CN103323571A - Method for positioning activities of Entomophthora in grain piles of grains stored in grain bin - Google Patents

Method for positioning activities of Entomophthora in grain piles of grains stored in grain bin Download PDF

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CN103323571A
CN103323571A CN2013102972164A CN201310297216A CN103323571A CN 103323571 A CN103323571 A CN 103323571A CN 2013102972164 A CN2013102972164 A CN 2013102972164A CN 201310297216 A CN201310297216 A CN 201310297216A CN 103323571 A CN103323571 A CN 103323571A
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grain
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monitoring
carbon dioxide
entomophthora
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CN103323571B (en
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蔡静平
黄淑霞
翟焕趁
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Henan University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for positioning activities of Entomophthora in grain piles of grains stored in a grain bin. According to characteristics of grain piles, monitoring layers are respectively selected and set in the vertical direction of the grain piles; carbon dioxide gas concentration monitoring points are arranged at certain interval on each monitoring layer; and through periodically detecting changes of the carbon dioxide gas concentration of each monitoring point and according to distribution of grain pile carbon dioxide gas concentration, key points and relative points of activities of Entomophthora in the grain piles are determined and activity spaces and parts of Entomophthora in the grain piles are positioned.

Description

粮仓粮食储藏的粮堆中虫霉活动定位的方法A method for locating insect and mold activities in grain piles stored in granaries

技术领域 technical field

 本发明属于粮食储藏安全监测的技术领域,具体地说,涉及一种通过测定粮仓中粮堆特定部位的二氧化碳浓度,根据粮堆中二氧化碳气体的扩散特性,对粮堆中正在进行生长、代谢的虫霉活动部位进行定位,为准确防控储粮虫霉的危害提供依据。 The invention belongs to the technical field of grain storage safety monitoring, and in particular relates to a method for measuring the concentration of carbon dioxide in a specific part of a grain pile in a granary, and according to the diffusion characteristics of carbon dioxide gas in the grain pile, to monitor the growing and metabolizing insects in the grain pile. Locate the active part of the fungus to provide a basis for accurate prevention and control of the hazards of the fungus in stored grains.

背景技术 Background technique

我国的粮食储备规模大,储藏时间长,储藏期间发生虫霉危害活动是难以避免的现象。虫霉生长的早期通常发生在粮堆的某一区域,然后不断向四周扩展,最终导致储粮严重的损失,例如引起粮食表观品质、食用品质及加工工艺品质的劣变等。尤其是可以在粮食中生长的某些霉菌,在生长一定时间后还可以代谢产生各种有毒的次生代谢产物,例如产生具有强烈毒性和致癌性的黄曲霉毒素等真菌毒素,可对人和动物的健康造成严重的危害。因此,只有准确、及时找到粮堆中虫霉早期活动的部位,对储粮发生的虫霉活动进行针对性的早期处理控制,才能保证粮食储藏的安全。 The scale of my country's grain reserves is large and the storage time is long. During the storage period, it is unavoidable that insects and mold hazards will occur. The early stage of insect mold growth usually occurs in a certain area of the grain pile, and then continues to expand to the surrounding area, eventually leading to serious loss of stored grain, such as causing deterioration of grain apparent quality, eating quality, and processing quality. In particular, some molds that can grow in food can also metabolize and produce various toxic secondary metabolites after growing for a certain period of time, such as producing mycotoxins such as aflatoxin with strong toxicity and carcinogenicity, which can be harmful to humans and serious hazard to animal health. Therefore, the safety of grain storage can only be ensured by accurately and timely finding the early active parts of the insect mold in the grain pile, and carrying out targeted early treatment and control of the insect mold activity in the stored grain.

目前,粮食储藏行业对储粮虫霉危害活动的定位普遍采用温度检测的方法,但由于温度在粮堆中的传导速度慢,必须依靠非常密集设点才能获得虫霉活动的信息,通常每个粮仓需要设置数百个监测点。即使如此,其监测的灵敏度仍不理想,当发现某些区域粮食温度异常升高时,往往该区域的粮食已经出现感官可辨的虫霉生长现象。 At present, the grain storage industry generally adopts the method of temperature detection to locate the harmful activities of insects and molds in stored grains. However, due to the slow conduction speed of temperature in grain piles, it is necessary to rely on very intensive setting points to obtain the information of insects and molds. Usually, each Granary needs to set up hundreds of monitoring points. Even so, the sensitivity of its monitoring is still not ideal. When the grain temperature in some areas is found to be abnormally high, often the grains in this area have already experienced the growth of insects and molds that can be discerned by the senses.

