CN103326532A - Induction commutation-type brushless direct-current motor - Google Patents
Induction commutation-type brushless direct-current motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103326532A CN103326532A CN 201310262447 CN201310262447A CN103326532A CN 103326532 A CN103326532 A CN 103326532A CN 201310262447 CN201310262447 CN 201310262447 CN 201310262447 A CN201310262447 A CN 201310262447A CN 103326532 A CN103326532 A CN 103326532A
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Abstract
The invention provides an induction commutation-type brushless direct-current motor which comprises a stator and a rotor. The stator comprises electromagnetic poles distributed in the circumferential direction, wherein magnet exciting coils are wound on the electromagnetic poles. The rotor comprises a rotary shaft and a permanent magnet fixed to the rotary shaft, wherein two operation magnetic poles of the permanent magnet are symmetric to the rotary shaft. The electromagnetic poles, corresponding to the magnet exciting coils, are respectively provided with a detection coil, and the detection coils are in electric connection with a trigger module. When output voltages of the detection coils reach a preset value, the trigger module triggers commutation circuits controlling on-off states of the magnetic exciting coils. The motor can achieve reliable motions of the commutation circuits without a position sensor, and an effective rotating magnetic field produced by stator exciting windings is obtained. Cost is low, and operation stability of the motor is beneficially improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to machine field, especially, relate to the brshless DC motor field.
Background technology
Brshless DC motor is comparatively universal at present, because it does not have brush structure, the mechanicalness fault is few, and it is comparatively convenient to safeguard, therefore, is widely used in each field in recent years.
Present brshless DC motor, take inner rotor motor as example, the external stator that mainly comprises the internal rotor that consisted of by permanent magnet, consisted of by magnet exciting coil; At a time, when the directional magnetic field that produces in the stator and rotor magnetic pole are not parallel, rotor magnetic pole will be subjected to magneticaction, rotation is to the position that parallels with stator field, at this moment, the excitation commutation circuit operation changes the magnet exciting coil energising order in the stator, so that stator field rotation, then rotor magnetic pole is followed stator field rotation, whenever the rotor magnetic pole rotation when being parallel to stator field, commutating circuit moves once, so circulation makes the rotor continuous rotation.
And in present brshless DC motor, when move for commutating circuit, need in the position process of position transducer Real-Time Monitoring rotor, determine, therefore, all be equipped with position transducer at motor internal, and supporting in rotating shaft reflecting part arranged, vacating space arranges position transducer so that motor internal needs extraly for this, and assembly precision requires very high, causes cost obviously to increase; In addition, because motor internal greasy dirt phenomenon is serious, therefore, the sense light appearance of a street of position transducer is easily destroyed, and this solution of problem has further increased cost; Moreover, because motor internal has set position transducer, cause the circumferential structure of motor internal asymmetric, and because the High Rotation Speed of motor internal rotor, high velocity air will cause again the bad stability of motor under the dissymmetrical structure environment; Therefore, the existing drawback of position transducer is comparatively significant.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of induction commutation type brshless DC motor, this motor is being abandoned on the basis of position transducer, realizes the action message of commutating circuit, obtains the effective rotating magnetic field that is produced by the stator excitation winding; Not only cost is lower, and is conducive to improve the stability of motor operation.
The technical scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention adopts is: this induction commutation type brshless DC motor comprises stator, rotor; Described stator comprises circumferentially uniform electromagnetic pole, is wound with magnet exciting coil on the described electromagnetic pole; Described rotor comprises rotating shaft and is fixed in permanent magnet in the rotating shaft, two work magnetic poles of permanent magnet symmetrical about rotating shaft; Also set respectively a magnetic test coil corresponding to each described magnet exciting coil on the described electromagnetic pole, described magnetic test coil electrical connection trigger module, when described trigger module reaches predetermined value at the output voltage of magnetic test coil, the commutating circuit of the break-make order of controlling each described magnet exciting coil is carried out trigger action.
As preferably, the Zener diode that described trigger module comprises filter capacitor that the momentary pulse in the described magnetic test coil is filtered, respond described voltage predetermined value, the output resistance that is carried by the voltage of magnetic test coil output after described Zener diode punctured; Described filter capacitor, output resistance are parallel on two output leads of described magnetic test coil, and described Zener diode is connected on the output lead of a described magnetic test coil between described filter capacitor, the output resistance; And on the output lead of another magnetic test coil between described filter capacitor, the output resistance, connect a unilateral diode; With respect to the loop that is made of described filter capacitor, Zener diode, output resistance, unilateral diode, described Zener diode oppositely is connected in series with unilateral diode.
As preferably, described magnetic test coil is by the aluminum steel coiled, and the number of turn is 1/20～1/10 of described magnet exciting coil.
