CN103334807A - Electric engine braking actuation device provided with driving shaft - Google Patents
Electric engine braking actuation device provided with driving shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN103334807A CN103334807A CN2013102144370A CN201310214437A CN103334807A CN 103334807 A CN103334807 A CN 103334807A CN 2013102144370 A CN2013102144370 A CN 2013102144370A CN 201310214437 A CN201310214437 A CN 201310214437A CN 103334807 A CN103334807 A CN 103334807A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electric engine braking actuation device provided with a driving shaft, which is applied to a diesel engine. The device is suitable for an engine braking function and comprises an exhaust rocker arm assembly, a braking rocker arm, a rocker arm shaft, a braking rocker arm bushing, an adjusting bolt, a camshaft, a rocker arm shaft pressing block, a support, a control mechanism, an air valve bridge, an exhaust valve, a driving mechanism, a position sensor and a torsional spring, wherein a braking cam is additionally arranged on the camshaft for driving the braking rocker arm; when an engine braking device is required to work, the control mechanism adjusts an optimum position of the rocker arm shaft; and the control mechanism can allow the rocker arm shaft to continuously rotate and can change an axis position of the braking rocker arm bushing, so that a distance between the adjusting bolt and a sliding pin can be changed continuously, a braking valve stroke is adjusted in real time, and the engine can obtain the optimum braking performance within a full rotation speed range. The device allows the engine to obtain the optimum braking performance within the full rotation speed range, so that the engine is longer in service life and higher in efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of braking executive device and be applied on the diesel engine, be specifically related to a kind of genemotor braking executive device system that realizes the band live axle of continuous adjustable valve braking lift.
Background technique
Diesel engine is mainly as the power source of commercial car.When diesel engine was made positive work, in 360 ° of (720 ° of crankshaft rotating) processes of camshaft rotation, motor was finished air inlet, compression, acting and four work cycle of exhaust.When compression stroke finished, fuel oil sprayed in the cylinder and burns, externally acting in expansion stroke subsequently.On the diesel engine camshaft, generally include intake cam and exhaust cam, intake cam is opened intake valve in aspirating stroke enter in the cylinder air, and exhaust cam is used for opening exhaust valve the waste gas of burning is discharged cylinder in exhaust stroke.
Along with the development of technology, diesel engine also need further satisfy the requirement of car load auxiliary braking system except satisfying as the required performance index of car load power source, promotes car load auxiliary braking performance effectively such as the engine braking The Application of Technology.
The resistance that the engine braking technology produces when referring to utilize the motor operation is effectively controlled the speed of a motor vehicle, engine braking is by the fall holder of automobile to motor, utilize mechanical loss, pumping loss and the compression work etc. of motor to produce braking function, thereby increase automobile brake power.Three kinds of the engine braking technology is divided into Compression Engine braking, lose heart formula engine braking and part are lost heart formula engine brakings.The Compression Engine braking is to open exhaust valve or auxiliary valve near compression top center; The formula engine braking that loses heart is to open exhaust valve in whole motor circulation; The disappointing formula engine braking of part is to open exhaust valve at most of stroke of motor circulation.The engine braking The Application of Technology reduces the frequency of utilization of Service Brake effectively, car load is when precipitous road surfaces such as lower long slope, rugged hill path, use engine braking, can avoid because of the long-time break that uses, cause the temperature of brake bush to raise, braking force is descended, in addition ineffective.
The actuating device of valve mechanism can provide one or a plurality of auxiliary valve lift, is used for realizing the engine braking function.Present a plurality of patent of invention relates to this The Application of Technology, major technique is to comprise extra one or several auxiliary lift outside cam master lift, according to the needs of engine operation, the valve mechanism actuating device works (realizing the engine braking function) auxiliary lift or it is not worked.
Traditional engine braking apparatus mainly comprises a support, arrange one or several internal oil passages on the support, in the active valve opening and driven valve opening that aggressive valve and servo valve are rack-mount, aggressive valve can be slided in the active valve opening, servo valve can slide in driven valve opening, initiatively valve opening and driven valve opening are communicated with by the oil circuit on the support, and whether electromagnetic valve oil circuit fuel feeding in the support.When the engine valve actuating device was worked, machine oil entered the hydraulic circuit on the support, because the incompressibility of machine oil, servo valve can not slide in driven valve opening, opened valve under the driving of the auxiliary lift of camshaft.During cancellation auxiliary valve lift, machine oil can flow out by the oil circuit on support.
Patent 201080019296.1 is the moving changeable air valve braking system of sky that engine braking and exhaust are opened in advance that is used for of Jacobs Vehicle Systems Inc. application, this disclosure of the Invention a kind of provide compression to discharge braking with the motor run duration in the engine braking pattern and provide the method and system of the braking of exhauxt valve opens in advance, described method and system also to provide and compress at the motor run duration of positive pattern for braking I. C. engine exhaust door discharge braking and the braking of exhauxt valve opens in advance waste gas recirculation and/or brake gas recirculation linked together; Patent 200780025923.0 is the method for the operation engine brake of Jacobs Vehicle Systems Inc.'s application, this disclosure of the Invention be used for the engine valve of brake setting between engine cylinder and gas exhaust manifold with the method and apparatus of the engine braking of being combined to provide compression-release with exhaust throttle and brake gas recirculation; Patent WO2010/126479 A1 is that the special engine brake rocker arm (Dedicated Rocker Arm Engine Brake) of Jacobs Vehicle Systems Inc.'s application is to realize the Compression Engine braking by the rocking arm integration mode.
