CN103337624A - Lead-acid storage battery negative lead plaster capable of inhibiting hydrogen evolution and preparation method - Google Patents
Lead-acid storage battery negative lead plaster capable of inhibiting hydrogen evolution and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103337624A CN103337624A CN2013102655889A CN201310265588A CN103337624A CN 103337624 A CN103337624 A CN 103337624A CN 2013102655889 A CN2013102655889 A CN 2013102655889A CN 201310265588 A CN201310265588 A CN 201310265588A CN 103337624 A CN103337624 A CN 103337624A
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention provides a lead-acid storage battery negative lead plaster capable of inhibiting hydrogen evolution and a preparation method. The technical scheme of the lead-acid storage battery negative lead plaster is as follows: the lead plaster is prepared from the following solid raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of lead powder, 1-3 parts of carbon source, 0.15-1.0 part of zinc source, 0.3-2 parts of barium sulfate, 0.1-0.5 part of sodium lignosulfonate and 0.01-0.5 part of fibers. The lead-acid storage battery negative lead plaster provided by the invention is characterized in that a certain quantity of zinc-containing compounds and different types of carbon are added to the negative lead plaster, so that the grain size and the microstructure of the lead negative material are improved, and therefore, the purposes of increasing the capacity of a lead-acid battery, enhancing the ability of the battery to accept charging and improving the charge-discharge cycle stability of the battery are achieved. Tests indicate that the doping of the zinc compound in the negative lead plaster causes the hydrogen evolution potential at the cathode of a lead-acid storage battery to be more negative, so that the hydrogen evolution difficulty is increased, the hydrogen evoluted is reduced, the consumption amount of an electrolyte in the use process is reduced and the service life of the battery can be prolonged; and furthermore, the odds of unsafe accidents such as explosion and the like are reduced to a certain extent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of storage battery lead plaster technology, particularly suppress lead-acid accumulator negative pole lead paste and the preparation method of liberation of hydrogen, belong to the battery technology field.
Background technology
Positive/negative plate is the parts of lead acid accumulator most critical, and the quality of positive/negative plate directly determines the discharge capacity of lead acid accumulator and charge and discharge to recycle the life-span.Though having occurred many kinds in recent years is the novel battery of representative with the lithium battery, but lead-acid battery still has the irreplaceable effect of other types battery with its cheap, safe and reliable, steady performance in fields such as traffic, electric power, communication, computer, national defence, railways.At present, the insider often is doped to by the carbon with different content and improves its conductivity in the cathode lead plaster, to improve the capacity of battery, prolongs the lead-acid battery life-span, reaches the purpose that has the good circulation performance under the high magnification.Yet the doping of carbon will make the hydrogen-evolution overpotential of plumbous negative pole shuffle, and might separate out a large amount of hydrogen when overcharging with large current charge, increases the water consumption, increases the possibility of dangerous event generations such as blast.In view of this, how to solve and add the gassing aggravation problem that more carbon black brings in the negative plate of lead-acid battery, reduce hydrogen-separating quantity, thereby reduce the consumption of acid, the generation of minimizing accident becomes problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: a kind of lead-acid accumulator negative pole lead paste and preparation method who reduces the inhibition liberation of hydrogen that hydrogen separates out is provided, described method is by adding carbon and zinc compound in proportion in cathode lead plaster, thereby increase the liberation of hydrogen difficulty simultaneously improving the negative plate performance, reduce hydrogen and separate out.
The alleged problem of the present invention is solved by following technical scheme:
A kind of lead-acid accumulator negative pole lead paste that suppresses liberation of hydrogen, its special feature is: described lead plaster solid material is made by following weight unit's matter: lead powder 100, carbon source 1～3, zinc source 0.15～1.0, barium sulfate 0.3～2, sodium lignosulfonate 0.1～0.5, fiber 0.01～0.5.
The lead-acid accumulator negative pole lead paste of above-mentioned inhibition liberation of hydrogen, described carbon source are two or more combinations in graphite, carbon black, superconduct carbon black, acetylene black, the carbon nano-tube; Described zinc source is the one or more combination of zinc oxide, zinc sulphide, zinc sulfate.
The lead-acid accumulator negative pole lead paste of above-mentioned inhibition liberation of hydrogen, described leady oxide amount is 65%～80%, and described barium sulfate is 2500 order fine barium sulfates, and described sodium lignosulfonate is Norway's lignin, and described fiber is polyester fiber.