粮食中虫霉活动可以产生二氧化碳气体,同时二氧化碳气体在粮堆中具有较好的扩散性,通过检测粮堆的二氧化碳浓度变化,可以达到监测储粮中虫霉活动的目的。现有的粮堆二氧化碳检测方法主要有两类,一类属于便携型检测仪,由操作人员现场将气体取样管插入粮堆,对粮堆表层进行气体探查。这种检测方法受人工在粮堆中插入气体取样管的限制,一般只有0.5米左右,难以获得整个粮仓的虫霉活动信息。另一类是在粮堆中预埋不同深度和部位的输气管道,对粮堆中的二氧化碳气体进行检测,但现有方法没有结合二氧化碳在粮堆中的扩散特性进行针对性的设点,也没有建立根据各监测点二氧化碳浓度变化对虫霉活动部位进行定位的分析方法,一般间距的设点无法确定虫霉活动的准确区域,密集设点的材料消耗及监测的工作量均过大,在储粮实践中难以实施。 Insects and molds in grains can produce carbon dioxide gas, and carbon dioxide gas has good diffusivity in grain piles. By detecting changes in carbon dioxide concentration in grain piles, the purpose of monitoring insects and molds in stored grains can be achieved. There are mainly two types of existing methods for detecting carbon dioxide in grain piles. One type is a portable detector. The operator inserts a gas sampling tube into the grain pile on site to detect the gas on the surface of the grain pile. This detection method is limited by the manual insertion of a gas sampling tube in the grain pile, which is generally only about 0.5 meters, and it is difficult to obtain information on insect and mold activity in the entire granary. The other is to bury gas pipelines at different depths and locations in the grain piles to detect carbon dioxide gas in the grain piles. However, the existing methods do not combine the diffusion characteristics of carbon dioxide in the grain piles for targeted setting. There is also no established analysis method for locating the active parts of insects and molds according to the change of carbon dioxide concentration at each monitoring point. The exact area of insects and molds cannot be determined by setting points with general spacing, and the material consumption and monitoring workload of densely set points are too large. It is difficult to implement in grain storage practice.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明的目的正是针对上述现有技术中所存在的不足之处而提供一种粮仓粮食储藏的粮堆中虫霉活动定位的方法。本发明的方法根据二氧化碳在粮堆中的扩散特性进行监测点的优化设置,目的是通过设置最少的监测点和投入最小的监测工作量,在虫霉没有对储粮及其品质造成明显破坏前,准确找到粮堆中虫霉的活动部位,防止虫霉活动导致的储粮损失。 The object of the present invention is to provide a method for locating insect mold activity in grain piles of granary grain storage aiming at the shortcomings in the above-mentioned prior art. The method of the present invention optimizes the setting of monitoring points according to the diffusion characteristics of carbon dioxide in the grain pile, and the purpose is to set the minimum monitoring points and invest the minimum monitoring workload before insects and molds do not cause obvious damage to the stored grain and its quality. , Accurately find the active parts of insects and molds in the grain pile, and prevent the loss of stored grains caused by insects and molds.

本发明的目的可通过下述技术措施来实现: The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical measures:

本发明的粮仓粮食储藏的粮堆中虫霉活动定位的方法是在粮堆特定部位设置二氧化碳气体浓度监测点,定时检测各监测点的二氧化碳气体浓度变化,根据粮堆二氧化碳气体浓度的分布,对粮堆中虫霉活动的部位进行定位。 The method for locating insects and mildew activities in the grain piles of granary grain storage of the present invention is to set carbon dioxide gas concentration monitoring points at specific parts of the grain piles, regularly detect changes in the concentration of carbon dioxide gas at each monitoring point, and according to the distribution of the carbon dioxide gas concentration of the grain piles. Locate the active part of the insect mold in the grain pile.