As preferably, described magnetic test coil is made of the part coiling of described magnet exciting coil self, and these part coiling two ends export described trigger module to by reverse hold-off diode; Described reverse hold-off diode is to the cut-off of the exciting current of described magnet exciting coil, and the induced electromotive force that magnet exciting coil is produced is open-minded.
As preferably, described Zener diode is adjustable resistance in parallel also, and the adjustable resistance lower limit of described adjustable resistance is not less than R
Min, R
MinValue calculate as follows: R
Min/ (R
Min+ output resistance R)=minimum working current I that motor allows
MinThe maximum operating currenbt I that/motor allows
MaxThe adjustable resistance upper limit of described adjustable resistance is not higher than 10 times of described output resistance R.
As the further improvement of above-mentioned optimal way, the exciting current inverse correlation of the resistance of described adjustable resistance and described magnet exciting coil; The action component of described adjustable resistance is controlled by described excited work electric current.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: this induction commutation type brshless DC motor in the course of the work, after the magnet exciting coil on the electromagnetic pole of stator is connected, electromagnetic pole produces exciting field, the working rotor magnetic pole is attracted by exciting field, turn to the electromagnetic pole direction of energising, rotor near process in, because near the air gap the energising magnet exciting coil is replaced by the working rotor magnetic pole gradually, the zone magnetic permeability increases fast, and because the superposition of the magnetic field intensity of working rotor magnetic pole, cause the magnetic flux density surge of the stator electromagnetic pole at energising magnet exciting coil place, and it is more and more faster to gather way, until the magnetic field of working rotor magnetic pole overlaps with the magnetic field of energising magnet exciting coil; In this process, the induced electromotive force in the described magnetic test coil continues to increase, until reach the triggering predetermined value of described trigger module, then triggers the action that commutates of excitation commutation circuit by trigger module, and is like this, can keep the continuous rotation of working rotor magnetic pole; This motor is owing to having abandoned position transducer, and the number of turn of magnetic test coil is few, and trigger module is very simple again, does not have the assembly precision requirement, therefore, has reduced to a great extent cost; And, owing to having improved the circumferential uniformity of internal structure of motor, be conducive to improve the stability of motor operation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the mechanical structure schematic diagram of this induction commutation type brshless DC motor.
Fig. 2 is the electrical structure schematic diagram of this induction commutation type brshless DC motor.
Fig. 3 is embodiment one schematic diagram of trigger module in this induction commutation type brshless DC motor.
Fig. 4 is embodiment two schematic diagrames of trigger module in this induction commutation type brshless DC motor.
Fig. 5 is in this induction commutation type brshless DC motor course of work, the waveform schematic diagram of magnetic flux density in the electromagnetic pole of stator.
Fig. 6 is in this induction commutation type brshless DC motor course of work, corresponding to induced electromotive force waveform schematic diagram in the magnetic test coil on the electromagnetic pole among Fig. 5.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, this induction commutation type brshless DC motor comprises stator 1, rotor 6; Described stator 1 comprises circumferentially uniform electromagnetic pole 10, is wound with magnet exciting coil 5 on the described electromagnetic pole 10; Described rotor 6 comprises rotating shaft and is fixed in permanent magnet in the rotating shaft, two work magnetic poles 60 of permanent magnet symmetrical about rotating shaft; Also set respectively a magnetic test coil 2 corresponding to each described magnet exciting coil 5 on the described electromagnetic pole 10, described magnetic test coil 2 electrical connection trigger modules 3, described trigger module 3 carries out trigger action to the commutating circuit 4 of the break-make order of controlling each described magnet exciting coil 5 when the output voltage of magnetic test coil 2 reaches predetermined value.
In working order arbitrary instantaneous, on the described stator 1 a pair of mutually over against electromagnetic pole 10 energisings, produce the directional magnetic field that is orthogonal to rotor shaft.
For described trigger module, embodiment one as shown in Figure 3, the Zener diode D1 that it comprises filter capacitor C that the momentary pulse in the described magnetic test coil 2 are filtered, respond described voltage predetermined value, the output resistance R that is carried by the voltage of magnetic test coil 2 outputs after described Zener diode D1 punctured; Described filter capacitor C, output resistance R are parallel on two output leads of described magnetic test coil 2, and described Zener diode D1 is connected on the output lead of a described magnetic test coil between described filter capacitor C, the output resistance R; And on the output lead of another magnetic test coil between described filter capacitor C, the output resistance R, connect a unilateral diode D2; With respect to the loop that is made of described filter capacitor C, Zener diode D1, output resistance R, unilateral diode D2, described Zener diode D1 oppositely is connected in series with unilateral diode D2.
