CN103326967B - Channel estimation methods and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of channel estimation methods and device, described method includes: the signal received being carried out initial channel estimation, obtains channel estimation value, described channel estimation value includes the channel impulse response in K × W bar footpath；According to described channel estimation value, K window in a time slot is carried out active window confirmation, obtain the N number of activation window in described time slot；The channel impulse response in the footpath that described N number of activation window is positioned at same position is carried out cumulative mean, obtains average channel estimation value；The channel estimation value replacing the described corresponding described same position of N number of activation window by described average channel estimation value exports as channel estimation value.The present invention can effectively suppress noise, can improve the performance that system channel is estimated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mobile communication technology field, particularly relate to a kind of channel estimation methods and device.
Background technology
CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access, CDMA) is based on spread spectrum wireless
Communication technology.With global system for mobile communications (Global System for Mobile Communications,
GSM) comparing, CDMA has the plurality of advantages such as broadband, Large Copacity, anti-fading and interference performance are strong, becomes
The basic technology of 3G mobile communication.The 3G mobile communication commercial network being currently based on CDMA is wide in the whole world
General use, has three technical standards: WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple
Access, WCDMA), CDMA2000 and TD SDMA (Time Division-Synchronous
Code Division Multiple Access, TD-SCDMA).
Cdma system needs to estimate channel impulse response as coherent demodulation.Channel estimate be based on
Pilot tone is carried out, and for WCDMA, CDMA2000 and TD-SCDMA system, has respective pilot tone pattern, example
In TD-SCDMA system, pilot tone is referred to as midamble (Midamble).The frame of TD-SCDMA system
Structure is as shown in Figure 1.One 10ms radio frames is made up of 2 5ms subframes, has 7 in each subframe
Regular time slots (TS0-TS6) and and 3 special time slots (DwPTS, GP, UpPTS).Regular time slots structure
As shown in Figure 2.Midamble is placed in 144, the centre chip of each regular time slots, instructs in centre
The two ends practicing sequence are respectively arranged with 352 chips, are used for placing data.The ending of regular time slots has 16 chips
Protection interval (Gap Period, GP).The middle trained sequence that in same time slot, different user is used
Row code is to be produced after cyclic shift by the basic midamble code of a length of 128.
Channel estimation typically all B.Steiner algorithm in TD-SCDMA system obtains initial channel and estimates
Meter (list of references Steiner B, Baier P W.Low cost channel estimation in the
uplink receiver of CDMA mobile radio systems.Frequenz,1993,47(11/12):
292-298.), obtain the initial channel impulse response of a length of 128, be made up of K window.Existing
TD-SCDMA system, after obtaining initial channel estimation, is typically all each activation window and independently locates
Reason, the process between shorter mention not coactivation window.
When distributing more than two code channel for user in a time slot, during the most more than one window, it is difficult to effectively
Suppression noise, the performance causing channel to be estimated incurs loss.And distribute code channel for user in a time slot
Number is the common situation of TD-SCDMA system more than 2.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of channel estimation methods and device, there is good performance gain,
When distributing multiple window for user in a time slot, can effectively suppress noise, system channel can be improved and estimate
The performance of meter.
For achieving the above object, first aspect present invention provides a kind of channel estimation methods, described method
Including:
The signal received is carried out initial channel estimation, obtains channel estimation value, described initial channel
Estimated value includes the channel impulse response in K × W bar footpath, wherein, the window that K includes in representing a time slot
Number, W represents the bar number in the footpath that a window includes；
According to described channel estimation value, K window in a time slot is carried out active window confirmation,
N number of activation window in described time slot, wherein, N is the number activating window, N≤K；
The channel impulse response in the footpath that described N number of activation window is positioned at same position is carried out cumulative mean,
To average channel estimation value；
The initial of the described corresponding described same position of N number of activation window is replaced by described average channel estimation value
Channel estimation value exports as channel estimation value.
In conjunction with first aspect, in the first possible embodiment of first aspect, to described N number of sharp
The channel impulse response in the footpath that window of living is positioned at same position carries out cumulative mean, obtains average channel estimation value,
Including:
According to formulaDescribed N number of activation window is positioned at the channel impulse in the footpath of same position
Response carries out cumulative mean, obtains the average channel estimation value in the footpath of same position；
Wherein, hk,jFor the channel impulse response in the j-th strip footpath of the kth window before cumulative mean,It is
The average channel estimation value in j bar footpath, j=1 ..., W, k=1 ..., N.
In conjunction with first aspect, in the embodiment that the second of first aspect is possible, when the code channel of configuration
When number is odd number, the described channel impulse response to the footpath that described N number of activation window is positioned at same position enters
Row cumulative mean, obtains average channel estimation value, including:
According to formulaThe channel impulse that window is positioned at the footpath of same position is activated to first N-1
Response carries out cumulative mean, obtains first N-1 and activates the average channel estimation value in the footpath of same position in window；
According to formulaObtain n-th and activate the average channel estimation value in each bar footpath in window；
Wherein, hk,jFor the channel impulse response in the j-th strip footpath of the kth window before cumulative mean,It is
The average channel estimation value in j bar footpath, j=1 ..., W, k=1 ..., N.