本发明方法的具体措施如下: The concrete measures of the inventive method are as follows:

a、在粮堆中设置二氧化碳气体浓度监测点:首先在离墙1 m-4 m以外部位、距粮仓地坪0 m-1 m的底部区域内以4 m-8 m的行、列间距设置由若干个二氧化碳气体浓度监测点构成的粮仓底部监测层,之后在粮堆高度方向以每隔2 m-3 m的间距设置一层与粮仓底部监测层各监测点数量相等、位置相对应的监测层,且顶层监测层距粮堆表面距离大于或等于3 m; a. Set carbon dioxide gas concentration monitoring points in the grain pile: first, set them at a row and column spacing of 4 m-8 m in the bottom area 0 m-1 m away from the granary floor at a position other than 1 m-4 m away from the wall The monitoring layer at the bottom of the granary is composed of several carbon dioxide gas concentration monitoring points, and then a monitoring layer with the same number and corresponding positions as the monitoring points of the monitoring layer at the bottom of the granary is set at an interval of 2 m-3 m in the direction of the height of the grain pile. layer, and the distance between the top monitoring layer and the grain pile surface is greater than or equal to 3 m;

b、进行粮堆二氧化碳气体浓度的检测和检测值的排列:以5 d-10 d为周期进行各监测点的二氧化碳气体浓度检测,将每一监测点各检测值与前一次检测值进行比较,选出检测值大于1%,且该检测值比该点前一次检测值大0.2%的部位,或同一监测点两次二氧化碳气体检测的浓度增量值大于0.5%的部位作为定位关键点;比较同一层与每个定位关键点相邻监测点的二氧化碳气体浓度,分别选出较前一次检测值增大超过0.1%的部位作为定位相关点;若达到定位关键点指标的部位相邻,确定检测值或二氧化碳浓度增量值较大的部位为定位关键点,其余为定位相关点; b. Carry out the detection of the concentration of carbon dioxide gas in the grain pile and the arrangement of the detection values: Detect the concentration of carbon dioxide gas at each monitoring point in a period of 5 days to 10 days, compare the detection values of each monitoring point with the previous detection value, Select the location where the detection value is greater than 1%, and the detection value is 0.2% greater than the previous detection value at this point, or the location where the concentration increment value of two carbon dioxide gas detections at the same monitoring point is greater than 0.5% as the positioning key point; compare For the carbon dioxide gas concentration of the monitoring points adjacent to each positioning key point on the same layer, select the parts that have increased by more than 0.1% compared with the previous detection value as the positioning related points; The position with the larger value or the increase value of carbon dioxide concentration is the key point of positioning, and the rest are related points of positioning;

c、、对虫霉活动点的空间定位:在粮面上以每一个定位关键点为中心,画出与定位相关点的连线,以各监测点二氧化碳气体浓度检测值为权重,按照力矩计算的方法,计算确定每一条连线的重心部位;若定位关键点没有定位相关点相邻,定位关键点为虫霉活动中心在粮面上的投影;若定位关键点只有一个相邻定位相关点连接一条连线,则重心点即是虫霉活动中心点在粮堆表面的投影部位;若定位关键点有两个定位相关点相邻连接两条连线,则连接两个重心点作一条新连线,再利用两个定位相关点检测值的权重计算出新连线的重心部位,为虫霉活动中心点在粮堆表面的投影部位;若定位关键点超过2个定位相关点相邻连接成多条连线,则将相邻的重心部位作连线,可在粮面上形成一个区域,该区域的几何中心即为粮堆中虫霉活动部位对应在粮堆表面的投影部位;虫霉活动的空间区域位于所确定出投影部位所对应的、定位相关点所处平面上方 3米的柱形区域中。 c. Spatial positioning of insect and mildew activity points: on the grain surface, take each positioning key point as the center, draw the connection line with the positioning related points, use the carbon dioxide gas concentration detection value of each monitoring point as the weight, and calculate according to the moment The method of calculating and determining the center of gravity of each connection line; if the positioning key point is not adjacent to the positioning related point, the positioning key point is the projection of the insect mold activity center on the grain surface; if the positioning key point has only one adjacent positioning related point If you connect a line, the center of gravity is the projection of the active center of insects and mildew on the surface of the grain pile; Connect the line, and then use the weights of the detection values of the two positioning related points to calculate the center of gravity of the new connecting line, which is the projection of the insect mold activity center point on the grain pile surface; if the positioning key points exceed two positioning related points, they are adjacently connected If multiple connecting lines are formed, the adjacent centers of gravity can be connected to form an area on the grain surface, and the geometric center of this area is the projection position corresponding to the active part of the insect mold in the grain heap on the surface of the grain heap; The spatial area of mold activity is located in the cylindrical area 3 meters above the plane where the relevant point is located corresponding to the determined projection site.