Engine braking performance largely depends on the unlatching lift of braking valve and opens timing.Braking valve lift and to open timing be optimum to braking ability when certain engine speed can not satisfy braking ability optimum in the full speed range of motor.The engine braking apparatus of prior art does not have the continuously adjustable function of braking valve lift, simultaneously, the available engine braking technology can not change the valve opening timing according to delivery temperature, when causing excessive discharge temperature during engine braking work, the life-span of engine component (particularly oil nozzle) reduces.
Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned defective, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of simply, valve actuating device efficiently, described device comprises a closed loop control braking system, can adjust braking valve lift and braking timing in real time, improve the braking ability of the full rotating speed of motor, can change the braking timing simultaneously according to the feedback of exhaust gas temperature sensor and avoid excessive discharge temperature, remedy the deficiency of above-mentioned valve actuating device, to solve prior art problems.
For achieving the above object, the present invention has adopted following technological scheme:
A kind of genemotor braking executive device with live axle, comprise exhaust rocker arm assembly, brake rocker arm, pitman arm shaft, brake rocker arm lining, adjustment bolt, camshaft, control mechanism, air valve bridge, exhaust valve, driving mechanism, position transducer, torsion spring;
Described exhaust rocker arm assembly and described brake rocker arm are arranged adjacent each other on the described pitman arm shaft, near the engine compresses top dead center, open exhaust valve and realize engine braking, camshaft at motor increases a brake cam, and described brake cam drives described brake rocker arm; Described brake rocker arm lining rotation, the valve clearance is reserved in compensation, and the little lift of brake cam works, and under the driving of described brake rocker arm, exhaust valve is opened as requested, plays the purpose of engine braking.
According to the genemotor braking executive device of the described band live axle of the embodiment of the invention, when described brake rocker arm is not worked at braking device, do not influence the motion of exhaust valve, when braking device is worked, can realize engine braking.
According to the genemotor braking executive device of the described band live axle of the embodiment of the invention, the adjustment bolt on the described brake rocker arm and the gap between the sliding pin on the air valve bridge can overcome the little lift of brake cam.
According to the genemotor braking executive device of the described band live axle of the embodiment of the invention, described brake rocker arm lining can be around the rotation of described pitman arm shaft, compensates adjustment bolt on the described brake rocker arm and the gap between the sliding pin on the air valve bridge.
According to the genemotor braking executive device of the described band live axle of the embodiment of the invention, described brake rocker arm lining eccentric position in rotary course changes, and makes described brake rocker arm change in location.
According to the genemotor braking executive device of the described band live axle of the embodiment of the invention, described torsion spring contacts described brake rocker arm all the time with camshaft in engine working process.
According to the genemotor braking executive device of the described band live axle of the embodiment of the invention, the end of described brake rocker arm lining is connected with driving mechanism.
According to the genemotor braking executive device of the described band live axle of the embodiment of the invention, described driving mechanism comprises live axle, ball pin, driveshaft and round key; Described live axle is fixed on the cylinder cap with described pitman arm shaft briquetting and described bearing, and described live axle can rotate freely in described bearing, and described live axle is provided with drive shaft hole; Described driveshaft end is provided with the driveshaft hole, and front end is provided with spherical nest, and described brake rocker arm lining end is provided with the rocker arm bush hole; Described round key passes described rocker arm bush hole and described driveshaft hole links together described driveshaft and described brake rocker arm lining; Described ball pin end is installed on the described drive shaft hole of described live axle, rotates with the rotation of described live axle, and described ball pin front end is installed in the spherical nest of described driveshaft front end; The swing arm of described ball pin, driveshaft and brake rocker arm lining constitutes three-link mechanism, and described live axle rotates under the driving of described control mechanism, drives the motion of described ball pin and described driveshaft, thereby drives described brake rocker arm lining rotation.
According to the genemotor braking executive device of the described band live axle of the embodiment of the invention, described driving mechanism comprises live axle, roller and roller shaft; Described live axle is fixed on the cylinder cap with pitman arm shaft briquetting and bearing, and described pitman arm shaft briquetting front end is fixed described pitman arm shaft, and described live axle is supported in the rear end, and described live axle can rotate freely at the pitman arm shaft briquetting; Described roller shaft is installed in the end of described brake rocker arm lining, and described roller is installed on the described roller shaft, and the position of corresponding described roller arranges projection on described live axle; When described live axle rotated under the driving of control mechanism, described projection drove described roller and drives described brake rocker arm lining rotation.
According to the genemotor braking executive device of the described band live axle of the embodiment of the invention, described driving mechanism comprises live axle and gear; Live axle is fixed on the cylinder cap with pitman arm shaft briquetting and bearing, and described pitman arm shaft briquetting front end is fixed described pitman arm shaft, and described live axle is supported in the rear end, and described live axle can rotate freely at the pitman arm shaft briquetting; Described gear is installed on the live axle, and the tip designs of described brake rocker arm lining becomes the described gear on gear structure and the described live axle to be meshed; When described live axle rotated under the driving of described control mechanism, the gear structure of the described brake rocker arm lining of described gear drive end drove described brake rocker arm lining rotation.
