CN103347188A - Compressed sensing coding and decoding method for distributed video coding non-critical frame - Google Patents
Compressed sensing coding and decoding method for distributed video coding non-critical frame Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compressed sensing coding and decoding method for a distributed video coding non-critical frame. The method can calculate the number of required measured values for compressed sensing of corresponding image blocks in the non-critical frame according to DCT coefficient characteristics for reconstituting image blocks in the non-critical frame. The method can divide the image blocks into different type according to the required measurement number and can choose different coding methods according to the types of the image blocks. The compressed sensing coding and decoding method reduces complexity of compressed sensing coding and decoding of the distributed video coding non-critical frame and improves the quality of reconstitution images of the non-critical frame.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to distributed video coding and compressed sensing coding techniques field, particularly the non-key frame compressed sensing of a kind of distributed video coding decoding method.
Background technology
Traditional video coding is based on hybrid encoding frame, coding side is fully removed the redundant information in the vision signal, be characterized in that coding is complicated, and decoding is simple, so it is very suitable for vision signal once (one) coding and the application scenario of (a plurality of) decoding repeatedly.Yet owing to be subjected to resource-constraineds such as the restriction of some application scenarios, the computing capability of video coding side, memory size, power consumption, decoding end is unrestricted, so the video coding has been proposed new requirement: coding is simple, and decoding can be complicated.The distributed video coding method just is being based on that this demand puts forward.
Distributed video coding is divided into video group (abbreviating GoP as) with video sequence to be encoded, and as key frame (abbreviating the K frame as), other frames are as non-key frame with first frame among each GoP.Coding side is independently decoded key frame and non-key frame absolute coding at the decoding end key frame, utilizes the correlation between picture frame, and the side information that produces non-key frame by the key frame of reconstruct is united and carried out non-key frame reconstruct decoding.Distributed video coding has multiple mode at present, in order further to simplify coding, the compressed sensing theory can be incorporated in the distributed video coding, constitutes distributed compressed sensing video coding.In distributed compressed sensing video coding, key frame can still carry out encoding and decoding with decoding method in the conventional frame, but not key frame adopts the compressed sensing coding, so abbreviate non-key frame as the CS frame here.
Before to CS frame coding, earlier image is divided into the identical w * w piece of size, make n=w * w, image block is transformed into the vector of n * 1 after scanning, with the measurement matrix of one n * n image block is measured, and obtains n measured value.According to the degree of rarefication of image block, from n measured value, select m＜n measured value to send to receiving terminal at random.Receiving terminal with the measurement data received, adopt suitable method just restructural go out the image block data of certain mass.The quality of reconstructed image piece is relevant with the quantity of the measured value that receives: generally, the measured value of receiving is more many, and the quality of reconstructed image is just more good, and still, the degree of rarefication of measured data has determined the minimum number of measurement values that reconstructing video is essential.Video data is more sparse, and the number of measurements that needs is more few, and compression ratio is also just more high.
This shows, determine that according to the degree of rarefication of image block the population of measured values (number of measurements that needs transmission) of each image block is an important process of video compression perception.Yet, be the work of a complexity for each image block accurately distributes the number of measured value, be not suitable for carrying out at the coding side of distributed video coding, can only carry out at receiving terminal.At present more existing solutions.One of scheme is to adopt the heuristic method that required number of measurements is repeatedly asked.Transmitting terminal at first transmits m
1Individual measured value is to receiving terminal, and receiving terminal is with the m of each atomic block in its dictionary
1Measured value and the m that receives
1Measured value compares, if can find approaching piece, just uses the data of atomic block in the dictionary as m
1The reconstruct data of measured value; If in the dictionary of receiving terminal, do not find approaching atomic block, just ask transmitting terminal to transmit m again
2Individual measurement data, decoding end adopts compressed sensing reconstructing method reconstructed image blocks of data with m1+m2 measured value; Do not reach requirement if estimate reconstructed image piece quality, continue request and transmit some measured values again, receiving terminal is reconstructed with more measured value, till picture quality reaches requirement.Though this scheme can be controlled the reconstruction quality of CS frame by transmission measurement value repeatedly, exploratory method make system feedback often, system delay is big, also increased the complexity of receiving terminal.Another solution is at first to set up dictionary by the previous GoP key frame of reconstruct by receiving terminal, estimate the degree of rarefication of piece in the current CS frame to be encoded with the atom in the dictionary (image block), and give transmitting terminal by feedback channel with feedback information, determined the number of measurements of piece reconstruct needs according to the information of receiving by transmitting terminal.Though this scheme can be distributed the number of measurements of each piece in the CS frame, but assigning process carries out at coding side, increases the complexity of coding side, and, estimate the degree of rarefication of CS frame among the back GoP with the dictionary of previous GoP, when distributing number of measurements, have bigger deviation.And the present invention can solve top problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of existing method, and the coding method of the non-key frame compressed sensing of a kind of distributed video coding is provided.This method can reduce the complexity of coding side and decoding end simultaneously, distribute the needed number of measurements of non-key two field picture piece compressed sensing to be encoded according to receiving terminal reconstruct key frame same position image block content character, simplify coding method, improve the reconstruction quality of non-key frame.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the present invention carries out piecemeal at coding side to non-key frame and measures, the number of the measured value that each piece need transmit distributes definite by the DCT coefficient of receiving terminal key frame same position corresponding blocks, determine the coded system of each piece and measure that receiving terminal is united the reconstruct side information frame that is made up by reconstructed frame and is reconstructed according to required number of measurements.
