CN103326629A - Open-loop starting method and system of brushless direct current motor - Google Patents
Open-loop starting method and system of brushless direct current motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103326629A CN103326629A CN2013102900306A CN201310290030A CN103326629A CN 103326629 A CN103326629 A CN 103326629A CN 2013102900306 A CN2013102900306 A CN 2013102900306A CN 201310290030 A CN201310290030 A CN 201310290030A CN 103326629 A CN103326629 A CN 103326629A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an open-loop starting method of a brushless direct current motor. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: applying short time pulses at adjacent electric angles of 60 or 120 degrees to the motor twice to position the initial position of a rotor; setting accelerating step number, and PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation) duty cycle and forced reversing time corresponding to each step; electrifying the motor according to the positioned reversing sequence to force the motor to work; obtaining a three-phase waveform and a central point waveform corresponding to each step; judging whether the three-phase waveform and the central point waveform corresponding to each step are intersected or not, if not, re-setting the PMW duty cycle and forced reversing time; if so, judging whether the rotating speed meets the predetermined rotating speed or not, if not, increasing the accelerating step number and if so, starting the motor. The invention further discloses an open-loop starting system of the brushless direct current motor. According to the invention, the brushless direct current motor can quickly and stably started without small starting current.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of blower for vehicle air conditioning with the starting method of brshless DC motor, more particularly, relate to a kind of open-loop start-up method and system of brshless DC motor.
Background technology
At present, blower for vehicle air conditioning owing to adopting the vehicle power power supply, requires low energy consumption, high output, life-span long to direct current machine with direct current machine, therefore common employing brshless DC motor.Because the control more complicated of brshless DC motor, existing traditional control mode is based on the control mode of transducer.The vehicle signal unit sends control signal to the control unit of brshless DC motor, by phase A, the phase B that changes brshless DC motor, the power-up sequence of phase C the brshless DC motor body is rotated.The steps include: the first step, the sensors A of the transducer section after the energising, B, C are transferred to the positional information of current brushless DC motor rotor the motor control unit of brushless direct-current; Second step, the control unit of brshless DC motor is switched on according to phase A, phase B, the phase C of powering order corresponding to current brushless DC motor rotor position to the brshless DC motor body, under the effect of magnetic field force, just can rotate after the brshless DC motor energising, then repeat the first step.Such control mode is simple, and the rotor accurate positioning relies on the code signal that is installed in brshless DC motor inside or the sensor feedback above the controller to carry out brushless DC motor rotor position probing and commutation.But the transducer price of automotive grade is generally relatively more expensive; And automobile is usually operated at working condition and compares in the rugged environment, and transducer is worked in this environment for a long time and easily damaged, and the cost of maintenance increases; Having is exactly that the installation requirement of transducer is very strict again, generally is difficult to avoid alignment error, and this just easily causes the leading of brshless DC motor commutation or lags behind, and has influence on the delivery efficiency of brshless DC motor.
Based on the shortcoming of above-mentioned control mode, at present domestic and international automobile vendor adopts the brushless DC motor control system without transducer mostly, and this system can avoid the dependence to transducer, and manufacturing cost also can reduce; But the control difficulty of this system is larger, be mainly reflected in motor the startup stage.Therefore, electric motor starting also becomes both at home and abroad for one of research emphasis of controlling without the brshless DC motor of transducer.
At present, the starting method without the brshless DC motor of transducer that adopts is, the position of brushless DC motor rotor is located in the before this variation that detects bus current of the mode by short-time pulse, then utilize the electric current difference in the current threshold scope as the commutation condition, this kind method can realize the startup of brshless DC motor, but when the initial position of brushless DC motor rotor and the position that adds pulse are 0 ° or 180 ° of electrical degrees, pre-determined bit just can't make locked rotor in 60 ° electrical degree scope for the first time, the current acquisition error is large when low speed simultaneously, implement difficulty high, to algorithm require high.