Owing to adopted above technical characteristics, made the present invention have following advantage and good effect than prior art:
The first, genemotor brake device structure of the present invention is simple, good rigidity, and cost is low;
The second, the position of component relation in the continuable change braking system of apparatus of the present invention continuously changes braking valve-opening time and lift, improves the braking ability in the full speed range;
Three, the present invention is when excessive discharge temperature, open exhaust valve in advance by the valve actuating device, gas pressure when reducing compression stroke, thus reduce cylinder temperature, avoid engine overheat to reduce part life, improved the reliability of engine braking working procedure.
Certainly, implement any one specific embodiment of content of the present invention, might not have above whole technique effect simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the invention 1 genemotor braking device work frame chart;
Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the invention 1 genemotor braking device workflow diagram;
Fig. 3 is the side view of embodiment's 2 Rocker arm assemblies;
Fig. 4 is the plan view of embodiment's 2 Rocker arm assemblies;
Fig. 5 is the decomposition view of embodiment's 2 braking system;
Fig. 6 is embodiment's 2 pitman arm shafts and brake rocker arm lining coupled condition sectional view;
Fig. 7 is braking eccentric bush axial location variation diagram;
Fig. 8 is the structural drawing of embodiment's 2 control mechanism schemes 1;
Fig. 9 is the structural drawing of embodiment's 2 control mechanism schemes 2;
Figure 10 is the structural drawing of embodiment's 2 control mechanism schemes 3;
Figure 11 is the decomposition view of embodiment's 2 control mechanism schemes 3;
Figure 12 is the structural drawing of embodiment's 2 control mechanism schemes 4;
Figure 13 is the decomposition view of embodiment's 2 control mechanism schemes 4;
Figure 14 is the side view of embodiment's 3 Rocker arm assemblies;
Figure 15 is the plan view of embodiment's 3 Rocker arm assemblies;
Figure 16 is the decomposition view of embodiment's 3 braking system;
Figure 17 is the structural drawing of embodiment's 3 driving mechanism schemes 1;
Figure 18 is the side view of embodiment's 3 driving mechanism schemes 1;
Figure 19 is the decomposition view of embodiment's 3 driving mechanism schemes 1;
Figure 20 is the structural drawing of embodiment's 3 driving mechanism schemes 2;
Figure 21 is the structural drawing of embodiment's 3 driving mechanism schemes 3.
Embodiment
Under the technological scheme of summary of the invention explanation, for ease of understanding, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing several preferred embodiments of the present invention is described in detail, but the present invention is not restricted to these embodiments.The present invention is contained any in substituting of making of marrow of the present invention and scope, modification, equivalent method and scheme.Understand for the public is had completely the present invention, in the following preferred embodiment of the present invention, describe concrete details in detail, and do not have the description of these details also can understand the present invention fully for a person skilled in the art.In addition, for fear of essence of the present invention is caused unnecessary obscuring, do not describe well-known method, process, flow process, element etc. in detail.
Embodiment 1
Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, genemotor braking device of the present invention comprises that braking system 1 is used for engine braking, signal wheel 2, position transducer 3, control unit of engine 4, engine braking ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 5, drive unit 11, exhaust gas temperature sensor 8, speed probe 9 and Control Shaft 10, and drive unit 11 comprises control mechanism 6 and driving mechanism 7.
Braking system 1, signal wheel 2, position transducer 3, control unit of engine 4, engine braking ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 5, control mechanism 6, driving mechanism 7, exhaust gas temperature sensor 8, speed probe 9, Control Shaft 10 constitute a modular system together, can use at different motors.Working control axle 10 phase places pass to position transducer 3 records by signal wheel 2, and the position signal of reality fed back to engine braking ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 5, theoretical Control Shaft 10 positions real-time and that engine braking ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 5 introversion line charts are determined compare, and form the closed loop control braking system.
As Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 6, genemotor braking valve actuating device of the present invention comprises exhaust rocker arm assembly 2001, brake rocker arm 2002; pitman arm shaft 2003; brake rocker arm roller 2004; brake rocker arm lining 2005; adjust bolt 2006; camshaft 2007; pitman arm shaft briquetting 2008; round key 2009; brake rocker arm roller shaft 2010; control mechanism 2011(as shown in Figure 8); air valve bridge 2012; exhaust valve 2013; second exhaust valve 2014; rocking arm outer shaft 2015; position transducer 2016; signal wheel 2161; torsion spring 2017; adjust nut 2018.
Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 6 be a closed loop control braking system 2100 that adopts brake cam to drive.Exhaust valve 2013, second exhaust valve 2014 are mushroom valves, are used for gas flow between control motor internal furnace and the intake and exhaust manifold.Closed loop control braking system 2100 can be used for realizing engine braking and need valve to have the situation of auxiliary lift.Closed loop control braking system 2100 comprises that a pitman arm shaft 2003 and rocking arm outer shaft 2015, three cylinder or six cylinders share a pitman arm shaft 2003 and a rocking arm outer shaft 2015.Exhaust rocker arm assembly 2001 and brake rocker arm 2002 are arranged adjacent each other on the rocking arm outer shaft 2015, exhaust rocker arm assembly 2001 and brake rocker arm 2002 rotate around rocking arm outer shaft 2015 under camshaft 2007 drives, and rocking arm outer shaft 2015 is fixed on cylinder cap or other fixing devices through two bolts hole on the pitman arm shaft briquetting 2008.