Method flow:
The invention provides the non-key frame compressed sensing of a kind of distributed video coding decoding method, comprise the steps:
Step 1: receiving terminal carries out piecemeal with the reconstruct key frame, calculate the compressed sensing of the corresponding piecemeal of transmitting terminal non-key frame same position to be encoded according to the DCT coefficient distribution of piecemeal and measure the factor, the number of measurements that non-key frame compressed sensing to be encoded is total is distributed to each image block in the frame according to the measurement factor of each piece, and feeds back to transmitting terminal; The dispensed process is as follows:
(1) the maximum block count of establishing a two field picture is B, and piece is of a size of w * w, and 4 ascending threshold value T are set
m, (m=1 ..., 4), piece is measured factor-alpha
i, i=1 ..., B, total population of measured values of distributing to non-key each piece of frame is M, every population of measured values C
i
(2) absolute value to the DCT coefficient of piecemeal in the reconstruct key frame sorts, and the maximum of DCT coefficient absolute value is D in the piece;
(3) if D≤T
1, α then
iEqual 0;
If T
1＜D≤T
2, α then
iThe difference that equals D and DCT coefficient absolute value in the piece smaller or equal to
The DCT coefficient number;
If T
2＜D≤T
3, α then
iFor the difference of D in the piece and DCT coefficient absolute value smaller or equal to
The DCT coefficient number;
If T
3＜D≤T
4, α then
iFor the difference of D in the piece and DCT coefficient absolute value smaller or equal to
The DCT coefficient number;
If D＞T
4, α then
iFor DCT coefficient absolute value in the piece greater than T
4The DCT coefficient number;
(4) receiving terminal is according to α
iValue is calculated the compressed sensing number of measurements C of transmitting terminal non-key frame corresponding blocks to be encoded
i, its method is:
The number of measurements of (a 41) i piece
(42) if C
i〉=w
2, C
i=w
2
Step 2: transmitting terminal is according to C
iSize, non-key frame same position corresponding blocks to be encoded is divided into two types: extremely sparse and normal sparse, be denoted as ' V ' piece and ' N ' piece, division methods is as follows:
(1) if the number of measurements of piece equals 0, then this piece is divided into extremely sparse;
(2) if the number of measurements of piece, then is divided into this piece normal sparse greater than 0.
Step 3: transmitting terminal adopts two kinds of coded systems according to block type respectively to the block to be encoded data: the piece that is labeled as ' V ' uses ' V ' coded system, and the piece that is labeled as ' N ' uses ' N ' coded system, and method is as follows:
(1) ' V ' coded system namely need not carried out compressed sensing to this piece at coding side and be measured, and a transmission block type information is to receiving terminal;
(2) ' N ' coded system, namely constructing a size is C
i* w
2The measurement matrix data to be encoded carried out compressed sensing measure, with the piece class
Type information and measurement data together are sent to receiving terminal.
Step 4: receiving terminal is gone out the side information frame of this non-key frame of reconstruct by former and later two key frame combined calculation of non-key frame:
According to two two field pictures of input, adopt estimation, interpolation or additive method, calculate the Frame that can guide non-key frame reconstruct and all can be used as reconstruct side information frame.