In conjunction with first aspect, in the third possible embodiment of first aspect, when the code channel of configuration
When number is odd number, the described channel impulse response to the footpath that described N number of activation window is positioned at same position enters
Row cumulative mean, obtains average channel estimation value, including:
According to formulaThe letter that window is positioned at the footpath of same position is activated to first N-1
Channel shock response carries out cumulative mean, obtains first N-1 and activates the average channel in the footpath of same position in window
Estimated value；
According to formulaObtain n-th and activate the average channel in each bar footpath in window
Estimated value；
Wherein, hk,jFor the channel impulse response in the j-th strip footpath of the kth window before cumulative mean, hj is
The average channel estimation value in j bar footpath, j=1 ..., W, k=1 ..., N.
In conjunction with the embodiment or the 3rd that the first possible embodiment of first aspect or the second are possible
Plant possible embodiment, in the 4th kind of possible embodiment of first aspect, put down described
All after channel estimation value, also include:
According to formulaDescribed N number of activation window is positioned at the average letter in the footpath of same position
Road estimated value is weighted processing, wherein, i=1 ..., N, Factori,jWindow j-th strip footpath is activated for i-th
Weighter factor,For the average channel estimation value in j-th strip footpath,Window j-th strip is activated for i-th after weighting
The average channel estimation value in footpath；
Described replace the described corresponding described same position of N number of activation window by described average channel estimation value
Channel estimation value exports as channel estimation value, including:
Average channel estimation value after weighting being processed replaces described N number of activation window corresponding described identical
The channel estimation value of position exports as channel estimation value.
In conjunction with the 4th kind of possible embodiment of first aspect, in the 5th kind of possible reality of first aspect
Execute in mode, described weighter factor Factori,jThe footpath signal to noise ratio in window j-th strip footpath is activated for i-th；
Or, described weighter factor Factori,jValue is carried out according to default effective diameter interval.
In conjunction with first aspect, in the 6th kind of possible embodiment of first aspect, described method is also wrapped
Include:
Detect the physical channel type in described time slot；
When comprising polytype physical channel in described time slot, described to described N number of activation window position
Channel impulse response in the footpath of same position carries out cumulative mean, obtains average channel estimation value, bag
Include: be respectively directed to different types of physical channel, described N number of activation window is positioned at the footpath of same position
Channel impulse response carry out cumulative mean, obtain average channel estimation value.
In conjunction with first aspect, in the 7th kind of possible embodiment of first aspect, when obtaining described
After activation window in gap, also include:
It is that the window activating window arranges activation window mark to testing result；
The described channel impulse response to the footpath that described N number of activation window is positioned at same position carries out cumulative mean,
Obtain average channel estimation value, including:
According to described activation window mark, described N number of activation window is positioned at the channel impulse in the footpath of same position
Response carries out cumulative mean, obtains average channel estimation value.
Second aspect, present invention also offers a kind of channel estimating apparatus, and described device includes: initially believe
Road estimation unit, active window confirmation unit, cumulative mean unit and output unit；
Described initial channel estimation unit, for carrying out initial channel estimation, at the beginning of obtaining to the signal received
Beginning channel estimation value, described channel estimation value includes the channel impulse response in K × W bar footpath, wherein,
The number of the window that K includes in representing a time slot, W represents the bar number in the footpath that a window includes；
Described active window confirmation unit, for according to described initial channel estimation unit obtain described initially
Channel estimation value, carries out active window confirmation to K window in a time slot, obtains the N in described time slot
Individual activation window, wherein, N is the number activating window, N≤K；
Described cumulative mean unit, for the described N number of activation window obtaining described active window confirmation unit
The channel impulse response in the footpath being positioned at same position carries out cumulative mean, obtains average channel estimation value；
Described output unit, for the described average channel estimation value generation obtained with described cumulative mean unit
Channel estimation value for the described corresponding described same position of N number of activation window is defeated as channel estimation value
Go out.
In conjunction with second aspect, in the first possible embodiment of second aspect, described cumulative mean
Unit is according to formulaDescribed N number of activation window position that described active window confirmation unit is obtained
Channel impulse response in the footpath of same position carries out cumulative mean, obtains the average letter in the footpath of same position
Road estimated value；Wherein, hk,jFor the channel impulse response in the j-th strip footpath of the kth window before cumulative mean,For the average channel estimation value in j-th strip footpath, j=1 ..., W, k=1 ..., N.
In conjunction with second aspect, in the embodiment that the second of second aspect is possible, when the code channel of configuration
When number is odd number, described cumulative mean unit is according to formulaTo described active window confirmation
Front N-1 the channel impulse response activating the footpath that window is positioned at same position that unit obtains carries out cumulative mean,
Obtain first N-1 and activate the average channel estimation value in the footpath of same position in window；And according to formula?
The n-th obtained to described active window confirmation unit activates the average channel estimation value in each bar footpath in window；Its
In, hk,jFor the channel impulse response in the j-th strip footpath of the kth window before cumulative mean,For j-th strip footpath
Average channel estimation value, j=1 ..., W, k=1 ..., N.