本发明的有益效果如下: The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

(1)本发明根据粮堆中虫霉活动定位的需要进行了监测点的优化,在能够对粮堆中虫霉活动区域有效定位的前提下,尽可能减少监测点的设置,不仅可以大幅度节省输气管道等材料的费用,而且可减少粮仓布点和二氧化碳气体浓度检测的人力、物力消耗,更重要的是还可以提高检测的准确度和可靠性。因为本发明方法是通过抽取粮堆中的气体进行检测,每次检测时需要先抽气一定的时间置换管道中存留的气体,粮堆中被抽取的气体必然由其它来源的气体作补充,密集布点进行抽气检测会影响该监测层面的的气体成分,降低监测的灵敏度和可靠性。 (1) The present invention optimizes the monitoring points according to the needs of the location of insect and mold activity in grain piles. On the premise of effectively locating the insect and mold activity area in grain piles, the setting of monitoring points is reduced as much as possible, which can not only significantly It saves the cost of materials such as gas pipelines, and can reduce the manpower and material consumption of granary layout and carbon dioxide gas concentration detection. More importantly, it can also improve the accuracy and reliability of detection. Because the method of the present invention is to detect by extracting the gas in the grain pile, it is necessary to pump out the gas for a certain period of time to replace the gas retained in the pipeline for each detection, and the gas extracted in the grain pile must be supplemented by gas from other sources, which is dense. Arranging points for pumping detection will affect the gas composition at the monitoring level, reducing the sensitivity and reliability of monitoring.

(2)粮堆中的虫霉活动早期阶段一般从某一小区域开始,其呼吸产生的二氧化碳气体也从生长部位逐渐扩散,除了二氧化碳气体比重略高于空气,有微弱的下沉倾向外,在其它方向的扩散没有明显差异,因此,利用粮堆中二氧化碳气体浓度差可以进行虫霉活动部位的准确定位。根据虫霉生长的生物学特性和对生长初始阶段对储粮的危害度,5 d-10 d的检测时间间隔不会影响对储粮安全的监测效果。为了进行准确的定位,选择定位关键点和相关点是非常重要的,本发明规定将各监测点检测值与前一次检测值进行比较,选出检测值大于1%,且该检测值比该点前一次检测值大0.2%的部位,或同一监测点两次二氧化碳气体检测的浓度增量值大于0.5%的部位作为定位关键点。因为二氧化碳浓度的增高是虫霉正在活动的标志,可有效排除粮食自身呼吸的二氧化碳本底浓度变化。如果符合定位关键点指标的监测点多,表明虫霉在多部位发生,如果符合定位关键点指标的监测点出现在邻近相连部位,则表明虫霉活动比较严重或已经扩展到较大的区域。在虫霉活动的初始阶段涉及的区域相对较小,监测点正好位于定位关键点的概率非常低,还需要利用二氧化碳在粮堆中的扩散特性对活动区域周边监测点的不同影响进行多点定位。本发明采用将关键点相邻、且浓度检测值较前一次检测增大超过0.1%的部位作为定位相关点,小于该浓度变化幅度说明虫霉活动与该点距离远,对该点的二氧化碳浓度值没有产生影响,定位时也不考虑其权重。 (2) The early stage of insect mold activity in grain piles generally starts from a small area, and the carbon dioxide gas produced by its respiration also gradually diffuses from the growth site. There is no obvious difference in the diffusion in other directions. Therefore, the accurate location of the active part of insects and molds can be carried out by using the difference in the concentration of carbon dioxide gas in the grain pile. According to the biological characteristics of insect mold growth and the damage to stored grains in the initial stage of growth, the detection time interval of 5 days to 10 days will not affect the monitoring effect on the safety of stored grains. In order to carry out accurate positioning, it is very important to select positioning key points and relevant points. The present invention stipulates that the detection value of each monitoring point is compared with the previous detection value, and the selected detection value is greater than 1%, and the detection value is higher than the point. The part where the previous detection value is 0.2% larger, or the part where the concentration increment value of two carbon dioxide gas detections at the same monitoring point is greater than 0.5% is used as the key point for positioning. Because the increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide is a sign that the fungus is active, it can effectively eliminate the change in the background concentration of carbon dioxide in the food itself. If there are many monitoring points that meet the positioning key point indicators, it indicates that insects and molds occur in multiple places. If the monitoring points that meet the positioning key point indicators appear in adjacent and connected parts, it indicates that insects and molds are more serious or have expanded to a larger area. The area involved in the initial stage of insect mold activity is relatively small, and the probability that the monitoring point is located at the key point of positioning is very low. It is also necessary to use the diffusion characteristics of carbon dioxide in the grain pile to perform multi-point positioning on the different impacts of the monitoring points around the active area. . The present invention adopts the position where the key point is adjacent and the concentration detection value increases by more than 0.1% compared with the previous detection as the positioning related point. If the range of change in concentration is less than this point, it means that the insect mold activity is far away from this point, and the carbon dioxide concentration at this point The value has no effect and is not weighted when targeting.