Step 5: after receiving terminal receives each block data of non-key frame, adopt corresponding method to carry out the image block reconstruct corresponding with block type, its method is as follows:
(1) if receive ' V ' type blocks, the corresponding blocks data in the side information frame is copied reconstructed blocks data as this piece;
(2) if receive ' N ' type blocks, the iterative initial value with the DCT coefficient of corresponding blocks in the side information frame during as piece reconstruct carries out compressed sensing reconstruct to the measured value that receives, and obtains the reconstructed blocks data.
Useful result:
1. the present invention has simplified the calculating of number of measurements, has reduced the complexity of transmitting terminal and receiving terminal.
2. the present invention has reduced the coding delay of CS frame, has improved CS frame reconstruction quality (PSNR).
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the GoP structural representation that the present invention adopts.
Fig. 2 is a kind of distributed video coding/decoding system schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the procedure chart according to the number of measurements of input picture dispensed CS two field picture to be encoded piece needs transmission.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart that the computed image piece is measured the factor.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that the CS frame is carried out the block type mark according to number of measurements.
Fig. 6 is transmitting terminal CS two field picture piece compressed sensing cataloged procedure flow chart.
Fig. 7 is receiving terminal CS frame restructuring procedure flow chart.
Embodiment
Be elaborated below in conjunction with the technical scheme of accompanying drawing to invention:
Distributed video coding is divided into video group (abbreviating GoP as) as shown in Figure 1 with video sequence to be encoded, the GoP length of setting of the present invention is 2, with first frame of each GoP as key frame, be called for short the K frame, its follow-up frame is as non-key frame, employing compressed sensing coding, so be called for short the CS frame, the key frame of establishing among the current GoP that will encode is X
t, non-key frame is X
T+1, the key frame among the next GoP is X
T+2, by that analogy.
System arranges one group of parameter: the maximum block count of a two field picture is B, and piece is of a size of w * w, and 4 ascending threshold value Tm are set, (m=1 ..., 4), piece is measured factor-alpha
i, i=1 ..., B, total population of measured values of distributing to non-key each piece of frame is M, every population of measured values C
i
Fig. 2 has provided the distributed video coding/decoding system that a kind of CS frame adopts compressed sensing.Coding side is independently decoded key frame and CS frame absolute coding at the decoding end key frame, utilizes the correlation between picture frame, and the side information that produces reconstruct CS frame by the key frame of reconstruct is united and carried out CS reconstruct decoding.
Key frame coding [201] and decoding and reconstituting [202] can adopt any method, as intraframe coding H.264/AVC, also can adopt the compressed sensing coding, and receiving terminal decoding key frame obtains
Receiving terminal [203] processing unit receives the key frame images of reconstruct, it is carried out the number of measurements of dispensed CS frame to be encoded same position corresponding blocks behind the piecemeal, and (concrete steps is seen Fig. 3, Fig. 4) to feed back to transmitting terminal; Transmitting terminal CS frame encoder [204] is CS frame piecemeal, and every number of measurements information according to feedback after piece classified and adopts compressed sensing that piecemeal is measured coding (concrete steps are seen Fig. 6), sends to receiving terminal wait reconstruct and decodes; Receiving terminal calculates and produces the needed side information frame of [206] reconstruct CS frame S at first according to the key frame of reconstruct before and after the CS frame that receives
T+1The data that receiving terminal CS reconfiguration unit [206] is got corresponding reception piece, the side information that associating is corresponding adopts reconstructing method to calculate reconstructed image blocks of data (concrete steps are seen Fig. 7), and all piece reconstruct intact back combination obtains the CS frame of reconstruct
The concrete steps of CS frame coding reconstruct are as follows:
Step 1(is as shown in Figure 3): receiving terminal carries out piecemeal with the reconstruct key frame, calculate the compressed sensing of the corresponding piecemeal of transmitting terminal non-key frame same position to be encoded according to the DCT coefficient distribution of piecemeal and measure the factor, the number of measurements that non-key frame compressed sensing to be encoded is total is distributed to each image block in the frame according to the measurement factor of each piece, and feeds back to transmitting terminal; The dispensed process is as follows:
[301] and [302] finish image input and piecemeal, [303] calculate the measurement factor of each piece, [304] finish the distribution of piecemeal number of measurements according to measuring the factor; Wherein, computing block is measured the concrete grammar following (as shown in Figure 4) of the factor:
(1) piece is carried out dct transform;
