundwood) is provided, one or more layer 7 of sound-proof material is (as plastic film, preferred nano plastic film) and one or more add layer of fibers 8 (it preferably is made up of cellulose cotton).Most preferably every kind of described layer has one, and pugging 7 is middles thus.Be used in the amount of material in the layer and thus the layer thickness can be different.Each fibrolaminar thickness is preferably every layer of 2mm to 10mm; The more preferably basic equivalent of each layer of fibers, and the thickness of pugging is preferably at Nano grade, preferred 10nm to 100nm.As shown in Figure 2, also can for example form by the surface that is sprayed on this stratum basale 2 according to coating 3 of the present invention.
In acoustic element 1 according to the present invention, the one side that remains on when it uses installation in the sight line at plate 2 applies according to porous coating 3 of the present invention at least, and described porous coating 3 is made from above-mentioned composition.Similar with cotton plate, the color of coating 3 can be white, or according to the location circumstances of acoustic element 1, it can be adapted to coating composition by the tinting material that adds in its manufacturing stage.Therefore, the color of substrate plate 2 is not prescribed.The surface of coating 3 can be level and smooth substantially, but coating also can be passed through spray application, thus surface tissue can be uneven, similar to concrete spray repair.
The acoustic element of being made by these layers 1 can directly be installed to wall or the top ceiling surface in the space of waiting to make acoustic efficiency by for example gummed.Do not need extra framework or shell.Acoustic element 1 also can be installed respectively from wall or top ceiling surface, and the sound-absorbing that is provided by element can be provided its installation method.Acoustic element 1 can be used as the single plate use of desired size or several can be installed side by side use to form continuous acoustic surface.For example, be installed separately with top ceiling and acoustic element adjacent one another are can be formed on the furred ceiling or the top ceiling that reduces in.
Make the plate ideophone and learn the method for element 1 and can comprise some stages, what wherein at first be formed for making substrate plate 2 randomly contains the fibre pulp of fiber at least.Another replacement scheme is to use commercially available plate.Accordingly, coating composition forms by the dry-matter mixture is mixed with water, and described dry-matter mixture comprises particulate natural fiber (as cotton), tackiness agent and randomly mineral filler or porous plastics pellet or both.The aqueous coating composition of Xing Chenging is coated on the surface according to substrate plate 2 of the present invention or known plate thus, and drying composition is to form the coating 3 of sclerosis.
Coating composition according to the present invention is sprawled by applying, for example by utilizing roller or spatula coating, preferably by spraying.After the drying, it forms firm coating, and it is still more pliable and tougher and in light weight than ground mass coating, and sound-absorbing effectively.
The density range of substrate plate 2 is 30kg/m 3To 100kg/m 3, preferred 40kg/m 3To 80kg/m 3, 50kg/m more preferably from about 3, and thickness is about 50mm to the maximum, preferred 15mm to 50mm, most preferably from about 30mm.Accordingly, the thickness range of coating 3 is the most about 70mm, preferably the most about 40mm, more preferably 5mm to 35mm, most preferably 15mm to 30mm.
Substrate plate 2 according to the present invention can be made in the following manner.The manufacture method of this substrate plate 2 comprises as the next stage, wherein
-will contain basilar fibers (as the chemipulp fiber) and substrate tackiness agent (as thermal fiber), the substrate composition of chip groundwood or broken plastics is sprawled in substrate and is layer;
-will be heated to above the fusing point of substrate tackiness agent by the layer that substrate composition forms, make the fusion of substrate tackiness agent;
-will contain fusion the substrate tackiness agent be laminated to required thickness; With
-when by pressurization described layer being maintained desired thickness, temperature is dropped to be lower than the fusing point of substrate tackiness agent, make the substrate tackiness agent solidify again and layer is bonded into continuous plate 2.
According to the preferred embodiments of the invention, add fire retardant and sanitas to above-mentioned substrate composition.For this purpose, the material identical with above-mentioned relevant coating composition is suitable.Good replacement scheme of this protective material is described among the specification sheets FI110869.