The preparation method of the lead-acid accumulator negative pole lead paste of above-mentioned inhibition liberation of hydrogen, it is undertaken by following operation:
A. prepare burden: take by weighing each raw material by above-mentioned lead plaster raw material proportioning;
B. premix: the lead powder with formula ratio carbon source, zinc source, sodium lignosulfonate, barium sulfate and lead powder total amount 0.5%～5%, mix, standby;
C. do to mix: lead powder and the above-mentioned raw material through premix of remainder are put into paste mixing machine do mixed;
D. wet mixing: after doing mixed 1min～5min, pour into fast by distilled water and proportional quantity fiber and mix the suspension-turbid liquid of forming, wherein distilled water is solid material total weight 10-20%, stir 2min～5min after, the 1.400g/cm that slowly adds lead powder weight 6～14%, density and be
3Sulfuric acid solution, the limit adds sour limit stirs, and stirs 10min～30min, goes out cream.
The present invention is directed to the cathode lead plaster hydrogen that solve to reduce doping carbon separates out problem and improves, break through the conventional technology of preparing of lead-acid accumulator negative pole lead paste, in cathode lead plaster, add certain zinc compound and dissimilar carbon by proportioning, improve particle size and the microstructure of plumbous negative material, thereby reach the capacity that improves lead-acid battery, improve charge acceptance, and the purpose that increases charge and discharge cycles stability.Test shows, it is more negative that the doping of Zinc compounds can make the hydrogen-evolution overpotential of acid accumulator negative pole lead in the cathode lead plaster, increase the liberation of hydrogen difficulty, reducing hydrogen separates out, reduce the consumption of electrolyte in the use, be conducive to improve the life of storage battery, also reduced the possibility that dangerous accidents such as blast take place to a certain extent.Compare with routine techniques, the battery capacity that adopts the technology of the present invention to make can improve 5～10%, and acid consumption reduces by 10～20%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the discharge curve that is assembled into cell with the negative plate of the inventive method preparation;
Fig. 2 is X-ray diffraction (XRD) figure after changing into the negative plate that the inventive method prepares;
Fig. 3 is scanning electron microscopy (SEM) figure after changing into the negative plate that the inventive method prepares;
Fig. 4 is with the negative plate of the inventive method preparation and the liberation of hydrogen curve of common negative plate;
Fig. 5 is the consumption comparison schematic diagram that the negative plate with the inventive method preparation is assembled into water after 20 charge and discharge cycles of cell and conventional accumulators circulation.
Embodiment
Key technology of the present invention is that lead-acid accumulator negative pole lead paste raw material proportioning is improved, and adds certain carbon source and zinc source in the cathode lead plaster raw material in proportion.Can improve the conductivity of active material after in the cathode lead plaster carbon source being added as conductive agent, when discharge latter stage, the active material major part all becomes PbS0 especially
4Crystal need improve its conductivity.When the adding carbon source is improved its conductivity in the cathode lead plaster, the hydrogen-evolution overpotential of plumbous negative pole is shuffled, when overcharging with large current charge, be separated out a large amount of hydrogen, increase the water consumption, increase the possibility of dangerous event generations such as exploding.For this reason, the present invention has added zinc source such as zinc oxide, zinc sulphide, zinc sulfate etc. in the cathode lead plaster raw material.The interpolation of Zinc compounds can improve the hydrogen-evolution overpotential of lead acid accumulator, reduces the consumption of electrolyte in the use, reduces hydrogen and separates out, and has reduced the possibility that dangerous accidents such as blast take place to a certain extent.The standard electrode potential of zinc is-1.216V that plumbous standard electrode potential is-0.54V that therefore, zinc has more negative electrode potential, is not easy to be reduced to metallic zinc.Zinc oxide is a kind of water-fast white amphoteric oxide, is wide bandgap semiconductor materials, because zinc oxide is big to the affinity of electronics, make hydrogen ion be not easy electron gain and generate neutral hydrogen molecule, therefore, be equivalent to improve the deposition potential of hydrogen, can have reduced separating out of hydrogen.Zinc oxide can precipitate under the effect of sulfuric acid electrolyte in the electrolyte as a kind of basic anhydride, and the zinc content in the negative plate reduces, and the liberation of hydrogen inhibitory action reduces.Addition is more big more obvious to the effect that suppresses liberation of hydrogen, but the corresponding reduction of the amount of the more big active material of addition meeting influences discharge capacity, and addition too much can cause plate active material loose after the dissolving in addition, causes comparatively fast to come off.Therefore, be determined by experiment the addition in zinc source.Zinc sulphide, zinc sulfate and zinc oxide have the similar mechanism of action, do not do herein and give unnecessary details.