Momentary pulse in the described magnetic test coil 2, mainly refer to the moment that magnet exciting coil 5 is switching on and off, magnetic field on the electromagnetic pole 10 suddenly increases, die-offs, thereby cause and occur a spike in the magnetic test coil 2, be characterized in that pulse voltage is very high, but the duration is extremely short, and after the employing filter capacitor C filtering, no longer zener diode D1 causes the mistake response.In described its course of work of Zener diode D1, when the voltage of magnetic test coil 2 outputs hangs down, keep reverse blocking state, when the output voltage of magnetic test coil 2 reaches predetermined value, when being threshold values, Zener diode D1 reverse breakdown, thus in the loop that magnetic test coil 2-Zener diode D1-output resistance R-unilateral diode D2-magnetic test coil 2 consists of generation current, the step-down of this electric current on output resistance R exported to commutating circuit 4 as output signal.Wherein, the effect of described unilateral diode D2 mainly is to prevent in magnet exciting coil 5 power process, and the reverse current of inducting in the magnetic test coil 2 impacts commutation circuit 4.
The number of turn of described magnetic test coil 2 is 1/20～1/10 of described magnet exciting coil 5, if want to adopt the least possible magnetic test coil 2 numbers of turn, so, can increase the one-level amplifying circuit between magnetic test coil 2 and trigger module 3.In addition, described magnetic test coil 2 can be made of the part coiling of described magnet exciting coil 5 self, and these part coiling two ends export described trigger module 3 to by reverse hold-off diode; Described reverse hold-off diode is to the cut-off of the exciting current of described magnet exciting coil 5, and magnet exciting coil is produced, open-minded with the reverse induced electromotive force of described exciting current, this mode has been saved coil consumptive material and coil cumulative volume.
Described trigger module 3, embodiment two as shown in Figure 4, different from Fig. 3 embodiment is, described Zener diode D1 is adjustable resistance R1 in parallel also, the adjustable resistance lower limit of described adjustable resistance R1 is not less than R
Min, R
MinValue calculate as follows: R
Min/ (R
Min+ output resistance R)=minimum working current I that motor allows
MinThe maximum operating currenbt I that/motor allows
MaxThe adjustable resistance upper limit of described adjustable resistance is not higher than 10 times of described output resistance R.For the setting of described adjustable resistance R1, what mainly consider is, motor is when work, and under different operating modes, the excited work electric current can change to some extent, will be at minimum working current I
MinWith maximum operating currenbt I
MaxBetween change, therefore, the faradic maximum of magnetic test coil 2 is also not identical corresponding to different excited work electric currents, and Zener diode D1 punctures need to reach maximum at the induced current electric current of magnetic test coil all the time the time, and the puncture threshold values of Zener diode D1 itself is fixed; Therefore, behind the described adjustable resistance R1 in parallel, when excited work electric current less (that is the total voltage on adjustable resistance R1, the output resistance R is less), improve the resistance of adjustable resistance R1, make Zener diode D1 assign to the voltage of larger proportion, when the excited work electric current is larger, reduce the resistance of adjustable resistance R1, make Zener diode D1 assign to voltage than small scale, so, just can ensure, both so that Zener diode D1 when fixing threshold values, puncture, again so that trigger module 3 is all made reliable response for each operating current.In order to realize automatic adjusting, make the resistance of described adjustable resistance R1 and the exciting current inverse correlation of described magnet exciting coil 5; Can adopt the moving coil type electromagnetic actuating mechanism that comprises solenoid, spring torsion bar, make the action component of described adjustable resistance R1 be controlled by described excited work electric current, that is described excited work electric current with direct input or indirect coupling in the solenoid of described moving coil type electromagnetic actuating mechanism, and described spring torsion bar acts on the action component of described adjustable resistance R1.
Above-mentioned induction commutation type brshless DC motor in the course of the work, after the magnet exciting coil 5 on the electromagnetic pole 10 of stator 1 is connected, electromagnetic pole produces exciting field, rotor 6 work magnetic pole 60 is attracted by exciting field, turn to the electromagnetic pole direction of energising, rotor near process in, because near the air gap the energising magnet exciting coil is replaced by working rotor magnetic pole 60 gradually, the zone magnetic permeability increases fast, and because the superposition of the magnetic field intensity of working rotor magnetic pole 60, cause the magnetic flux density surge of the stator electromagnetic pole at energising magnet exciting coil 5 places, and it is more and more faster to gather way, until the magnetic field of working rotor magnetic pole overlaps with the magnetic field of energising magnet exciting coil; In this process, magnetic flux density on the electromagnetic pole 10 of energising changed such as the B-t(magnetic flux density-time on the one-period among Fig. 5) shown in the waveform, on one-period, B in time growth and increase and also in time increase of the rate of change of B; It is worthy of note, when the moment of electromagnetic pole 10 energisings and outage, magnetic induction density B among Fig. 5 also will produce respectively a pulse, since the time compole short, and absorbed by described filter capacitor C, therefore, in Fig. 5, do not show, in addition, when electromagnetic pole 10 is cold, that is when magnetic induction density B is zero among Fig. 5, in fact, owing to being subject to the impact of working rotor magnetic pole 60, also has certain magnetic flux density, but because working rotor magnetic pole 60 departs from electromagnetic pole 10, magnetic flux density is very little, ignores.