(2) absolute value to the DCT coefficient of piecemeal sorts, and the maximum that obtains DCT coefficient absolute value in the piece is D;
(3) if D≤T
1, α then
iEqual 0;
If T1＜D≤T
2, α then
iThe difference that equals D and DCT coefficient absolute value in the piece smaller or equal to
The DCT coefficient number;
If T
2＜D≤T
3, α then
iFor the difference of D in the piece and DCT coefficient absolute value smaller or equal to
The DCT coefficient number;
If T
3＜D≤T
4, α then
iFor the difference of D in the piece and DCT coefficient absolute value smaller or equal to
The DCT coefficient number;
If D＞T
4, α then
iFor DCT coefficient absolute value in the piece greater than T
4The DCT coefficient number;
(4) obtain the measurement factor-alpha of piece
i
According to α
iValue is calculated the compressed sensing number of measurements C of transmitting terminal CS frame to be encoded corresponding blocks
i, its method is:
The number of measurements of (a 1) i piece
(2) if C
i〉=w
2, C
i=w
2
Step 2:CS encoder [204] is according to C
iSize, CS frame same position corresponding blocks to be encoded is divided into two types: extremely sparse and normal sparse, be denoted as ' V ' piece and ' N ' piece, division methods is as follows:
(1) if the number of measurements of piece equals 0, then this piece is divided into extremely sparse;
(2) if the number of measurements of piece, then is divided into this piece normal sparse greater than 0;
As shown in Figure 5,
Extremely sparse of expression, represents normal sparse,
The expression number of measurements reaches the normal sparse of possible limit.
Step 3:CS encoder [204] adopts two kinds of coded systems respectively according to the type of each piece: the piece that is labeled as ' V ' uses ' V ' coded system, and the piece that is labeled as ' N ' uses ' N ' coded system, method following (as shown in Figure 7):
(1) ' V ' coded system namely need not carried out compressed sensing to this piece at coding side and be measured, and a transmission block type information is to receiving terminal;
(2) ' N ' coded system, namely constructing a size is C
i* w
2The measurement matrix data to be encoded carried out compressed sensing measure, block type information and measurement data together are sent to receiving terminal;
Step 4: receiving terminal is gone out the side information frame (as Fig. 2 [205] unit) of this CS frame of reconstruct by former and later two key frame combined calculation of CS frame:
According to two two field pictures of input, adopt estimation, interpolation or additive method, calculate the Frame that can guide non-key frame reconstruct and all can be used as reconstruct side information frame.
Step 5: after receiving terminal receives each block data of CS frame, adopt corresponding method to carry out the image block reconstruct corresponding with block type, its method following (as shown in Figure 7):
(1) if receive ' V ' type blocks, the corresponding blocks data in the side information frame is copied reconstructed blocks data as this piece;
(2) if receive ' N ' type blocks, the iterative initial value with the DCT coefficient of corresponding blocks in the side information frame during as piece reconstruct carries out compressed sensing reconstruct to the measured value that receives, and obtains the reconstructed blocks data;
More than show and described basic principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should be appreciated that; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that describes in above-described embodiment and the specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications; these changes and improvements all fall in the scope of protection of present invention, and the scope of protection of present invention is to be defined by its equivalent of appending claims.
Claims (6)
1. the non-key frame compressed sensing of distributed video coding decoding method, it is characterized in that: described method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: receiving terminal carries out piecemeal with the reconstruct key frame, calculate the compressed sensing of the corresponding piecemeal of transmitting terminal non-key frame same position to be encoded according to the DCT coefficient distribution of piecemeal and measure the factor, the needed total number of measurements M of non-key frame compressed sensing to be encoded is measured the factor according to piece distribute to each image block, and feed back to transmitting terminal;
Step 2: the number of measurements C that transmitting terminal is assigned to according to the corresponding piecemeal of non-key frame to be encoded
iSize, encoding block is divided into two types: extremely sparse and normal sparse, be denoted as ' V ' piece and ' N ' piece;
Step 3: transmitting terminal adopts a kind of in two kinds of coded systems according to block type respectively to it: the piece that is labeled as ' V ' uses ' V ' coded system, and the piece that is labeled as ' N ' uses ' N ' coded system;
Step 4: receiving terminal is gone out the side information frame of this non-key frame of reconstruct by former and later two key frame combined calculation of non-key frame;
Step 5: after receiving terminal received the piecemeal measurement data of non-key frame, combined reconstruction side information frame adopted corresponding method to carry out the image block reconstruct corresponding with block type, and all piece reconstruct intact back reorganization obtains the reconstructed frame of non-key frame.