In conjunction with second aspect, in the third possible embodiment of second aspect, when the code channel of configuration
When number is odd number, described cumulative mean unit is according to formulaTo described activation window
Front N-1 the channel impulse response activating the footpath that window is positioned at same position that detector unit obtains adds up
Averagely, obtain first N-1 and activate the average channel estimation value in the footpath of same position in window；And according to formulaObtain each bar in the n-th activation window that described active window confirmation unit obtains
The average channel estimation value in footpath；Wherein, hk,jChannel for the j-th strip footpath of the kth window before cumulative mean
Impulse response,For the average channel estimation value in j-th strip footpath, j=1 ..., W, k=1 ..., N.
In conjunction with the embodiment or the 3rd that the first possible embodiment of second aspect or the second are possible
Planting possible embodiment, in the 4th kind of possible embodiment of second aspect, described device also wraps
Including: weighted units, described weighted units is connected with described cumulative mean unit, for according to formulaThe described N number of activation window obtaining described cumulative mean unit is positioned at same position
The average channel estimation value in footpath is weighted processing, wherein, i=1 ..., N, Factori,jWindow is activated for i-th
The weighter factor in j-th strip footpath,For the average channel estimation value in j-th strip footpath,For i-th after weighting
Activate the average channel estimation value in window j-th strip footpath；
Average channel estimation value after described weighted units weighting processes is replaced by described output unit
The channel estimation value of the described corresponding described same position of N number of activation window is defeated as channel estimation value
Go out.
In conjunction with the 4th kind of possible embodiment of second aspect, in the 5th kind of possible reality of second aspect
Execute in mode, the weighting Factor in described weighted unitsi,jThe footpath noise in window j-th strip footpath is activated for i-th
Ratio；
Or, described weighter factor Factori,jValue is carried out according to default effective diameter interval.
In conjunction with second aspect, in the 6th kind of possible embodiment of second aspect, described device also wraps
Including: channel type detector unit, described channel type detector unit is connected with described cumulative mean unit,
Physical channel type in detecting described time slot；When described channel type detector unit detects described
When comprising polytype physical channel in time slot, described cumulative mean unit is respectively directed to dissimilar
Physical channel, the channel impulse response in the footpath that described N number of activation window is positioned at same position is tired out
Add average, obtain average channel estimation value.
In conjunction with second aspect, in the 7th kind of possible embodiment of second aspect, described activation window is examined
After surveying unit activation window in obtaining described time slot, the window being additionally operable to testing result be to activate window sets
Put activation window mark；
Described cumulative mean unit, according to described activation window mark, is positioned at identical bits to described N number of activation window
The channel impulse response in the footpath put carries out cumulative mean, obtains average channel estimation value.
The channel estimation methods of present invention offer and device, multiple for distributing for user in a time slot
The situation of window, carries out cumulative mean process by the footpath of same position in the multiple activation windows to same time slot
After in order to substitute original channel estimated value, can effectively suppress noise, TD-SCDMA system channel can be improved
The performance estimated.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the frame structure schematic diagram of TD-SCDMA system；
Fig. 2 is the regular time slots structural representation of TD-SCDMA system；
The channel estimation methods flow chart that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one；
The channel estimating apparatus schematic diagram that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention two.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme is described in further detail.
The channel estimation methods flow chart that the embodiment of the present invention provides, it is adaptable to TD-SCDMA system, also may be used
Possess the system of training sequence cyclic shift characteristic be applicable to similar TD-SCDMA system.
Embodiment one
Fig. 3 is the channel estimation methods flow chart that the present embodiment provides, as it is shown on figure 3, the side of the present invention
Method includes:
S101, to receive signal carry out initial channel estimation, obtain channel estimation value.
The embodiment of the present invention can be, but not limited to obtain initial channel estimation by B.Steiner algorithm, from
And obtain the initial channel impulse response of a length of P=128, it is made up of K window.
In general, midamble part reception signal model is:
y=Gh+n
Wherein, matrix G is the P*KW rank that the midamble code cyclic shift of K user obtains
Matrix:
h=[h1,1,h1,2…,h1,W,h2,1,h2,2…,h2,W,…,hK,1,hK,2…,hK,W]TChannel impulse for K user
Responding the vector of composition arranged together, W is the channel impulse response length of each user, P=128
Length for midamble basic in TD-SCDMA.Generally P=KW, then G is 128*128 rank
Circular matrix.According to B.Steiner algorithm, the least-squares estimation of h is hDue to
The cyclic shift characteristic of midamble code in TD-SCDMA system,Can be reduced to: Wherein: m is matrix G first row.
Kth subscriber channel impulse response can be expressed asWherein k=1 ..., K,
K is the number (most numbers of users) of the window included in a time slot, high-level signaling configuration obtain,Commonly referred to as h(k)Channel impulse response for kth window.
The task that channel is estimated estimates all K windows (corresponding K user) exactly from reception signal
Channel impulse response, therefore, the channel estimation value obtained by B.Steiner algorithm includes K
The channel impulse response in × W bar footpath, wherein, the number of the window that K includes in representing a time slot, W represents
The window that the bar number in the footpath that one window includes, i.e. channel are estimated is long.