(3)虽然通过对各监测点的二氧化碳气体浓度检测值的分析,可以显示粮堆中虫霉活动在哪些监测点组成的区域中,但由于在虫霉早期活动的区域较小,相对于较大的监测点距离间隔,仍无法确定准确的空间坐标,用储粮通用的探管施药局部杀虫或单管风机局部降水抑霉的方法难以达到理想的处理效果,甚至可能因为处理部位偏离较远而出现害虫活动区域的扩散或原有高水分粮的水分转移现象,导致出现更多的隐患。因此,提高对虫霉危害区域定位的准确性直接影响储粮工艺的实施效果。本发明根据对粮堆二氧化碳气体扩散的研究,发现气体在粮堆横向扩散方面具有一致性,监测点相距虫霉活动点的距离与测得二氧化碳浓度成反比关系,所以将检测的浓度值作为权重,采用力矩计算的方法,可以非常容易地在粮面上确定划线和找到每一条连线的重心,再进一步确定虫霉活动中心在粮面的投影部位,找出虫霉活动的投影部位就可以在粮面上向所在空间部位进行准确的杀虫或控制霉菌的处理,实现对储粮虫霉活动的早期准确防控。 (3) Although the analysis of the detected values of carbon dioxide gas concentration at each monitoring point can show the area composed of the monitoring points where the fungus and fungus activities in the grain pile are, but because the area where the fungus and fungus are active in the early stage is small, compared with the larger The distance between the monitoring points is large, and the exact spatial coordinates cannot be determined. It is difficult to achieve the ideal treatment effect by using a common probe tube for grain storage to spray local insecticides or a single-pipe fan for local precipitation and mildew suppression. Farther away, the spread of pest activity areas or the water transfer phenomenon of the original high-moisture grains lead to more hidden dangers. Therefore, improving the accuracy of locating the pest and mildew hazard area directly affects the implementation effect of the grain storage process. According to the research on the diffusion of carbon dioxide gas in the grain pile, the present invention finds that the gas has consistency in the lateral diffusion of the grain pile, and the distance between the monitoring point and the active point of insect mold is inversely proportional to the measured carbon dioxide concentration, so the detected concentration value is used as the weight , using the method of moment calculation, it is very easy to determine the line on the grain surface and find the center of gravity of each connecting line, and then further determine the projection of the insect mold activity center on the grain surface, and find out the projection of the insect mold activity. Accurate insecticide or mold control treatment can be carried out on the grain surface to the space where it is located, so as to realize early and accurate prevention and control of stored grain insect mold activities.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1:32 m×24 m×6 m(长×宽×高)粮仓监测点设置及检测数据之一(32 m×24 m×6 m(长×宽×高)粮仓监测点设置及检测数据之一(监测点深度为3 m和6 m,图中数据上方为3 m监测点相邻2次检测值,下方为6 m监测点相邻2次检测值;图中数据单位为:%)。 Figure 1: 32 m×24 m×6 m (length×width×height) granary monitoring point setting and one of the detection data (32 m×24 m×6 m (length×width×height) granary monitoring point setting and detection data One (the depth of the monitoring point is 3 m and 6 m, the upper part of the data in the figure is the 2 adjacent detection values of the 3 m monitoring point, and the lower part is the 2 adjacent detection values of the 6 m monitoring point; the data unit in the figure is: %) .

图2:一个定位关键点、两个定位相关点的粮仓虫霉活动点粮面定位图。 Figure 2: The location map of granary insect mold activity points and grain surface with one location key point and two location related points.