In addition, existing other frequency and voltage boosting starts synchronously method, detects impulse rotor positioning starting method in short-term, pre-determined bit starts method.Jittering noise is large startup stage that these methods all existing, can not smooth starting, start failed frequency high; Rely on electric current afterflow starting current large, power consumption is high during low speed; Reach the predetermined RMP time long, be difficult to satisfy the quick startup requirement of automotive air-conditioning system; Rely on during low speed and detect the large shortcoming of inverse electromotive force calculating zero crossing failure probability.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is, a kind of open-loop start-up method and system of brshless DC motor are provided, add the mode that twice adjacent electrical degree pulse makes the rotor location by employing, adopt given PWM duty ratio and the mode of commutating period, and the mode of seeking zero crossing by the relation of three phase terminals voltage and central point voltage waveform, can realize that the fast and stable of brshless DC motor starts, and starting current is little, thereby more be suitable for practicality, and have the value on the industry.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems realizes by the following technical solutions.Propose according to the present invention
A kind of open-loop start-up method of brshless DC motor comprises:
Step 1: apply the short-time pulse of twice adjacent 60 ° or 120 ° electrical degree to motor, finish the location of initial position of rotor;
Step 2: the acceleration step number is set, and corresponding PWM duty ratio and the forced commutation time in each step;
Step 3: power up to motor by the commutation sequence behind the location, force machine operation;
Step 4: obtain corresponding three-phase waveform and central point waveform of each step of motor;
Step 5: judge whether corresponding three-phase waveform and central point waveform of each step of motor all has intersection point, if execution in step 6 then if not is execution in step 7 then;
Step 6: reset in the step 2 the PWM duty ratio and after the forced commutation time, repeating step 2 is to step 5;
Step 7: obtain the rotating speed of motor, and judge whether described rotating speed reaches preset rotation speed, if execution in step 8 then if not is execution in step 9 then;
Step 8: after increasing the acceleration step number in the step 2, repeating step 2 is to step 7;
Step 9: finish the startup of motor.
Preferably, described step 1 applies the short-time pulse of twice adjacent 60 ° or 120 ° electrical degree to motor, finishes the rotor location and is specially:
Determine the adjacent 60 ° forward of motor order or adjacent 120 ° counter-rotating order;
Given PWM duty ratio and time of implementation are to electrical power;
Given identical PWM duty ratio and time of implementation, again switch on to motor according to the order of adjacent 60 ° or 120 °;
The position that stops with rotor is as the initial position of rotor.
Preferably, described corresponding three-phase waveform and the central point waveform of each step of motor that obtain is specially:
Obtain corresponding three-phase waveform and central point waveform of each step of motor by oscilloscope.
A kind of open-loop start-up system of brshless DC motor comprises: microprocessor, driver, inverter, oscilloscope and brshless DC motor; Wherein:
Described microprocessor respectively with described driver and brushless dc mechatronics;
Described driver is electrically connected with described inverter;
Described inverter and described brushless dc mechatronics;
Described oscilloscope is electrically connected with three-phase and the central point of described brshless DC motor.
Preferably, described system also comprises: signal generator of automobile and DC power supply; Wherein:
Described signal generator of automobile and DC power supply are electrically connected with described microprocessor respectively.
Can find out from above-mentioned technical scheme, the open-loop start-up method of a kind of brshless DC motor disclosed by the invention, add the mode that twice adjacent electrical degree pulse makes the rotor location by employing, adopt given PWM duty ratio and the mode of commutating period, and the mode of seeking zero crossing by the relation of three phase terminals voltage and central point voltage waveform, the fast and stable that can realize brshless DC motor starts, and starting current is little.
In sum, the open-loop start-up method of a kind of brshless DC motor of the present invention and system, add the mode that twice adjacent electrical degree pulse makes the rotor location by employing, adopt given PWM duty ratio and the mode of commutating period, and the mode of seeking zero crossing by the relation of three phase terminals voltage and central point voltage waveform, the fast and stable that can realize brshless DC motor starts, and starting current is little, and in like product, publish or use and really genus innovation there are no similar structural design, no matter it structurally or larger improvement all arranged on the function, have large improvement technically, and produced handy and practical effect, thereby more being suitable for practicality, and having the extensive value of industry, really is a novelty, progressive, practical new design.
Above-mentioned explanation only is the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, for can clearer understanding technological means of the present invention, and can be implemented according to the content of specification, below with preferred embodiment of the present invention and cooperate accompanying drawing to be described in detail as follows.
The specific embodiment of the present invention is provided in detail by following examples and accompanying drawing thereof.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the profile of brshless DC motor disclosed by the invention;
Fig. 2 is the electrical schematic that adds of brshless DC motor disclosed by the invention;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the open-loop start-up method of a kind of brshless DC motor disclosed by the invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the open-loop start-up system of a kind of brshless DC motor disclosed by the invention.
Embodiment
Reach technological means and the effect that predetermined goal of the invention is taked for further setting forth the present invention, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, open-loop start-up method and its embodiment of system, structure, feature and the effect thereof of a kind of brshless DC motor that foundation the present invention is proposed are described in detail as follows.