S102, according to described channel estimation value, K window in a time slot is carried out activate window inspection
Surveying, obtain the N number of activation window in described time slot, wherein, N is the number activating window, N≤K.
The detection activating window can be, but not limited to detect by arranging a threshold value, this threshold value
Arrange and can first pass through delivery (i.e. real part square adds imaginary part square) computing etc. and be calculated 128 footpaths
Power, from 128 footpath, select the footpath that power is the strongest, the power of this most powerful path be multiplied by one
The factor (such as 1/16) is as the threshold value set, then judges to have more than in a window footpath of this threshold value
Quantity, the window that quantity is met certain requirements be detected as activate window.
Or, from 128 footpaths, select the window that power is the strongest, the power of this window is multiplied by one because of
Son is detected as activating window as the threshold value set, the window that power exceedes threshold value, etc..
Optionally, the N number of activation window in S102 obtains described time slot, also include: to testing result be
The window activating window arranges activation window mark.
S103, channel impulse response to the footpath that described N number of activation window is positioned at same position carry out cumulative flat
All (i.e. average), obtain average channel estimation value.
Optionally, the described activation window mark arranged according to S102, described N number of activation window is positioned at identical
The channel impulse response in the footpath of position carries out cumulative mean, obtains average channel estimation value.
Specifically, according to formulaDescribed N number of activation window is positioned at the footpath of same position
Channel impulse response carries out cumulative mean, obtains the average channel estimation value in the footpath of same position.
Wherein, hk,jFor the channel impulse response in the j-th strip footpath of the kth window before cumulative mean,It is
The average channel estimation value in j bar footpath, j=1 ..., W, k=1 ..., N.
In the typical scene of TD-SCDMA system, if high-level signaling is user configured code channel number M
For odd number, then above (M-1)/2 window all distributes full 2 code channels, last window one code of distribution
Road.
Optionally, for high-level signaling be user configured code channel number be the situation of odd number, can basis
FormulaFront N-1 the channel impulse response activating the footpath that window is positioned at same position is carried out
Cumulative mean, obtains first N-1 and activates the average channel estimation value in the footpath of same position in window；And according to
FormulaObtain n-th and activate the average channel estimation value in each bar footpath in window；Wherein, hk,jIt is cumulative
The channel impulse response in the j-th strip footpath of the kth window before average,Average channel for j-th strip footpath is estimated
Evaluation, j=1 ..., W, k=1 ..., N.It is not involved at cumulative mean it is to say, last activates window
The process of reason.
Or, for high-level signaling be user configured code channel number be the situation of odd number, it is also possible to according to
FormulaFirst N-1 the channel impulse activating the footpath that window is positioned at same position is rung
Cumulative mean should be carried out, obtain first N-1 and activate the average channel estimation value in the footpath of same position in window；
According to formulaObtain n-th and activate the average channel estimation in each bar footpath in window
Value；Wherein, hk,jFor the channel impulse response in the j-th strip footpath of the kth window before cumulative mean,It is
The average channel estimation value in j bar footpath, j=1 ..., W, k=1 ..., N.It is to say, last activates
Window also assists in the process that cumulative mean processes.
Furthermore, it is contemplated that likely comprise polytype physical channel in same time slot, this
Under situation, the method for the embodiment of the present invention can also include: detects the physical channel class in described time slot
The step of type.
When comprising polytype physical channel in described time slot, S103 is then respectively directed to dissimilar
Physical channel, the channel impulse response in the footpath that described N number of activation window is positioned at same position is tired out
Add average, obtain average channel estimation value.
S104, with described average channel estimation value replace the described corresponding described same position of N number of activation window
Channel estimation value as channel estimation value export.
Optionally, after S103 obtains average channel estimation value, also include:
According to formulaDescribed N number of activation window is positioned at the average letter in the footpath of same position
Road estimated value is weighted processing, wherein, i=1 ..., N, Factori,jWindow j-th strip footpath is activated for i-th
Weighter factor,For the average channel estimation value in j-th strip footpath,Window j-th strip is activated for i-th after weighting
The average channel estimation value in footpath.
And then, the average channel estimation value after weighting being processed replaces the described corresponding institute of N number of activation window
The channel estimation value stating same position exports as channel estimation value.
Wherein, described weighting Factori,jThe footpath signal to noise ratio in window j-th strip footpath is activated for i-th；Or, institute
State weighter factor Factori,jValue is carried out according to default effective diameter interval.For example, it is possible to definition one
Effective diameter is interval, and the footpath within effective diameter interval, weighter factor is 1；Footpath outside effective diameter interval,
Weighter factor is 0.
It should be noted that can also be to the letter that will export before channel estimation value is exported in S104
Road estimated value carries out other subsequent treatment, and described subsequent treatment includes normalization or filters less than presetting
The channel estimation values of threshold value etc. process, and output meets the channel estimation value of application request.
The channel estimation methods that the present invention provides, by same position in the multiple activation windows to same time slot
Footpath carry out cumulative mean process after in order to substitute original channel estimated value, particularly with in a time slot
Distribute the situation of multiple window for user, can effectively suppress noise, TD-SCDMA system channel can be improved and estimate
The performance of meter.