Cathode lead plaster solid material proportioning of the present invention following (mass parts): lead powder 100, carbon source 1～3, zinc source 0.15～1.0, barium sulfate 0.3～2, sodium lignosulfonate 0.1～0.5, fiber 0.01～0.5.Wherein, carbon source is two or more combinations (single material with carbon element structure is single relatively, and action effect is relatively poor) in graphite, carbon black, superconduct carbon black, acetylene black, the carbon nano-tube; Described zinc source is the one or more combination of zinc oxide, zinc sulphide, zinc sulfate; Described leady oxide amount is 65%～80%, and described barium sulfate is 2500 order fine barium sulfates, and described sodium lignosulfonate is Norway's lignin, and described fiber is polyester fiber, and described sulfuric acid density is 1.400g/cm
3
To be coated in equably on the grid according to the lead plaster that proportioning of the present invention is made, 30～50 ℃ of temperature, solidified 24 hours under the condition of humidity 〉=85%RH, then 70～100 ℃ of temperature, humidity≤40%RH oven dry is namely made negative plate.3 negative plates that prepare as stated above and 2 conventional positive plates are constituted an about 2Ah battery, then at 1.05g/cm
3Dilute sulfuric acid change into: at first shelved 20 minutes, and with 300mA current charges 50min, left standstill 8min then, with 700mA current charges 240min, leave standstill 10min, with 600mA current charges 480min, leave standstill 10min, again 200mA current charges 120min.Referring to Fig. 1-5, Fig. 1 is negative plate of the present invention discharge curve under the 1.25C multiplying power, and discharge end capacity is 2286mAh, exceeds about 7% than the capacity of regular convention formula battery.Fig. 2 is X-ray diffraction (XRD) figure of negative plate of the present invention, and as seen, the peak type is sharply clear, illustrates that crystal formation is better, and assorted peak is compared as can be known with the standard card of lead, and product is mainly based on simple substance lead.Fig. 3 is the scanning electron microscope diagram of negative plate of the present invention after changing into, and as seen from the figure, this negative material particle is less and than homogeneous.Fig. 4 is the present invention and the liberation of hydrogen curve of common negative plate under identical charging current condition, as seen under identical electric current, the fill a prescription hydrogen-evolution overpotential (A curve) of the battery made of the present invention is more negative, be that the present invention fills a prescription that to separate out hydrogen more difficult for battery, so the consumption of water is littler under the same conditions.Monocell and the comparisons of the consumption of water afterwards of regular convention formula battery circulation 20 circles that Fig. 5 makes for negative plate of the present invention, the battery consumption water yield of this prescription (A figure) is 56 milliliters, and the battery consumption water yield of regular convention formula (B figure) is 71 milliliters, explanation is under state-of-charge and cycle-index, and the battery consumption water yield that the negative plate of this prescription is done still less.This is consistent with the result of Fig. 4.
Below provide several specific embodiments of cathode lead plaster raw material proportioning of the present invention:
Embodiment 1, takes by weighing following cathode lead plaster raw material: lead powder 1000g, graphite 10 g, carbon black 5 g, zinc oxide 1.5 g, barium sulfate 3g, sodium lignosulfonate 1 g, fiber 0.1 g.
Embodiment 2, take by weighing following cathode lead plaster raw material: lead powder 1000g, carbon black 10 g, superconduct carbon black 15 g, zinc oxide 3 g, zinc sulphide 1.5 g,, barium sulfate 10g, sodium lignosulfonate 5g, fiber 5 g.
Embodiment 3, take by weighing following cathode lead plaster raw material: lead powder 1000g, graphite 10 g, carbon black 15 g, acetylene black 5 g, zinc oxide 5 g, barium sulfate 20g, sodium lignosulfonate 4g, fiber 3g.
Embodiment 4, take by weighing following cathode lead plaster raw material: lead powder 1000g, carbon nano-tube 5 g, carbon black 5 g, zinc sulfate 7 g, barium sulfate 12g, sodium lignosulfonate 3 g, fiber 2 g.