In the corresponding one-period of Fig. 5, continuous growth along with magnetic induction density B, induced electromotive force U in the described magnetic test coil 2 in time t increases continuously, as shown in Figure 6, until reach the triggering predetermined value of described trigger module 3, then trigger excitation commutation circuit 4 action that commutates by trigger module 3, like this, can keep the continuous rotation of working rotor magnetic pole 60; This motor is owing to having abandoned position transducer, and the number of turn of magnetic test coil is few, and trigger module is very simple again, does not have the assembly precision requirement, therefore, has reduced to a great extent cost; And, owing to having improved the circumferential uniformity of internal structure of motor, be conducive to improve the stability of motor operation.
The above only is preferred mode of the present invention, and is in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. respond to the commutation type brshless DC motor for one kind, this induction commutation type brshless DC motor comprises stator (1), rotor (6); Described stator comprises circumferentially uniform electromagnetic pole (10), is wound with magnet exciting coil (5) on the described electromagnetic pole (10); Described rotor comprises rotating shaft and is fixed in permanent magnet in the rotating shaft, two work magnetic poles (60) of permanent magnet symmetrical about rotating shaft; It is characterized in that: also set respectively a magnetic test coil (2) corresponding to each described magnet exciting coil on the described electromagnetic pole, described magnetic test coil electrical connection trigger module (3), described trigger module (3) carries out trigger action to the commutating circuit (4) of the break-make order of controlling each described magnet exciting coil (5) when the output voltage of magnetic test coil reaches predetermined value.
2. induction commutation type brshless DC motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the Zener diode that described trigger module (3) comprises filter capacitor that the momentary pulse in the described magnetic test coil (2) is filtered, respond described voltage predetermined value, the output resistance that is carried by the voltage of magnetic test coil output after described Zener diode punctured; Described filter capacitor, output resistance are parallel on two output leads of described magnetic test coil, and described Zener diode is connected on the output lead of a described magnetic test coil between described filter capacitor, the output resistance; And on the output lead of another magnetic test coil between described filter capacitor, the output resistance, connect a unilateral diode; With respect to the loop that is made of described filter capacitor, Zener diode, output resistance, unilateral diode, described Zener diode oppositely is connected in series with unilateral diode.
3. induction commutation type brshless DC motor according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described magnetic test coil (2) is by the aluminum steel coiled, and the number of turn is 1/20～1/10 of described magnet exciting coil (5).
4. induction commutation type brshless DC motor according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described magnetic test coil (2) is made of the part coiling of described magnet exciting coil (5) self, and these part coiling two ends export described trigger module (3) to by reverse hold-off diode; Described reverse hold-off diode is to the cut-off of the exciting current of described magnet exciting coil, and the induced electromotive force that magnet exciting coil is produced is open-minded.
5. induction commutation type brshless DC motor according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described Zener diode is adjustable resistance in parallel also, and the adjustable resistance lower limit of described adjustable resistance is not less than R
Min, R
MinValue calculate as follows: R
Min/ (R
Min+ output resistance R)=minimum working current I that motor allows
MinThe maximum operating currenbt I that/motor allows
MaxThe adjustable resistance upper limit of described adjustable resistance is not higher than 10 times of described output resistance R.
6. induction commutation type brshless DC motor according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the exciting current inverse correlation of the resistance of described adjustable resistance and described magnet exciting coil; The action component of described adjustable resistance is controlled by exciting current.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201310262447 CN103326532A (en) | 2013-06-27 | 2013-06-27 | Induction commutation-type brushless direct-current motor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201310262447 CN103326532A (en) | 2013-06-27 | 2013-06-27 | Induction commutation-type brushless direct-current motor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106124876A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-16 | 安徽金帅洗衣机有限公司 | A kind of motor for washer Coil Detector technique |
-
2013
- 2013-06-27 CN CN 201310262447 patent/CN103326532A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106124876A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-16 | 安徽金帅洗衣机有限公司 | A kind of motor for washer Coil Detector technique |
| CN106124876B (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2019-01-01 | 安徽金帅洗衣机有限公司 | A kind of motor for washer Coil Detector technique |
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Application publication date: 20130925 |