Exhaust rocker arm assembly 2001 drives exhaust valve 2013 simultaneously by air valve bridge 2012 and second exhaust valve 2014 is realized exhaust stroke.Camshaft 2007 rotations, cam 2702 drives exhaust rocker arm assembly 2001, makes exhaust rocker arm assembly 2001 around 2015 rotations of rocking arm outer shaft.The sliding pin 2121 that brake rocker arm 2002 optionally drives on the air valve bridge 2012 is opened exhaust valve 2013 realization engine braking functions.The shoulder in sliding pin hole cooperates on shoulder in the middle of the sliding pin 2121 and the air valve bridge 2012.
Brake rocker arm roller shaft 2010 is installed in the end of brake rocker arm 2002, brake rocker arm roller 2004 is installed on the brake rocker arm roller shaft 2010 and brake cam 2701 contacts, and brake rocker arm 2002 rotates around rocking arm outer shaft 2015 under the driving of brake cam 2701.Brake cam 2701 comprises projection 2711 and basic circle 2721 two-part.Brake cam 2701 can make motor realize the disappointing formula engine braking of compression type, the formula of losing heart and part.The Compression Engine braking is to open exhaust valve or braking valve near compression top center; The formula engine braking that loses heart is to open exhaust valve in whole motor circulation; The disappointing formula engine braking of part is to open exhaust valve at most of stroke of motor circulation.
In engine working process, brake rocker arm 2002 remains with brake cam 2701 and contacts, and as shown in Figure 4, torsion spring 2,017 one ends are fixed on the brake rocker arm 2002, the other end is fixed on the rocking arm outer shaft 2015, and torsion spring 2017 is pressed to brake cam 2701 with brake rocker arm 2002.In engine working process, torsion spring 2017 has enough spring forces that brake rocker arm 2002 is contacted with brake cam 2701 always.
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, brake rocker arm 2002 comprises bush hole 2201, and bush hole 2201 extends laterally across the centre of brake rocker arm 2002, at the bush hole 2201 inner brake rocker arm linings 2005 of installing, and the brake rocker arm lining 2005 inner rocking arm outer shafts 2015 of installing.The rocker arm bush hole 2501 that arranges along the pitman arm shaft Vertical direction is arranged on the brake rocker arm lining 2005; pitman arm shaft 2003 corresponding positions arrange rocker shaft hole 2301; the outer axial trough 2151 of corresponding rocking arm is set on the rocking arm outer shaft 2015; brake rocker arm lining 2005 is by round key 2009, and axial trough 2151, rocker shaft hole 2301 are fixed on the pitman arm shaft 2003 outside rocker arm bush hole 2501, rocking arm.The outer axial trough 2151 of rocking arm on the rocking arm outer shaft 2015 is that the long strip groove can make round key 2009 slide within it.Adjust bolt 2006 locks and pay in the through hole of brake rocker arm 2002, to adjust nut 2018 according to setting the exposed length that determines to adjust bolt 2006.
The pitman arm shaft front end is arranged control mechanism 2011, and control mechanism 2011 can drive pitman arm shaft 2003 rotations.Control mechanism 2011 is fixed on the pitman arm shaft front end by bolt or other devices, brake rocker arm lining 2005 is eccentric structure, when pitman arm shaft 2003 rotates under the effect of control mechanism 2011, drive 2005 rotations of brake rocker arm lining, thereby the change eccentric position changes and adjusts the distance between the sliding pin 2121 on bolt 2006 and the air valve bridge 2012.Therefore control mechanism 2011 can make pitman arm shaft 2003 rotate continuously, adjusts that the distance between the sliding pin 2121 can change continuously on bolt 2006 and the air valve bridge 2012, thereby braking lift and braking timing are changed continuously.Different braking lifts is provided when different rotating speeds, improves the braking ability in the full speed range.
Scheme 1: as shown in Figure 8, control mechanism 2011 comprises worm screw 2019, worm gear 2020, lock bolt 2021 and motor 2022.Worm gear 2020 is fixed on the front end of pitman arm shaft 2003 by lock bolt 2021, the end of worm screw 2019 is connected with worm gear 2020, and the other end of worm screw 2019 is connected with motor 2022, under motor 2022 effects, worm screw 2019 drives worm gear 2020 rotations, thereby drives pitman arm shaft 2003 rotations.
Scheme 2: as shown in Figure 9, control mechanism 2011 comprises motor 2023, drive bevel gear 2024, bevel gear 2025, drive link 2026, sleeve 2027, connecting pin 2028, controlling rod 2029 and locking nut 2030.Controlling rod 2029 is fixed on the front end of pitman arm shaft 2003 by locking nut 2030, sleeve 2027 is fixed on the lower end of controlling rod 2029 by connecting pin 2028, the internal thread engagement of the outside thread of drive link 2026 and sleeve 2027 can be moved sleeve 2027 along the direction perpendicular to pitman arm shaft 2003.Drive bevel gear 2024 is fixed on drive link 2026 front ends, and bevel gear 2025 is fixed on motor 2023 front ends, and drive bevel gear 2024 and bevel gear 2025 are intermeshed.Use bevel gear drive can change the sense of rotation of direct current generator 2023, make direct current generator 2023 can be parallel to pitman arm shaft 2003 and place.When motor 2023 controlled signal rotation, it rotates by after drive bevel gear 2024, the bevel gear 2025 change directions, through drive link 2026, sleeve 2027, controlling rod 2029 transmissions, drives pitman arm shaft 2003 and rotates.