The invention discloses a kind of open-loop start-up method and system of brshless DC motor, add the mode that twice adjacent electrical degree pulse makes the rotor location by employing, adopt given PWM duty ratio and the mode of commutating period, and the mode of seeking zero crossing by the relation of three phase terminals voltage and central point voltage waveform, the fast and stable that can realize brshless DC motor starts, and starting current is little.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the rotor of brshless DC motor is 4 pairs of utmost points, and the epitrochanterian N utmost point and the S utmost point are divided equally arrangement.P1 is an electric cycle of rotor to P6 clockwise among Fig. 2,90 ° of the Machine cycle angles that corresponding Fig. 1 rotor rotates.Rotor can stop at the P1 place when the logical positive electricity of the phase A of brshless DC motor, phase B ground connection, phase C no power; Rotor can stop at the P2 place when the logical positive electricity of phase A, phase B no power, phase C ground connection; Rotor can stop at the P3 place when phase A no power, the logical positive electricity of phase B, phase C ground connection; Rotor can stop at the P4 place when phase A ground connection, the logical positive electricity of phase B, phase C no power; Rotor can stop at the P5 place when phase A ground connection, phase B no power, the logical positive electricity of phase C; Rotor can stop at the P6 place when phase A no power, phase B ground connection, the logical positive electricity of phase C.
As shown in Figure 3, the open-loop start-up method for a kind of brshless DC motor disclosed by the invention comprises:
Step 1: apply the short-time pulse of twice adjacent 60 ° or 120 ° electrical degree to motor, finish the location of initial position of rotor;
Step 2: the acceleration step number is set, and corresponding PWM duty ratio and the forced commutation time in each step;
Step 3: power up to motor by the commutation sequence behind the location, force machine operation;
Step 4: obtain corresponding three-phase waveform and central point waveform of each step of motor;
Step 5: judge whether corresponding three-phase waveform and central point waveform of each step of motor all has intersection point, if execution in step 6 then if not is execution in step 7 then;
Step 6: reset in the step 2 the PWM duty ratio and after the forced commutation time, repeating step 2 is to step 5;
Step 7: obtain the rotating speed of motor, and judge whether described rotating speed reaches preset rotation speed, if execution in step 8 then if not is execution in step 9 then;
Step 8: after increasing the acceleration step number in the step 2, repeating step 2 is to step 7;
Step 9: finish the startup of motor.
Concrete, in said method, at first set 60 ° of motor forwards or 120 ° the powering order of reversing, then property settings PWM duty ratio and the time of implementation according to motor powers up to motor, for example: can set the PWM duty ratio is 0.15, time of implementation is 500ms, powers up to motor by the position of P1.After powering up for the first time, no matter whether the rotor of motor moves, again set identical PWM and account for control ratio and time of implementation, again power up to motor according to 60 ° of forwards or 120 ° the powering order of reversing, for example: can set the PWM duty ratio for the second time is 0.15, time of implementation is 500ms, powers up to motor by the power-up sequence of P2 or P3 or P5 or P6 position.The rotor of final motor can be parked on the position that powers up for the second time, for example: the position that powers up by P2 for the second time powers up, and after powering up for the second time, the position of rotor will be parked in the P2 place, and this moment, P2 just was defined as the initial position of rotor.
After determining the initial position of rotor, the acceleration step number of motor is set, and corresponding PWM duty ratio and the forced commutation time in each step, and powers up to motor by the commutation sequence behind the location, force machine operation.After machine operation, obtain corresponding three-phase waveform and central point waveform of each step of motor by oscilloscope; And judge whether corresponding three-phase waveform and central point waveform of each step of motor all has intersection point, if there is not intersection point, then reset in this step the PWM duty ratio and after the forced commutation time, make corresponding three-phase waveform and the central point waveform of each step of motor that intersection point all be arranged; After three-phase waveform corresponding to each step of motor and central point waveform all have intersection point, obtain the rotating speed of motor, and judge whether described rotating speed reaches preset rotation speed, then increase if not and accelerate step number, repeat said process, until the rotating speed of motor reaches preset rotation speed.When the rotating speed of motor reaches preset rotation speed, then finished the startup of motor.
In the said method, add the mode that twice adjacent electrical degree pulse makes the rotor location by employing, adopt given PWM duty ratio and the mode of commutating period, and the mode of seeking zero crossing by the relation of three phase terminals voltage and central point voltage waveform, the fast and stable that can realize brshless DC motor starts, and starting current is little.
As shown in Figure 4, the open-loop start-up system for a kind of brshless DC motor disclosed by the invention comprises: signal generator of automobile 11, DC power supply 12, microprocessor 13, driver 14, inverter 15, oscilloscope 16 and brshless DC motor 17; Wherein:
Signal generator of automobile 11 and DC power supply 12 are electrically connected with microprocessor 13 respectively;
Concrete, the operation principle of the open-loop start-up system of above-mentioned brshless DC motor is: after signal generator of automobile 11 sent signal, DC power supply 13 provided DC power supply to microprocessor 13.After microprocessor 13 receives the signal that signal generator of automobile 11 sends, according to 60 ° of the motor forwards of at first setting or 120 ° the powering order of reversing, and according to PWM duty ratio and time of implementation of the property settings of motor, add electricity by driver 14 and inverter 15 twice to brshless DC motor, determine the initial position of brshless DC motor 17 rotors.