It is above the detailed description that channel estimation methods provided by the present invention is carried out, below to the present invention
The channel estimating apparatus provided is described in detail.
Embodiment two
Fig. 4 is the channel estimating apparatus schematic diagram that the present embodiment provides, as shown in Figure 4, the letter of the present invention
Road estimation unit includes: initial channel estimation unit 10, active window confirmation unit 20, cumulative mean unit
30 and output unit 40.
Initial channel estimation unit 10, for the signal received is carried out initial channel estimation, is initially believed
Road estimated value.
The initial channel estimation unit 10 of the embodiment of the present invention can be, but not limited to be calculated by B.Steiner
Method obtains initial channel estimation, thus obtains the initial channel impulse response of a length of P=128, by K
Individual window forms.
The task that channel is estimated estimates all K windows (corresponding K user) exactly from reception signal
Channel impulse response, therefore, at the beginning of initial channel estimation unit 10 is obtained by B.Steiner algorithm
Beginning channel estimation value includes the channel impulse response in K × W bar footpath, and wherein, K includes in representing a time slot
The number of window, W represents the bar number in the footpath that a window includes, the window that i.e. channel is estimated is long.
Active window confirmation unit 20 is for the described initial channel obtained according to initial channel estimation unit 10
Estimated value, carries out active window confirmation to K window in a time slot, obtain in described time slot N number of swash
Window alive.Wherein, N is the number activating window, N≤K.
Active window confirmation unit 20 can be, but not limited to detect by arranging a threshold value, this door
The arranging of limit value can first pass through delivery (i.e. real part square adds imaginary part square) computing etc. and be calculated 128
The power in bar footpath, selects the footpath that power is the strongest from 128 footpaths, is multiplied by by the power of this most powerful path
One factor (such as 1/16) is as the threshold value set, then judges to have more than this threshold value in a window
The quantity in footpath, window quantity met certain requirements is detected as activating window.
Or, active window confirmation unit 20 selects the window that power is the strongest from 128 footpaths, by this window
Power be multiplied by a factor as the threshold value set, power is exceeded the window of threshold value and is detected as activating
Window, etc..
Optionally, after the active window confirmation unit 20 activation window in obtaining described time slot, it is right to be additionally operable to
Testing result is that the window activating window arranges activation window mark.
Cumulative mean unit 30 is positioned at for the described N number of activation window obtaining active window confirmation unit 20
The channel impulse response in the footpath of same position carries out cumulative mean, obtains average channel estimation value.
Optionally, the described activation window mark that cumulative mean unit 30 is arranged according to active window confirmation unit 20
Will, carries out cumulative mean to the channel impulse response in the footpath that described N number of activation window is positioned at same position,
To average channel estimation value.
Specifically, cumulative mean unit 30 is according to formulaTo active window confirmation unit 20
The channel impulse response in the footpath that the described N number of activation window obtained is positioned at same position carries out cumulative mean,
Average channel estimation value to the footpath of same position.
Wherein, hk,jFor the channel impulse response in the j-th strip footpath of the kth window before cumulative mean,It is
The average channel estimation value in j bar footpath, j=1 ..., W, k=1 ..., N.
In the typical scene of TD-SCDMA system, if high-level signaling is user configured code channel number M
For odd number, then above (M-1)/2 window all distributes full 2 code channels, last window one code of distribution
Road.
Optionally, for high-level signaling be user configured code channel number be the situation of odd number, cumulative mean
Unit 30 can be according to formulaThe front N-1 obtaining active window confirmation unit 20 is swashed
The channel impulse response in the footpath that window of living is positioned at same position carries out cumulative mean, obtains first N-1 and activates window
The average channel estimation value in the footpath of middle same position；And according to formulaObtain active window confirmation unit
The n-th that 20 obtain activates the average channel estimation value in each bar footpath in window.Wherein, hk,jBefore cumulative mean
The channel impulse response in j-th strip footpath of kth window,For the average channel estimation value in j-th strip footpath,
J=1 ..., W, k=1 ..., N.
Or, for high-level signaling be user configured code channel number be the situation of odd number, cumulative mean list
Unit 30 can also be according to formulaThe front N-1 that active window confirmation unit 20 is obtained
The channel impulse response in the footpath that individual activation window is positioned at same position carries out cumulative mean, obtains front N-1 and swashs
The average channel estimation value in the footpath of same position in window alive；And according to formula?
The n-th obtained to active window confirmation unit 20 activates the average channel estimation value in each bar footpath in window.Wherein,
hk,jFor the channel impulse response in the j-th strip footpath of the kth window before cumulative mean,Putting down for j-th strip footpath
All channel estimation values, j=1 ..., W, k=1 ..., N.
Furthermore, it is contemplated that likely comprise polytype physical channel in same time slot, this
Under situation, the channel estimating apparatus in the present embodiment can also include: channel type detector unit (figure
Do not show), described channel type detector unit is connected with cumulative mean unit 30, when being used for detecting described
Physical channel type in gap.
Polytype physical channel is comprised in described channel type detector unit detects described time slot
Time, cumulative mean unit 30 is respectively directed to different types of physical channel, to described N number of activation window position
Channel impulse response in the footpath of same position carries out cumulative mean, obtains average channel estimation value.