图3:32 m×24 m×6 m(长×宽×高)粮仓监测点设置及检测数据之二(监测点深度为3 m和6 m,图中数据上方为3 m监测点相邻2次检测值,下方为6 m监测点相邻2次检测值;图中数据单位为:%)。 Figure 3: 32 m × 24 m × 6 m (length × width × height) granary monitoring point setting and detection data 2 (the depth of the monitoring point is 3 m and 6 m, the upper part of the data is 3 m adjacent to the monitoring point 2 The lower part is the detection value of two adjacent monitoring points at 6 m; the data unit in the figure is: %).

图4:一个定位关键点、三个定位相关点粮仓虫霉活动点粮面定位图。 Figure 4: One positioning key point and three positioning related points. Grain area positioning map of insect mold activity points in granaries.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

本发明以下将结合实施例(附图)作进一步描述: The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment (accompanying drawing):

实施例1:虫霉活动定位1(一个定位关键点、两个定位相关点) Example 1: Insect and mold activity positioning 1 (one positioning key point, two positioning related points)

如图1所示,是32 m×24 m×6 m(长×宽×高)平房仓的虫霉活动监测设置平面图,该粮堆高度为6 m,所以设两个监测层,每一层设12个监测点,其分布为:靠近仓墙的监测点离墙距离4 m,监测点之间间距8 m;检测的时间间隔为7天,所得的数据标在图中每一监测点的右侧,其中上方数据为3 m监测点的二氧化碳浓度测定数值(单位:%),下方数据为6 m监测点的二氧化碳浓度测定数值(单位:%)。分析检测的数据,并将每一监测点的检测值与上一次的检测数据比较,检测值大于1%的监测点是(4)、(5)和(8)的下层,比较前一次检测值增高超过0.2%的是第(5)监测点的下层,增大了1.21%;其他没有二氧化碳浓度较前一次增加0.5%的监测点,所以只有第(5)监测点可以作为定位关键点。比较第(5)监测点相邻的各监测点与前一次检测值的差值,增高值超过0.1%的监测点有:第(4)监测点增0.12%,第(8)监测点增0.18%,其他监测点的二氧化碳检测值增高均小于0.1%。将第(4)和第(8)监测点作为定位相关点。 As shown in Figure 1, it is a plan view of insect mold activity monitoring settings for a 32 m×24 m×6 m (length×width×height) one-story warehouse. The height of the grain pile is 6 m, so there are two monitoring layers, each layer Set up 12 monitoring points, and the distribution is as follows: the distance between the monitoring points near the warehouse wall and the wall is 4 m, and the distance between monitoring points is 8 m; On the right, the upper data is the measured value of carbon dioxide concentration at the 3 m monitoring point (unit: %), and the lower data is the measured value of carbon dioxide concentration at the 6 m monitoring point (unit: %). Analyze the detected data, and compare the detection value of each monitoring point with the previous detection data. The monitoring points with a detection value greater than 1% are the lower layers of (4), (5) and (8), and compare the previous detection value The increase of more than 0.2% is the lower layer of the (5) monitoring point, which has increased by 1.21%; there are no other monitoring points where the carbon dioxide concentration has increased by 0.5% compared with the previous one, so only the (5) monitoring point can be used as a key point for positioning. Comparing the difference between the monitoring points adjacent to the (5) monitoring point and the previous detection value, the monitoring points with an increase value exceeding 0.1% are: the (4) monitoring point increased by 0.12%, and the (8) monitoring point increased by 0.18% %, and the increase in carbon dioxide detection values at other monitoring points was less than 0.1%. Take the (4) and (8) monitoring points as the positioning related points.