Embodiment 5, take by weighing following cathode lead plaster raw material: lead powder 1000g, graphite 7 g, superconduct carbon black 12 g, carbon black 5 g, zinc sulphide 10g, barium sulfate 8g, sodium lignosulfonate 2 g, fiber 0.5 g.
Embodiment 6, take by weighing following cathode lead plaster raw material: lead powder 1000g, carbon nano-tube 15 g, carbon black 15 g, zinc sulphide 1g, zinc sulfate 8 g, barium sulfate 12g, sodium lignosulfonate 3 g, fiber 2 g.
The preparation method of cathode lead plaster of the present invention is as follows: a. batching: take by weighing each raw material by above-mentioned lead plaster raw material proportioning; B. premix: formula ratio carbon source, zinc source, marasperse BS, barium sulfate etc. are mixed with part lead powder (lead powder total amount 0.5%～5%), the purpose of lead powder premix is to make additive, particularly carbon source and zinc source are evenly distributed in lead powder, dried the mixing of simple dependence paste mixing machine is difficult to accomplish, if additive and lead powder mix uneven, local too much material with carbon element may cause defectives such as lead plaster comes off, gassing aggravation.Standby; C. do to mix: lead powder and the above-mentioned raw material through premix of remainder are put into paste mixing machine do mixed; D. wet mixing: after doing mixed 1min～5min, pour into fast by distilled water and proportional quantity fiber and mix the suspension-turbid liquid of forming, wherein distilled water is solid material total weight 10-20%, stir 2min～5min after, the 1.400g/cm that slowly adds lead powder weight 6～14%, density and be
3Sulfuric acid solution, the limit adds sour limit stirs, and stirs 10min～30min, goes out cream.
Claims (4)
1. lead-acid accumulator negative pole lead paste that suppresses liberation of hydrogen, it is characterized in that: described lead plaster solid material is made by following weight unit's matter: lead powder 100, carbon source 1～3, zinc source 0.15～1.0, barium sulfate 0.3～2, sodium lignosulfonate 0.1～0.5, fiber 0.01～0.5.
2. the lead-acid accumulator negative pole lead paste of inhibition liberation of hydrogen according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described carbon source is two or more combinations in graphite, carbon black, superconduct carbon black, acetylene black, the carbon nano-tube; Described zinc source is the one or more combination of zinc oxide, zinc sulphide, zinc sulfate.
3. the lead-acid accumulator negative pole lead paste of inhibition liberation of hydrogen according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described leady oxide amount is 65%～80%, described barium sulfate is 2500 order fine barium sulfates, and described sodium lignosulfonate is Norway's lignin, and described fiber is polyester fiber.
4. according to the preparation method of the lead-acid accumulator negative pole lead paste of claim 1 or 2 or 3 described inhibition liberations of hydrogen, it is characterized in that it is undertaken by following operation:
A. prepare burden: take by weighing each raw material by above-mentioned lead plaster raw material proportioning;
B. premix: the lead powder of formula ratio carbon source, zinc source, marasperse BS, barium sulfate etc. and lead powder total amount 0.5%～5% is mixed, standby;
C. do to mix: lead powder and the above-mentioned raw material through premix of remainder are put into paste mixing machine do mixed;
D. wet mixing: after doing mixed 1min～5min, pour into fast by distilled water and proportional quantity fiber and mix the suspension-turbid liquid of forming, wherein distilled water is solid material total weight 10-20%, stir 2min～5min after, the 1.400g/cm that slowly adds lead powder weight 6～14%, density and be
3Sulfuric acid solution, the limit adds sour limit stirs, and stirs 10min～30min, goes out cream.
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| CN105489849A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-04-13 | 河北师范大学 | Preparation method of lithium titanium oxide containing lead-acid storage battery negative plate |
| CN106252746A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2016-12-21 | 浙江天地之光电池制造有限公司 | A kind of lead crystal accumulator |
| CN106450325A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-22 | 浙江平湖华龙实业股份有限公司 | Modified nanometer silicon-based oxide composite lead-acid battery of electric baby carriage |
| CN107275581A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-10-20 | 双登集团股份有限公司 | Cathode lead plaster homogenization containing carbon material |
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| CN105489849A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-04-13 | 河北师范大学 | Preparation method of lithium titanium oxide containing lead-acid storage battery negative plate |
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