The especially preferred embodiment according to the present invention, thereby make acoustic element 1 according to the above-mentioned stage and make plate 2, and coating composition spreads on the surface of plate 2, and plate 2 comes the dry paint composition to utilize the heat that is used for the molten substrate tackiness agent still at elevated temperatures simultaneously.In this way, used heat energy can be used in the drying in the manufacturing process of cotton plate.Thereby this has saved the economic aspect that energy has further improved manufacturing method according to the invention and passed through the acoustic element of this method production.
When coating composition spreads over thus on the surface of the plate 2 that solidifies or known plate and when need the smooth-flat-surface of coating 3, coating composition can be floating before drying.When needed, the final element 1 that applies cuts into the element of desired size.
In making according to element 1 of the present invention, the composition of substrate plate 2 and coating 3, their density and layer thickness are preferably selected according to the predetermined acoustical behavior of acoustic element.Most important factor is enough strong sound-absorbing often.Absorbing structure with optimal absorption powder is produced by fibrous or open-cell material.The modal material that satisfies this restriction is weaving felt, mineral wool and open-cell foamed plastics.By between thin plate according to the present invention and background building, staying open space, even also can obtain at the lowest range place of sound effectively to absorb.This needs suitable extra structure on the supporting system that separates on the top ceiling surface and the wall.
In back quite thin, the porous absorbing structure, but the intermediate structure in the similar space of manufacturing function also, and itself need not be made up of fibrous sound absorbent material.This intermediate structure comprises by " air slot " or " blast main " open between the layer of spraying or the acquisition of another kind of method and the background structure.
Intermediate structure can for example be made by the surface that it is sprayed to background structure.Structure also can be used as the plate manufacturing of separation, and the substrate plate first-selection is made at production line thus, and intermediate structure is made at its top, and actual fibre-bearing absorption layer is made on the surface.
The advantage of this system comprises intermediate structure material implementation method and freely selecting, changes the chance of absorption by surface tissue, simply implementation method and make the possibility in great middle layer.
For example sprawl acoustic coating with original position and compare, the method according to this invention provides following advantage: coating equipment does not need the actual place of erection of taking away, but can finish whole acoustic element under factory condition in a controlled manner.
This invention is not limited only to above-mentioned embodiment preferred, but the present invention can freely implement within the scope of the claims.
Embodiment
Study the fire line (embodiment 1 and 2) of the coating according to the present invention by three kinds of diverse ways, and the acoustical behavior (embodiment 3) according to element of the present invention has been described.
The reaction of embodiment 1-coating in fire
Study among this embodiment, coating according to the present invention be cellulose base and its composition by the mixture that contains polyethylene pellet, carboxymethyl cellulose, borax and boric acid and conventional fire retardant form.These batchings, Mierocrystalline cellulose and polyvinyl porous plastics pellet constitute the major portion of composition dry-matter, make that cellulosic ratio is about 40wt% for the ratio of about 60wt% pellet.
Coating forms the thickness of 13mm at the gypsum substrate, and the coat-thickness scope that is sprayed on its top is 3mm to 20mm (target 15mm).
The reaction of the element of Xing Chenging in fire obtains the result of table 1 thus according to EN standard 13823:2002 research thus.
Table 1
Quality Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Mean value
FIGRA 0,2MJ(W/s) 42.7 37.6 40.7 40
FIGRA 0,4MJ(W/s) 42.7 34.2 34.4 37
THR 600s(MJ) 3.2 3.1 2.6 3.0
LFS Sample edge Do not have Do not have Do not have Do not have
SMOGRA(m 2/s 2) 0.0 2.1 0.0 1
TSP 600s(m 2) 45.9 54.2 45.2 48
Burning drop and grain during 600s Do not have Do not have Do not have Do not have
Among these results, FIGA has described flame rate of rise, THR 600sBe first total heat of 600 seconds release of test, SMOGRA is the speed that cigarette forms, TSP 600sFor first cigarette and LFS of forming altogether of 600 seconds of test is that flame is extending transversely.
The result shows that the security against fire of element is one-level.More smart ground is true, and its reaction in flame falls into the B level, and its smog forms and falls into the s1 level, and formation of its burning drop and grain falls into the d0 level.
The initial susceptibility of embodiment 2-coating
Study among this embodiment, coating according to the present invention be cellulose base and its composition by the mixture that contains polyethylene pellet, carboxymethyl cellulose, borax and boric acid and conventional fire retardant make.These batchings, Mierocrystalline cellulose and polyvinyl porous plastics pellet constitute the major portion of composition dry-matter, make that cellulosic ratio is about 40wt% for the ratio of about 60wt% pellet.