定位的方法由图2所示,在粮堆表面第(5)监测点向第(4)和(8)监测点部位划线,以这3个检测值的权重计算出连线的重心部位,例如可以计算出第(5)和第(8)监测点连线的重心位相距第(5)监测点的距离为8 m×1.85/(2.56+1.85)=3.36 m,同样可计算出第(5)和第(4)监测点连线的重心位相距(5)监测点的距离为2.71 m。标出两个重心位,并在粮面上画出重心连线,再以第(4)和第(8)监测点的二氧化碳浓度检测值为权重,可以计算出虫霉活动中心在粮面上的投影部位的坐标,即位于以第(5)和第(8)监测点连线的重心点为起点,长度为41.2%重心连线的位置上。由于虫霉活动点在下层,所以具体的虫霉活动部位在粮面投影部位3 m以下的柱形空间中。 The positioning method is shown in Figure 2. Draw a line from the (5) monitoring point on the surface of the grain pile to the (4) and (8) monitoring points, and calculate the center of gravity of the connecting line with the weight of these 3 detection values. For example, it can be calculated that the distance between the center of gravity of the line connecting the (5) and (8) monitoring points and the (5) monitoring point is 8 m×1.85/(2.56+1.85)=3.36 m, and it can also be calculated that the ( 5) The distance between the center of gravity of the line connecting the monitoring point (4) and the monitoring point (5) is 2.71 m. Mark the two centers of gravity, and draw a line connecting the centers of gravity on the grain surface, and then use the carbon dioxide concentration detection values of the (4) and (8) monitoring points as weights to calculate the activity center of the insect mold on the grain surface. The coordinates of the projected part of , that is, located at the center of gravity of the line connecting the (5) and (8) monitoring points as the starting point, and the length is 41.2% of the position of the line connecting the centers of gravity. Since the insect mold activity point is in the lower layer, the specific insect mold activity site is in the cylindrical space 3 m below the projected part of the grain surface.

实施例2: 虫霉活动定位2(一个定位关键点、三个定位相关点) Example 2: Insect and mold activity positioning 2 (one positioning key point, three positioning related points)

图3是32 m×24 m×6 m(长×宽×高)平房仓的虫霉活动监测设置平面图,该粮堆高度为6 m,同样设两个监测层,每一层设12个监测点,其分布为:靠近仓墙的监测点离墙距离4 m,监测点之间间距8 m;检测的时间间隔为7天,所得的数据标在图中每一监测点的右侧,其中上方数据为3 m监测点的二氧化碳浓度测定数值(单位:%),下方数据为6 m监测点的二氧化碳浓度测定数值(单位:%)。分析检测的数据,并将每一监测点的检测值与上一次的检测数据比较,检测值大于1%的监测点是(8a)和(9a)的下层,比较前一次检测值增高超过0.2%的监测点是第(9a)监测点的下层,增大0.63%,其他没有二氧化碳浓度较前一次增加0.5%的监测点:所以只有第(9a)监测点可以作为定位关键点。比较第(9a)监测点相邻的各监测点与前一次检测值的差值,增高值超过0.1%的监测点有:第(8a)监测点增0.17%,第(11a)监测点增0.14%,第(12a)监测点增0.16%,其他监测点的二氧化碳检测值增高均小于0.1%。将第(8a)、第(11a)和第(12a)监测点作为定位相关点。 Figure 3 is a plan view of the insect mold activity monitoring setup for a 32 m×24 m×6 m (length×width×height) bungalow. The height of the grain pile is 6 m, and two monitoring layers are also set up, with 12 monitoring points on each layer The distribution of points is as follows: the distance between the monitoring points near the warehouse wall is 4 m from the wall, and the distance between monitoring points is 8 m; the detection time interval is 7 days, and the obtained data are marked on the right side of each monitoring point in the figure, among which The upper data is the measured value of carbon dioxide concentration at the 3 m monitoring point (unit: %), and the lower data is the measured value of the carbon dioxide concentration at the 6 m monitoring point (unit: %). Analyze the detected data and compare the detection value of each monitoring point with the previous detection data. The monitoring points with a detection value greater than 1% are the lower layers of (8a) and (9a), and the detection value has increased by more than 0.2% compared with the previous detection value. The monitoring point is the lower layer of the (9a) monitoring point, which has increased by 0.63%, and there is no other monitoring point where the carbon dioxide concentration has increased by 0.5% compared with the previous one: so only the (9a) monitoring point can be used as a key point for positioning. Comparing the difference between the monitoring points adjacent to the (9a) monitoring point and the previous detection value, the monitoring points with an increase of more than 0.1% are: the (8a) monitoring point increased by 0.17%, and the (11a) monitoring point increased by 0.14% %, the (12a) monitoring point increased by 0.16%, and the carbon dioxide detection values of other monitoring points increased by less than 0.1%. Take the (8a), (11a) and (12a) monitoring points as the positioning related points.