Output unit 40 replaces institute for the described average channel estimation value obtained by cumulative mean unit 30
The channel estimation value stating the corresponding described same position of N number of activation window exports as channel estimation value.
Optionally, the channel estimating apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention also includes: weighted units (not shown),
Described weighted units is connected with cumulative mean unit 30, for according to formulaTo tired
The average channel estimation value adding the footpath that described N number of activation window that averaging unit 30 obtains is positioned at same position is entered
Row weighting processes, wherein, i=1 ..., N, Factori,jThe weighter factor in window j-th strip footpath is activated for i-th,For the average channel estimation value in j-th strip footpath,The average of window j-th strip footpath is activated for i-th after weighting
Channel estimation value.
Average channel estimation value after described weighted units weighting processes is replaced by output unit 40
The channel estimation value of the described corresponding described same position of N number of activation window is defeated as channel estimation value
Go out.
Wherein, the weighting Factor in described weighted unitsi,jThe footpath noise in window j-th strip footpath is activated for i-th
Ratio；Or, described weighter factor Factori,jValue is carried out according to default effective diameter interval.Such as,
Can define an effective diameter interval, the footpath within effective diameter interval, weighter factor is 1；Effective diameter
Footpath outside interval, weighter factor is 0.
It should be noted that output unit 40 can also be to will be defeated before being exported by channel estimation value
The channel estimation value gone out carries out other subsequent treatment, and described subsequent treatment includes normalization or filters little
Channel estimation values in predetermined threshold value etc. process, and output meets the channel estimation value of application request.
The channel estimation methods of present invention offer and device, can improve cdma system (particularly
TD-SCDMA system) channel estimate performance.Especially, when distributing more than two in a time slot
Code channel, during the most more than one window, can effectively suppress noise, have obvious performance gain.Channel
Estimate that the improvement of performance, for cdma system, shows as following aspect: 1) for dedicated service
Channel, can reduce Block Error Rate；2) for the Traffic Channel of HSPA/HSPA+, system can be improved
Handling capacity；3) for controlling channel, Block Error Rate can be reduced, improve the reliability of signaling.
Unit in the device that the present embodiment is mentioned can be realized by logical integrated circuit, and
It is integrated on one piece of IC substrate.
Professional should further appreciate that, describes in conjunction with the embodiments described herein
The unit of each example and algorithm steps, it is possible to come with electronic hardware, computer software or the combination of the two
Realize, in order to clearly demonstrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the most according to function
Generally describe composition and the step of each example.These functions are come with hardware or software mode actually
Perform, depend on application-specific and the design constraint of technical scheme.Professional and technical personnel can be to often
Individual specifically should being used for uses different methods to realize described function, but this realization it is not considered that
Beyond the scope of this invention.
The method described in conjunction with the embodiments described herein or the step of algorithm can use hardware, process
The software module that device performs, or the combination of the two implements.Software module can be placed in random access memory
(RAM), internal memory, read only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable ROM,
Other form any well known in depositor, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or technical field
Storage medium in.
Above-described detailed description of the invention, is carried out the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect
Further describe, be it should be understood that the foregoing is only the present invention detailed description of the invention and
, the protection domain being not intended to limit the present invention, all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, done
Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. a channel estimation methods, it is characterised in that described method includes:
The signal received is carried out initial channel estimation, obtains channel estimation value, described initial channel
Estimated value includes the channel impulse response in K × W bar footpath, wherein, the window that K includes in representing a time slot
Number, W represents the bar number in the footpath that a window includes；
According to described channel estimation value, K window in a time slot is carried out active window confirmation,
N number of activation window in described time slot, wherein, N is the number activating window, N≤K；
The channel impulse response in the footpath that described N number of activation window is positioned at same position is carried out cumulative mean,
To average channel estimation value；
The initial of the described corresponding described same position of N number of activation window is replaced by described average channel estimation value
Channel estimation value exports as channel estimation value；
When the code channel number of configuration is odd number, the described footpath that described N number of activation window is positioned at same position
Channel impulse response carry out cumulative mean, obtain average channel estimation value, including:
According to formulaThe channel impulse that window is positioned at the footpath of same position is activated to first N-1
Response carries out cumulative mean, obtains first N-1 and activates the average channel estimation value in the footpath of same position in window；
According to formulaObtain n-th and activate the average channel estimation value in each bar footpath in window；
Wherein, hk,jFor the channel impulse response in the j-th strip footpath of the kth window before cumulative mean,It is
The average channel estimation value in j bar footpath, j=1 ..., W, k=1 ..., N.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that obtain average channel estimation described
After value, also include:
According to formulaDescribed N number of activation window is positioned at the average letter in the footpath of same position
Road estimated value is weighted processing, wherein, i=1 ..., N, Factori,jWindow j-th strip footpath is activated for i-th
Weighter factor,For the average channel estimation value in j-th strip footpath,Window j-th strip is activated for i-th after weighting
The average channel estimation value in footpath；
Described replace the described corresponding described same position of N number of activation window by described average channel estimation value
Channel estimation value exports as channel estimation value, including:
Average channel estimation value after weighting being processed replaces described N number of activation window corresponding described identical
The channel estimation value of position exports as channel estimation value.
Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described weighter factor Factori,jIt is
I the footpath signal to noise ratio activating window j-th strip footpath；
Or, described weighter factor Factori,jValue is carried out according to default effective diameter interval.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described method also includes:
Detect the physical channel type in described time slot；
When comprising polytype physical channel in described time slot, described to described N number of activation window position
Channel impulse response in the footpath of same position carries out cumulative mean, obtains average channel estimation value, bag
Include: be respectively directed to different types of physical channel, described N number of activation window is positioned at the footpath of same position
Channel impulse response carry out cumulative mean, obtain average channel estimation value.
5. a channel estimation methods, it is characterised in that described method includes:
The signal received is carried out initial channel estimation, obtains channel estimation value, described initial channel
Estimated value includes the channel impulse response in K × W bar footpath, wherein, the window that K includes in representing a time slot
Number, W represents the bar number in the footpath that a window includes；
According to described channel estimation value, K window in a time slot is carried out active window confirmation,
N number of activation window in described time slot, wherein, N is the number activating window, N≤K；
The channel impulse response in the footpath that described N number of activation window is positioned at same position is carried out cumulative mean,
To average channel estimation value；
The initial of the described corresponding described same position of N number of activation window is replaced by described average channel estimation value
Channel estimation value exports as channel estimation value；
When the code channel number of configuration is odd number, the described footpath that described N number of activation window is positioned at same position
Channel impulse response carry out cumulative mean, obtain average channel estimation value, including:
According to formulaThe letter that window is positioned at the footpath of same position is activated to first N-1
Channel shock response carries out cumulative mean, obtains first N-1 and activates the average channel in the footpath of same position in window
Estimated value；
According to formulaObtain n-th and activate the average channel in each bar footpath in window
Estimated value；
Wherein, hk,jFor the channel impulse response in the j-th strip footpath of the kth window before cumulative mean,It is
The average channel estimation value in j bar footpath, j=1 ..., W, k=1 ..., N.
Method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that obtain average channel estimation described
After value, also include:
According to formulaDescribed N number of activation window is positioned at the average letter in the footpath of same position
Road estimated value is weighted processing, wherein, i=1 ..., N, Factori,jWindow j-th strip footpath is activated for i-th
Weighter factor,For the average channel estimation value in j-th strip footpath,Window j-th strip is activated for i-th after weighting
The average channel estimation value in footpath；
Described replace the described corresponding described same position of N number of activation window by described average channel estimation value
Channel estimation value exports as channel estimation value, including:
Average channel estimation value after weighting being processed replaces described N number of activation window corresponding described identical
The channel estimation value of position exports as channel estimation value.
Method the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described weighter factor Factori,jIt is
I the footpath signal to noise ratio activating window j-th strip footpath；
Or, described weighter factor Factori,jValue is carried out according to default effective diameter interval.
Method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described method also includes:
Detect the physical channel type in described time slot；
When comprising polytype physical channel in described time slot, described to described N number of activation window position
Channel impulse response in the footpath of same position carries out cumulative mean, obtains average channel estimation value, bag
Include: be respectively directed to different types of physical channel, described N number of activation window is positioned at the footpath of same position
Channel impulse response carry out cumulative mean, obtain average channel estimation value.
9. a channel estimating apparatus, it is characterised in that described device includes: initial channel estimation unit,
Active window confirmation unit, cumulative mean unit and output unit；
Described initial channel estimation unit, for carrying out initial channel estimation, at the beginning of obtaining to the signal received
Beginning channel estimation value, described channel estimation value includes the channel impulse response in K × W bar footpath, wherein,
The number of the window that K includes in representing a time slot, W represents the bar number in the footpath that a window includes；
Described active window confirmation unit, for according to described initial channel estimation unit obtain described initially
Channel estimation value, carries out active window confirmation to K window in a time slot, obtains the N in described time slot
Individual activation window, wherein, N is the number activating window, N≤K；
Described cumulative mean unit, for the described N number of activation window obtaining described active window confirmation unit
The channel impulse response in the footpath being positioned at same position carries out cumulative mean, obtains average channel estimation value；
Described output unit, for the described average channel estimation value generation obtained with described cumulative mean unit
Channel estimation value for the described corresponding described same position of N number of activation window is defeated as channel estimation value
Go out；
When the code channel number of configuration is odd number, described cumulative mean unit is according to formula
First N-1 that obtains described active window confirmation unit is activated the channel impulse that window is positioned at the footpath of same position
Response carries out cumulative mean, obtains first N-1 and activates the average channel estimation value in the footpath of same position in window；
And according to formulaObtain each bar footpath in the n-th activation window that described active window confirmation unit obtains
Average channel estimation value；Wherein, hk,jChannel impulse for the j-th strip footpath of the kth window before cumulative mean
Response,For the average channel estimation value in j-th strip footpath, j=1 ..., W, k=1 ..., N.