Coating forms 13mm thickness at the gypsum substrate, and the coat-thickness scope that is sprayed on its top is 4mm to 6mm (target 15mm).
The initial susceptibility of these elements is according to EN iso standard 11925-2:2002 test, and wherein the surface of element experience flame is 30 seconds, and filter paper is placed under the element, can be observed the formation of burning particles in this way, obtains the result of table 2 thus.
Table 2
Sample Sample * on fire Filter paper is on fire The flame body that surpasses 150mm
1↑ Do not have Do not have Do not have
2↑ Do not have Do not have Do not have
3↑ Do not have Do not have Do not have
4→ Do not have Do not have Do not have
5→ Do not have Do not have Do not have
6→ Do not have Do not have Do not have
* burning was above 3 seconds
The acoustical behavior of embodiment 3-element
According to the embodiment of front, from the coating sound absorbing coefficient (α of coating composition preparation S) according to iso standard 354:2003 test, obtaining the result of table 3 thus, it further shows in Fig. 3.
Table 3
Frequency, f[Hz] α S
100 0.14
125 0.16
160 0.22
200 0.30
250 0.41
315 0.49
400 0.64
500 0.76
630 0.77
800 0.79
1000 0.78
1250 0.77
1600 0.79
2000 0.82
2500 0.76
3150 0.73
4000 0.75
5000 0.80
Based on these results, the acoustical behavior of element is fabulous.

Claims (26)

1. coating composition, the dry-matter mixture that it comprises the including natural fibers that mixes with water is characterized in that also comprising the porous plastics pellet.
2. coating composition according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described fiber is vegetable fibre, as Mierocrystalline cellulose, flax, cotton or hemp fibre, perhaps animal base fiber, as silk or wool base fiber, the perhaps mixture of these fibers, vegetable fibre preferably, optimal is cellulosic fibre.
3. coating composition according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described porous plastics pellet uses with 20% to 90% of described dry-matter mixture weight.
4. according to each described coating composition in the claim 1 to 3, the median size that it is characterized in that described porous plastics pellet is 1mm to 5mm.
5. according to each described coating composition in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that at least part of described porous plastics pellet by preferred 30wt% to 80wt%, the closed-cell foamed plastics that is suitably 50wt% most forms.
6. according to each described coating composition in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that also comprising the mineral filler that accounts for its dry biomass 10% to 80%, preferred mineral silicate, vitriol or carbonate are suitably kaolin most.
7. according to each described coating composition in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that also comprising carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose or methylcellulose gum or derivatives thereof as tackiness agent, preferably carboxymethyl cellulose.
8. according to each described coating composition in the claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that also comprising fire retardant and sanitas, it is selected from the boryl material, as boric acid or borax or its mixture, oxyhydroxide, oxyhydroxide or its mixture as aluminium or magnesium, perhaps absorption agent is as talcum or calcium carbonate or its mixture, most preferably boric acid or borax, its mixture particularly, described fire retardant and sanitas account for described dry matter weight 8% to 25% at most.
9. a coating (3) is characterized in that containing each described coating composition in the with good grounds claim 1 to 8, and it is coated in the substrate and drying.
10. coating according to claim 9 (3) is characterized in that its thickness about 70mm at the most, preferred 15mm to 30mm.
11. a manufacturing is according to the method for claim 9 or 10 described coatings (3), it comprised as the next stage, the dry-matter mixture that wherein comprises natural fiber and tackiness agent is sneaked in the water to form according to each described coating composition in the claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that by described coating composition is spread on the surface of any substrate, and dry described coating composition is to form the coating (3) of sclerosis.
12. method according to claim 11 is characterized in that when mixing coating to be sprayed described coating composition being spread over by spraying on the described surface of described substrate.
13. element (1) learned in a plate ideophone, described plate ideophone is learned element (1) and is comprised substrate plate (2), described substrate plate (2) has one deck or the more multi-layered coating (3) that at least simultaneously forms at it, it is characterized in that described substrate plate (2) is fiber base, and described coating (3) is according to claim 9 or 10 described fibre-bearing coatings (3).