Scheme 3: as shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, control mechanism 2011 comprises base 2031, rotor 2032, stator 2033, top cover 2034, lock pair bolt 2035, stud 2036 and nut 2037.Base 2031 is fixed on cylinder cap or other fixing devices, stator 2033 and top cover 2034 are fixed on the base 2031 by stud 2036 and nut 2037, rotor 2032 is installed between base 2031 and the top cover 2034, and rotor 2032 is paid bolt 2035 with pitman arm shaft 2003 with lock and is connected; Four baffle plates are arranged on the stator 2033, four baffle plates are arranged on the rotor 2032, form oil closed cavity between the baffle plate of stator 2033 and rotor 2032, the fuel feeding in the oil pocket of the oil circuit on pitman arm shaft 2003 or other device, make rotor 2032 around stator 2033 rotations, thereby drive pitman arm shaft 2003 rotations.
Scheme 4: as Figure 12 and shown in Figure 13, control mechanism 2011 comprises motor 2038, drive link 2039, straight pin 2040, planet carrier 2041, plural fixing pin 2042, plural planet wheel 2043, sun gear 2044, external toothing 2045 and bolt 2046.External toothing 2045 is fixed on cylinder cap or other fixing devices, one end and the motor 2038 of drive link 2039 are fixed together, the other end is fixed on the planet carrier 2041 by straight pin 2040, and planet wheel 2043 is fixed on the planet carrier 2041 by fixing pin 2042, is placed in the described external toothing 2045; The application is example with four planet wheels, but can not be used for limiting the application.Sun gear 2044 is fixed on the pitman arm shaft 2003 by bolt 2046, sun gear 2044 and planet wheel 2043 engagements.When motor 2038 controlled signal rotation, drive drive link 2039 and rotate, the planet wheel 2043 that drives on the planet carrier 2041 rotates, and rotates thereby drive sun gear 2044, drives pitman arm shaft 2003 and rotates.The number of planet wheel 2043 is different with the number of teeth will to constitute different reducing gears.
Direct current generator is as the power source that drives pitman arm shaft 2003 rotations, and the rotation of motor passes to pitman arm shaft 2003 by aforesaid four kinds of reducing gears or other forms of reducing gear.
Below will introduce the working procedure of the valve actuation closed loop control braking system 2100 that adopts the brake cam driving in detail, the bent axle motion drives camshaft 2007 rotations.Cam 2702 on the camshaft 2007 drives exhaust rocker arm assembly 2001 around 2015 rotations of rocking arm outer shaft, and open and close exhaust valve 2013, second exhaust valve 2014 are realized exhaust stroke; Brake cam 2701 on the camshaft 2007 drives brake rocker arm 2002 around 2015 rotations of rocking arm outer shaft, realizes the engine braking function.
As shown in Figure 7, during the motor proper functioning, the axial location of brake rocker arm lining 2005 is A, adjusts on bolt 2006 and the air valve bridge 2012 to have certain clearance between the sliding pin 2121, and this gap enough overcomes the braking lift that produces when brake cam 2701 drives brake rocker arm 2002 rotations.Camshaft 2007 rotations, brake cam 2701 contacts with brake rocker arm roller 2004, drives brake rocker arm 2002 and rotates around pitman arm shaft 2003, and the gap of adjusting between bolt 2006 and the sliding pin 2121 overcomes the braking lift, do not drive sliding pin 2121, inoperative to exhaust valve 2013.
During engine braking apparatus work, under the effect of control mechanism 2011; thus pitman arm shaft 2003 rotations drive 2005 rotations of brake rocker arm lining; and axial location becomes A '; brake rocker arm 2002 is along with the rotation of brake rocker arm lining 2005 moves downward; drive adjustment bolt 2006 and move down, thereby changes the distance between the sliding pin of adjusting on bolt 2006 and the air valve bridge 2,012 2121, and the little lift on the brake cam 2701 works.Camshaft 2007 rotations, brake cam 2701 contacts with brake rocker arm roller 2004, drives brake rocker arm 2002 and rotates around rocking arm outer shaft 2015, and the sliding pin 2121 unlatching exhaust valves 2013 that drive on the air valve bridge 2012 are realized engine braking.
When the engine valve actuating device was not worked, control mechanism 2011 drove pitman arm shaft 2003 opposite spins, thereby makes brake rocker arm lining 2005 return to initial position, and brake cam 2701 little lifts are inoperative, the motor proper functioning.
As Figure 14, Figure 15 and shown in Figure 16, braking executive device of the present invention comprises exhaust rocker arm assembly 3001, brake rocker arm 3002; pitman arm shaft 3003; brake rocker arm roller 3004; brake rocker arm lining 3005; adjust bolt 3006; camshaft 3007; pitman arm shaft briquetting 3008(as shown in figure 17); bearing 3009(as shown in figure 17); brake rocker arm roller shaft 3010; control mechanism (not shown); air valve bridge 3012; exhaust valve 3013; second exhaust valve 3014; driving mechanism 3015(as shown in figure 17); position transducer 3016; signal wheel 3161; torsion spring 3017; adjust nut 3018.