Behind the initial position of having determined rotor, microprocessor 13 is by the acceleration step number of predefined motor, and corresponding PWM duty ratio and the forced commutation time in each step, by the commutation sequence behind the location, power up for brshless DC motor 17 by driver 14 and inverter 15, force brshless DC motor 17 work.
After brshless DC motor 17 work, obtain corresponding three-phase waveform and central point waveform of 17 each step of brshless DC motor by oscilloscope 16; And judge whether corresponding three-phase waveform and central point waveform of 17 each step of brshless DC motor all has intersection point, if there is not intersection point, then by microprocessor 13 reset in this step the PWM duty ratio and after the forced commutation time, make corresponding three-phase waveform and the central point waveform of each step of brshless DC motor 17 that intersection point all be arranged; After three-phase waveform corresponding to each step of brshless DC motor 17 and central point waveform all have intersection point, microprocessor 13 obtains the rotating speed of motor, and judge whether described rotating speed reaches preset rotation speed, then increase by microprocessor 13 if not and accelerate step number, repeat said process, until the rotating speed of brshless DC motor 17 reaches preset rotation speed.When the rotating speed of brshless DC motor 17 reaches preset rotation speed, then finished the startup of motor.
Each embodiment adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe in this specification, and what each embodiment stressed is and the difference of other embodiment that identical similar part is mutually referring to getting final product between each embodiment.
The above, it only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not that the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, yet be not to limit the present invention, any those skilled in the art, within not breaking away from the technical solution of the present invention scope, when the technology contents that can utilize above-mentioned announcement is made a little change or is modified to the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, in every case be the content that does not break away from technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification that foundation technical spirit of the present invention is done above embodiment, equivalent variations and modification all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the open-loop start-up method of a brshless DC motor is characterized in that, comprising:
Step 1: apply the short-time pulse of twice adjacent 60 ° or 120 ° electrical degree to motor, finish the location of initial position of rotor;
Step 2: the acceleration step number is set, and corresponding PWM duty ratio and the forced commutation time in each step;
Step 3: power up to motor by the commutation sequence behind the location, force machine operation;
Step 4: obtain corresponding three-phase waveform and central point waveform of each step of motor;
Step 5: judge whether corresponding three-phase waveform and central point waveform of each step of motor all has intersection point, if execution in step 6 then if not is execution in step 7 then;
Step 6: reset in the step 2 the PWM duty ratio and after the forced commutation time, repeating step 2 is to step 5;
Step 7: obtain the rotating speed of motor, and judge whether described rotating speed reaches preset rotation speed, if execution in step 8 then if not is execution in step 9 then;
Step 8: after increasing the acceleration step number in the step 2, repeating step 2 is to step 7;
Step 9: finish the startup of motor.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described step 1 applies the short-time pulse of twice adjacent 60 ° or 120 ° electrical degree to motor, finishes the rotor location and is specially:
Determine the adjacent 60 ° forward of motor order or adjacent 120 ° counter-rotating order;
Given PWM duty ratio and time of implementation are to electrical power;
Given identical PWM duty ratio and time of implementation, again switch on to motor according to the order of adjacent 60 ° or 120 °;
The position that stops with rotor is as the initial position of rotor.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described corresponding three-phase waveform and the central point waveform of each step of motor that obtain is specially:
Obtain corresponding three-phase waveform and central point waveform of each step of motor by oscilloscope.
4. the open-loop start-up system of a brshless DC motor is characterized in that, comprising: microprocessor, driver, inverter, oscilloscope and brshless DC motor; Wherein:
Described microprocessor respectively with described driver and brushless dc mechatronics;
Described driver is electrically connected with described inverter;
Described inverter and described brushless dc mechatronics;
Described oscilloscope is electrically connected with three-phase and the central point of described brshless DC motor.
5. system according to claim 4 is characterized in that, also comprises: signal generator of automobile and DC power supply; Wherein:
Described signal generator of automobile and DC power supply are electrically connected with described microprocessor respectively.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN104930666A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-09-23 | 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 | Method and device for start control of DC fan in air conditioner indoor unit |
| CN105610353A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-05-25 | 北京工业大学 | Brushless DC motor rapid starting method based on short-time pulse of position sensorless controller |
| CN111278513A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2020-06-12 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | Mask-based breathing apparatus and control method |
| CN111835242A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2020-10-27 | 江苏美的清洁电器股份有限公司 | Dust collector, and control method, device and system of brushless direct current motor |
| CN112448619A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2021-03-05 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | Phase current detection method of motor based on PWM control and air conditioner |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104930666A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-09-23 | 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 | Method and device for start control of DC fan in air conditioner indoor unit |
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| CN112448619A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2021-03-05 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | Phase current detection method of motor based on PWM control and air conditioner |
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