定位的方法由图4所示,在粮堆表面第(9a)监测点分别向第(8a)、第(11a)和(12a)监测点部位划线,以这3个检测值的权重计算出连线的重心部位,例如可以计算出第(9a)和第(8a)监测点连线的重心位相距第(9a)监测点的距离为8 m×1.15/(1.15+1.86)=3.01 m,同样可计算出第(9a)和第(11a)监测点连线的重心位相距(11a)监测点的距离为7.57 m,第(9a)和第(12a)监测点连线的重心位相距(9a)监测点的距离为2.64 m。标出三个重心位,并将相邻的重心位划线相连,在粮面上画出三角形的区域,该三角形区域的几何重心就是虫霉活动中心在粮面上的投影部位。虫霉活动点处于粮堆下层,所以该粮仓的虫霉活动部位处于粮面投影部位3 m以下的柱形空间中。 The positioning method is shown in Figure 4. Draw lines from the (9a) monitoring point on the surface of the grain pile to the (8a), (11a) and (12a) monitoring points respectively, and calculate the weight of the three detection values For the center of gravity of the connecting line, for example, the distance between the center of gravity of the line connecting the monitoring points (9a) and (8a) and the monitoring point (9a) can be calculated as 8 m×1.15/(1.15+1.86)=3.01 m, Similarly, it can be calculated that the distance between the center of gravity of the line connecting the monitoring points (9a) and (11a) and the monitoring point (11a) is 7.57 m, and the distance between the center of gravity of the line connecting the monitoring points (9a) and (12a) ( 9a) The distance between the monitoring points is 2.64 m. Mark three center of gravity positions, connect adjacent center of gravity positions with a line, and draw a triangular area on the grain surface. The geometric center of gravity of the triangular area is the projection position of the insect mold activity center on the grain surface. The insect mold activity point is located in the lower layer of the grain pile, so the insect mold activity site of the granary is located in the cylindrical space 3 m below the projection of the grain surface.

Claims (1)

1. the method for entomophthora activity orientation during the grain of a silo foodstuff preservation is piled, it is characterized in that: the concrete measure of described method is as follows:
A, the density of carbon dioxide gas monitoring point is set in grain heap: the grain bin bottom monitor layer that at first at position beyond wall 1 m-4 m, in the bottom section of silo terrace 0 m-1 m, is consisted of by several density of carbon dioxide gas monitoring points with the row, column spacing setting of 4 m-8 m, arrange with the spacing every 2 m-3 m in the grain bulk height direction afterwards that each monitoring point quantity of one deck and grain bin bottom monitor layer equates, the corresponding monitor layer in position, and the top layer monitor layer is piled surface distance 〉=3 m apart from grain;
B, the detection of carrying out grain heap density of carbon dioxide gas and the arrangement of detected value: the density of carbon dioxide gas that carries out each monitoring point take 5 d-10 d as the cycle detects, each detected value of each monitoring point and a front detected value are compared, select detected value greater than 1%, and this detected value is put the position of a front detected value large 0.2% than this, or the concentration increment size that detects of twice carbon dioxide in same monitoring point greater than 0.5% position as the locator key point; Relatively same layer is put the density of carbon dioxide gas of adjacent monitoring point with each locator key, selects respectively a more front detected value and increases and surpass 0.1% position as locating reference point; If it is adjacent to reach the position of locator key point index, determine that the larger position of detected value or gas concentration lwevel increment size is the locator key point, all the other are the location reference point;
C, to the space orientation of entomophthora moving point: on the grain face centered by each locator key point, draw and the line of locating reference point, take each monitoring point density of carbon dioxide gas detected value as weight, according to the method for Calculating Torque during Rotary, the center of gravity position of each bar line of calculative determination; If it is adjacent that locator key point is not located reference point, locator key is selected and is the projection of entomophthora activity centre on the grain face; If the locator key point only has an adjacent positioned reference point to connect a line, then focus point namely is that the projection position on grain heap surface is selected in the entomophthora activity centre; If the locator key point has two lines of two location adjacent connections of reference point, then connect two focus points and make a new line, the weight calculation that recycles two the location reference point detected values center of gravity position of line that makes new advances is for select at the surperficial projection position of grain heap the entomophthora activity centre; 2 location reference points are adjacent to connect into many lines if locator key point surpasses, then line is made at adjacent center of gravity position, can form a zone at the grain face, this regional geometric center is in the grain heap the movable position of entomophthora correspondence at the projection position on grain heap surface; The area of space of entomophthora activity be arranged in the cylindricality zone of 3 meters of corresponding, tops, reference point plane of living in, location, the projection position of determining.
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CN107356289A (en) * 2017-07-18 2017-11-17 山东浪潮通软信息科技有限公司 A kind of grain monitoring and pre-alarming method of the multisensor based on ZigBee
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