As Figure 14, Figure 15 and shown in Figure 16 be a closed loop control braking system 3100 that adopts brake cam to drive.Exhaust valve 3013 and second exhaust valve 3014 are mushroom valves, are used for gas flow between control motor internal furnace and the intake and exhaust manifold.Closed loop control braking system 3100 can be used for realizing braking the continuous adjustable of valve lift and needing valve to have the situation of auxiliary lift; Closed loop control braking system 3100 comprises that pitman arm shaft 3003, three cylinders or six cylinders share a pitman arm shaft 3003; Exhaust rocker arm assembly 3001 and brake rocker arm 3002 are arranged adjacent each other on the pitman arm shaft 3003, exhaust rocker arm assembly 3001 and brake rocker arm 3002 rotate around pitman arm shaft 3003 under the effect of camshaft 3007 or other drive units, and pitman arm shaft 3003 is through pitman arm shaft briquetting 3008(as shown in figure 17) on bolt hole be fixed on cylinder cap or other fixing devices.
Exhaust rocker arm assembly 3001 drives exhaust valve 3013 simultaneously by air valve bridge 3012 and second exhaust valve 3014 is realized exhaust stroke.Camshaft 3007 rotations, cam 3702 drives exhaust rocker arm assembly 3001, makes exhaust rocker arm assembly 3001 around pitman arm shaft 3003 rotations.The sliding pin 3121 that brake rocker arm 3002 optionally drives on the air valve bridge 3012 is opened exhaust valve 3013 realization engine braking functions.The shoulder in sliding pin hole cooperates on shoulder in the middle of the sliding pin 3121 and the air valve bridge 3012.
Brake rocker arm roller shaft 3010 is installed in the end of brake rocker arm 3002, and brake rocker arm roller 3004 is installed on the brake rocker arm roller shaft 3010 and brake cam 3701 contacts, and brake rocker arm 3002 rotates around pitman arm shaft 3003 under the driving of brake cam 3701.Brake cam 3701 comprises projection 3711 and basic circle 3721 two-part.Brake cam 3701 can make motor realize the disappointing formula engine braking of compression type, the formula of losing heart and part.The Compression Engine braking is to open exhaust valve or braking valve near compression top center; The formula engine braking that loses heart is to open exhaust valve in whole motor circulation; The disappointing formula engine braking of part is to open exhaust valve at most of stroke of motor circulation.
In engine working process, brake rocker arm 3002 remains with brake cam 3701 and contacts, and as shown in figure 15, torsion spring 3,017 one ends are fixed on the brake rocker arm 3002, the other end is fixed on the pitman arm shaft 3003, and torsion spring 3017 is pressed to brake cam 3701 with brake rocker arm 3002.In the engine operation engineering, torsion spring 3017 has enough spring forces that brake rocker arm 3002 is contacted with brake cam 3701 always.
As Figure 14 and shown in Figure 15, pitman arm shaft 3003 comprises that one or more oil circuits offer rocking arm on the pitman arm shaft 3003 with machine oil.Specifically, comprise a lubricating oil path on the pitman arm shaft 3003, lubricating oil path can provide lubricant oil to one or more rocking arms in engine working process.
Control mechanism is fixed on driving mechanism 3015 front ends by bolt or other devices, brake rocker arm lining 3005 is eccentric structure, when moving under the effect of driving mechanism 3015 at control mechanism, drive 3005 rotations of brake rocker arm lining, thereby the change eccentric position changes and adjusts the distance between the sliding pin 3121 on bolt 3006 and the air valve bridge 3012.Therefore control mechanism can make driving mechanism 3015 rotate continuously, adjusts that the distance between the sliding pin 3121 can change continuously on bolt 3006 and the air valve bridge 3012, thereby braking lift and braking timing are changed continuously.Adjust bolt 3006 locks and pay in the through hole of brake rocker arm 3002, to adjust nut 3018 according to setting the exposed length that determines to adjust bolt 3006.
Scheme 1: as Figure 17, Figure 18 and shown in Figure 19, driving mechanism 3015 is made up of live axle 3051, ball pin 3052, driveshaft 3053, round key 3054.Live axle 3051 is fixed on the cylinder cap by pitman arm shaft briquetting 3008, bearing 3009 and pitman arm shaft 3003 guarantees certain position relation, and live axle 3051 can rotate freely in bearing 3009, and live axle 3051 is provided with drive shaft hole 3511.Driveshaft 3053 ends are provided with driveshaft hole 3531, and front end is provided with spherical nest 3532, and brake rocker arm lining 3005 ends are provided with rocker arm bush hole 3501.Round key 3054 through rocker arm bush hole 3501, driveshaft hole 3531 links together driveshaft 3053 and brake rocker arm lining 3005 ends.Ball pin 3052 ends are installed on the drive shaft hole 3511 of live axle 3051, rotate with the rotation of live axle 3051, and ball pin 3052 front ends are installed in the spherical nest 3532 of driveshaft 3053 front ends.The swing arm of ball pin 3052, driveshaft 3053 and brake rocker arm lining 3005 constitutes three-link mechanism, when live axle 3051 rotates, drives ball pin 3052, driveshaft 3053 motions under the driving of control mechanism, thereby drives 3005 rotations of brake rocker arm lining.