2. the non-key frame compressed sensing of a kind of distributed video coding according to claim 1 decoding method is characterized in that, the computational methods of measuring the factor in the compressed sensing of the piecemeal described in the step 1 are as follows:
(1) the maximum block count of establishing a two field picture is B, and piece is of a size of w * w, and 4 ascending threshold value Tm are set, (m=1 ..., 4), piece is measured factor-alpha
i, i=1 ..., B, the overall measurement value number of distributing to non-key each piece of frame is M, every population of measured values C
i
(2) absolute value to the DCT coefficient of piecemeal in the reconstruct key frame sorts, and the maximum of DCT coefficient absolute value is D in the piece;
(3) if D≤T
1, α then
iEqual 0;
If T
1＜D≤T
2, α then
iThe difference that equals D and DCT coefficient absolute value in the piece smaller or equal to
The DCT coefficient number;
If T
2＜D≤T
3, α then
iFor the difference of D in the piece and DCT coefficient absolute value smaller or equal to
The DCT coefficient number;
If T
3＜D≤T
4, α then
iFor the difference of D in the piece and DCT coefficient absolute value smaller or equal to
The DCT coefficient number;
If D＞T
4, α then
iFor DCT coefficient absolute value in the piece greater than T
4The DCT coefficient number;
(4) receiving terminal is according to α
iValue is calculated the compressed sensing number of measurements C of transmitting terminal non-key frame corresponding blocks to be encoded
i, its method is:
The number of measurements of (a 41) i piece
(42) if C
i〉=w
2, C
i=w
2
3. the non-key frame compressed sensing of a kind of distributed video coding according to claim 1 decoding method, it is characterized in that: described in the step 2 non-key frame same position corresponding blocks to be encoded is being divided into two types, its method is:
(1) if the number of measurements C of piece
iEqual 0, then this piece is divided into extremely sparse;
(2) if the number of measurements C of piece
iGreater than 0, then this piece is divided into normal sparse.
4. the non-key frame compressed sensing of a kind of distributed video coding according to claim 1 decoding method is characterized in that: the coded system in ' V ' coded system described in the step 3 and ' N ' coded system is as follows:
(1) ' V ' coded system namely need not carried out compressed sensing to this piece at coding side and be measured, and a transmission block type information is to receiving terminal;
(2) ' N ' coded system, namely constructing a size is C
i* w
2The measurement matrix data to be encoded carried out compressed sensing measure, block type information and measurement data together are sent to receiving terminal.
5. the non-key frame compressed sensing of a kind of distributed video coding according to claim 1 decoding method is characterized in that: the production method at the side information frame of non-key frame described in the step 4 is as follows:
According to two two field pictures of input, adopt estimation, interpolation or additive method, calculate the Frame that can guide non-key frame reconstruct and all can be used as reconstruct side information frame.
6. the non-key frame compressed sensing of a kind of distributed video coding according to claim 1 decoding method is characterized in that: at the described combined reconstruction side information of step 5 frame, adopt corresponding method to carry out the image block reconstruct corresponding with block type, its method is as follows:
(1) if receive ' V ' type blocks, the corresponding blocks data in the side information frame is copied reconstructed blocks data as this piece;
(2) if receive ' N ' type blocks, the iterative initial value with the DCT coefficient of corresponding blocks in the side information frame during as piece reconstruct carries out compressed sensing reconstruct to the measured value that receives, and obtains the reconstructed blocks data.
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| CN110087078A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-08-02 | 东华大学 | A kind of measurement end observation efficiency regulation method towards image component masses compressed sensing |
| CN110087078B (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2023-06-02 | 东华大学 | Image component block compressed sensing-oriented measurement end observation efficiency regulation and control method |
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