14. acoustic element according to claim 13 (1), it is characterized in that the described material of described substrate plate (2) is based on the chemipulp fiber, and preferably comprise tackiness agent, it more preferably is made up of following: chip groundwood, broken plastics or thermal fiber, the most compatibly be thermal fiber, it is polyethylene particularly.
15. according to claim 13 or 14 described acoustic elements (1), it is characterized in that described substrate plate (2) is formed by several different layers, wherein between the carpet veneer of bonding, formed the layer of fibers (it preferably is made up of chip groundwood, broken plastics and thermal fiber) of one or more bonding, one deck or more multi-layered sound-proof material are (preferably as plastic film, the most compatibly as the nano plastic film), with one or more extra layer of fibers, it is preferably formed by the chemipulp fiber.
16. according to each described acoustic element (1) in the claim 13 to 15, it is characterized in that described substrate plate (2) and described coating (3) also comprise fire retardant and sanitas, described fire retardant and sanitas are selected from the boryl material, as boric acid or borax or its mixture, oxyhydroxide, oxyhydroxide or its mixture as aluminium or magnesium, or absorption agent, as talcum or calcium carbonate or its mixture, be suitably for most boric acid or borax, its mixture particularly, described fire retardant and sanitas account for 8% to 25% of dry matter weight at most.
17. according to each described acoustic element (1) in the claim 13 to 16, the density that it is characterized in that described substrate plate (2) is 30kg/m 3To 100kg/m 3, preferred 40kg/m 3To 80kg/m 3, be suitably about 50kg/m most 3
18. according to each described acoustic element (1) in the claim 13 to 17, the thickness that it is characterized in that described substrate plate (2) is 15mm to 50mm, preferably about 30mm.
19. according to each described acoustic element (1) in the claim 13 to 18, it is characterized in that described coating (3) is by forming according to claim 11 or 12 described methods.
20. make the method that element (1) learned in the plate ideophone for one kind, it comprised as the next stage, wherein the dry-matter mixture of including natural fibers and porous plastics pellet is sneaked in the water to form according to each described coating composition in the claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that on the surface of the substrate plate (2) by described coating composition being spread into fiber base that dry described coating composition is to form the coating (3) according to the sclerosis of claim 9 or 10 then.
21. method according to claim 20, what it is characterized in that carrying out described coating composition describedly sprawls and hardens at least twice, preferred 2 times to 5 times, and to form several layers of coating.
22. according to claim 20 or 21 described methods, it is characterized in that according to making substrate plate (2) as the next stage, wherein
-will contain basilar fibers, as chemipulp fiber and substrate tackiness agent, sprawl in substrate as the substrate composition of thermal fiber, chip groundwood or broken plastics and to be layer;
-will be heated to above the fusing point of described substrate tackiness agent by the layer that described substrate composition forms, make the fusion of described substrate tackiness agent;
The layer that-compacting contains the substrate tackiness agent of described fusion arrives required thickness; With
-when by pressurization described layer being maintained desired thickness, temperature is dropped to be lower than the fusing point of described substrate tackiness agent, make described substrate tackiness agent solidify again and described layer is bonded into continuous plate (2).
23. according to each described method in the claim 20 to 22, it is characterized in that described coating composition is spread on the surface of described substrate plate (2), described substrate plate is used for the heat of described substrate tackiness agent fusion still at elevated temperatures with utilization in the described coating composition of drying simultaneously.
24. according to each described method in the claim 20 to 23, it is characterized in that it is 30kg/m that described substrate plate (2) is depressed into density 3To 100kg/m 3, preferred 40kg/m 3To 80kg/m 3, be suitably about 50kg/m most 3, and to be depressed into thickness be 15mm to 50mm, is preferably about 30mm.
25. according to each described method in the claim 20 to 24, it is characterized in that going up to about 70mm the maximum ga(u)ge of preferred 15mm to 30mm by described coating composition being spread over described substrate plate (2).
26. according to the purposes of each described method in the claim 20 to 25, it regulates the described sound-absorbing relative frequency response according to each described acoustic element (1) in the claim 13 to 19, to meet predetermined frequency response.
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WO2012095562A9 (en) 2013-08-22
MX2013008109A (en) 2014-03-31

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