Scheme 2: as shown in figure 20, driving mechanism 3015 is made up of live axle 3061, roller 3062, roller shaft 3063.Live axle 3061 is fixed on the cylinder cap by pitman arm shaft briquetting 3064, bearing 3065, guarantee certain position relation with pitman arm shaft 3003; pitman arm shaft briquetting 3064 front end secure rocker 3003, rear end supporting driving shaft 3061, live axle 3061 can rotate freely at pitman arm shaft briquetting 3064.Roller shaft 3063 is installed in the end of brake rocker arm lining 3005, and roller 3062 is installed on the roller shaft 3063, and live axle 3061 relevant positions arrange projection 3611.When live axle 3061 rotated under the driving of control mechanism, protruding 3611 driving rolls 3062 drove 3005 rotations of brake rocker arm lining.
Scheme 3: as shown in figure 21, driving mechanism 3015 is made up of live axle 3071, gear 3072.Live axle 3071 is fixed on the cylinder cap by pitman arm shaft briquetting 3073, bearing 3074, guarantee certain position relation with pitman arm shaft 3003; pitman arm shaft briquetting 3073 front end secure rocker 3003, rear end supporting driving shaft 3071, live axle 3071 can rotate freely at pitman arm shaft briquetting 3073.Gear 3072 is installed on the live axle 3071, and the tip designs of brake rocker arm lining 3005 becomes the gear 3072 on gear structure and the live axle 3071 to be meshed.When live axle 3071 rotated under the driving of control mechanism, gear 3072 drove the gear structure of brake rocker arm lining 3005 ends, drove 3005 rotations of brake rocker arm lining.
Below will introduce the working procedure of closed loop control braking system 3100 in detail, the bent axle motion drives camshaft 3007 rotations.Cam 3702 on the camshaft 3007 drives exhaust rocker arm assembly 3001 around pitman arm shaft 3003 rotations, and open and close exhaust valve 3013, second exhaust valve 3014 are realized exhaust stroke; Brake cam 3701 on the camshaft 3007 drives brake rocker arm around pitman arm shaft 3003 rotations, realizes the engine braking function.
As shown in Figure 7, during the motor proper functioning, the axial location of brake rocker arm lining 3005 is A, adjusts on bolt 3006 and the air valve bridge 3012 to have certain clearance between the sliding pin 3121, and this gap enough overcomes the braking lift that produces when brake cam 3701 drives brake rocker arm 3002 rotations.Camshaft 3007 rotations, brake cam 3701 contacts with brake rocker arm roller 3004, drives brake rocker arm 3002 and rotates around pitman arm shaft 3003, and the gap of adjusting between bolt 3006 and the sliding pin 3121 overcomes the braking lift, do not drive sliding pin 3121, inoperative to exhaust valve 3013.
During the work of engine valve actuating device, under the effect of control mechanism, thereby driving mechanism 3015 rotations drive 3005 rotations of brake rocker arm lining, axial location becomes A ', brake rocker arm 3002 is along with 3005 rotations of brake rocker arm lining move downward, drive adjustment bolt 3006 and move down, thus the distance between the sliding pin 3121 on change adjustment bolt 3006 and the air valve bridge 3012, and the little lift on the brake cam 3701 works.Camshaft 3007 rotations, brake cam 3701 contacts with brake rocker arm roller 3004, drives brake rocker arm 3002 and rotates around pitman arm shaft 3003, and the sliding pin 3121 unlatching exhaust valves 3013 that drive on the air valve bridge 3012 are realized the adjustable continuously of braking valve lift.
When the engine valve actuating device was not worked, control mechanism drove the driving mechanism opposite spin, thereby makes brake rocker arm lining 3005 return to initial position, and the little lift of brake cam is inoperative, the motor proper functioning.
In sum, owing to adopted above technical characteristics, make the present invention have following advantage and good effect than prior art:
The first, genemotor brake device structure of the present invention is simple, good rigidity, and cost is low;
The second, the position of component relation in the continuable change braking system of apparatus of the present invention continuously changes braking valve-opening time and lift, improves the braking ability in the full speed range;
Three, the present invention is when excessive discharge temperature, open exhaust valve in advance by the valve actuating device, gas pressure when reducing compression stroke, thus reduce cylinder temperature, avoid engine overheat to reduce part life, improved the reliability of engine braking working procedure.