Device the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described device also includes: weighting
Unit, described weighted units is connected with described cumulative mean unit, for according to formulaThe described N number of activation window obtaining described cumulative mean unit is positioned at same position
The average channel estimation value in footpath is weighted processing, wherein, i=1 ..., N, Factori,jWindow is activated for i-th
The weighter factor in j-th strip footpath,For the average channel estimation value in j-th strip footpath,For i-th after weighting
Activate the average channel estimation value in window j-th strip footpath；
Average channel estimation value after described weighted units weighting processes is replaced by described output unit
The channel estimation value of the described corresponding described same position of N number of activation window is defeated as channel estimation value
Go out.
11. devices according to claim 10, it is characterised in that the weighting in described weighted units
Factori,jThe footpath signal to noise ratio in window j-th strip footpath is activated for i-th；
Or, described weighter factor Factori,jValue is carried out according to default effective diameter interval.
12. devices according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described device also includes: channel
Kind detecting unit, described channel type detector unit is connected with described cumulative mean unit, is used for examining
Survey the physical channel type in described time slot；When described channel type detector unit detects described time slot
When inside comprising polytype physical channel, described cumulative mean unit is respectively directed to different types of thing
Reason channel, carries out cumulative flat to the channel impulse response in the footpath that described N number of activation window is positioned at same position
All, average channel estimation value is obtained.
13. 1 kinds of channel estimating apparatus, it is characterised in that described device includes: initial channel estimation list
Unit, active window confirmation unit, cumulative mean unit and output unit；
Described initial channel estimation unit, for carrying out initial channel estimation, at the beginning of obtaining to the signal received
Beginning channel estimation value, described channel estimation value includes the channel impulse response in K × W bar footpath, wherein,
The number of the window that K includes in representing a time slot, W represents the bar number in the footpath that a window includes；
Described active window confirmation unit, for according to described initial channel estimation unit obtain described initially
Channel estimation value, carries out active window confirmation to K window in a time slot, obtains the N in described time slot
Individual activation window, wherein, N is the number activating window, N≤K；
Described cumulative mean unit, for the described N number of activation window obtaining described active window confirmation unit
The channel impulse response in the footpath being positioned at same position carries out cumulative mean, obtains average channel estimation value；
Described output unit, for the described average channel estimation value generation obtained with described cumulative mean unit
Channel estimation value for the described corresponding described same position of N number of activation window is defeated as channel estimation value
Go out；
When the code channel number of configuration is odd number, described cumulative mean unit is according to formulaFront N-1 the activation window obtaining described active window confirmation unit is positioned at identical
The channel impulse response in the footpath of position carries out cumulative mean, obtains first N-1 and activates same position in window
The average channel estimation value in footpath；And according to formulaObtain described active window confirmation
The n-th that unit obtains activates the average channel estimation value in each bar footpath in window；Wherein, hk,jFor cumulative mean
The channel impulse response in the j-th strip footpath of front kth window,For the average channel estimation value in j-th strip footpath,
J=1 ..., W, k=1 ..., N.
14. devices according to claim 13, it is characterised in that described device also includes: weighting
Unit, described weighted units is connected with described cumulative mean unit, for according to formulaThe described N number of activation window obtaining described cumulative mean unit is positioned at same position
The average channel estimation value in footpath is weighted processing, wherein, i=1 ..., N, Factori,jWindow is activated for i-th
The weighter factor in j-th strip footpath,For the average channel estimation value in j-th strip footpath,For i-th after weighting
Activate the average channel estimation value in window j-th strip footpath；
Average channel estimation value after described weighted units weighting processes is replaced by described output unit
The channel estimation value of the described corresponding described same position of N number of activation window is defeated as channel estimation value
Go out.
15. devices according to claim 14, it is characterised in that the weighting in described weighted units
Factori,jThe footpath signal to noise ratio in window j-th strip footpath is activated for i-th；
Or, described weighter factor Factori,jValue is carried out according to default effective diameter interval.
16. devices according to claim 13, it is characterised in that described device also includes: channel
Kind detecting unit, described channel type detector unit is connected with described cumulative mean unit, is used for examining
Survey the physical channel type in described time slot；When described channel type detector unit detects described time slot
When inside comprising polytype physical channel, described cumulative mean unit is respectively directed to different types of thing
Reason channel, carries out cumulative flat to the channel impulse response in the footpath that described N number of activation window is positioned at same position
All, average channel estimation value is obtained.
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| CN101098208A (en) * | 2006-06-27 | 2008-01-02 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | TD-SCDMA associated detection technology based channel estimation method |
| CN101159445A (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2008-04-09 | 重庆重邮信科（集团）股份有限公司 | Window accumulation based channel swash response post-processing method and apparatus |
| CN101651466A (en) * | 2008-07-18 | 2010-02-17 | 俊茂微电子（上海）有限公司 | Multi-path tracking method and multi-path tracking device |
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| CN101098208A (en) * | 2006-06-27 | 2008-01-02 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | TD-SCDMA associated detection technology based channel estimation method |
| CN101159445A (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2008-04-09 | 重庆重邮信科（集团）股份有限公司 | Window accumulation based channel swash response post-processing method and apparatus |
| CN101651466A (en) * | 2008-07-18 | 2010-02-17 | 俊茂微电子（上海）有限公司 | Multi-path tracking method and multi-path tracking device |
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