The invention preferred embodiment just is used for helping to set forth the present invention.Preferred embodiment does not have all details of detailed descriptionthe, does not limit this invention yet and only is described embodiment.Obviously, according to the content of this specification, can make many modifications and variations.These embodiments are chosen and specifically described to this specification, is in order to explain principle of the present invention and practical application better, thereby the technical field technician can utilize the present invention well under making.The present invention only is subjected to the restriction of claims and four corner and equivalent.More than disclosed only be preferred embodiment of the present invention; but be not to limit itself; anyly have the knack of those skilled in the art under the situation of spiritual connotation of the present invention, the equalization of doing changes and changes, and all should drop in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. genemotor braking executive device with live axle, comprise exhaust rocker arm assembly (3001), brake rocker arm (3002), pitman arm shaft (3003), brake rocker arm lining (3005), adjustment bolt (3006), camshaft (3007), control mechanism, air valve bridge (3012), exhaust valve (3013), driving mechanism (3015), position transducer (3016) and torsion spring (3017);
Described exhaust rocker arm assembly (3001) and described brake rocker arm (3002) are arranged adjacent each other on the described pitman arm shaft (3003), near the engine compresses top dead center, open exhaust valve (3013) and realize engine braking, it is characterized in that: the camshaft (3007) at motor increases a brake cam (3701), and described brake cam (3701) drives described brake rocker arm (3002); Described brake rocker arm lining (3005) rotation, the valve clearance is reserved in compensation, and the little lift of brake cam (3701) works, and under the driving of described brake rocker arm (3002), exhaust valve (3013) is opened as requested, plays the purpose of engine braking.
2. the genemotor braking executive device of band live axle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described brake rocker arm (3002) is not when braking device is worked, do not influence the motion of exhaust valve (3013), when braking device is worked, can realize engine braking.
3. the genemotor braking executive device of band live axle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the adjustment bolt (3006) on the described brake rocker arm (3002) and the gap between the sliding pin (3121) on the air valve bridge (3012) can overcome the little lift of brake cam (3701).
4. the genemotor braking executive device of band live axle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described brake rocker arm lining (3005) can be around described pitman arm shaft (3003) rotation, compensates adjustment bolt (3006) on the described brake rocker arm (3002) and the gap between the sliding pin (3121) on the air valve bridge (3012).
5. the genemotor braking executive device of band live axle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described brake rocker arm lining (3005) eccentric position in rotary course changes, and makes described brake rocker arm (3002) change in location.
6. the genemotor braking executive device of band live axle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described torsion spring (3017) contacts described brake rocker arm (3002) all the time with camshaft (3007) in engine working process.
7. the genemotor braking executive device of band live axle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the end of described brake rocker arm lining (3005) is connected with driving mechanism (3015).
8. the genemotor braking executive device of band live axle according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described driving mechanism (3015) comprises live axle (3051), ball pin (3052), driveshaft (3053) and round key (3054); Described live axle (3051) is fixed on the cylinder cap with pitman arm shaft briquetting (3008) and bearing (3009), and described live axle (3051) can rotate freely in described bearing (3009), and described live axle (3051) is provided with drive shaft hole (3511); Described driveshaft (3053) end is provided with driveshaft hole (3531), and front end is provided with spherical nest (3532), and described brake rocker arm lining (3005) end is provided with rocker arm bush hole (501); Described round key (3054) passes described rocker arm bush hole (501) and described driveshaft hole (3531) links together described driveshaft (3053) and described brake rocker arm lining (3005); Described ball pin (3052) end is installed on the described drive shaft hole (3511) of described live axle (3051), rotation with described live axle (3051) is rotated, and described ball pin (3052) front end is installed in the spherical nest (3532) of described driveshaft (3053) front end; The swing arm of described ball pin (3052), driveshaft (3053) and brake rocker arm lining (3005) constitutes three-link mechanism, described live axle (3051) rotates under the driving of described control mechanism, drive the motion of described ball pin (3052) and described driveshaft (3053), thereby drive described brake rocker arm lining (3005) rotation.
9. the genemotor braking executive device of band live axle according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described driving mechanism (3015) comprises live axle (3061), roller (3062) and roller shaft (3063); Described live axle (3061) is fixed on the cylinder cap with pitman arm shaft briquetting (3064) and bearing (3065), described pitman arm shaft briquetting (3064) front end is fixed described pitman arm shaft (3003), described live axle (3061) is supported in the rear end, and described live axle (3061) can rotate freely in pitman arm shaft briquetting (3064); Described roller shaft (3063) is installed in the end of described brake rocker arm lining (3005), described roller (3062) is installed on the described roller shaft (3063), and the position of going up corresponding described roller (3062) at described live axle (3061) arranges projection (3611); When described live axle (3061) rotated under the driving of control mechanism, described projection (3611) drove described roller (3062) and drives described brake rocker arm lining (3005) rotation.
10. the genemotor braking executive device of band live axle according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described driving mechanism (3015) comprises live axle (3071) and gear (3072); Live axle (3071) is fixed on the cylinder cap with pitman arm shaft briquetting (3073) and bearing (3074), described pitman arm shaft briquetting (3073) front end is fixed described pitman arm shaft (3003), described live axle (3071) is supported in the rear end, and described live axle (3071) can rotate freely in pitman arm shaft briquetting (3073); Described gear (3072) is installed on the live axle (3071), and the tip designs of described brake rocker arm lining (3005) becomes the described gear (3072) on gear structure and the described live axle (3071) to be meshed; When described live axle (3071) rotated under the driving of described control mechanism, described gear (3072) drove the terminal gear structure of described brake rocker arm lining (3005), drove described brake rocker arm lining (3005) rotation.
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| CN201310214437.0A CN103334807B (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2013-06-03 | With the genemotor braking executive device of live axle |
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| CN109667639A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-23 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Engine braking system |
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| CN115111020A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-09-27 | 苏立群 | Stepless variable lift valve rocker mechanism |
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| CN115111020B (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2024-04-30 | 苏立群 | Stepless variable lift valve rocker mechanism |
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